专题14 航空航天与神舟系列

2024年中考英语新热点时文阅读-航空航天与神舟系列题型主要内容1完形填空介绍了神州十七号的宇航员，主要讲述了其中的江新林成为宇航员的历程。2完形填空由学生学习英语的不如意引出宇航员邓清明的故事。3阅读理解在10月12日，“太空教师”陈冬在中国空间站给广大青少年上太空科普课的事情。4阅读理解介绍了宇航员邓清明的事迹和经历。5阅读理解介绍了中国首次火星探测任务工程总设计师张荣桥被英国《自然》杂志评选为影响2021年科学事件的十位人物之一，并对他进行了简要介绍。6阅读理解讲述了中国计划在2030年前将宇航员送上月球，并介绍了中国自己建立太空站的原因。7短文填空介绍了中国航天员邓清明的故事。01（2023上·江苏盐城·九年级统考期中）TheShenzhouXVIIastronautsstartedtheirspacemission(任务)onOct26.Theirspaceship1fromtheJiuquanSatelliteLaunchCenter.Onthespaceshipare2astronauts:TangHongbo,48;TangShengjie,33;andJiangXinlin,35.TheirspaceshipthenjoinedwiththeTiangongspacestation.Theywilldosciencestudiesandtestsinspace,3spacewalks.TheShenzhouXVIIteam,onaverage(平均地),hasthespacestation’syoungestastronauts.OneoftheastronautsJiangXinlinisfromHenan.Bothofhisparentsare4.Theydidn’tknowtheirsonwasanastronaut5Oct26.Theyfeltvery6oftheirsonandwatchedthenewsliveonTVwiththeirneighborsandrelatives.Jianghastwosistersandabrother,theyliveda7lifewhenhewasyoung.Theirfamilycouldonlymakealivingbygrowingcropsandraisingsheepinasmallvillage.JiangXinlinhadtoworkto8hisfamilywhenhewasonlyfifteenyearsold.Althoughitwastiringandhardthattime,henever9.Hekeptonstudyingafterworkeveryday.Later,hisbrothergaveupstudyandfoundworktosupporttheirstudy.Thishard10madehimunforgettable,butalsolethimdeeplyunderstandthatonlystudyingcan11abetterfuture.Afterattendingjuniorhighschool,JiangXinlinstudiedevenharderand12amilitaryacademywhenhegraduated.Heworkedasapilot13abouttenyearsandbecameanastronautin2020.Asanastronaut,youshouldnotonlyhaveastrongbody,butalsomuchprofessionalknowledge.JiangXinlinpractisednecessaryskillsinthedaytimeandlearnedknowledgeintheevening.Atlast,hewas14astheShenzhouXVIIastronaut.15hardwork,JiangXinlinprovesthatifwekeepworkinghardandnevergiveup,wecansurelymakeourdreamscometrue.1．A．gaveoff B．putoff C．tookoff D．gotoff2．A．one B．two C．three D．four3．A．asgoodas B．aswellas C．assoonas D．aslongas4．A．doctors B．astronauts C．farmers D．students5．A．until B．since C．after D．when6．A．patient B．popular C．perfect D．proud7．A．rich B．poor C．happy D．cheerful8．A．support B．suppose C．survive D．suggest9．A．putup B．gaveup C．turnedup D．gotup10．A．education B．example C．experience D．environment11．A．talkto B．replyto C．belongto D．leadto12．A．ended B．enjoyed C．entered D．expected13．A．in B．with C．to D．for14．A．chosen B．changed C．checked D．cheered15．A．Though B．Through C．Thought D．Although02（2023上·辽宁锦州·九年级统考期中）SomestudentsoftenhavetroublelearningEnglish.Theysaythe16takesuptoomuchoftheirtime.Theyhavetoreadmanypassages,17newwordsinthedictionaryanddolotsofexercises.Eventhoughtheyworkhard,theystillcannotgetgoodgradesontests.“18?”,theyask.