专题10-非谓语动词

2023中考英语考前冲刺语法过关专题10非谓语动词考点01：动词不定式一、单项选择1．（2022·内蒙古呼和浩特·中考真题）Whethersportsmen,sportswomenorvolunteers,peopleusedtheirskillsandwarmth________theBeijing2022WinterOlympicsashiningsuccess.A．make B．making C．made D．tomake2．（2022·上海·中考真题）TheInternetenablesfarmers_______fruitsandvegetablesacrossthecountry.A．sell B．selling C．tosell D．sold3．（2022·江苏盐城·中考真题）GoodnewscomesthatChinahassentShenzhouXIVtospace________theunknownworld.A．explore B．explored C．exploring D．toexplore考点02：动名词4．（2022·广西河池·中考真题）Iusuallyspendtime________inthelibraryonweekends.A．read B．reading C．reads D．toread5．（2022·广西玉林·中考真题）—Safetycomesfirst!Everyoneshouldstopthekidsfrom________inthelakeorriver.—Lifeisvaluable.Kidsmustremember________theschoolrules.A．swim;tofollow B．swim;followingC．swimming;following D．swimming;tofollow6．（2022·黑龙江绥化·中考真题）Hollyprefersplayingthepianoto________theviolin.Listen!She________thepianoinherroom.A．play;isplaying B．playing;plays C．playing;isplaying7．（2022·黑龙江绥化·中考真题）Whatabout________thesongTogetherforaSharedFuture?Itsnameistheslogan(口号)ofBeijing2022OlympicWinterGames.A．sing B．singing C．tosing8．（2022·贵州黔东南·中考真题）Thereisnodoubt_________HarryPotterisworth_________.A．whether,read B．if;toread C．that;reading D．as;beingread9．（2022·贵州铜仁·中考真题）—Mr.Chen,mykidissleeping.Wouldyoumind______yourradio?—Sorry.I’lldoitatonce.A．turningdown B．turndown C．turningup D．turnup10．（2022·贵州黔东南·中考真题）Anoldman________onthesideoftheroadwasfound________,andhewassenttothehospitalbythebusdriverandpassengersimmediately.A．lies;dies B．lay;died C．lain;dead D．lying;dying11．（2022·黑龙江·中考真题）IsawLily________whenIpassedherroom.A．dance B．dancing C．todance12．（2021·贵州黔西·中考真题）Todaytherearealreadyrobots________intherestaurants.Theyareserving

thepeople.A．works B．worked C．working D．work13．（2019·甘肃天水·中考真题）IsawherflowersinthegardenwhenIpassedby.A．towater B．water C．watering D．watered考点03：现在分词14．（2019·贵州铜仁·中考真题）“Look!Thereisaman___Taijineartheriver.”“Wow!It’smyteacher,MrWu.”A．perform B．performs C．performing D．performed考点04：过去分词15．（2022·贵州铜仁·中考真题）—Doyouknowtherearemorethan3,000languages______intheworld?—Sorry,Ihavenoidea.A．speaking B．spoken C．speak D．spoke16．（2018·湖北鄂州·中考真题）—Whatareonshowinthelibrary?—Somephotos________ontheGreatWall.A．aretaken B．taken C．aretaking D．weretaken二、用所给单词的正确形式填空17．（2022·江苏淮安·中考真题）MissGaoispreparingatalkonhow_________(solve)teenagerproblems.18．（2022·上海·中考真题）Thejournalisthopedto_________thebraveactofthefireman.（reporter）19．（2022·内蒙古包头·中考真题）Iremember__________mykeyintomybag,butnowit’snotthere!（put）20．（2020·四川广元·中考真题）It's________(believe)thatHuoshenshanHospitalwassetupinWuhaninjust10days.三、完成句子21．（2022·江苏淮安·中考真题）尽管筋疲力尽，他还是决定尽快动身前往机场。Thoughhewas_________________,hedecided_________________theairportassoonaspossible.22．（2022·山东枣庄·中考真题）ThespiritofclimbersshowsmethatIshouldnevergiveuptryingto_________my_________.登山者的精神向我表明我不应该放弃对实现自己梦想的努力。23．（2022·内蒙古通辽·中考真题）温故而知新。_________thenewwhile__________theold.24．（2018·湖北十堰·中考真题）戴眼镜的那位女老师中等身材。Thewomanteacher__________________isofmediumbuild.四、根据首字母填空25．（2021·四川成都·中考真题）Alargeshipbrokedownintheriver,l_________atleast100bigshipsunabletopass.五、根据汉语提示填空26．（2022·江苏盐城·中考真题）Thetemperaturebeginsto________（上升）whenspringcomes.27．（2022·江苏镇江·中考真题）Sorry,hamburgersinourshophavebeensoldout.Doyoumind_______(取消)yourorder?28．（2022·湖北襄阳·中考真题）—Ourhomeworkhaschangedthisterm,andwe______________(更喜欢做老师们准备的有创意的作业来提升自己).(prefer)—Yes,it’salsoachallengefortheteachers.29．（2017·江苏连云港·中考真题）Ourgovernmenthasdonealottoprotecttheenvironment.Lotsof________(被污染的)riversaremuchcleanernow.六、同义句转化30．（2022·上海·中考真题）Afterhearingthenews,Tomwassoexcitedthathecouldn’tfallasleep.（保持句意基本不变）Afterhearingthenews.Tomwas_________excited_________fallasleep.七、改写句子31．（2022·上海·中考真题）Thechildrenarediscussingwhattheyaregoingtodothisweekend.（改为简单句）Thechildrenarediscussing__________________dothisweekend.八、将所给单词连成句子32．（2022·上海·中考真题）thetask,

