湖南省多校联考2024-2025学年高一上学期期中考试英语试题（解析版）-A4

第页湖南高一年级期中考试英语注意事项：1.答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号、考场号、座位号填写在答题卡上。2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.£19.15.B.£9.18.C.£9.15.答案是C。1.Whichplacewasdryyesterday?A.Thebeach.B.Theeasternarea.C.Thedowntownarea.2.Whatdoesthemanwanttobuy?A.ClothesB.Shoes.C.Socks.3.Whatwillthewomandonext?A.Talktotheman.B.TurnontheTV.C.Gotosleep.4.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Bossandsecretary.B.Doctorandpatient.C.Motherandson5.Howdoesthemanfeelaboutlivingonhisown?A.Excited.B.Bored.C.Worried.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Howlonghavethespeakersbeenwaiting?A.Onehour.B.Twohours.C.Threehours.7.Whatdoesthewomanwanttobe?A.Anengineer.B.Anewsreporter.C.Anastronaut.听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。8.Wherewillthedancebeheld?A.Attheman’sgrandparents’.B.Atthewoman’shouse.C.Atschool.9.Whydoesthemandislikedancing?A.Heisnervouswhendancing.B.Hethinksit’stootiring.C.Hefindsdancingboring.10.Whenwillthemanleavehisgrandparents’?A.OnMonday.B.OnSunday.C.OnFriday.听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。11.Forwhomisthemanbuyingthetickets?A.Fouradults.B.Twoadultsandonechild.C.Twoadultsandtwochildren.12.Howwillthemanpayforthetickets?A.Bycard.B.Incash.C.Withacellphone.13.Wherearethespeakersprobably?A.Atatrainstation.B.Atatheater.C.Atacinema.听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。14.Howwillthespeakersmaketheend-of-school-yearpartyfantastic?A.Byplanningfunactivitiesandgames.B.Byprovidingagreatmusicparty.C.Bybeingwellpreparedwiththeirexams.15.Whatdoesthewomansuggestdoingattheparty?A.Playingsomemusic.B.DressingupC.Watchingafilm.16.Whatwillthespeakersdiscusstomorrow?A.WhatclothestowearB.Whatmusictoplay,C.Whatgamestoorganize.17.Whatfoodwillthespeakersprepare?A.Friedchicken.B.Bread.C.Pizza听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。18.Howmanywinterjacketsareonsale?A.Fifty.B.Fifteen.C.Ten.19.Whatseasonisitnow?A.Summer.B.Autumn.C.Winter.20.Whatwillthecustomersbuyingajacketgettoday?A.Ahat.B.Agiftcard.C.Apairofsocks.第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AHerearesomeofnationalparksintheworld,whichareworthvisiting.BanffNationalParkSituatedinsouthwesternAlberta,itisCanada’soldestnationalparkaswellasoneofitsmostbeautifulparks.VisitorscanexploreBanffNationalParkonfootalongmorethan1,000milesofhikingtrails—theLakeAgnesTrailfeaturingaseasonalEuropean-styleteahouse—ordrivethescenicIcefieldsParkwayforbreathtakingviewsofglaciers(冰川).GlacierNationalParkThebigpark,whichis1millionacresinsize,isnamedafterglaciersthatareabout7,000yearsold.Ithasbeautifulmountainseverywhereyoulook.Inthepark,youcanseemorethan700lakes,6NationalHistoricLandmarks,andthefamousHighlineTrail,whichfollowstheContinentalDivide.MakesuretotakeascenicdrivealongtheGoing-to-the-SunRoad,orevenbetter,joinRedBusTourstoseeallthesights.YellowstoneNationalParkThisprotectedareainWyoming,Montana,andIdahoisAmerica’sfirstnationalpark,butitisstillverybeautiful.MammothHotSpringsandOldFaithfulcontinuetoamazevisitorseveryyear