“HowcanIenjoysuccess?”ThestoryofChineseastronautDengQingmingmighthelptoanswer19questions.Dengwaschosenasanastronauttrainee（实习生）in1998.Thatwaslongago—youreadershadn’tevenbeenbornyet.Sincethatday,hehadspentalmostallofhistimetraininghardtobecome20.Overtheyears,Denghasseenhisfellowtraineesgointospaceoneafteranother.He,however,wasalwaysabackup（后备人员）.Heoftenfeltsad.Sometimes,heeven21.Dengstilltrieshisbestforthedream.22heisnowinhisfifties,hekeepstraininghard.“Imustbereadywheneverthechancecomestome.”Heoncesaid.Finally,onthenightofNovember29,2022,heandtwootherastronautsboardedtheShenzhou15aircraftandflewintospace.Denghadwaited24yearsforthatverymoment.So,ifyouwanttogiveup23English（orsomethingelse）,thinkaboutDeng’sstory.Youreffortsmightnotsucceedatonce.Butbe24,trytoimproveyourmethodsandkeepgoing.Youprobablywon’thavetowaitmanyyearsforthatmoment25Deng.Oneday,successwillknockatyourdoor.16．A．subject B．country C．book D．writer17．A．lookat B．lookafter C．lookup D．lookfor18．A．Where B．When C．What D．Why19．A．your B．their C．our D．its20．A．ateacher B．anartist C．anastronaut D．anengineer21．A．cried B．laughed C．danced D．ran22．A．But B．Although C．Unless D．If23．A．learn B．tolearn C．learned D．learning24．A．popular B．polite C．patient D．wide25．A．with B．for C．to D．like03（2023上·江苏南通·九年级统考期中）“Welcometoournew‘classroom’!”saidChenDong,oneofthethreeastronautsoftheShenzhouXIVmission.Theyweregivingascienceclass400kilometersaboveEarthonOctober12.ItwasthethirdspaceclassfromtheTiangongspacestation,butthefirstonefromtheWentianlabmodule(实验舱)sinceitslaunchinJuly.TheformertwoclasseswereheldintheTianhecoremodule(核心舱).Whatdoesthenew“classroom”looklike?Chen,togetherwithLiuYangandCaiXuzhe,showedusaround.“ThebedsintheTianhemoduleareplacedhorizontally(横着),whileourbedsarekeptupright,”saidLiu.ThatmeansastronautsintheWentianlabmoduleneedtosleepstandingup!ButasLiuexplained,peopledon’tfeelanydifferencebecausethere’snogravity(重力)inspace.Astronautscanevensleepontheceilingorupsidedown!Theastronautsalsoshowedtheir“spacefarm”,wherelettuce,wheat,thalecress(拟南芥)andricearegrown.“Takeapicture!”“Sendthepicture!”Throughavoice-controlledcamera,ChenalreadysentapictureofthethalecresstoscientistsonEarth.Thenheusedscissorstocutasample(样本).“I’llputitintoafridgeat-80℃andlatergiveittoscientistsonEarth,”saidChen.Scientistswillstudyhowtheenvironmentofspaceaffectsthegrowthofplants.“Canyouseethewaterdropscomingfromtheleaves?Thisiscalled‘guttation’(植物吐水现象),”saidLiu,holdingthewell-grownrice.Inspace,thewaterdropsaremuchbiggerthanthoseonEarth.Sopeoplecanclearlyseetheguttation.“Wehopeinthenearfuture,wecanharvestthefoodgrownonourown,”saidChen.“Maybeoneday,wecanharvestfoodontheotherplanetslikethemoonorevenMars!”26．HowdoastronautsintheWentianmodulesleep?A． B． C． D．27．HowdoscientistsonEarthstudytheplantsinthespacestation?A．Bygrowingtheplantsinspacethemselves.B．Bytakingandcollectingpicturesthemselves.C．