2015年职称英语理工类B 级真题及答案

2015年职称英语理工类B级真题及答案

第1部分词汇题

citycentrewaswipedoutbythebomb.

contempthefeltforhisfellowstudentswasobvious.

A.need

largecrowdassembledoutsidetheAmericanembassy.

inspiredmanyyoungpeopletotakeupthesport.

stormcausedseveredamage.

Caccidental

think£7foradrinkisabitsteep,don'tyou?

Blow

wehavetowearthesenametags?

babiescantakeinawiderangeoffoodeasily.

cametothewindowasthecrowdchanted,“joe,joe,joe!n

puzzlesmeiswhyhisbooksaresopopular.

theflatsinthebuildinghadthesamelayout.

weatherwascrispandclearandyoucouldseethemountainsfiftymiles

away.

Afresh

wallsaremadeofhollowconcreteblocks.

aimwastoupdatethehealthservice,andwesucceeded.

commentsaboutmenareutterlyridiculous.

第2部分阅读判断

EasternQuakesCanTriggerBigShakes

InthefirstweekofNovember2011,peopleincentralOklahomaexperiencedmorethantwodozenearthquakes.

Thelargest,amagnitude（量）quake,shookthousandsoffansinacollegefootballstadium,causedcracksinafew

buildingsandscaredmanypeoplewhohadneverfeltaquakebefore.Oklahomaisnotanareaofthecountryfamous

fbritsquakes.IfyouwatchthenewsonTV,youseereportsaboutallsortsofnaturaldisasters.Butthemost

dangeroustypeofnaturaldisaster,andalsothemostunpredictable,istheearthquake.

ResearchersattheUSGeologicalSurvey（USGS）estimatethatseveralmillionearthquakesoccurgloballyeach

year.Thatmaysoundscary,butpeopledon'tfeelmanyofthembecausetheyhappeninremoteandunpopulated

regions.Manyquakeshappenundertheocean,andothershaveaverysmallmagnitude.

Scientistsknowaboutsmall,remotequakesonlybecauseofverysensitiveelectronicdevicescalled

seismometers（地震仪）.Thesedevicesdetectandmeasurethesizeofgroundvibrations（震颤）producedby

earthquakes.Altogether,USGSresearchersuseseismometerstoidentifyandlocateabout20000earthquakeseach

year.

Althoughearthquakescanhappenanywhereintheworld,reallybigquakesoccuronlyincertainareas.The

largestonesregisteramagnitude8orhigherandhappen,onaverage,onlyonceeachyear.Suchbigonestypically

occuralongtheedgesofEarth'stectonicplates（构造板块）.

ThctonicplatesarehugepiecesofEarth'scrust（夕卜壳）,sometimesmanykilometersthick.Often,edgesofthese

platestemporarilylocktogether.Whenplatespushandscrape（擦）pasteachotherearthquakesoccur.Onaverage,

tectonicplatesmoveveryslowly—boutthesamespeedasyourfingernailsgrow.

Butsometimesearthquakesrumble（轰轰作响）throughportionsofthelandscapefarfromaplate'sedges.

Althoughlessexpected,these“mid-plate”smallearthquakescanbestantialdamage.Someofthebiggestknown

exampleshittheeasternhalfoftheUnitedStatestwocenturiesago.Today,scientistsarestillpuzzlingoverwhythe

quakesoccurredandwhensimilaronesmightoccur.

16.Oklahomaisanareaoftenexperiencingnaturaldisasters.

A.RightC.Notmentioned

17.Theearthquakeisthemostunpredictablenaturaldisaster.

A.RightC.Notmentioned

18.Fewearthquakeshappenwithoutpeople'sawareness.

A.RightC.Notmentioned

19.SeismometerscanidentifyandlocatemostoftheearthquakesinChina.

A.RightC.Notmentioned

20.Bigearthquakesofamagnitude8orhigherseldomhappenfarfromtheedgesoftectonicplates.

A.RightC.Notmentioned

21.Whenevertectonicplatesmove,earthquakeshappen.

A.RightC.Notmentioned

22.TheearthquakethathittheeasternhalfoftheUnitedStatestwocenturiesagoisthebiggest^^mid-plate^^onein

history.

