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自觉遵守考场纪律如考试作弊此答卷无效密自觉遵守考场纪律如考试作弊此答卷无效密封线第1页,共3页湖南文理学院芙蓉学院《英语国家概况》
2021-2022学年第一学期期末试卷院(系)_______班级_______学号_______姓名_______题号一二三四五六总分得分批阅人第一部分(共10小题,每小题1分,满分10分)1、Betweenthetwogenerations,itisoftennottheirage,_________theireducationthatcausesmisunderstanding.A.likeB.asC.orD.but2、Whenhewasrunningafterhisbrother,theboylosthis___andhadabadfall.A.balance B.chanceC.memory D.place3、Thissemesterourschooloffersmanyoptionalcoursesforthestudents,_______appealstomanystudents.A.eachofwhich B.allofwhomC.eachofwhom D.allofwhich4、Thecompanybegantoproducesilkunderwearlastyear,mostof________importedtoEurope.A.itB.themC.thatD.which5、Muchtotheirdelight,theirnewproject_____attheconference,theexcitedscholarsdecidedtohaveabarbecueinhonourofthefantasticmoment.A.toapproveB.beingapprovedC.havingapprovedD.havingbeenapproved6、Modestyisakindofgoodquality,whichis______ittakestobeyourpersonalbest.A.what B.where C.which D.when7、—YoushouldhavecometothepartylastSaturdayevening.Itwasreallyfantastic.—Butafriendanunexpectedvisittome.A.paid B.hadpaid C.wouldpay D.haspaid8、Onlyafterhewasbroughttothepolicestationdidtheboy________hehadstolensomepursesfromotherpassengers.A.participate B.acknowledgeC.realize D.summarize9、—Willitcostalottobeanexchangestudent?—________,butyoucanapplyforscholarshipandstudentloan.A.IwouldimaginesoB.You’vegotmethereC.ByallmeansD.I’mwithyouonthat10、Ishookhandsand________greetingswiththemanager,whoIimpressedalot.A.conveyedB.swappedC.exchangedD.switched第二部分阅读理解(满分20分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。AHearingFeelingsbehindWordsMostofusaretaughttopayattentiontowhatissaid—thewords.Wordsdoprovideuswithsomeinformation,butmeaningscomefromsomanyothersources.Soitwouldbedifficultforustohaveaneffectiveunderstandingifwerelytooheavilyonwordsalone.Wordsareusedtodescribeonlyasmallpartofthemanyideasweassociatewithanygivenmessage.Sometimeswecangaininsightintosomeofthoseassociationsifwelistenformorethanwords.Wedon’talwayssaywhatwemeanormeanwhatwesay.Sometimesourwordsdon’tmeananythingexcept“I’mlettingoffsomesteam.Idon’treallywantyoutopaycloseattentiontowhatI’msaying.JustpayattentiontowhatI’mfeeling.”Mostlywemeanseveralthingsatonce.Apersonwantingtopurchaseahousesaystothecurrentowner,“ThisstephastobefixedbeforeI’llbuy.”Theownersays,“It’sbeenlikethatforyears.”Actually,thestephasn’tbeenlikethatforyears,buttheunspokenmessageis:”Idon’twanttofixit.Weputupwithit.Whycan’tyou?”Themoreexpansivemeaningamessagecanbeobtainedbyexaminingwhosaidit,whenitoccurred,therelatedconditionsorsituation,andhowitwassaid.Whenamessageoccurscanalsodiscloseassociatedmeaning.Letusassumetwocouplesdoexactlythesameamountofkissingandarguing.Butonecouplealwayskissesafteranargumentandtheothercouplealwaysarguesafterakiss.Theorderingofthebehaviorsmaymeanmuchmorethanthefrequencyofthebehavior.Howaboutafriend’sunusuallyquietbehavior?Itmayonlybeunderstoodbynothingwhathappenedpreviouslyandthesituationsthatrequiredanabnormalamountofconfidence.Someresponsesmaybedirectlylinkedtoadevelopingpatternofresponsesandseemillogic.Forexample,apersonwhosays“No!”toaserialsofchargeslike“You’restupid,”“You’relazy,”and“You’redishonest,”mayalsosay“No!”andtrytojustifyhisorherresponseifthenextstatementis“Andyou’regoodlooking.”Wewoulddowelltolistenforhowmessagesarepresented.Thewords,“Itsurehasbeennicetohaveyouover,”canbesaidwithemphasisandexcitementorritualistically.Thephrasecanbesaidonceorrepeatedseveraltimes.Andthemeaningsweassociatewiththephrasewillchangeaccordingly.Sometimesifwesaysomethinginfrequentlyitassumesmoreimportance;sometimesthemorewesaysomethingthelessimportanceitassumes.1、Effectivecommunicationismadepossiblebetweentwoconversingpartnersif.A.theyuseproperwordstocarrytheirideasB.theybothspeaktrulyoftheirownfeelingsC.theytrytounderstandeachother’slanguageD.theyareabletoassociatemeaningwiththeirwords2、“I’mlettingoffsomesteam”inparagraph1means.A.I’mjustkidding