.LesscrowdedplaceslikeHaydenValley,whichisgreatforseeingwildlife,andYellowstoneLake,whichisperfectforkayaking(独木舟)orcanoeing,arealsoworthvisiting.YosemiteNationalParkYosemiteNationalParkisabout170mileseastofSanFrancisco.Ithasmanyamazingnaturalsightstosee.FamousspotsincludeTunnelView,ValleyView,HalfDome,andElCapitan.Theparkalsohasmanywaterfallsandover750milesoftrailsforhiking.1.WhatdoesGlacierNationalParkfeature?A.Glaciersandshoppingareas. B.Historicalmonumentsandcities.C.Desertlandscapesandhotsprings. D.Glaciers,lakes,andscenictrails.2.WhatdoBanffNationalParkandYellowstoneNationalParkhaveincommon?A.Theyaretheoldestintheirowncountries.B.Theyarethewildestintheirowncountries.C.TheyarethebiggestintheirowncountriesD.Theyarethemostbeautifulintheirowncountries3.Whichofthefollowingappealsmosttowaterfalllovers?A.BanffNationalPark. B.GlacierNationalPark.C.YosemiteNationalPark. D.YellowstoneNationalPark.【答案】1.D2.A3.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四个世界上值得一游的国家公园。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据GlacierNationalPark中的“Thebigpark,whichis1millionacresinsize,isnamedafterglaciersthatareabout7,000yearsold.Ithasbeautifulmountainseverywhereyoulook.Inthepark,youcanseemorethan700lakes,6NationalHistoricLandmarks,andthefamousHighlineTrail,whichfollowstheContinentalDivide.(这个占地100万英亩的大公园是以大约7000年前的冰川命名的。到处都有美丽的山。在公园里，你可以看到700多个湖泊，6个国家历史地标，以及沿着大陆分水岭著名的高架小径)”可知，冰川国家公园的特色是冰川、湖泊和风景优美的小径。故选D。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据BanffNationalPark中的“SituatedinsouthwesternAlberta,itisCanada’soldestnationalparkaswellasoneofitsmostbeautifulparks.(它位于阿尔伯塔省西南部，是加拿大最古老的国家公园，也是最美丽的公园之一)”以及YellowstoneNationalPark中的“ThisprotectedareainWyoming,Montana,andIdahoisAmerica’sfirstnationalpark,butitisstillverybeautiful.(这个位于怀俄明州、蒙大拿州和爱达荷州的保护区是美国第一个国家公园，但它仍然非常美丽)”可知，班夫国家公园和黄石国家公园的共同之处是都是各自国家中年龄最大的。故选A。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据YosemiteNationalPark中的Theparkalsohasmanywaterfallsandover750milesoftrailsforhiking.(公园里还有许多瀑布和超过750英里的徒步小径)”可知，约塞米蒂国家公园最吸引瀑布爱好者。故选C。BCesareMencariniisahighschoolstudent.Hisfocuswasonmath,chemistryandphysics.Cesare’smotherisanarchitectandhisfatherisanelectronicengineer.Asachild,Cesarebecameinterestedinelectronics.Helovedtoexperiment.HelearnedtoprogramcomputersandequipmentliketheArduinoandRaspberryPi.Healsoworkedwitha3Dprinter.Afterseeingavideoaboutsomeonebuildingafusionreactor(核聚变反应堆),Cesaredecidedhewoulddosomethingmeaningful,too.Theschoolwasn’tsoexcitedabouttheidea.ButCesareworkedtopersuadehisteachers.Finally,afteracompletesafetyreview,andwithanextraadvisorofferingtohelpout,theschoolagreed.Cesarewasastrongstudent,buthisregularclassesweren’tteachinghimhowtobuildafusionreactor.Tolearnthis,hespentcountlesshoursdoingresearch,lookingupinformationontheInternet,andwatchingvideos.Hewouldread,watch10or15videos,andthentrytosolvetheproblem.Healsovisitedawebsitewherehegotadvicefromscientistswithmoreexperience.Stepbystep,workinglonghourswithhisphysicsteacherandhisadvisor,Cesarebuiltthereactor.LastJune,attheveryendoftheschoolyear,thereactorwasfinished.Overayearhaspassedsincethen.Cesarehascontinuedtoimprovethereactor.Hehasbuiltcomplicatedequipmenttocontrolthepressureandtobetterseeandunderstandwhat’sgoingoninsidethereactor.He’soneoftheyoungeststudentstohavebuiltsuchanadvancedfusionreactor.ButforCesare,itwasn’tjustaboutthereactor.Itwasalsoaboutlearningbydoing,andaboutmakingconnectionswithotherpeopledoingsimilarthings.CollegeisthenextstopforCesare—perhapsinEngland,perhapsinItaly.Nomatterwherehegoes,he’llprobablycontinuetochangepeople’sideasabouthowmuchyoungpeoplecanachieve.4WhatmadeCesaredeterminedtobuildafusionreactor?A.Hisinterestinvideos. B.Theinspirationfromsomeone.C.Hisparents’influence. D.Thesupportfromhisschool.5.WhatdowesayaboutCesarefromparagraph4?A.Hestruggledtoprepareforthereactor. B.Hedependedheavilyonusefulvideos.C.Heworkedwithexperiencedscientists. D.Hehaddifficultyingettinginformation.6.WhatisCesareexpectedtodointhefuture?A.Buildanotherreactor. B.LearnnewthingsthroughtheInternet.C.Makegreaterprogress. D.Gotoafamouscollege.7.Whichcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.VideosActAsATeacher B.CesareBecameARisingStarC.HowToPutTheoryIntoPractice D.ABoySuccessfullyBuiltAReactor【答案】4.B5.A6.C7.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。说明了CesareMencarini在学校的支持下，通过自己的努力建造了一个核聚变反应堆。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“Afterseeingavideoaboutsomeonebuildingafusionreactor(核聚变反应堆),Cesaredecidedhewoulddosomethingmeaningful,too.(在看了一个关于建造核聚变反应堆的视频后，切萨雷决定他也要做一些有意义的事情)”可知，Cesare是受到一个视频里的人的启发才决定建造一个核聚变反应堆的。故选B。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段“Cesarewasastrongstudent,buthisregularclassesweren’tteachinghimhowtobuildafusionreactor.Tolearnthis,hespentcountlesshoursdoingresearch,lookingupinformationontheInternet,andwatchingvideos.Hewouldread,watch10or15videos,andthentrytosolvetheproblem.Healsovisitedawebsitewherehegotadvicefromscientistswithmoreexperience.(切萨雷是一名优秀的学生，但他的常规课程没有教他如何建造一个聚变反应堆。为了了解这一点，他花了无数的时间做研究，在网上查找信息，看视频。他会阅读，看10到15个视频，然后尝试解决问题。他还访问了一个网站，从更有经验的科学家那里得到建议)”可知，即Cesare为建造反应堆做了大量准备工作。故选A。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Nomatterwherehegoes,he’llprobablycontinuetochangepeople’sideasabouthowmuchyoungpeoplecanachieve.(无论他走到哪里，他可能会继续改变人们对年轻人能取得多大成就的看法)”可知，切萨雷将来会取得更大进步。故选C。【7题详解】主旨大意题。根据最后一段“He’soneoftheyoungeststudentstohavebuiltsuchanadvancedfusionreactor.ButforCesare,itwasn’tjustaboutthereactor.Itwasalsoaboutlearningbydoing,andaboutmakingconnectionswithotherpeopledoingsimilarthings.(他是建造如此先进聚变反应堆的最年轻的学生之一。但对切萨雷来说，这不仅仅是反应堆的问题。这也是关于在实践中学习，以及与其他做类似事情的人建立联系)”以及通读全文可知，CesareMencarini在学校的支持下，通过自己的努力建造了一个核聚变反应堆。故D选项“一个男孩成功地建造了一个反应堆”是文章的最佳标题。故选D。