A.RightC.Notmentioned

第3部分概括大意与完成句子

LearnaboutNobleGases（惰性气体）

1Haveyoueverriddenonaballoon?Manytouristspotsofferballoonridesinorderfbrpeopletoseethe

beautyofaplacefromabove.Aballooncontainsanoblegascalledhelium（氮）.Formerly,balloonscontained

hydrogenbuthydrogenisveryflammableanddangerouswhenuncontrolled.Therefore,peopleshiftedtohelium,

whichissafer.Heliumissafebecauseithasthepropertiesofthenoblegases.

2Peopleoncebelievedthatnoblegasescouldn'tchemicallyreactatall.Forthisreason,theywerecalled

inertgases（惰性气体）.TheywerealsolistedunderGroup0intheoldperiodictablebecausescientistsbelievedthat

thegaseshavezerovalence（价）electronsintheiroutershell.Thiswaslaterproventobeuntruewhensomenoblegas

compoundswerediscovered.

3Thegasesareelements,whichsharesimilarproperties.Thesepropertiesincludebeingmonoatomic,

colorless,odorless,beingabletoconductelectricity,andhavinglowchemicalreactivity.NoblegasesincludeHelium,

Neon,Argon,Krypton,XenonandRadon.TheseareallfoundinGroup18,intherightmostcolumnoftheperiodic

table.Ifyoulookattheperiodictable,youwillnoticethattheseelementsaretheonlyones,whichdonothavea

charge.Heliumhasthelowestmolecular（分子的）weightwhileRadonistheheaviest.

4Rememberthatchemicalreactionsoccurbecauseatomshavevalenceelectrons,whichareelectronsin

theiroutershell.Whentheoutershellis“unfilled''ortherequirednumberofelectronsisnotyetcomplete,theatomis

morereactive.Noblegaseshaveafulloutershell,meaningthattheyhavecompleteelectronsintheiroutershell.This

completenumbervaries.Forinstance,theoutershellofHeliumhas2valenceelectronswhiletheoutershellofXenon

has8electrons.Nowadays,thereremainstobeafewnoblegasesbecauseofthelowchemicalreactivityofthesesaid

gases.

5Becauseoftheirproperties,noblegaseshavemanyimportantapplications.Theyarewidelyusedin

medicineandindustries.Forinstance,liquidHeliumisusedfbrsuperconductingmagnets（磁体）.Thesemagnetsare

veryimportantinphysicsandmedicine.Whenadoctorsuspectsthataperson'sbrainhasbeendamaged,hemight

requestfbrMagneticResonanceImaging（MRI）.MRIallowsthedoctorto"see”thebrain,withoutoperatingonthe

patient.

23.paragraph2

24.paragraph3

25.paragraph4

26.paragraph5

A.Whatarenoblegases?

B.Whatistheperiodictable?

causesthelowchemicalreactivityofnoblegases?

D.Howwerenoblegasesdiscovered?

E.Howwerenoblegasesunderstoodinthepast?

F.Whataretheapplicationsofnoblegases?

27.Noblegasesarenotverychemically.

28.AmongtheelementsofnoblegasesHeliumisthe.

29.Therequirednumberofelectronsinnoblegases'outershellis.

30.MRImaymakeoperatingonthepatient.

A.lightest

B.reactive

D.complete

E.flammable

第4部分阅读理解

第一篇GrossNationalHappiness

Inthelastcentury,newtechnologyimprovedthelivesofmanypeopleinmanycountries.However,onecountry

resistedthesechanges.HighintheHimalayanmountainsofAsia,thekingdomofBhutanremainedseparate.Its

peopleandBuddhist（佛教）culturehadnotbeenaffectedfbralmostathousandyears.Bhutan,however,wasapoor

country.Peoplediedatayoungage.Mostofitspeoplecouldnotread,andtheydidnotknowmuchabouttheoutside

world.Then,in1972,anewrulernamedKingJigmeSingyeWangchuckdecidedtohelpBhutantobecomemodem,

butwithoutlosingitstraditions.