promisedto,

finish,

assoonaspossible,

theengineer（连词成句）___________________________________________________________.33．（2022·广西柳州·中考真题）achance,gave,lying,inthesky,shining,us,bytheriver,onthegrass,thestars,camping,to,of,lookat（在河边露营给了我们躺在草地上看星星在天空闪耀的机会。）_________________________________________________.34．（2022·广西柳州·中考真题）they,with,taken,think,so,theastronaut,deeplyloved,it,aphoto,have,exciting,to,bypeople（他们认为与那位深受人们喜爱的宇航员一起拍照是如此令人激动。）_________________________________________________.九、汉译英：整句35．（2022·山东滨州·中考真题）读书不但让我感到快乐，还能使我提高成绩。（notonly...butalso）______________________________________________________________36．（2022·山东威海·中考真题）公交站点有很多人在等车吗？__________________________________________

2023中考英语考前冲刺语法过关（解析版）专题10非谓语动词考点01：动词不定式一、单项选择1．（2022·内蒙古呼和浩特·中考真题）Whethersportsmen,sportswomenorvolunteers,peopleusedtheirskillsandwarmth________theBeijing2022WinterOlympicsashiningsuccess.A．make B．making C．made D．tomake【答案】D【解析】句意：无论是男运动员、女运动员还是志愿者，人们都用自己的技能和热情使2022年北京冬奥会取得了辉煌的成功。考查非谓语动词。根据“peopleusedtheirskillsandwarmth…theBeijing2022WinterOlympicsashiningsuccess.”可知，人们用自己的技能和热情的目的是让2022北京冬奥会取得成功，此处为不定式表目的。故选D。2．（2022·上海·中考真题）TheInternetenablesfarmers_______fruitsandvegetablesacrossthecountry.A．sell B．selling C．tosell D．sold【答案】C【解析】句意：互联网使农民能够在全国各地销售水果和蔬菜。考查非谓语动词。固定短语enablesbtodosth“使某人能做某事”。故选C。3．（2022·江苏盐城·中考真题）GoodnewscomesthatChinahassentShenzhouXIVtospace________theunknownworld.A．explore B．explored C．exploring D．toexplore【答案】D【解析】句意：好消息来了，中国已经将神舟十四号发射到太空去探索未知的世界。考查非谓语动词。explore探索，动词原形；explored探索，动词过去式或过去分词；exploring探索，动名词或现在分词；toexplore探索，动词不定式。根据“ChinahassentShenzhouXIVtospace”和“theunknownworld”可知，中国已经将神舟十四号发射到太空，其目的是探索未知的世界，动词不定式表目的。故选D。考点02：动名词4．（2022·广西河池·中考真题）Iusuallyspendtime________inthelibraryonweekends.A．read B．reading C．reads D．toread【答案】B【解析】句意：周末我通常在图书馆看书。本题考查动词spend的用法。“花费时间做某事”的英文表达为“spendtime(in)doing”，所以应选择动名词形式reading。故选B。5．（2022·广西玉林·中考真题）—Safetycomesfirst!Everyoneshouldstopthekidsfrom________inthelakeorriver.—Lifeisvaluable.Kidsmustremember________theschoolrules.A．swim;tofollow B．swim;followingC．swimming;following D．