CNewsaboutnaturaldisastersincludingvolcanoes,stormsandearthquakes,isupdateddaily.Besides,globalwarmingiscausingheatwavestobecomemorefrequent,pushingthelimitsofhumansurvivalinthehottestregionsonEarth.Recentrecord-breakingtemperaturesinvariouspartsoftheworldhavehighlightedthedangerscausedbyextremeheatandthrowlightonthechallengesthatlieahead.Whenfacedwithextremeheat,thehumanbodydependsonitsnaturalcoolingmechanisms(机制)tokeepasafetemperature.However,veryhighheatoverpowersthesemechanisms,puttinghumanlivesatrisk.Researchshowsthatthebody’sabilitytocoolthroughsweating(出汗)beginstodecreaseat35℃.Beinginsuchconditionscanputpressureontheheartandcausebodytemperaturestoriseuncontrollably,creatingthegreatestrisktoolderpeopleandthosewithdiseases.Recently,scorchingtemperatureshavebrokenrecordsacrosstheglobe.Chinaexperiencedahistorichighofnearly126°F.Americareached128°F.TheMiddleEasthit152°F,nearingthelimitofwhathumanscanstand.Theseextremeheateventsofferalookatthefuture,asglobalwarmingcontinuestopushtemperatures.Thefrequencyofdangerouslyhightemperatureshasmorethandoubledsince1979,accordingtoresearchin2020.Theseriousnessandwidespreadnatureofongoingheatwaveshighlightthatclimatechangeisaglobalproblemwithfar-reachingeffects.Humanactivities,suchastheburningoffossilfuels(化石燃料),havegreatlycontributedtotheriseinheat-trappinggreenhousegases,leadingtomoreheatwavesandotherextremeweatherevents.Itishightimetocutdownongreenhousegasesandchoosecleanerrenewableenergysources.Internationalcooperationandleadershiparenecessarytoreducetheeffectofclimatechangeonourplanetandprotectthewell-beingoffuturegenerations.8.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.Thedangersofcoolwaves.B.Thecausesofnaturaldisasters.C.TheintroductionofthehottestregionsonEarth.D.Theexplorationoftherisingheat’seffectonhumans.9.Whatdoestheresearchfindabouthumansweating?A.Itcontrolscoolingthemechanisms. B.Itbecomeslesseffectiveat35℃.C.Itincreasesheartefficiencyinheat. D.Itimprovescoolinginallconditions.10.Whatisthedatainparagraph3about?A.Temperaturelimitsthathumanscanstand.B.Frequenciesofdangerouslyhightemperatures.C.Globalaveragetemperaturesatdifferenttimeperiods.D.Record-breakingtemperaturesinspecificcountries.11.Whatistheauthor’smainpurposeinwritingthelastparagraph?A.Tocallonstoppingusingfossilfuels.B.Tocallonignoringextremeweatherevents.C.Tocallonworkinginternationallytoaddressclimatechange.D.Tocalloncuttingdownoncleanerrenewableenergy.【答案】8.D9.B10.D11.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讨论了全球变暖导致的极端高温现象及其对人类的影响，包括身体机能的改变、全球高温纪录的刷新以及气候变化的全球性问题，呼吁国际社会共同努力应对气候变化。【8题详解】主旨大意题。根据全文内容，特别是第一段最后一句“Recentrecord-breakingtemperaturesinvariouspartsoftheworldhavehighlightedthedangerscausedbyextremeheatandthrowlightonthechallengesthatlieahead.(世界各地不断刷新的高温纪录突显了极端高温带来的危险，并揭示了未来面临的挑战。)”可知，文章主要讨论的是全球变暖导致的极端高温现象及其对人类的影响。故选D项。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Researchshowsthatthebody’sabilitytocoolthroughsweatingbeginstodecreaseat35℃.(研究表明，身体通过出汗来降温的能力在35℃时开始减弱。)”可知，关于人类出汗的研究发现，在35℃时，出汗降温的效果会减弱。故选B项。【10题详解】主旨大意题。根据第三段内容“Recently,scorchingtemperatureshavebrokenrecordsacrosstheglobe.Chinaexperiencedahistorichighofnearly126°F.Americareached128°F.TheMiddleEasthit152°F,nearingthelimitofwhathumanscanstand.(最近，全球各地的高温记录被打破。中国经历了接近126°F的历史最高温。美国达到了128°F。中东地区达到了152°F，接近人类所能承受的极限。)”可以推断，第三段的数据是关于特定国家的创纪录高温。故选D项。【11题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句“Internationalcooperationandleadershiparenecessarytoreducetheeffectofclimatechangeonourplanetandprotectthewell-beingoffuturegenerations.