KingWangchucklookedatothercountriesfbrideas.Hesawthatmostcountriesmeasuredtheirprogressbytheir

GrossNatonalProducl(GNP).TheGNPmeasuresproductsandmoney.Whenthenumberofproductssoldincreases,

peoplesaythecountryismakingprogress.KingWangchuckhadadifferentideafbrBhutan.Hewantedtomeasure

hiscountry'sprogressbypeople'shappiness.Ifthepeople'shappinessincreased,thekingcouldsaythatBhutanwas

makingprogress.Todecideifpeoplewerehappier,hecreatedameasurecalledGrossNationalHappiness(GNH).

GNHisbasedoncertainprinciplesthatcreatehappiness.Peoplearehappieriftheyhavehealthcare,education,

andjobs.Theyarehappierwhentheyliveinahealthy,protectedenvironment.Theyarehappierwhentheycankeep

theirtraditionalcultureandcustoms.Finally,peoplearehappierwhentheyhaveagood,stablegovernment.

NowtheseissomeevidenceofincreasedGNHinBhutan.Peoplearehealthierandarelivinglonger.More

peopleareeducatedandemployed.Teenty-fivepercentofthelandhasbecomenationalparks,andthecountryhas

almostnopollution.TheBhutanesecontinuetoweartheirtraditionalclothingandfollowtheirancientBuddhist

customs.Bhutanhasalsobecomeademocracy.In2008,KingWangchuckgavehispowertohisson.Althoughthe

countrystillhadaking,ithelditsfirstdemocraticelectionsthatyear.Bhutanhadpoliticalpartiesandpolitical

candidatesforthefirsttime.Finally,Bhutanhasconnectedtotherestoftheworldthroughtelevisionandinternet.

Bhutanisasymbolfbrsocialprogress.ManycountriesarenowinterestedinBhutan'sGNH.Thesecountriesare

investigatingtheirownwaystomeasurehappiness.Theywanttocreatenewpoliciesthattakecareoftheirpeople,

cultures,andland.

BrazilmaybethenestcountrytousetheprinciplesofGNH.BrazilianleadersseetheprinciplesofGNHasa

sourceofinspiration.Brazilisalargecountrywithadiversepopulation.Ifhappinessworksasameasureofprogress

inBrazil,perhapstherestoftheworldwillfollow.

31.WhowasJigmeSingyeWangchuck?

A.Apresident.B.ABuddhistpriest.C.Aking.D.Ageneral.

32.ApartfrommodernizingBhutan,whatelsedidWangchuckwanttodoforBhutan?

A.Tomakeitspopulationgrow.

B.Tokeepitseparatefromtheworld.

C.Tbencourageitspeopletogetrich.

D.Tokeepitstraditionsandcustoms.

33.AcountryshowsitsprogresswithGNPby

A.spendingmoremoney.

B.spendinglessmoney.

C.sellingmoreproducts.

D.providingmorejobs.

34.AccordingtoGNH,peoplearehappierifthey

A.havenewtechnology.

B.haveagood,stablegovernment.

C.canchangetheirreligion.

D.havemoremoney.

35.Todaymanycountriesare

A.takingbothBhutanandBrazilassymbolsforsocialprogress.

B.usingtheprinciplesofGNHtomeasuretheirprogress.

C.workingtogethertodevelopacommonscaletomeasureGNH.

D.tryingtofindtheirownwaystomeasurehappiness.

第二篇ArchiveGallery:TheBestofBionics（仿生学）

Humansmightbethemosthighly-evolvedspeciesontheplanet,butmostanimalspossessskillswecanonly

dreamofhaving.Imaginehowmuchelectricitywecouldsaveifwecouldseeinthedarkthewaycatsdo.Imagine

leapingfromtreetotreelikeamonkey.Giraffes（长颈鹿）,whichareotherwisecalmandgood-natured,sleeponly

hoursaday.

