Unit4NaturalDisastersLanguagepoints课件高中英语人教版

Unit4Languagepoints1.Inlessthanoneminute,alargecitylayinruins.ruinn.破坏；毁坏be/lieinruins

成为废墟come/fallintoruin

毁灭，灭亡；衰落bereducedtoruins

沦为废墟ruinvt.毁坏，破坏，糟蹋；使破产（或失去地位等）ruinone'shealth/fame/future

毁坏某人的健康/名誉/前途ruinoneself

自我毁灭【即学即练】1.He____________________throughdrinkingwhenhewasyoung.他年轻时喝酒毁了他的健康。2.Alargenumberofchurchesfell________ruinafterthebigflood.3.Onreturningtothetown,theywereshockedtofindtheirneighborhood_____________.当他们回到镇上时,他们震惊地发现他们家附近成了废墟。inruinsruinedhishealthinto2.Peoplewereinshock—andthen,laterthatafternoon,anotherbigquakeshookTangshanagain.shockn.震惊；休克；令人震惊的事

inshock震惊；吃惊givesb.ashock

使某人震惊...comeasashock(tosb.)......让（某人）非常震惊cultureshock文化冲击

shockvt.使震惊【词汇拓展】shockedadj.震惊的，愤慨的

shockingadj.

令人震惊的，骇人听闻的

beshockedat/by

对......吃惊beshockedtodosth.

做某事很震惊

【即学即练】(1)________hisshock,hishousewasburnedwhenhearrivedhome.(2)Iwasshocked______thissuddenchangeintheirattitude.(3)Itis________(shock)

thattheaccidentcausedfortydeaths.(4)Shewas___________(震惊地)forabouttwoweeksaftertheaccident.inshockToat/byshockingPeoplewereshocked

________(see)thattheUFOwasflyingoverthecity.The_________(shock)news_________(shock)allthepeoplearound，whichwasalsoagreatshock____peoplealloverthecountry.人们十分吃惊地发现不明飞行物在这座城市的上空飞行，这个让人震惊的消息震动了周围的人们，也使全国各地的人们感到震惊。toseeshockingshockedto3....todigoutthosewhoweretrappedandtoburythedead.

trap

vt.使落入险境；使陷入圈套，使陷入困境

n.困境；陷阱

体会trap的用法和意义：Whentravelling,theyweretrappedinthemountain,waitingtoberescued.Theliartrappedmeintobelievinghisstory.Ifyouchoosethisway,you’relikelytofallintoatrap.Wesettrapsinthefieldforthemice.betrappedin被困在……中；陷入……中trapsb.into(doing)sth.诱使某人(做)某事fallintothetrap(ofdoingsth.)落入圈套/陷阱avoidthetrap(ofdoingsth.)避免落入圈套/陷阱setatrap/trapsfor为...设陷阱4.bury

vt.埋葬，安葬，掩埋；沉浸，使陷入，掩藏（感情、错误等）体会bury的用法和意义Sheburiedherfaceinherhandsandwept.Sincehiswifeleft,he’sburiedhimselfinhiswork.Hewasburiedinanovel,sohedidn’tnoticemecomein.Ifyoufindyourselfwantingtoburyyourfeelingsdeepinsideyou,don’tdoit.Instead,expresstheminareasonableway.Theyoungman,whoalsoseemeddeeplyburiedinthought,raisedhiseyes.buryone’sfaceinone’shands双手掩面buryoneselfin(doing)...=beburiedin(doing)...专心致志于(做)...buryone’sfeelings隐藏感情beburiedinthought沉思“专心于”短语：ConcentrateonFocusonBeabsorbedinDevoteoneselfto=bedevotedtoBelostinWhenIentered,hewaslostinhisbookanddidn’tnoticeme.Hedevotedhimselftohelpingthepoor.Thestudentsaredevotedtotheirstudies.Timepassesquicklywhenyouareabsorbedinreadingabook.

5.Slowlythecitybeganto

breatheagain.【即学即练】用breathe的适当形式填空或根据中文意思补全句子。1.Onlyinthecountrysidecanwehavea________offreshair.2.Hehasrunhimself________________________他跑得上气不接下气。3.Inanattackofasthma,she__________hard.4.She________________andsatupslowlywithgreateffort.她深吸一口气,慢慢地、努力地坐了起来。breath

breathed

tookadeepbreathoutofbreath/breathlessly6.Withstrongsupportfromthegovernmentandthetirelesseffortsof...effortn.[U]尽力，艰难的尝试；n.[U,C]努力，费力气的事makeaneffort/effortstodosth.努力做某事makeeveryefforttodosth.

尽一切努力做某事sparenoefforttodosth.

不遗余力地做某事putone'seffortinto(doing)sth.把精力投入到(做)某事中inanefforttodosth.