(国际合作和领导力对于减少气候变化对我们星球的影响以及保护未来几代的福祉是必要的。)”可以推断，作者在最后一段的主要目的是呼吁国际社会合作应对气候变化。故选C项。DLackofsleephasbeenlinkedwithsomehealthproblems.Asaresult,theNationalSleepFoundationrecommendsthatadultsreceiveatleastsevenhoursofshut-eyeeachnight.Now,newresearchoffersanotherreasontofocusonnightlyrest.AccordingtoresultsfromStockholmUniversity,afewnightsoffitfulsleepcanmakeyoufeelyearsolderthanyoureallyare,whilesleepwithaconsistentpattern(持续的模式)inthesametimeandspacecanhavetheoppositeeffect,makingyoufeelyounger.“Sleephasamaineffectonhowoldyoufeel,andit’snotonlyyourlong-termsleeppatterns,”saysBalter,aco-authorofthestudy.“Evenwhenyouonlysleeplessfortwonights,thathasarealeffectonhowyoufeel.”Thisfeelingisknownas“subjective(主观的)age”.Previousstudieshavefoundthathowoldapersonfeels,bothphysicallyandmentally,mayhavearealeffectonhealthandlifetime.Intheresearch,Balterandanothersleepexpert,John,firstasked429peoplequestionstochecktheirpastmonthofsleep.Theyfoundthatwitheachdayofbadsleeptheaveragepersonhadgotinthepastmonth,their“subjectiveage”increasedbynearlythreemonths.Andthosewhohadexperiencednodaysofbadsleepsaidtheyfeltanaverageofsixyearsyoungerthantheirtrueage.Next,theyrananexperimentinwhich186volunteersexperiencedtwoconsistentnightsofbadsleep—asleeplimitedtofourhourspernight,ortwoconsistentnightsofgoodsleep—ninehoursofenoughsleep.Then,eachvolunteerdescribedtheir“subjectiveage”.Aftertwonightsoflimitedsleep,thevolunteersreportedfeelinganaverageof4.4yearsolderthantheirtrueage,whilethosewithtwonightsofenoughsleepfeltanaverageofthreemonthsyounger.“Ifyouprotectyoursleep,youcanfeelyounger,”Baltersays.“Weknowthosewhofeelyoungerthantheiractualagelivehealthierandlonger,sotrytodevelopgoodsleephabits.”12.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“fitful”inparagraph1mean?A.Irregular. B.Unexpected. C.Enough. D.Proper.13.WhatistheeffectofsleepinglessfortwonightsaccordingtoBalter?A.Itimprovespeople’semotions.B.Itmakespeoplefeelmucholder.C.Itchangeslong-termsleeppatterns.D.Ithasnoeffecton“subjectiveage”.14.HowdidBalterandJohncarryontheirresearchintosleep?A.Bymakingassumptions.B.Bydrawingcomparisons.C.Byaskingotherexperts.D.Bycheckinghistoricaldata.15.WhatdoesBalterwanttodointhelastparagraph?A.Makeasuggestion. B.Makeacomplaint.C.Showhisactualage. D.Showhispersonalhabit.【答案】12.A13.B14.B15.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了睡眠对人们主观年龄感知的影响。作者呼吁人们保护好自己的睡眠，养成良好的睡眠习惯，以保持健康和年轻。【12题详解】词句猜测题。根据第一段中的“AccordingtoresultsfromStockholmUniversity,afewnightsoffitfulsleepcanmakeyoufeelyearsolderthanyoureallyare,whilesleepwithaconsistentpattern(持续的模式)inthesametimeandspacecanhavetheoppositeeffect,makingyoufeelyounger.(根据斯德哥尔摩大学的研究结果，几晚____的睡眠会让你感觉比实际年龄老几岁，而在相同的时间和空间内保持连续的睡眠模式则会产生相反的效果，让你感觉更年轻。)”可知，while表对比，其后面说“持续的睡眠会让人感觉更年轻”，那么，其前面的句子的含义是“断断续续的睡眠会让人变老”，由此可知划线词的意思是“断断续续的”，即不规则的。故选A项。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中的“‘Sleephasamaineffectonhowoldyoufeel,andit’snotonlyyourlong-termsleeppatterns,’saysBalter,aco-authorofthestudy.‘Evenwhenyouonlysleeplessfortwonights,thathasarealeffectonhowyoufeel.’