Werealizedalong,longtimeagothatnatureprovidesthebestblueprint（赭图）ibrinvention.We'veborrowed

canalsfrombeavers（河狸）andreflectorsfromcat'seyes.Althoughthewords“bionics"becamepopularonlyafterthe

1960s,historyshowsthatnaturehasalwaysprovidedideasonsolvingeverydayproblems.Ourarchives（档案）don't

gobacktothetimeofLeonardodaVinciandhisbird-likeflyingmachines,butwecantakeyoutothelate19th

century,whereweappliedthosesameprinciplesforbuildingourfirstpracticalairplanes.

lbpreparefortheirflightalKittyHawk,theWrightbrothersstudiedthemovementsofpigeonstofigureouthow

theystayedhighupwhentheywereheavierthanair.Theirsuccessinspiredscoresofsuccessorstoimproveonthe

airplanebystudyingvariousaspectsofnature.OneofOrvilleWright'spupilscaughtandstuffedseagullstoexamine

theirwingspan.Meanwhile,twoFrenchinventorsexaminedspinningsycamore（梧桐）seedsinanefforttoapplythose

samemotions,reversed,toahelicopter.

Someexamplesaremoreobviousthanothers.TheoutsideoftheairplanedesignedbytheWrightbrotherslooks

likeaminimalistic（简单抽象艺术）structure.Ontheotherhand,BarneyConnctfsfishsubmarine（潜水艇）actually

lookslikeafish.

Somebio-inspiredconceptshaveyettobeinvented.Inthe1960s,theUSArmycommissionedseveraluniversity

professorstoconductresearchonthemotorskillsanimalsinhopeofapplyingthosesameabilitiestotanks.Tanksthat

runlikehorsesorjumplikegrasshoppers（蚂蚱）-soundsshocking,doesn'tit?Butimaginehowlifewouldchangeif

wecouldachievethat.

36."Cats","monkeys"and'giraffes"mentionedinparagraph1areexamplestoillustrate

A.animalshaveskillsthathumansdonotpossess.

B.theyarehighly-evolvedspeciesashumans.

C.humanscanleamanimals'skills.

D.theyareskillfulindifferentways.

37.Whichofthefollowingcanbefoundinthearchivegallery?

A.Historybooks.

B.TheWrightbrothers'sculpture.

C.LeonardodaVinci'sbird-likeflyingmachines.

D.Firstpracticalairplanesbuiltinthelace19thcentury.

38.WhathappenedaftertheWrightbrothers'success?

A.Peoplecarriedoutasystematicstudyonpigeons.

B.Peoplecouldflytheirairplanefbrfun.

C.Peoplestudiedmoreanimalsandplantstodeveloptheairplane.

D.PeoplekepttheirairplaneataFrenchgallery.

39.WhichofthefollowingistrueabouttheresearchcarriedoutbytheUSArmy?

A.Ithaschangedourlife.

B.Ithasnotsucceededyet.

C.Ithascostalargesumofmoney.

D.Ilhasimprovedtheabilitiesoftanks.

40.Whatdoesthewriterwanttotellinthepassage?

A.Someanimalspossessuniqueskills.

B.Manyinventionsgetideasfromnature.

C.Peopleshouldprotectnature.

D.Bionicsisfarfromperfect.

第三篇"LifeFormFound"onSaturn'sTitan

ScientistssaytheyhavediscoveredhintsofalienlifeontheSaturn'smoon.Thediscoveryofasortoflifewas

announcedafterresearchersattheUSspaceagency,NASA,analyzeddatafromspacecraftCassini,whichpointedtothe

existenceofmethane-basedformoflifeonSaturn'sbiggestmoon.

Scientistshavereportedlydiscoveredcluesshowingprimitivealienbeingsare"breathing"inTitan'sdense

atmospherefilledwithhydrogen.

TheyarguethathydrogengetsabsorbedbeforehittingTitan'splanet-likesurfacecoveredwithmethanelakesand

rivers.This,theysay,pointstotheexistenceofsome"bugs"consumingthehydrogenatthesurfaceofthemoonless

thanhalfthesizeoftheEarth.

"Wesuggestedhydrogenconsumptionbecauseit'stheobviousgasforlifetoconsumeonlitan,similartotheway

weconsumeoxygenonEarth,"saysNASAscientistChrisMcKay."Ifthesesignsdoturnouttobeasignoflife,it

wouldbedoublyexcitingbecauseitwouldrepresentasecondformoflifeindependentfromwater-basedlifeon

Earth."