B.I’mjustsayingtheoppositeC.I’mjustcallingyourattention D.I’mjustgivingoffsomesound3、Thehouse-owner’sexampleshowsthattheheactuallymeans.A.thestephasbeenlikethatforyearsB.hedoesn’tthinkitnecessarytofixthestepC.theconditionofthestepisonlyaminorfaultD.thecostinvolvedinthefixingshouldbeshared4、Theword“ritualistically”inthelastparagraphequalssomethingdone.A.inawayofceremony B.withouttrueintentionC.withlessemphasis D.light-heartedlyBAsanyplanepassengerwillconfirm,acryingbabyisalmostimpossibletoignore,nomatterhowhardyoutry.Nowscientistsbelievetheymayhaveworkedoutwhy.Ababy’scrypullsattheheartstrings(扣人心弦)inawaywhileothercriesdon’t,researchersfound.Researchersfoundthatababy’scrycantriggeruniqueemotionalresponsesinthebrain,makingitimpossibleforustoignorethemwhetherweareparentsornot.Othertypesofcries,includingcallsofanimalsingreatpain,failtogetthesameresponsesuggestingthebrainisprogrammedtorespondspecificallytoababy’scry.AteamofOxfordUniversityscientistsscannedthebrainsof28menandwomenastheylistenedtoavarietyofcallsandcries.After100milliseconds,twopartsofthebrainthatrespondtoemotionlitup.Theirresponsetoababy’scrywasparticularlystrong.Theresponsewasseeninbothmenandwomen-eveniftheyhadnochildren.ResearcherDr,ChristineParsonssaid,“Youmightreadthatmenshouldjustnoticeababyandstepoveritandnotseeit,butit’snottrue.Thereisaspecialprocessinginmenandwomen,whichmakessensefromanevolutionaryviewthatbothmenandwomenwouldberespondingtothesecries,”Thestudyinvolvedpeoplewhowerenotparents,yettheyareallrespondingquicklytotheseparticularcriessothismightbeafundamentalresponsepresentinallofusregardlessofparentalstatus.ResearcherKatieYoungsaiditmaytakeabitlongerforsomeonetorecognizetheirownchild’scriesbecausetheyneedtodomore“fine-grainedanalysis”.Theteamhadpreviouslyfoundthatourreactionsspeedupwhenwehearababycrying.Adultsperformedbetteroncomputergameswhentheywereplayedthesoundofababycryingthanaftertheyheardrecordingsofadultscryingorhigh-pitched(高音的)birdsong.Thefindingscouldhelpshedlightonpost-natal(产后的)depressionwheremothersstruggletobondwiththeirnewbornbyshowinghowahealthybrainrespondstoababy’scries.1、Ababy’scryisdifficulttoignorebecauseit.A.keepsoncryingB.criesharderthanadultsC.causespeoplegreatpainD.makespeoplefeelstrongemotions2、Theunderlinedword“trigger”inParagraph2probablymeans“‘‘A.removeB.avoidC.causeD.cure3、WhatmayChristineParsonsagreeto?A.Almosteveryonemakescertainresponsetoababy’scries.B.Acryingbabymakesnosensetopeoplewithoutchildren.C.Menpaylessattentiontoacryingbabythanwomen.D.Parentscanhardlyrecognizetheirownbabies’cry.4、Computergamesarementionedinthetexttoshow.A.players’differentreactionstoacryingbabyB.baby’scryingcontributestoquickerreactionsC.theinfluenceofbaby’sandadult’scryingonperformanceD.it’shardtokeepone’sconcentrationwithacryingbabynearby第三部分语言知识运用(共两节)第一节(每小题1分,满分20分)阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项.HowcanIforgettheday?On14July19741traveledinanovercrowdedbustoanunheardtowncalledShendurni.Thenextday,Iwastojointhefacultyofajuniorcollegethere.1aboutmynewjob,butanxiousandfearfultoo,Iwasoutofmy2zone.Around7pm.Itstartedpouringwithrain.Wonderingaboutmynewcareerinanunknownland,Ihad3inmyseat,Iwokeupwithastarttothesoundoftheconductor,4thenameofmybusstop.Ilookedout.Itwaspitch-darkAh,apowercut.5unusualduringheavyrains.