swimming;tofollow【答案】D【解析】句意：——安全第一！每个人都应该阻止孩子们在湖里或河里游泳。——生命是宝贵的。孩子们必须记住遵守校规。考查非谓语动词。stopsb.fromdoingsth.“阻止某人做某事”，动名词作宾语，排除AB；remembertodosth.“记得要做某事”，rememberdoingsth.“记得做过某事”；根据“Kidsmustremember...theschoolrules”可知是记得要遵守规则，故此处用动词不定式作宾语，排除C。故选D。6．（2022·黑龙江绥化·中考真题）Hollyprefersplayingthepianoto________theviolin.Listen!She________thepianoinherroom.A．play;isplaying B．playing;plays C．playing;isplaying【答案】C【解析】句意：霍莉喜欢弹钢琴而不喜欢拉小提琴。听！她正在房间里弹钢琴。考查非谓语及时态。preferdoingtodoing“宁愿做……也不愿做……”，是固定短语，第一空用动名词形式；结合“Listen!”可知，第二空用现在进行时结构，故选C。7．（2022·黑龙江绥化·中考真题）Whatabout________thesongTogetherforaSharedFuture?Itsnameistheslogan(口号)ofBeijing2022OlympicWinterGames.A．sing B．singing C．tosing【答案】B【解析】句意：唱一首《一起向未来》怎么样？歌名就是北京2022年冬奥会的口号。考查动名词作宾语。about是介词，其后加动名词作宾语，构成句型whataboutdoingsth？故选B。8．（2022·贵州黔东南·中考真题）Thereisnodoubt_________HarryPotterisworth_________.A．whether,read B．if;toread C．that;reading D．as;beingread【答案】C【解析】句意：毫无疑问，《哈利波特》值得一读。考查宾语从句。doubt用在否定句中，引导词用that，thereisnodoubtthat“毫无疑问……”，固定句型；beworthdoingsth“值得做某事”，故选C。9．（2022·贵州铜仁·中考真题）—Mr.Chen,mykidissleeping.Wouldyoumind______yourradio?—Sorry.I’lldoitatonce.A．turningdown B．turndown C．turningup D．turnup【答案】A【解析】句意：——陈先生，我的孩子在睡觉。你介意调低你收音机的音量吗？——抱歉，我立刻做。考查非谓语及动词短语。turndown调低（音量）；turnup调高（音量）。根据“mykidissleeping”可知要调低音量，排除C、D；minddoingsth表示“介意做某事”，即mind后用动名词作宾语，故选A。10．（2022·贵州黔东南·中考真题）Anoldman________onthesideoftheroadwasfound________,andhewassenttothehospitalbythebusdriverandpassengersimmediately.A．lies;dies B．lay;died C．lain;dead D．lying;dying【答案】D【解析】句意：一个躺在路边的老人被发现奄奄一息，他被巴士司机和乘客立即送往医院。考查词义辨析。lies说谎，躺；lay躺（过去式）或放置（动词原形）；lain躺（过去分词）；lying躺（现在分词）或说谎（现在分词）。第一空表示“正躺在路边的老人”，用现在分词作定语。dies死亡，动词三单；died死亡，动词过去式；dead死亡的，形容词；dying垂死的，形容词。根据“hewassenttothehospitalbythebusdriverandpassengersimmediately.”可知，还有生命体征，处于垂死边缘，第二空应填形容词dying，故选D。11．（2022·黑龙江·中考真题）IsawLily________whenIpassedherroom.A．dance B．dancing C．todance【答案】B【解析】句意：当我经过她的房间时，我看到莉莉在跳舞。考查非谓语动词。seesb.dosth.“看见某人做了某事”；seesb.doingsth.“看见某人正在做某事”。根据“whenIpassedherroom.”可知，此处是指看到莉莉正在跳舞。故选B。12．（2021·贵州黔西·中考真题）Todaytherearealreadyrobots________intherestaurants.Theyareserving