Bystudyingthesamplesastronautsbringback.D．Bywatchingthemthroughreal-time(实时)videocameras.28．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“it”inPara.4referto?A．Apicture. B．Apackofrice.C．Apieceoflettuce. D．Apieceofthalecress.29．Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?A．Farmerscangetcropsonthemoonsoon.B．“Guttation”canbeseenfromleavesofrice.C．ScientistswilltrytogrowfoodonthemoonorevenMars.D．Lettuce,wheat,thalecresswillbegrownonotherplanets,too.04（2023上·广东广州·九年级广州开发区中学校考期中）ShenzhouXVcrewmembers(全体机组成员)setoutontheirjourneytoTiangongspacestationonNov.29,2022.Afterservingasabackup(后备人员)crewmemberfor24years,ChineseastronautDengQingming’sdreamhasfinallycometrue.Thestorymovedmanypeople,andhewascalleda“hiddenhero”.Borninafarmingfamilyin1966,Denghasfouryoungerbrothersandsisters.Asastudent,DengjoinedthePLAAirForceinJune,1984andstartedtrainingasapilotatafightcollegeinHebeiprovince.In1996,DengbegantotakepartinthePLAAirForce’sselection(选拔)ofastronautsandwasfinallyselectedwithanother13pilots.The14pilotsbecamethefirstChineseastronautsinJanuary,1998.However,Dengisthelastoneofthemtobesentintospace.“Beingabackupdoesn’tmeanyoudon’tneedtowork.ImustwatchcloselyinthecontrolcenterandofferallIknowaboutthemission(任务)andthespaceshipincaseofemergency,”Dengsaidduringaninterview.“MymissionwillbecompleteonlywhenthecrewreturnstoEarth.”WhentrainingforShenzhouXImission,Denghadtostayinaspacecraftsimulator(模拟器)nobiggerthan10squaremetersfor33days.Hehadnoshowers,onlyatespacefoodandputupwithloudnoisesandbrightlightashetriedtosleep.Nomatterhowdifficulttheroadtospaceflightis,Dengneveroncethoughtofgivingup.“Beacreworabackup,itisthejob.Andthesuccessofthemissioncomesbeforemypersonalwishes,”Dengoncesaid.30．Accordingtothefirsttwoparagraphs,Deng________.A．servedasabackupin1996 B．wastheyoungestinhisfamilyC．achievedhisdreamattheageof56 D．becameanastronautwhenhewas3531．WhatcanwelearnfromDeng’swordsinParagraph3?A．It’shardtobeabackupcrewmember.B．Ittakesalongtimetofinishaspacemission.C．Everycrewmemberknowsthespacemissionwell.D．Abackupplaysanimportantroleinthespacemission.32．WhydoesthewritermentionthetrainingforShenzhouXImission?A．Toshowwhatspacecraftsimulatorslooklike.B．Toshowwhattheastronaut’sdailylifeislike.C．Toshowhowhardthetrainingofastronautsis.D．ToshowhowfastChina’sspaceindustryisdeveloping.33．Whichcolumn(栏目)ofawebsitedoesthepassagemostprobablycomefrom?A．/powerB．/musicC．/animalsD．