高中英语学业水平测试复习之构词法课件

这里输入简单的文字概述这里输入简单文字概述这里输入简单的文字概述carecarefulcarelesscarefullycarelesslycarelessness扩大词汇这里输入简单的文字概述这里输入简单文字概述这里输入简单的文字概述掌握构词法的重要性了解词义辨认词类possibleimpossiblefairunfairglorygloriousoperateoperation构词法派生法1合成法2转化法3截断和缩略法4通过在词根上加前缀或者后缀构成一个新词的方法。用派生法构成的词叫做派生词。如：happy-unhappy,like-dislike,success-successful,home-homeless等。派生法一、表否定：①dis-如：ability-disability,agree-disagree,appear-disappear...②un-如：happy-unhappy,lock-unlock,fair-unfair...③in-/il-/im-/ir-如：legal-illegal,possible-impossible,regular-irregular...④mis-如：understand-misunderstand...⑤non-如：non-smoking（非吸烟（区））,anon-drinker（一个不喝酒的人）二、表重复re-如：arrange-rearrange,creat-recreat,consider-reconsider三、动词化en-如：able-enable,rich-enrich,large-enlarge前缀派生法一、表示人：①-er/or如：buy-buyer,act-actor...②-ee如：employ-employee,interview-interviewee...③-ist如：art-artist,special-specialist...④-ian如：music-musicin,politics-politician...⑤-ant如：assist-assistant,account-accountant...二、动词后缀

-en如：strength-strengthen...三、形容词后缀

①-ous如：danger-dangerous,humour-humourous...②-ful如：help-helpful,beauty-beautiful...③-able如：comfot-comfortable,adjust-adjustable...④-ed/ing...后缀派生法四、名词后缀：①-al如：arrive-arrival,survive-survival...②-ment如：achieve-achievement,state-statement...③-ness如：happy-happiness,sick-sickness...④-tion如：attract-attraction,adopt-adoption...⑤-(ss)ion如：discuss-discussion,promiss-promission...⑥-ance/ence如：accept-acceptance,depend-dependence...⑦-(t)ure如：mix-mixture,fail-failure...⑧-y如：deliver-delivery,recover-recovery...⑨-(i)ty如：safe-safety,equal-equality...后缀派生法02030401如：overcome(战胜)，overthrow(推翻)合成动词如：lifelong(终身的)，heartbreaking(令人心碎的)合成形容词如：anyway,anywhere,however,forever...合成副词如：sunset(日落),bookmark(书签)，guidebook(指南手册)合成名词合成法：由两个或更多的词合成一个词05合成介词如：inside,outside,within...这里输入简单的文字概述这里输入简单文字概述这里输入简单的文字概述change改变；找零→变化，walk步行→散步，record录音→记录动词→名词这里输入简单的文字概述这里输入简单文字概述这里输入简单的文字概述转化法：把一种词性用作另一种词性而词形不变的方法名词→动词形容词→动词place地点→放置，hand手→传递；递交，seat座位→使...坐下clean干净→使干净，打扫，empty空的→倒空，clear清楚→清理截短和缩略法截短法：①截头：telephone→phone，airplane→plane...②去尾：examination→exam，photograph→photo.