Tbdate,scientistshavenotyetdetectedthisformoflifeanywhere,thoughthereareliquid-water-based

microorganismsonEarththatgrowwellonmethaneorproduceitasawasteproduci.OnTitan,wheretemperatures

arearound90Kelvin(minus290degreesFarenheit),amethanebasedorganismwouldhavetouseasubstancethatis

liquidasitsmediumforlivingprocesses,butnotwateritself.WaterisfrozensolidonTitan'ssurfaceandmuchtoo

coldtosupportlifeasweknowit.

ScientistshadexpectedtheSun'sinteractionswithchemicalsintheatmospheretoproduceacoatingofacetylene

onTitan'ssurface.ButCassinidetectednoacetyleneonthesurface.

TheabsenceofdetectableacetyleneontheTitan'ssurfacecanverywellhaveanon-biologicalexplanation,said

MarkAllen,aprincipalinvestigatoroftheNASATitanteam.

"Scientificconservatismsuggeststhatabiologicalexplanationshouldbethelastchoiceafterallnon-biological

explanationsareaddressed,"Allensaid."Wehavealotofworktodotoruleoutpossiblenon-biologicalexplanations.

Itismorelikelythatachemicalprocess,withoutbiology,canexplaintheseresults."

41.WhatdoscientistsclaimtohavefoundaboutSaturn?

A.Water-basedlifeonit.

B.Anewmoonmovingaroundit.

C.Earthlikelifeonitsbiggestmoon.

D.Methane-basedlifeonitsbiggestmoon.

42.WhichofthefollowingstatementsaboutTitanistrue?

A.ItisaslargeastheEarth.

B.Thereisacetyleneonitssurface.

C.Hydrogenconsumptionisreportedtobeonit.

D.Wateronitactsasalifesupportingmedium.

43.Theexpression"thisformoflife1'inparagraph5referto?

A.water-basedlife.

B.oxygen-basedlife.

C.mcthanc-bascdlife.

D.liquid-basedmicroorganisms.

44.ItcanbeinferredfromMarkAllen'saddressthat

A.ScientistsaretryingtoconfirmtheseislifeonTitan.

B.ScientistsarearguingoverwhetherthereislifeonTican.

C.Scientistsagreethatachemicalprocessisaconvincingexplanation.

D.Scientistssharetheopinionthatabiologicalexplanationisreasonable.

45.Whichofthefollowingcanreplacethetitleofthispassage?

A.AdifferentLifeForm,aPossibility.

B.EarthlikeLivingBeingsFoundonTitan.

C.FindingofOneMoreMoonofSaturn's.

D.Titan,aNewSatelliteDiscovered.

第5部分补全短文

VoiceYourOpinion:ChangeIsNeededinYouthSports

Everywhereyoulook,youseekidsbouncingabasketballorwavingatennisracquet(网球拍).Andthesekids

aregettingyoungerandyounger.Insomecountries,childrencancompeteonbasketball,baseball,andvolleyball

teamsstartingatagenine.(46)Andswimmingandgymnasticsclassesbeginatagefour,topreparechildrenfor

competition.

It'struethatafewofthesekidswilldevelopintohighlyskilledathletesandmayevenbecomemembersofthe

nationalOlympicteams.(47)Thisemphasisoncompetitioninsportsishavingseriousnegativeeffects.

Childrenwhogetinvolvedincompetitivesportsatayoungageoftengrowtiredoftheirsport.Manyparents

pressuretheirkidstochooseonesportanddevotealltheirtimetoit.(48)But66percentoftheyoungathletes

wantedtoplaymorethanonesport-forfun.

Anotherproblemisthepressureimposedbyover-competitiveparentsandcoaches.Childrenarenotnaturally

competitive.Infact,arecentstudybyPauloDavidfoundthatmostchildrendon'tevenunderstandtheideaof

competitionuntiltheyaresevenyearsold.(49)

Thethird,andbiggest,problemforyoungathletesisthelackoftimetodotheirhomework,havefiin,bewith

friends—inshort,timetobekids.Whentheyareforcedtospendeveryafternoonatsportspractice,theyoftenstart

tohatetheirchosensport.Asearchersfoundthat70percentofkidswhotakepartincompetitivesportsbeforethe

oftwelvequitbeforetheyturneighteen.(50)Excessivecompetitiveawayalltheenjoyment.

Needtorememberthepurposeofyouthsports-togivekidsachancetohavedevelopingstrong,healthy

bodies.

