Unit4NaturalDisasters单词讲解课件高中英语人教版

NATURALDISASTERSWordsandExpresssionsfurtherfigureouttheusagesofsuchimportantwordsandexpressionsasdamage,affect,effort,survive,strike,deliverLearningobjectiveslearntousetherightcollocationsbetweenadjectivesandnouns,verbsandtheirobjects,etc.usewhattheyhavelearntintowritingdisaster

/dɪˈzɑ:stə(r)/

n.灾难；灾害(2023·浙江卷）Mosttrainsoperatejustonceadayandsomerunonlythreetimesaweek,somissingyourscanbeadisaster.

熟词生义：彻底失败的人或事Theflooddestroyedpeople’shomes,leavingtensofthousandsofpeoplehomeless.Countlesscommentsfloodedin

sayinghowhearbrokentheywerewhenlookingatthepollutedbeachandocean.Thestorewasfloodedwithcustomersonthedayofthebigsale,makingitverycrowded.Ifthepipebursts,itwillfloodthewholehouse.FLOODn.洪水；大量

vi.淹没；大量涌入

vt.使灌满水；淹没magnitude

/ˈmægnɪtju:d/n.(地)震级；重大Whataretherescueworkersandsodiersdoingintheflood-hitarea?rescue

/ˈreskju:/

n.&vt.营救；救援救援人员→therescueworkers救援队→therescueteamsThelifeboatrescuedthesailorsfromthesinkingboat.WhichbuildingsweredamagedinSeoul?damage

/ˈdæmɪdʒ

/

vt.损害；破坏

n.损坏；损失损害某人的健康/形象damageone’shealth/theimage严重/轻微受损bebadly/seriously/slightlydamagedAsweallknow,garbage,unlessdealtwithinaproperway,willcausedamagetotheenviroment.2,400homesdestroyed.destroy

/dɪ'strɔɪ/

vt.摧毁

；毁灭2,400homesdestroyed.destroy

/dɪ'strɔɪ/

vt.摧毁

；毁灭被彻底摧毁becompletely/totallydestroyedThewrongdecisionhemadealmostdestroyedhislifeandallhishopes.引申义：毁掉信仰、希望等destroyern.→destructiveadj.→destructionn.过去式/过去分词：destroyed以“元音字母+-y”结尾的动词变为过去式、过去分词时，直接加-ed：employ-employed annoy-annoyed delay-delayed

evacuate

/ɪˈvækjueɪt/

vt.疏散；撤出vi.撤离evacuationn.helicopter

/ˈhelɪkɒptə(r)/

n.

直升机death

/deθ/

n.死；死亡bebored/scaredtodeathdeadadj.死的thedead

deadlyadj.致命的adeadlydisease82killed,500,000affected(2024·全国卷II)Thoughovertourismisdescribedasaproblemaffectingtheentireworld,it'sactuallyconcentratedtoasmallnumberofregionalareas.Attheageof21,themanwasaffectedbyastrangedisease.Thestudentsweredeeplyaffectedbythemovingstory,withtearswellingupintheireyes.affectionn.喜爱Ihaveagreataffectionfor

Suzhou.affect

/ə'fekt/

vt.影响；(疾病)侵袭；深深打动Shelterssetupbythegovernmentshelter

/'ʃeltə(r)/

n.避难处；居所；庇护vt.保护；掩蔽vi.躲避

(风、雨或危险)It’sdangeroustostandundertheshelterofatreewhenitrainsinsummer.Itbegantorainsuddenly,sowehadtorunintothecoffeeshopto

shelterusfromtheheavyrain.

crack

/kræk/

n.

裂纹；裂缝vi.&vt.(使)破裂

保护...（免受）...Itseemedasiftheworldwerecomigtoanend.asif

似乎；好像；仿佛=asthoughinlessthanoneminute,alargecitylayinruinsruin

/'ru:ɪn/

n.&vt.破坏；毁坏Shortlyaftersufferingfromabigearthquakeandbeingreducedto

ruins,thecitytookonanewlook.Pertergotcaughtintherainonthewayhome,andhisnewsportsshoesgotruined.ruinone’shope/health/future/fame被夷为废墟percent

/pəˈsent/n.