(‘睡眠对你感觉多老有主要影响，而且不仅仅是你的长期睡眠模式，’该研究的共同作者Balter说。‘即使你只少睡了两晚，那也会对你感觉如何产生真正的影响。’)”可知，Balter认为只少睡了两晚，也会对你感觉如何产生真正的影响，即让人感觉更老。故选B项。【14题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段第一句“Intheresearch,Balterandanothersleepexpert,John,firstasked429peoplequestionstochecktheirpastmonthofsleep.(在这项研究中，Balter和另一位睡眠专家John首先向429人提出问题，以检查他们过去一个月的睡眠情况。)”和最后一句“Aftertwonightsoflimitedsleep,thevolunteersreportedfeelinganaverageof4.4yearsolderthantheirtrueage,whilethosewithtwonightsofenoughsleepfeltanaverageofthreemonthsyounger.(在连续两个晚上睡眠不足后，志愿者报告说他们的平均主观年龄比实际年龄大4.4岁，而那些连续两个晚上睡眠充足的人则平均年轻了三个月。)”可知，Balter和John通过对比实验者睡眠充足和睡眠不足后，年龄感知的变化来进行研究，即Balter和John是通过对比来进行睡眠研究的。故选B项。【15题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“‘Ifyouprotectyoursleep,youcanfeelyounger,’Baltersays.‘Weknowthosewhofeelyoungerthantheiractualagelivehealthierandlonger,sotrytodevelopgoodsleephabits.’(‘如果你保护好自己的睡眠，你会感觉更年轻，’Balter说。‘我们知道那些比实际年龄感觉更年轻的人活得更健康、更长久，所以试着养成良好的睡眠习惯。’)”可知，Balter在最后一段想给人们提建议，即保护好睡眠，养成良好的睡眠习惯。故选A项。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。IncreaseYourSelf-confidenceWithPositiveDailyPracticesWhenyouwalkintoaroom,doyoufeelconfident?____16____?Ifnot,we’reheretohelpyoufollowyourdreamsandfaceyourfears.We’llshowyouhowtogainself-confidencesoyoucansucceed.It’stimetoenjoylifeandachieveyourgoals,solet’sgetstarted!____17____.Everyoneisgoodatsomething,sogiveattentiontoareaswhereyou’rethebest.Writedowneverythingyoudowell,andtakeprideinyourgifts.Whenyou’refeelingdown,readyourlistofstrengthssoyoucanremindyourselfhowamazingyouare.Celebrateyoursmallsuccesses.____18____.Evensmallmilestonesonyourjourneytosuccessareimportant.Takeamomenttoenjoyyourachievementsandtheprogressyou’remakingtowardyourgoals.Takeprideinthingslikecompletingaproject,takingthefirststeptowardagoalorwinninganawardatworkorschool.Usepositiveself-talktopushawaynegativethoughts.Everyonehasaninnercritic(批评者)thatcanhurttheirconfidence.____19____.Doyourbesttoreplaceyournegativethoughtswithpositiveorneutralstatements.Additionally,usepositiveaffirmationstoimproveyourworth.Stopcomparingyourselftoothers.Youareunique,soyouwon’tbelikeeveryoneelse.Besides,you’reonlyseeingasmallpartofotherpeople’slives,soanycomparisonyoumakeisn’tfair.Insteadofusingotherstomeasureyoursuccess,compareyourselftoyourpastself.____20____.A.Listyourstrengths.B.Stoptryingtobeperfect.C.Doyoubelieveinyourself.D.Whatdoyouthinkisthebestwaytobeconfident.E.Luckily,youhavethepowertochangenegativethinking.F.Thatway,youcanfocusoncreatingalifethatmakesyouhappy.G.Recognizingyourachievementshelpsyouseehowtrulyamazingyoureallyare.【答案】16.C17.A18.G19.E20.F【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。短文介绍了通过积极的日常练习来增强你的自信。【16题详解】根据上文“Whenyouwalkintoaroom,doyoufeelconfident?(当你走进一个房间，你感到自信吗？)”可知，空处与上文话题一致，仍然在说关于自信的话题。故C选项“你相信自己吗？”切题。故选C项。【17题详解】根据下文“Everyoneisgoodatsomething,sogiveattentiontoareaswhereyou’rethebest.Writedowneverythingyoudowell,andtakeprideinyourgifts.Whenyou’refeelingdown,readyourlistofstrengthssoyoucanremindyourselfhowamazingyouare.(每个人都有自己擅长的领域，所以把注意力放在你最擅长的领域。写下你做得好的每一件事，并为你的天赋感到自豪。