/people05（2022上·安徽六安·九年级校考期末）ZhangRongqiao,chief(总的)designerofChina’sTianwen1Marsmission(任务),wasnamedonThursday,December16,bythetopscientificjournal(杂志)Natureasoneofthe10people“whomattered(重大影响)inscience”in2021.Theannuallist(年度榜单),publishedonthejournal’swebsite,saidthatZhangisanengineerwholed“China’sfirstsuccessfulMarsmission,whichreachedtheplanetthisyear”.LaunchedonJuly23,2020fromtheWenchangSpaceLaunch(发射)CenterinHainanProvince,theTianwen1roboticprobe(探测器),namedafteranancientChinesepoem,traveledatotalof475millionkilometersbeforeenteringMartianorbit(轨道)onFebruary10.Aftermorethanthreemonthsofpreparations,alandingcapsule(舱)releasedbytheprobe(被探测器释放的)finallytoucheddownontheplanetonMay15,makingChinathesecondcountry,aftertheUnitedStates,tohavesuccessfullyconductedalandingonthesurfaceofMars.Inacongratulatoryletterafterthelanding,PresidentXiJinpingsaidthattheTianwen1missionhadleftthenation’sfirstmarkonMars!BorninMarch1966inQimenCounty,AnhuiProvince,ZhangstudiedatlocalschoolsuntilhewenttoXidianUniversityinShaanxiProvincein1982.In1988,hereceivedabachelor’sdegree(学士学位)andwasadmitted(录取)asapostgraduatestudentbytheChinaAcademyofSpaceTechnology(空间技术研究院)inBeijing.In2004,hewasnamedchiefengineeroftheLunarExplorationCenterandhasworkedtheresincethen.ZhanghasalsotakenpartinChina’slunarexplorationandhigh-resolutionEarthobservation(观察)satelliteprograms.34．ThelandingcapsuleofTianwen1landedonMars________.A．onJuly23,2020 B．onFebruary10,2020C．onMay15,2021 D．onDecember16,202135．Theunderlinedword“congratulatory”inthepassagemeans“________”.A．邀请的 B．介绍的 C．慰问的 D．恭贺的36．WhichistherightorderofthefollowingstatementsaboutZhangRongqiao?a.Hewasnamedasoneofthe10people“whomatteredinscience”.b.HebecameauniversitystudentinShaanxiProvince.c.HewasnamedchiefengineeroftheLunarExplorationCenter.d.HewasadmittedasapostgraduatestudentinBeijing.A．a,d,b,c B．b,d,c,a C．c,b,a,d D．d,a,c,b37．Thepassageismainlyabout________.A．chiefdesignerofChina’sTianwen1MarsmissionB．theTianwen1MarsmissionC．thetopscientificjournalD．10people“whomatteredinscience”in202106（2023上·广东深圳·九年级统考期中）JIUQUANSATELLITELAUNCHCENTER,ChinaChinasendsoffitsyoungest-everteamforitsspacestationonThursday.Itispartofthecountry’splantoputastronautsonthemoonbefore2030.TheChinaMannedSpaceAgencysaidtheaverage（平均的）ageofthethree﹣memberteamistheyoungestsincethelaunchofthespacestation.Theiraverageageis38,statemediaChinaDailysaid.ThethreeastronautsareTangHongbo,andJiangXinlin.Theywillreplaceateamthathasbeenonthestationforsixmonths.Thenewteamwillperformexperimentsinspacemedicine,spacetechnology（设备）insideandoutsidethestation.In2022,theChinesegovernmentbuiltitsownspacestationafteritwasnotpermittedtojointheU.S.ledInternationalSpaceStation.TheAmericansworriedthattheChinesespaceprogramwasunderthecontrolofthePeople’sLiberationArmy.