百分之……

adj.&adv.每一百中

brick

/brɪk/n.砖；砖块metal

/'metl/

n.金属Peoplewereinshock...shock

/ʃɒk/

n.震惊；令人震惊的事；休克

vt.(使)震惊inshock

震惊；吃惊Thenewsofhissuddendeathcameasagreatshocktothewholenation.Weareallshockedtoknowthatthelivingenvironmentofthepolarbearsisworseningsorapidly.shockedadj.震惊的；愤慨的shockingadj.使人震惊的；令人气愤的ashockedlook/expressionshockingbehaviourelectricity

/ɪˌlekˈtrɪsəti/

n.电；电能trap

/træp/

vt.使落入险境；使陷入圈套n.险境；陷阱...thearmysent150,000soldierstoTangshantodigoutthosewhoweretrappedandtoburythedeadThehikersweretrappedinthestormandhadtoseekshelterinacave.Parentsoftenfallintothetrapoftryingtodoeverythingfortheirchildren.bury

/ˈberi/

vt.埋葬；安葬Somepeoplewereburiedintheruinsandagreatnumberofhousesweredestroyed.Sheburiedherfaceinherhandsandweptwhensheheardthebadnews.Thescientistburieshimselfin/isburiedinhisresearch,caringlittleabouthisclothes.Slowly,thecitybegantobreatheagain.breathe

/bri:ð/

vi.&vt.

呼吸Weallbreathedasighofreliefwhenthelostboywasfound.breath

n.呼吸outofbreath loseone’sbreathtakeadeepbreath holdone’sbreathtakeone’sbreathaway=tobeverysurprisingorbeautiful令人惊叹abreathtakingview激动人心的景色breathlessadj.气喘吁吁的revive

/rɪˈvaɪv/vt.&vi.复活；(使)苏醒

revivaln.振兴；复苏-al（名词后缀）：表示过程或状态revive→revival 复苏arrive→arrival 到达survive→survival 生存；幸存propose→proposal 提议；建议approve→approval 赞成；通过Withstrongsupportfromthegovernmentandthetirelesseffortsofthecity’speople...Ihavemadeupmymindtomakeeveryefforttostudy,forIbelievehardworkisthekeytosuccess.Inanefforttohelphimunderstandtheimportanceofstudyinghard,hisfatherbroughthimtowhereheworked.Theparentssparenoefforttoprovidetheirchildrenwiththebesteducation.It’salongclimbtothetop,butwellworththeeffort.effort

/'efət/

n.努力；艰难的尝试；尽力effortlessadj.不需费力的；容易的unify

/ˈju:nɪfaɪ

/

vi.&vt.统一；(使)成一体wisdom

/ˈwɪzdəm/n.智慧；才智context

/ˈkɒntekst/

n.上下文；语境；背景-dom（名词后缀）：表示状况或状态wise→wisdom 智慧free→freedom 自由bore→boredom 厌烦...thoughtheyweresufferingfromterribleinjuries...suffer

/ˈsʌfə/

vt.

遭受；蒙受vi.(因疾病、痛苦、悲伤等)受苦sufferfrom(因疾病、痛苦、悲伤等)受苦sufferfromabadcold/aseriousillness/headache/toothacheThefootballteamsufferedadefeat.

遭受；蒙受(其后常跟抽象名词，相当于experience)

sufferpain/hardship/damagesufferingn.痛苦；疼痛 sufferingsn.受难者；患病者VOLCANICERUPTIONThesupplieswhichwereprovidedtothedisasterareawerecollectedfromaroundthecountry.supply

/səˈplaɪ/

n.供应(量)；补给；[pl.]

补给品

vt.供应；供给Shewasverylucky!Shesurvivdedbecauseofaplentysupplyoffreshwater.Whennutrientsareinshortsupply,thebodycannotfunctionproperly.Thegovernmenthassuppliedthelocalpeoplewithplentyoffoodandmedicinesincetheearthquakehappened.=Thegovernmenthassuppliedplentyoffoodandmedicinetothelocalpeoplesincetheearthquakehappened.typhoon

/taɪˈfu:n/

n.

台风hurricane

/ˈhʌrɪkən/

n.

(尤指大西洋的)飓风Thenextday,peopleputupsheltersintheopenairusinganythingthattheycouldfind.intheopenair

露天；在户外She’sfeedingthebabywhosurvivedtheearthquake.survive

/səˈvaɪv/vi.生存；存活vt.幸存；艰难度过作及物动词时，其后常跟war,accident,flood,fire,earthquake,aircrash等词语Manybirdsdidn’tsurvivetheseverewinter.Howdoesthefamily

surviveonsuchasmallmonthlypay?She

survivedherhusbandbytenyears.survivorn.幸存者；生还者 survivaln.生存；存活=liveon靠...活下来/生存比某人多活...Gotoanopenspaceawayfrombuildlings,trees,orpowerlines.power

/ˈpaʊə(r)/n.电力供应；力量；控制力Don’tworry.Iwilldoeverythingwithinmypowertohelpyou.NotthatIdon’twanttohelpyou,butthatit’sbeyondmypower.Thepresentgovernmentcametopowerlastyear.开始掌权powerfuladj.强有力的；强大的tap

/tæp/

vi.&vt.