当你情绪低落的时候，看看你的优点清单，这样你就能提醒自己你有多了不起)”可知，本段主要在说明要列举自己的优点。故A选项“列出你的优点”切题，为本段的标题。故选A项。【18题详解】根据上文“Celebrateyoursmallsuccesses.(庆祝你的小成功)”可知，空处承接上文说明庆祝你的小成功的作用。故G选项“承认自己的成就能让你看到自己有多了不起”切题。故选G项。【19题详解】根据上文“Everyonehasaninnercritic(批评者)thatcanhurttheirconfidence.(每个人内心都有一个会伤害他们信心的批评家)”根据下文“Doyourbesttoreplaceyournegativethoughtswithpositiveorneutralstatements.(尽你最大的努力，用积极或中立的话语取代你的消极思想)”可知，空处与上文为转折关系且承接下文说明消极的想法是可以改变的。故E选项“幸运的是，你有能力改变消极的想法。”切题。故选E项。【20题详解】根据上文“Insteadofusingotherstomeasureyoursuccess,compareyourselftoyourpastself.(与其用别人来衡量你的成功，不如拿自己和过去的自己做比较)”可知，空处承接上文说明这么做可以达到的目的。故F选项“这样，你就可以专注于创造一个让你快乐的生活”切题。故选F项。第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Shanya,amiddleschoolstudentfromCalifornia,wonascienceawardfordesigningafiredetection(探测)systemthatisbetterthanexistingones.Shanya’s____21____cameafterafiredestroyedarestaurantinherneighborhoodduringthesummerof2022.“Ihadneverreally____22____somethinglikethatbefore,”shetalkedabouttheearlymorning’s____23____happeningattherestaurant,whichstartedinthekitchen.“Theyhadsmokedetectors(探测器),yet____24____itstillburneddown,”she____25____.Shespentmorethanayeardevelopingafiredetectionsystemthatcouldhave____26____thefire.Smokedetectorssenseactivefiresfromthe____27____intheair.Shanya’sthermalimagingdevice(热成像设备)is____28____tostopfiresfromoccurring.Hersystemhastwo____29____,athermalcameraandatinycomputer.Thedevicedetectsaheatsourcewhichhasbeenleft______30______fortenminutesandsendsatextmessagealarm.“Ihadtwodesigns,andmyfirstdesigncompletely______31______.ItwasareallybigproblemIhadto______32______,”shesaid.Thefinaldeviceprovesusefulinspeedandaccuracy.Shanyawantstobringthecostsdownto$60tomakeitevenmore______33______thansmokedetectors.“Shanyasawa______34______andtriedtosolveit.That’swhatI______35______allyoungpeopletodo,”saidascientist.21.A.view B.idea C.goal D.dream22.A.forgotten B.invented C.experienced D.feared23.A.exploration B.movement C.fire D.worry24.A.partly B.obviously C.luckily D.finally25.A.added B.repeated C.argued D.replied26.A.improved B.prevented C.cleared D.changed27A.water B.steam C.dirt D.smoke28.A.organized B.forced C.left D.designed29.A.parts B.points C.uses D.roles30.A.unknown B.uninjured C.unnoticed D.unprotected31.A.failed B.succeeded C.missed D.appeared32.A.payoff B.gothrough C.giveup D.comeacross33.A.suitable B.attractive C.curious D.affordable34.A.plan B.chance C.problem D.possibility35.A.allow B.encourage C.cause D.order【答案】21.B22.C23.C24.D25.A26.B27.D28.D29.A30.C31.A32.B33.D34.C35.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。来自加州的中学生珊娅设计了一种比现有火灾探测系统更好的火灾探测系统，获得了科学奖。【21题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：珊娅的想法是在2022年夏天一场大火烧毁了她家附近的一家餐馆之后产生的。A.view景色；B.idea观点，想法；C.goal目标；D.dream梦想。根据上文“designingafiredetectionsystem”可知，这里指Shanya的想法的来源。故选B项。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：“我以前从来没有真正经历过这样的事情，”她谈到了餐厅清晨发生的火灾，火灾是从厨房开始的。A.forgotten忘记；B.invented发明；C.experienced经历；D.feared害怕。根据下文“somethinglikethatbefore”可知，她以前从来没有真正经历过这样的事情。故选C项。【23题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：“我以前从来没有真正经历过这样的事情，”她谈到了餐厅清晨发生的火灾，火灾是从厨房开始的。