thepeople.A．works B．worked C．working D．work【答案】C【解析】句意：今天已经有机器人在餐馆里工作了。他们在为人民服务。考查非谓语动词。works动词单三式；worked动词过去式；working现在分词形式；work动词原形。therebesb./sth.doing…“有某人/某物正在做……”，固定用法。故选C。13．（2019·甘肃天水·中考真题）IsawherflowersinthegardenwhenIpassedby.A．towater B．water C．watering D．watered【答案】C【解析】句意：我路过花园时看见她正在花园里浇花。A.towater动词不定式；B.water动词原形；C.watering现在分词；D.watered动词过时式。seesb.dosth.表示看到某人做某事了，强调已经完成的事情，或者表述客观事实。seesb.doingsth表示看到某人正在做某事，强调动词正在进行。结合“whenIpassedby”这一语境，可知“浇水”这一动词发生在路过花园那一时刻，强调动作正在进行，故答案为C。考点03：现在分词14．（2019·贵州铜仁·中考真题）“Look!Thereisaman___Taijineartheriver.”“Wow!It’smyteacher,MrWu.”A．perform B．performs C．performing D．performed【答案】C【解析】句意：看！河边有个人在打太极拳。—哇！他是我的老师，吴老师。考查动词用法。A.perform动词原形；B.performs一般现在时单三形；C.performing现在分词，表示动作正在进行；D.performed过去式，表示一般过去时。可根据前面提示语look看，可知是正在发生动作，用现在分词，故选C。考点04：过去分词15．（2022·贵州铜仁·中考真题）—Doyouknowtherearemorethan3,000languages______intheworld?—Sorry,Ihavenoidea.A．speaking B．spoken C．speak D．spoke【答案】B【解析】句意：——你知道世界上有3000多种语言吗？——抱歉，我不知道。考查非谓语动词。languages与动词speak之间是被动关系，故此空应填过去分词作定语，故选B。16．（2018·湖北鄂州·中考真题）—Whatareonshowinthelibrary?—Somephotos________ontheGreatWall.A．aretaken B．taken C．aretaking D．weretaken【答案】B【解析】句意：——图书馆展出什么？——一些在长城上拍的照片。考查非谓语。分析句子结构可知，句子是省略句，答语省略了be动词和表语(areonshow)，而photos与take是被动关系，所以此处应用过去分词做定语，表示被动的意义。故选B。二、用所给单词的正确形式填空17．（2022·江苏淮安·中考真题）MissGaoispreparingatalkonhow_________(solve)teenagerproblems.【答案】tosolve【解析】句意：高老师正在准备一个关于如何解决青少年问题的报告。此处用“疑问词+不定式”结构作宾语，故填tosolve。18．（2022·上海·中考真题）Thejournalisthopedto_________thebraveactofthefireman.（reporter）【答案】report【解析】句意：新闻记者希望报道消防员的勇敢行为。reporter“记者”，名词。hopetodosth.“希望做某事”，故空格处用动词原形report“报道”。故填report。19．（2022·内蒙古包头·中考真题）Iremember__________mykeyintomybag,butnowit’snotthere!（put）【答案】putting【解析】句意：我记得我把钥匙放进包里了，但现在不见了！rememberdoingsth.“记得做过某事”，remembertodosth.“记得去做某事”，根据“butnowit’snotthere”可知，此处强调已经做过，故填putting。20．（2020·四川广元·中考真题）It's________(believe)thatHuoshenshanHospitalwassetupinWuhaninjust10days.【答案】believed【解析】句意：众所周知火神山医院在武汉只花了10天建成。it是形式主语，真正的主语是that引导的从句，此处用过去分词believed作表语，表示“被大家认为，被大家知道”。故答案为believed。三、完成句子21．（2022·江苏淮安·中考真题）尽管筋疲力尽，他还是决定尽快动身前往机场。Thoughhewas_________________,hedecided_________________theairportassoonaspossible.【答案】

tiredout

toleavefor【解析】筋疲力尽：betiredout；决定做某事：decidetodosth；前往：leavefor，故填tiredout；toleavefor。22．（2022·山东枣庄·中考真题）ThespiritofclimbersshowsmethatIshouldnevergiveuptryingto_________my_________.登山者的精神向我表明我不应该放弃对实现自己梦想的努力。【答案】

achieve##realize

dream##dreams【解析】根据中英文对照可知，第一空应填“实现”，achieve/realize“实现”，是动词，空前有不定式符号to，动词用原形；第二空应填“梦想”，dream“梦想”，可数名词，此处可以用单数或复数。故填achieve/realize；dream(s)。23．（2022·内蒙古通辽·中考真题）温故而知新。_________thenewwhile__________theold.【答案】