轻叩；轻敲；轻拍

n.水龙头；轻叩；轻敲pipe

/paɪp/

n.管子；管道whistle

/ˈwɪsl/

vi.吹口哨；发出笛声vt.吹口哨n.哨子(声)；呼啸声Callanemergencynumber.emergency

/iˈmɜ:dʒənsi/n.突发事件；紧急情况Incaseofemergency,breaktheglassandpressthebutton.emergencyroomStaycalm.calm

/kɑ:m/adj.

镇静的；沉着的

vt.使平静；使镇静Whenindanger,wemuststaycalmandcallthepoliceforhelpintime.Ahugcansometimescalmacryingchilddown.calmnessn.平静；镇静Foreignaidisbeingorganisedforthetsunami-hitcountries.aid

/eɪd/

n.援助；帮助；救援物资vi.&vt.(formal)

帮助；援助Incaseofemergency,itisofgreatimportancetoknowbasicfirstaidskills.Wordswillbeputuparoundtheclassroomtoaidstudentswithspelling.kit

/kɪt/

n.成套工具；成套设备firstaidkit

急救箱...explainwhatemergencysuppliespeopleshouldkeeponhand.onhand

现有(尤指帮助)1.inhand在手头

athand在手边，即将发生

byhand用手工ontheonehand...,ontheotherhand...一方面...,另一方面...2.handin提交，交上

handout分发Themostpowerfulearthquakeinthepast40yearscausedatsunamithatcrashedintocastlinesacrossAsiayesterday.crash

/kræʃ/

vt.&vi.碰撞；撞击n.撞车；碰撞Thecarcrashedintoatree,butluckilynoonewasinjured.Thankstotheseatbelt,thepassengerssurvivedthecarcrash.Fishermen,tourists,hotels,homesandcarsweresweptawaybyhugewavescausedbythestrongearthquakethatreachedamagnititudeof9.0.sweep

/swi:p/

vt.&vi.(swept,swept)

打扫；清扫sweepaway

消灭；彻底消除Thetsunamisweptawayeverythinginitspath,leavingnothingbehind.sweepout打扫干净，清扫干净sweepover 涌上心头Fearsweptoverhimlikecold，darkseawater.

恐惧像冰冷、黑暗的海水一样淹没了他。wave

/weɪv/n.海浪；波浪vi.&vt.挥手；招手Awaveofgriefcameoverme,asIrealizedtherewasnoonelefttohelpme.Icouldonlyrelyonmyself.(读后续写：心理描写)Translation:一阵暖意涌上詹妮弗的心头。_________________________________________MymotherwascryingasIwavedgoodbyetoher.AwaveofwarmthsweptoverJennifer’sheart.Theunderseaquakestruckaround7:00a.m.SundayoffthewestcoastofIndonesia’sSumatraIsland.strike

/straɪk/vi.&vt.(struck,struck/stricken)

侵袭；突击；击打

n.罢工；罢课；袭击Becarefulnottostrikeyourheadagainstthedoor.Theclockhasjuststruckthree.

Strikewhiletheironishot.Followingthat,

it

graduallystruckmethattheloveofmotherispriceless,whichnothingcanmatch.Thetaxidriversareallonstrike,sowewillhavetogototheairportbysubway.strikingadj.引人注目的 strickenadj.受灾的；患病的Ithits/strikes/occurstosb.that...某人突然想到...However,dangerousconditionsanddamagedroadswillmakeitdifficulttodeliverfoodandsupplies.deliver

/dɪˈlɪvə(r)/vt.&vi.递送；传达vt.发表Lastsummer,Itookpartinvoluntarywork,deliveringmeals

to

someoldpeoplelivingalone.Aftertheflagwasraised,onestudentdeliveredaspeechtitled“IwilldomyparttomakeChinamorepowerful”.Theyrushedhertohospitalwheredoctorsdeliveredherbaby.Readthesummaryofthenewsreport.summary

/ˈsʌməri/n.总结；概括；概要Insummary,thebookisagreatreadforanyoneinterestedinhistory.

总的来说，总之Attheendofthisactivity,themonitormadeabriefsummaryinafewwords.

作简单总结summarisev.概述；总结effect

/ɪˈfekt/n.影响；结果；效果Duringhislifetime,LiBaiwroteagreatnumberofexcellentpoems,whichhaveagreateffectonChineseculture.