China’sfirstmannedspacemission（任务）in2003madeitthethirdcountryaftertheformerSovietUnionandtheU.S.toputapersonintospaceusingitsownresources.AlthoughtheAmericanspaceprogramisbelievedtobefaraheadofChinaatthistime,Chinahasmadesomeimportantsteps.Theyincludebringingbacksamples（样本）fromthemoon’ssurfaceforthefirsttimeandlandingavehicle（运载工具）,meanwhile,aimstoputastronautsbackonthemoon’ssurfacebytheendof2025.Inadditiontotheirmoonprograms,thetwocountrieshavealsoindependently（独立地）landedvehiclesonMars.AndChinaplanstofollowtheU.S.inlandingaspacecraftonanasteroid（行星）.38．WhendoesChinaplantoputastronautsonthemoon?A．Before2030. B．Before2025. C．Before2040. D．Before2050.39．Whatcanwelearnaboutthethreeastronauts?A．Theystayedatthestationforsixmonths.B．Theywilldoexperimentsindifferentareas.C．Theyaretheyoungestastronautsattheageof38.D．Theywillusetheequipmenttorepairthestation.40．WhydidChinabuilditsownspacestation?A．ChinawascontrolledbytheAmericanspaceprogram.B．ChinawantedtochallengetheUSinspaceexploration.C．ChinawantedtohavecontroloverAmericanspaceprogram.D．ChinawasnotallowedtojointheInternationalSpaceStation.41．WhichisthemainideaofParagraph5?A．Chinalandsavehicleonthefarsideofthemoon.B．Chinabringsbacksamplesfromthemoon’ssurface.C．Chinahastakenimportantstepsinspaceexploration.D．Chinaputastronautsonthemoon’ssurfacebefore2030.42．WhathaveboththeU.S.andChinaachievedintheirspaceprograms?A．TheylandedvehiclesonMarsindependently.B．TheybuiltajointInternationalSpaceStation.C．Theylandedaspacecraftonanasteroid.D．Theylaunchedtheirfirstmannedspacemissions.07（2023上·四川达州·九年级四川省渠县中学校考期中）语法填空根据短文内容，用括号内所给词的正确时态或形式填空，使短文完整。DengQingmingisoneofthethreeChineseastronautscarryingoutChina’sShenzhou-15spaceshipmission.He43(final)gotthechancetogotospaceafternearly25yearsofpreparation.DengwasborninavillageinJiangxiProvincein1966.Ashisparentsbothworkedinthefields,hehadtolookafterhisyoungerbrothersandsisters.Atthattime,hisdreamwastogotocollegeandfindajob44(support)hisfamily.Deng45amemberofthePLAAirForce(空军)since1984.Whenhelefthisvillagethatyear,hisfriendscametosaygoodbyetohim.Hewasdeeplytouchedanddecidedtoworkhard.Yearsofhard46(train)madehimanexcellentpilot,andhewaschosenasoneofthe47(one)groupofChineseastronautsin1998.Foralongtime,Dengservedasabackup(后备)astronaut.Hisroadtospacewas48(long)thanthatofhisteammates.Hespentalmostallofhistimepreparingandwaitingandhe49(give)thechancetotraveltospaceintheend.Besidesthat,Deng’swifesupportedhimalot.Shetookcareofthewholefamilyandnevercomplained.“You’veset50exampletoourdaughterandweareproudofyou,”shetoldhim.Afteralongwait,he51(fly)intospacebyShenzhou-15spaceshipinNovember2022atlast.Twenty-fiveyearswasquitealongtime,butDengnevergaveup.52thenationneedshim,heisalwayswaitingthere,readytotakeonanychallenge.