A.exploration探索；B.movement移动；C.fire火；D.worry担忧。根据上文“afterafire”可知，她谈到了餐厅清晨发生的火灾。故选C项。【24题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：“他们有烟雾探测器，但最后还是烧毁了，”她补充说。A.partly部分地；B.obviously明显地；C.luckily幸运地；D.finally最终。根据下文“itstillburneddown”可知，最后还是烧毁了。故选D项。【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：“他们有烟雾探测器，但最后还是烧毁了，”她补充说。A.added增加，补充；B.repeated重复；C.argued争论；D.replied回复。根据上文“Theyhadsmokedetectors(探测器),yet____4____itstillburneddown”可知，她补充说。故选A项。【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她花了一年多的时间开发了一种可以预防火灾的火灾探测系统。A.improved提高；B.prevented阻止，预防；C.cleared清理；D.changed改变。根据下文“Smokedetectorssenseactivefires”可知，发了一种可以预防火灾的火灾探测系统。故选B项。【27题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：烟雾探测器从空气中的烟雾中感应到活跃的火灾。A.water水；B.steam蒸气；C.dirt泥土；D.smoke烟。根据上文“smoke”可知，烟雾探测器从空气中的烟雾中感应到活跃的火灾。故选D项。【28题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：珊娅的热成像设备是用来防止火灾发生的。A.organized组织；B.forced强迫；C.left离开；D.designed设计。根据上文“designing”可知，山亚的热成像设备是用来防止火灾发生的。故选D项。【29题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：她的系统由两个部分组成，一个热像仪和一个微型计算机。A.parts部分；B.points点；C.uses使用；D.roles角色。根据下文“thermalcameraandatinycomputer.”可知，她的系统由两个部分组成。故选A项。【30题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：该设备检测到一个热源已经被忽视了十分钟，并发送短信警报。A.unknown不被人知的；B.uninjured未受伤害的；C.unnoticed未被注意的；D.unprotected没有被保护的。根据下文“sendsatextmessagealarm”可知，该设备检测到一个热源已经被忽视了十分钟。故选C项。【31题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我有两个设计，第一个设计完全失败了。A.failed失败；B.succeeded成功；C.missed想念；D.appeared出现。根据下文“ItwasareallybigproblemIhadto____12____”可知，第一个设计完全失败了。故选A项。【32题详解】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：这是我必须经历的一个大问题。A.payoff回报；B.gothrough经历，进行到底；C.giveup放弃；D.comeacross偶遇。根据上文““Ihadtwodesigns,andmyfirstdesigncompletely____11____”可知，这是我必须经历的一个大问题。故选B项。【33题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：珊娅希望将成本降至60美元，使其比烟雾探测器更便宜。A.suitable适合；B.attractive有吸引力的；C.curious好奇的；D.affordable支付的起的，便宜的。根据上文“bringthecostsdownto$60”可知，使其比烟雾探测器更便宜。故选D项。【34题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：珊娅看到了一个问题，并试图解决它。A.plan计划；B.chance机会；C.problem问题；D.possibility可能。根据上文“bigproblem”可知，山亚看到了一个问题。故选C项。【35题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这就是我鼓励所有年轻人去做的事情。A.allow允许；B.encourage鼓励；C.cause促使；D.order命令。根据下文“allyoungpeopletodo”可知，这就是鼓励所有年轻人去做的事情。故选B项。第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。TheShunanBambooSeainYibin,Sichuan,anaturalforest,____36____(be)apopulartouristattractionsincescenesfromafamousmartialartsmoviewereshotthere.This120-square-kilometerforestisthelargestoldbambooparkinChina,and____37____(it)averagetemperatureseldomdropsbelow0℃inwinter,evenwhenmanypartsofthecountryarecovered____38____snowandice.____39____(know)asoneofChina’smostbeautifulforests,theBambooSeacoversmorethan500hills.Theoceanofgreenisdottedwithlakes,waterfallsandlivelyspringscenery.____40____areahasanaveragetemperatureofabout16℃everyyear.Sometimes,thoughitistiringforvisitors____41____(hike)intheBambooSea,theycanfeelmorelight-heartedbecauseofthecalmnessandbeauty.Bamboobegantogrowthereabout3,000yearsago.Inancie