A.Asurveyfoundthat79percentofparentsofyoungathleteswantedtheirchildrenconcentrateononesport.

B.Manyofthemcompletelyloseinterestinsports.

CVeryyoungkidsdon'tknowwhytheirparentsarepushingthemsohard.

D.Theyouthsoccerorganizationhasteamsforchildrenasyoungasfive.

E.Sportsforchildrenhavetwoimportantpurposes.

F.Butwhatabouttheothers,theaveragekids?

第6部分完形填空

ClimateChangePosesMajorRisksforUnpreparedCities

AnewexaminationofurbanpolicieshasbeencarriedoutrecentlybyPatriciaRomeroLankao.Sheisa

sociologistspecializinginclimatechangeand51development.Shewarnsthatmanyoftheworld's

fast-growingurbanareas,especiallyindevelopingcountries,willlikelysufferfromthe52ofchanging

climate.Herworkalsoconcludesthatmostcitiesarefailingto53emissionsofcarbondioxideandother

greenhousegases.Thesegasesareknowntoaffecttheatmosphere.

“Climatechangeisadeeplylocalissueandposesprofound54tothegrowingcitiesoftheworld,“says

RomeroLankao."Buttoofewcitiesaredevelopingeffectivestrategiestoprotecttheirresidents."

Citiesare55sourcesofgreenhousegases.Andurbanpopulationsarelikelytobeamongthose

mostseverelyaffectedbyfutureclimatechange.Lankao\findingshighlightwaysinwhichcity-residentsare

particularlyvulnerable,andsuggestpolicyinterventionsthatcouldofferimmediateandlonger-term

56

Thelocationsanddenseconstructionpatternsofcitiesoftenplacetheirpopulationsatgreater57fornatural

disasters.Potentialthreatsassociatedwithclimateincludestormsurgesandprolongedhotweather.Stormsurges

canfloodcoastalareasandprolongedhotweathercanheat58pavedcitiesmorethansurroundingareas.The

impactsofsuchnaturaleventscanbemore59inanurbanenvironment.Forexample»aprolongedheatwavecan

increaseexistinglevelsofairpollution,causingwidespreadhealthproblems.Poorerneighborhoodsthatmay60

basicfacilitiessuchasdrinkingwateroradependablenetworkofroads,areespeciallyvulnerabletonatural

disasters.Manyresidentsinpoorercountriesliveinsubstandardhousing61accesstoreliabledrinking

water,roadsandbasicservices.

Localgovernments,therefore,shouldtakemeasuresto62theirresidents/Tnfortunately,theytendtomove

towardsrhetoric63meaningfulresponses,RomeroLankaowrites,“Theydon'timposeconstruction

standardsthatcouldreduceheatingandairconditioning64.Theydon'temphasizemasstransitandreduce

automobileuse.Infact,manylocalgovernmentsaretakingahands-offapproach/*65,sheurgesthemto

changetheiridlepoliciesandtotakestrongstepstopreventtheharmfuleffectsofclimatechangeoncities.