参考答案：1．C2．C3．B4．C5．A6．D7．B8．A9．B10．C11．D12．C13．D14．A15．B【导语】本文介绍了神州十七号的宇航员，主要讲述了其中的江新林成为宇航员的历程。1．句意：他们的宇宙飞船从酒泉卫星发射中心起飞。gaveoff散发；putoff推迟；tookoff起飞；gotoff下车。根据“Theirspaceship...fromtheJiuquanSatelliteLaunchCenter.”可知，宇宙飞船起飞。故选C。2．句意：飞船上有三名宇航员：汤洪波，48岁；唐胜杰，33岁；江新林，35岁。one一；two二；three三；four四。根据“TangHongbo,48;TangShengjie,33;andJiangXinlin,35”可知，共有三名宇航员。故选C。3．句意：他们将在太空进行科学研究和测试，以及太空行走。asgoodas和……一样好；aswellas和，以及；assoonas一……就……；aslongas只要，和……一样长。根据“Theywilldosciencestudiesandtestsinspace,...spacewalks.”可知，科学研究、测试和太空行走是并列关系，用aswellas。故选B。4．句意：他的父母都是农民。doctors医生；astronauts宇航员；farmers农民；students学生。根据下文“Theirfamilycouldonlymakealivingbygrowingcropsandraisingsheepinasmallvillage.”可知，江新林的父母都是农民。故选C。5．句意：直到10月26号，他们才知道他们的儿子是一名宇航员。until直到；since自从；after在……之后；when当……之时。根据“Theydidn’tknowtheirsonwasanastronaut...Oct26.”可知，此处是not...until“直到……才”，表示直到10月26号才知道儿子是宇航员。故选A。6．句意：他们为自己的儿子感到自豪，并与邻居和亲戚一起观看了电视上的新闻直播。patient有耐心的；popular流行的；perfect完美的；proud自豪的。根据“Theydidn’tknowtheirsonwasanastronaut...”可知，儿子是一名宇航员，应是为他感到自豪。故选D。7．句意：江新林有两个姐姐和一个哥哥，他们小时候过着贫穷的生活。rich富有的；poor贫穷的；happy开心的；cheerful欢快的。根据下文“Theirfamilycouldonlymakealivingbygrowingcropsandraisingsheepinasmallvillage.JiangXinlinhadtoworkto...hisfamilywhenhewasonlyfifteenyearsold.Althoughitwastiringandhardthattime,”可知，江新林一家只能在小村庄里靠种庄稼和放羊为生，而江新林在15岁时则不得不去工作，那时候很累也很辛苦。由此可知，江新林小的时候过着贫穷的生活。故选B。8．句意：江新林才15岁的时候就不得不打工养家。support支持，供养；suppose猜想；survive幸存；suggest建议。根据“Theirfamilycouldonlymakealivingbygrowingcropsandraisingsheepinasmallvillage.JiangXinlinhadtoworkto...hisfamilywhenhewasonlyfifteenyearsold.”可知，江新林一家只能在小村庄里靠种庄稼和放羊为生，所以虽然才15岁，他已不得不去工作养家了。故选A。9．句意：虽然那段时间很累也很辛苦，但他从未放弃。putup举起，搭建；gaveup放弃；turnedup出现，调高（音量）；gotup起床。根据“Althoughitwastiringandhardthattime,henever...”可知，although引导让步状语从句，此处应是表示虽然那时很辛苦很累，但从未放弃。故选B。10．句意：这段艰难的经历使他难以忘怀。education教育；example例子；experience经历；environment环境。根据上文“Later,hisbrothergaveupstudyandfoundworktosupporttheirstudy.”可知，应是“哥哥放弃了他自己的学习，找了份工作来供他们学习”这段经历使江新林难以忘怀。故选C。11．句意：但也使他深刻地明白，只有学习才能通往更好的未来。talkto与……交谈；replyto回复；belongto属于；leadto导致，通往。根据“onlystudyingcan...abetterfuture”可知，只有学习才能通往更好的未来。故选D。12．句意：初中毕业后，江新林更加努力学习，毕业后进入了军校。ended结束；enjoyed享受；entered进入；expected期待。根据“...amilitaryacademywhenhegraduated”可知，应是毕业后进入了一所军校。故选C。13．句意：他做了约十年的飞行员，并于2020年成为一名宇航员。in在……里面；with和；to朝，到某处；for为了，达（表示一段时间）。根据“...abouttenyears”可知，空后是一段时间，空处应用介词for。故选D。14．句意：最后，他被选为神州十七号宇航员。chosen选择；changed改变；checked检查；cheered欢呼。根据“hewas...astheShenzhouXVIIastronaut”可知，此处表示江新林被选为神州十七号的宇航员，bechosenas“被选为”。故选A。15．句意：通过努力，江新林证明了如果我们坚持不懈，永不放弃，我们一定可以让我们的梦想成真。Though虽然（连词）；Through凭借，通过（介词）；Thought认为（动词），想法（名词）；Although虽然（连词）。根据“...hardwork,JiangXinlinprovesthatifwekeepworkinghardandnevergiveup,wecansurelymakeourdreamscometrue.”可知，空后是名词词组hardwork，空处应填入介词through，表示江新林凭借自己的努力，证明了“如果坚持不懈，永不放弃，梦想会实现的”。故选B。16．A17．C18．D19．B20．C21．A22．B23．D24．C25．D【导语】本文由学生学习英语的不如意引出宇航员邓清明的故事。16．句意：他们说这门课占用了他们太多的时间。subject学科；country国家；book书本；writer作家。根据“SomestudentsoftenhavetroublelearningEnglish”可知是指英语这门学科，故选A。17．句意：他们要读很多文章，在字典里查新词，做很多练习。lookat看；lookafter照顾；lookup查阅；lookfor寻找。根据“newwordsinthedictionary”可知是指查字典，故选C。18．句意：为什么？