Learn

reviewing【解析】“温故而知新”意为“学习新的，复习旧的”；learn“学习”，动词原形置于句首表祈使语气，首字母大写；review“复习”，while后省略了“主语+be动词”，review用其现在分词形式。故填Learn；reviewing。24．（2018·湖北十堰·中考真题）戴眼镜的那位女老师中等身材。Thewomanteacher__________________isofmediumbuild.【答案】withglasses/wearingglasses/whoiswearing(wears)glasses【解析】“戴眼镜”可译为withglasses/wearglasses。句中已有谓语，主语“Thewomanteacher”与动词wear之间有逻辑上的主动关系，可用现在分词wearing作状语；也可用定语从句whoiswearing(wears)glasses修饰先行词“Thewomanteacher”。故填withglasses/wearingglasses/whoiswearing(wears)glasses。四、根据首字母填空25．（2021·四川成都·中考真题）Alargeshipbrokedownintheriver,l_________atleast100bigshipsunabletopass.【答案】(l)eaving【解析】句意：一艘大船在河中抛锚，造成至少100艘大船无法通过。此空用现在分词作结果状语，后接船抛锚导致的结果，leave表示“留下”。故填(l)eaving。五、根据汉语提示填空26．（2022·江苏盐城·中考真题）Thetemperaturebeginsto________（上升）whenspringcomes.【答案】rise【解析】句意：春天来了，气温开始上升。根据“beginsto”可知，空格处应用动词原形，结合“Thetemperature”可知，表示温度“上升”，应用动词rise。故填rise。27．（2022·江苏镇江·中考真题）Sorry,hamburgersinourshophavebeensoldout.Doyoumind_______(取消)yourorder?【答案】cancelling##canceling【解析】句意：对不起，我们店里的汉堡包已经卖完了。你介意取消订单吗？cancel“取消”，是动词，固定短语minddoingsth“介意做某事”，故填cancelling/canceling。28．（2022·湖北襄阳·中考真题）—Ourhomeworkhaschangedthisterm,andwe______________(更喜欢做老师们准备的有创意的作业来提升自己).(prefer)—Yes,it’salsoachallengefortheteachers.【答案】prefertodocreativehomeworkpreparedbyteacherstoimproveourselves【解析】句意：——这学期我们的家庭作业发生了变化，我们更喜欢做老师们准备的有创意的作业来提升自己。——是的，这对教师来说也是一个挑战。prefertodosth“更喜欢做某事”；creativehomework“有创意的作业”；preparedbyteachers“老师准备的”，是过去分词作后置定语；toimproveourselves“提高我们自己”，是动词不定式作目的状语。故填prefertodocreativehomeworkpreparedbyteacherstoimproveourselves。29．（2017·江苏连云港·中考真题）Ourgovernmenthasdonealottoprotecttheenvironment.Lotsof________(被污染的)riversaremuchcleanernow.【答案】polluted【解析】句意：我们的政府已经做了很多来保护环境。许多被污染的河流现在干净多了。polluted表示“被污染的”，过去分词作定语修饰名词rivers，故填polluted。六、同义句转化30．（2022·上海·中考真题）Afterhearingthenews,Tomwassoexcitedthathecouldn’tfallasleep.（保持句意基本不变）Afterhearingthenews.Tomwas_________excited_________fallasleep.【答案】

too

to【解析】句意：听到这个消息后，汤姆激动得无法入睡。so...that“如此……以致于”引导结果状语从句，可以和too...to“太……以致于不能”互换。故填too；to。七、改写句子31．（2022·上海·中考真题）Thechildrenarediscussingwhattheyaregoingtodothisweekend.（改为简单句）Thechildrenarediscussing__________________dothisweekend.【答案】

what

to【解析】句意：孩子们正在讨论他们这个周末要做什么。原句是宾语从句，此处可以用“疑问词+动词不定式”结构，what是疑问词，故填what；to。八、将所给单词连成句子32．（2022·上海·中考真题）thetask,

promisedto,

finish,

assoonaspossible,

theengineer（连词成句）___________________________________________________________.【答案】Theengineerpromisedtofinishthetaskassoonaspossible【解析】根据所给标点“.”可知，句子为陈述句。theengineer作主语，promisedtofinish为谓语，thetask为宾语，assoonaspossible作状语。句子为一般过去时，且the位于句首首字母应大写。故答案为Theengineerpromisedtofinishthetaskassoonaspossible“工程师答应尽快完成任务”。33．（2022·广西柳州·中考真题）achance,gave,lying,inthesky,shining,us,bytheriver,onthegrass,thestars,camping,to,of,lookat（在河边露营给了我们躺在草地上看星星在天空闪耀的机会。）_________________________________________________.【答案】Campingbytherivergaveusachanceoflyingonthegrasstolookatthestarsshininginthesky【解析】根据所给的词可知本题为陈述句，且为一般过去时态。Campingbytheriver“在河边露营”是主语，动名词作主语；谓语动词是gave，us和achance作give的双宾语，achanceofdoing“做某事的机会”，tolookattheshiningstarsinthesky作目的状语，放在句末。故填Campingbytherivergaveusachanceoflyingonthegrasstolookatthestarsshininginthesky“在河边露营给了我们躺在草地上看星星在天空闪耀的机会”。34．（2022·广西柳州·中考真题）they,with,taken,think,so,theastronaut,deeplyloved,it,aphoto,have,exciting,to,bypeople（他们认为与那位深受人们喜爱的宇航员一起拍照是如此令人激动。）________