为了做某事with/withouteffort

费力地/毫不费力地【即学即练】(1)Wewillmake_______(effort)toofferyouthebestservice.(2)Peopleshouldsparenoeffort________(protect)ourhometown.(3)Thecompanyhaslaidoff500workers_________________money.公司为节省资金遣散了500名工人。(4)It’salongclimbtothetop,butwellworththe_______.(5)Heliftedthebigstone_________________.他毫不费力地举起那块大石头。effortstoprotectinanefforttosaveeffortwithouteffort7.Somewerefoundalive,thoughtheyweresufferingfrom...(P51)suffer

vi.(因疾病、痛苦、悲伤等)受苦，受折磨sufferfrom

受……折磨，患...病sufferfromaseriousillness/aheadache/toothache患重病/头疼/心脏病vt.遭受,蒙受

sufferpain/injury/hardship/damage

遭受痛苦/受伤/艰难/破坏sufferdefeat/loss/poverty/punishment遭受失败/损失/贫困/惩罚

【词汇拓展】sufferern.患病者；受苦者；受难者sufferingn.[U]疼痛，折磨；(pl.)痛苦，苦恼

【即学即练】1.Heissuffering__________highbloodpressure.2.Theoldmanissaidtohavegonethroughvarietiesof_________duringthewar.3.(2017浙江)AyoungEnglishteachersavedthelivesof30studentswhenhetookcontrolofabusafteritsdriver____________(suffer)aseriousheartattack.fromsufferedsufferings句式1.Itseemedasiftheworldwerecomingtoanend.asif引导表语从句asif意为“似乎，好像”，可以引导表语从句和方式状从。其意义和用法与asthough相同。（1）asif引导表语从句除了置于seem之后，还可以放在系动词look,taste,sound,smell等之后，表示“看/尝/听/闻起来...”。egDarkcloudsaregathering.Itseemsasifitisgoingtorain.asif的语气当说话者认为句子所述的是真实的或者极有可能发生或存在的事时，用陈述语气当说话人认为句子所陈述的是不真实或极不可能发生或存在的情况，用虚拟语气如果从句表示与现在事实相反，谓语动词用一般过去时(be动词用were)。如果从句表示与过去事实相反，谓语动词用“had＋过去分词”。如果从句表示与将来事实相反，谓语动词用“would/could/might/should＋动词原形”。（2）asif/asthough引导的从句的语气：【练一练】1.从他的说话的样子来看他是醉了。Hetalksasifhe_____drunk.陈述语气4.他张开嘴好像要说什么。Heopenedhismouthasifhe___________

something.is2.他说起罗马来好像他以前去过那儿似的。HetalksaboutRomeasifhe_________

therebefore.

hadbeen3.你看上去好像并不在乎。Youlookasifyou______care.didn’t

wouldsay

虚拟语气虚拟语气虚拟语气句式2.Water,food,andelectricitywerehardtoget.【句型分析】该句为“主语+be+adj.(forsb.)+to

do”句型。具体用法：（1）形容词多为表示主语的性质、特征的词。常见的此类形容词有easy,

hard,

difficult,

safe,

imteresting,

heavy,plesant,

good,

nice,

comfortable,

impossible等。（2）当不定式的动词和句子主语构成逻辑上的动宾关系时，不定式多用主动形式表示被动含义。egTheshirtiscomfortabletowearandeasytowash.

Thebookisveryinterestingtoread.（3）当不定式中的动词为不及物动词时，要在其后加上适当的介词。egThoughsmall,thehouseiscomfortabletolivein.【练一练】

1.Thismachineisveryeasy_____________(operate）.Anybodycanlearntouseitinafewminutes.2.IoftenmissJack,anoldfriendofmine,whoeveryonethinksispleasanttogetalong________.3.Lastweek,Iboughtabedwhichwascomfortabletosleep_____.tooperatewithonDiscoveringUsefulStructures1.Thesupplieswhichwereprovidedtothedisasterareawerecollectedfromaroundthecountry.supply

n.供应量；补给；补给品

vt.供应；供给(be)inshortsupply供应不足；短缺alargesupplyof/largesuppliesof

大量......的供应supplysbwithsth=supplysthtosb

给某人提供某物翻译：一些外国政府向反叛者(rebels)提供武器(arms)。Someforeigngovernmentssuppliedarmstotherebels.Foreigngovernmentssuppliedtherebelswitharms.不同“提供”的表达：providesth.forsb.

/providesb.withsth.offersth.tosb./offersb.sth.

2.She’sfeedingthebabywhosurvivedtheearthquake.survive

vt.

幸存；艰难度过

vi.

生存；存活survivesth.幸免于某事；从某事中挺过来，活过来surviveon

依靠……生存下来；靠……维持生活survivesb.by+时间段比某人多活……【语境应用】完成句子。Themanwastheonly__________(幸存者)who_____________________(在地震中幸存).Hetoldushe______________(靠……生存)abottleofwater.Everyonesaidhis__________(幸存)wasawonder.survivorsurvivedtheearthquakehadsurvivedonsurvivalsurvivorn.