Where哪里；When什么时候；What什么；Why为什么。根据“Eventhoughtheyworkhard,theystillcannotgetgoodgradesontests”可知即使很多学生努力学习，他们仍然不能在考试中取得好成绩，所以很疑惑原因，故选D。19．句意：中国宇航员邓清明的故事或许有助于回答这些问题。your你们的；their他们的；our我们的；its它的。此处是指学生们的问题，应用their，故选B。20．句意：从那天起，他几乎把所有的时间都用来刻苦训练，以成为一名宇航员。ateacher一个老师；anartist一个艺术家；anastronaut一个宇航员；anengineer一名工程师。根据“Denghasseenhisfellowtraineesgointospaceoneafteranother”可知是指为成为宇航员而训练，故选C。21．句意：有时，他甚至哭了。cried哭泣；laughed笑；danced跳舞；ran跑步。根据“Heoftenfeltsad”可知他经常很伤心，所以有时甚至还哭了，故选A。22．句意：虽然他现在已经五十多岁了，但他仍然努力训练。But但是；Although尽管；Unless除非；If如果。根据“heisnowinhisfifties,hekeepstraininghard”可知前后是转折让步关系，应用although引导让步状语从句，故选B。23．句意：所以，如果你想放弃学习英语（或其他什么），不妨想想邓的故事。learn学习，动词原形；tolearn动词不定式；learned动词过去式；learning动名词。giveupdoingsth.“放弃做某事”。故选D。24．句意：但是要有耐心，试着改进你的方法并坚持下去。popular受欢迎的；polite礼貌的；patient耐心的；wide宽的。根据“Youreffortsmightnotsucceedatonce.”可知你的努力可能不会马上成功，但是要有耐心。故选C。25．句意：你可能不需要像邓那样等很多年才能等到那一刻。with和；for为了；to到；like像。根据“Youprobablywon’thavetowaitmanyyearsforthatmoment...Deng.Oneday,successwillknockatyourdoor”可知你要有耐心，此处指可能不会像邓那样等待很多年。故选D。26．C27．C28．D29．C【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了在10月12日，“太空教师”陈冬在中国空间站给广大青少年上太空科普课的事情。26．细节理解题。根据“ThatmeansastronautsintheWentianlabmoduleneedtosleepstandingup!”可知，航天员在问天实验舱需要站着睡觉，选项C图片符合描述。故选C。27．细节理解题。根据“I’llputitintoafridge...howtheenvironmentofspaceaffectsthegrowthofplants.”可知，航天员会将样品放进冰箱然后交给地球上的科学家，所以科学家是通过航天员带回来的样品来研究太空植物的。故选C。28．词句猜测题。根据“Throughavoice-controlledcamera,ChenalreadysentapictureofthethalecresstoscientistsonEarth.Thenheusedscissorstocutasample(样本).”可知，这里指剪下一片拟南芥作为样品送到地球，因此“it”指代“一片拟南芥”，故选D。29．推理判断题。根据“Maybeoneday,wecanharvestfoodontheotherplanetslikethemoonorevenMars!”可知，或许有一天，科学家们将尝试在月球或火星等其他星球上种植植物。故选C。30．C31．D32．C33．D【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了宇航员邓清明的事迹和经历。30．推理判断题。根据“ShenzhouXVcrewmemberssetoutontheirjourneytoTiangongspacestationonNov.29,2022.Afterservingasabackupcrewmemberfor24years,ChineseastronautDengQingming’sdreamhasfinallycometrue”可知邓清明在2022年实现了梦想，而由“Borninafarmingfamilyin1966”可知他出生在1966年，所以判断他在56岁实现了他的梦想，故选C。31．主旨大意题。根据第三段可知此段讲述了邓清明在作为后备宇航员期间的工作情况，由此可以看出作为后备宇航员在太空任务的完成中起着重要作用，故选D。32．推理判断题。根据“WhentrainingforShenzhouXImission,Denghadtostayinaspacecraftsimulatornobiggerthan10squaremetersfor33days.Hehadnoshowers,onlyatespacefoodandputupwithloudnoisesandbrightlightashetriedtosleep”可知在执行神舟十一号任务的训练中，邓清明被关在一个不超过10平方米的航天器模拟器中长达33天。他没有淋浴，在试图入睡时忍受着巨大的噪音和刺眼的光，所以判断作者此处想表明宇航员训练的不容易，故选C。33．推理判断题。根据全文可知文章介绍了宇航员邓清明的事迹和经历，所以推断本文最可能来自《中国日报》的人物专栏，故选D。34．C35．D36．B37．A【导语】本文主要介绍了中国首次火星探测任务工程总设计师张荣桥被英国《自然》杂志评选为影响2021年科学事件的十位人物之一，并对他进行了简要介绍。34．细节理解题。根据“alandingcapsulereleasedbytheprobefinallytoucheddownontheplanetonMay15”可知，“天问一号”的着陆舱在火星上着陆是在2021年5月15日。故选C。35．词句猜测题。根据“afterthelanding”可知，在着陆之后应该是恭贺信。故选D。36．细节理解题。根据“ZhangRongq