51.AindustrialBeconomicCruralDurban

52.AoccasionsBroutinesCconnectionsDimpacts

53.AreduceBincreaseCstudyDmeasure

54.AinterestsBthreatsCimplicationsDdifferences

55.ArepeatableBdoubefulCusefulDmajor

56.AbenefitsBsignsCchancesDplanes

57.AcostBmomentCriskDspeed

58.AlocallyBsuddenlyCmildlyDheavily

59.AstandardBseriousCmeaningfulDfriendly

60.AlackI3provideCupdateDimprove

61.AwithBwithoutCinDon

62.AidentifyBeducateCprotectDevaluate

63.AlessthanBmorethanCbetterthanDratherthan

64.AneedsBwastesCareasDresources

65.AStillBHoweverCThusDMoreover

2012职称英语理工类B级标准答案

1-5CCDBA

6-10DCDAC

11-15BADAC

16-20AABCA

21-25BCEAC

26-30FBADF

31-35CDCBA

36-40ADCBB

41-145DCCBA

46-50DFACB

51-55ADABD

56-60ACDBA

61-65BCDAC

2012年全国职称英语等级考试理工类（B级）试题题解

第1部分：词汇选项

1Cwipeout是个短语，意思是'消灭、摧毁'和动词destroy同义。又如：Thewhole

二ownwaswipedoutbythelandslide。

2C在四个选项中和contempt（蔑视）意义最接近的是hate,pity的意思是“怜

悯”。

3Dassemble是“集结”的意思，gather是具有这一词义的最普通的一个词。

4Binspiresb.todosth.是“鼓励、激励某人做某事”的意思，这里inspire

和encourage

的词义和用法一样，故可以用encourage来代替。

5Asevere有“严厉的、严重的”多种意义。severedamage是严重破坏，故可用

serious代替。又如：severecriticism严厉批评、severesituation严峻的形势、severe

winter严冬、severeloss严重损失、severeteacher严厉的老师。

6Dsteep这个词最常用的意义是'陡峭的'，如：asteepslope,陡峭的山坡，但

在口语中它可以用来表示（要求、价格）'过高、难以接受'的意思。

7Ctag小标签，如：pricetags价格标牌，luggagetags行李标签。在四个选项

中label和它同义。form是‘表格‘，code是‘码'如barcode条形码。

8Dtakein这个短语可以有多种解释，如‘接纳、接受、留宿、收缩、改小'等

等。在本句中它的意义很明显是'吸收、消化'故选digest。

9Achant这个词的意思是‘唱’尤其是'反复、单调地唱或吟诵'本句中说窗

外的人群反复呼喊Joe的名字，所以这里可以用repeat来替代chanto

IOCpuzzle做动词用的意思是'感到不解、迷惑'，句子的意思是：令我不解的是为

什么他的书如此受欢迎。动词confuse恰好和puzzle同义，而且用法也相同。

11Blayout是'布局、安排'的意思，如：layoutoftheexhibitionhall,layout

oftheshoppingcomplex等。本句的意思是：大楼里所有的公寓布局都一样。

arrengement可以指时间、日程的安排,也可以指空间的分割和安排，function是'功

能，

12Acrisp通常用于修饰食品，表示'脆的、新鲜而脆生的'，如：crispcrackers,

crisp

lettuce等。但它也可以用来描述天气，表示‘清新、凉爽的'，在本句中它表示就

是这个意思，所以可以用fresh来代替。

13Dhollow是'空心的'意思，如：ahollowtree,ahollowpipe这里可以用

empty来替换。

14Aupdate的意思就是现在常说的'升级、更新'和modernize'现代化'意义

相近C

15Cutterly是'完全’的意思，和completely同义。

第2部分：阅读判断

16A根据第一段倒数第二句：IfyouwatchthenewsonTV,youseereportsabout

allsortsof

naturaldisasters.（如果你经常看电视的话，你会看到各种各样的关于自然灾害的报

道。）

17A根据第一段最后一句：Butthemostdangeroustypeofnaturaldisaster,and

alsothemost

unpredictable,istheearthquake.

18B本题的意思是：几乎所有的地震人们都有感知。根据第二段最后两句，我们得出：

很多地震是人们感觉不到的。

19C本文根本没有提到中国。

20A根据第四段最后一句：8级或8级以上的大地震一般发生在地球构造板块的边缘。

21B根据第五段第三句：只有当地球的板快互相摩擦时，地震才会发生。本句的意思是:

只要地球的板块一挪动，地震就会发生。

22C根据本文倒数第二句：Someofthebiggestknownexamples（一些已知的在

美国东

半部发生的地震是最大的例子）,但没有说明是历史上最大的地震。

第3部分：概括大意与完成句子

23E根据该段第一句话：Peopleoncebelievedthatnoblegasescouldn，tchemically

reactat

all.

24A本段开头介绍了noblegases的相同点，紧接着作者又列出了noblegases包括

的气体

以及它们的特性。

25C该段第一句和最后一句中的chemicalreaction和chemicalreactivity点出了

该选项。

26F该段开头…noblegaseshavemanyimportantapplications是本段的主题句。

27B第二段第一句中的react可以用bereactive替换。

28A根据第三段最后一句：Heliumhasthelowestmolecular（分子的）weight---

29D根据第四段第三句：••,meaningthattheyhavecompleteelectrons