幸存者survivaln.

残存，生还，生存ListeningandSpeaking1.Gotoanopenspaceawayfrombuildings,trees,orpowerlines.n.[U]电力供应；能量；力量apowerfailure/cut停电win/solar/nuclearpower风能/太阳能/核能n.[U]统治；政权；能力；权力

cometo/intopower

开始掌权/执政（强调动作）

beinpower

执政（强调状态）

havethepowertodosth.

有能力做某事within/beyondone’spower在某人能力范围之内/之外

doall/everythinginone'spowertodosth.竭尽全力做某事vt.驱动，推动（机器或车辆）

bepoweredby...由……提供动力；由……供电【词汇拓展】powerfuladj.有影响力的，有组织的【语境运用】完成句子。1)Theparty________________atthelastelection.

这个政党是在上次大选中当选执政的。2)Asyourclosefriend,Iwilldoeverything__________________tohelpyouout.

作为你最亲密的朋友，我会尽全力帮你摆脱困境。3)翻译：Wewerediscussingtheproblemwhentherewasapowerfailure.4)翻译：Sorry,thephoneyouarecallingispoweredoff.cametopowerwithinmypower2.Staycalm.calmvt.&vi.(使)平静;(使)镇定calmdown平静，镇静，安静calmsbdown使某人平静/镇静下来calmadj.镇静的;沉着的（calmer-calmest) stay/keep/remaincalm

保持镇静

【词汇拓展】calmlyadv.平静地【语境应用】翻译句子。1)请努力保持镇静，医生很快就到。Pleasetrytostaycalm.Thedoctorwillbeheresoon.

2)她深吸了一口气，使自己平静下来。

Shetookadeepbreathtocalmherself(down).

ReadingforWriting1.Fishermen,tourists,hotels,homes,andcarsweresweptawaybyhugewavescausedbythestrongearthquakethatreachedamagnitudeof9.0.waven．波浪，波涛；挥手

awaveof...

一阵/一股...givesb.awave

向某人挥手=waveat/tosb.wavev．波动；起伏；挥手waveone’shand

挥手waveat/tosb.向某人挥手/招手wavegoodbyetosb.向某人挥手告别=wavesb.goodbye

【练一练】听到这个好消息，他感到一阵兴奋涌上全身。Hearingthegoodnews,hefelt___________excitementfloodingthroughhisbody.awaveof2.Theunderseaquakestruckaround7:00a.m.,SundayoffthewestcoastofIndonesia’sSumatraIsland.体会下列句中strike(vi.&vt.)的含义1)Strikewhiletheironishot.2)Theclockwasstrikingeightaswewentintothehall.3)AterribleearthquakestruckJapan,making30,000peopleorsolosetheirlives.Youcan’thelpbeingstruckbyherkindness.

v.

打；

撞击v.

敲（钟），报时v.

(灾难、疾病等)侵袭，袭击(strike,struck,struck/stricken)bestruckby

被……侵袭/打动

2.Theunderseaquakestruckaround7:00a.m.,SundayoffthewestcoastofIndonesia’sSumatraIsland.体会下列句中strike(vi.&vt.)的含义4)AgoodideastruckmewhenIwassweepingthefloor.

ItstruckmethatthatwasagreatchancetoimprovemyEnglish.5)Thedriverswereonstriketodemandtoimproveworkingconditions.(strike,struck,struck/stricken)v.

突然想到，意识到Itstrikessb.that...

=Itoccurstosb.that..=Ithitssb.that..

某人突然想起……n./v.罢工，罢课be/goonstrike在/举行罢工

【语境应用】完成句子。1.我突然想到，我应该申请做一名志愿者。_______________________Ishouldapplytobeavolunteer.2.我被三峡的天然美景深深打动了。I_________________________thenaturalbeautyoftheThreeGorges.3.泰山的美让我刻骨铭心。Mountain

Tai

has__________________________.Itsuddenlystruckmethatwasdeeplystruckbystruck

its

beauty

into

my

heartstrike

...

into

one's

heart

使某人对……刻骨铭心3.However,dangerousconditionsanddamagedroadswillmakeitdifficulttodeliverfoodandsupplies.delivervt.&vi.递送，传送，交付；生(小孩儿)，接生；发表(演说等)，宣布，发布deliversth.to投递/运送某物给……deliveraspeech

发表演说deliverababy

接生婴儿【词汇拓展】deliveryn.传递，传送；分娩翻译：杰克被邀请在哈佛大学毕业典礼上发表演讲。JackwasaskedtodeliveraspeechonthegraduationinHarvardUniversity.4.effectn.影响；结果；效果comeintoeffect生效haveaneffecton/upon…对……有影响bring/putsthintoeffect使……生效；实施……sideeffect副作用根据中文意思完成句子：①ThereisnodoubtthatwatchingTVtoomuchcan________________children.不可否认，看太多电视会对儿童有