“ConductorSahab,canIgeta6formyselfhero?I'mnewtotheplace,"Iheardmyselfask7."Arrebhai,getoffmybusandletusgo.We8toreachthenextstationontime.”heshoutedbackAmidmountingpanic,Ifelta9taponmyshoulders.AsIlookedback,awarmsmile10me;"I'mSawant,fromthenexttown.Thebus11thereforthenightandreturnstomorrowmorning.Whydon'tyoubuyaticketforthenextstop?Youcanspendthenightatmyplace,andjoinworktomorrow."Ithankedhimfrommyheartandacceptedhis12,Bythetimethebusreachedthefinalstop,itwas8:30p.m.Thekindsoulledmetohishouse.Heandhiswifetookgreat13tomakemystaycomfortable.Iwas14withwarmwaterforabath,followedbyahot15andacomfortablybed.Allthistookplaceinsemi-darkness.Nofightsyet,Iwasupearlythenextmorningandmybenefactor(恩人)cameto16meoff.Icouldnotseehisfaceclearly,asitwas17dark,Imadeit18thecollegeintimeandtaughtthereforalmost11years,AllthiswhileI19him,evenaskingmynewfriendsandstudentstohelpfindthekindsoul.RutMrSawantremained20.PerhapsIhadgothisnamewrong.Myonlyregret:Icouldnotthankhimagain.1、A.ExcitedB.InterestedC.WorriedD.Annoyed2、A.homeB.schoolC.comfortD.dilemma3、A.knockedoffB.droveoffC.turnedoffD.dozedoff4、A.announcingB.claimingC.screamingD.declaring5、A.SomethingB.AnythingC.EverythingD.Nothing6、A.seatB.roomC.ticketD.map7、A.sadlyB.quicklyC.nervouslyD.surprisingly8、A.comeB.getC.needD.ask9、A.suddenB.softC.realD.warm10、A.wavedB.welcomedC.greetedD.shook11、A.stopsB.arrivesC.leavesD.drives12、A.familyB.solutionC.invitationD.request13、A.pleasureB.energyC.difficultyD.pains14、A.providedB.offeredC.givenD.blessed15、A.chatB.discussionC.mealD.tea16、A.walkB.driveC.showD.see17、A.yetB.stillC.alreadyD.also18、A.toB.inC.fromD.for19、A.sentforB.searchedforC.caredforD.waitedfor20、A.silentB.strangeC.unbelievableD.untraceable第二节(每小题1.5分,满分15分)阅读下面材料,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。OnesentencefromthenewsinWashingtonhasremainedinmymindsinceatriplastsummer:“Whenyouseepeoplerunagainstthecrowdescaping1.thedanger,theyare2.(probable)firefighters,policeorjournalistsIthinkthisismosttrueforthefirefightersWheneverandwherever3.(disaster)happen—911AttacksinNewYork14yearsagoortheexplosioninTianjinonWednesdaynight—itisalwaysthefirefighters4.taketheleadtoruntotheverycenter,savinglivesby5.(risk)theirownIcriedtodayneartheexplosionsite,notbecauseofthesmokefromtheongoingfire6.becauseofashortmessageafirefightersenttoatrustedfriendthatwentviralonlineItreads,“IfIcannotmakeit,myfatheris7.(you);andpleaseremember8.(sweep)mymother’stomb”Iwasthrilledlatertolearnthathedidmakeit“Everyoneknowsit’s9.(danger)tobeafirefighterButhehasalwayslikeditandhasdoneitfor12years,”hisfathersaid“Hesurvivedthistime,butnooneknowswhat10.(happen)nexttime”第四部分写作(共两节)第一节短文改错(满分10分)请修改下面这篇短文。文中共有10处语言错误,每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除和修改。增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧),并在其下面写出该加的词。删除:把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。修改:在错的词下划一横线,并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意:1、每处错误及其修改仅限一词;2、只允许修改10处,多者(从第11处起)不计分。StephenHawking,thebrilliantfigureinthemodernhistoryofphysics,passedawayonMarch14、Heisfa
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