2024-2025高中英语Unit5Canada-“TheTrueNorth”课时作业1含解析新人教版必修3

PAGEUnit5Canada—“TheTrueNorth”Ⅰ.阅读理解AOttawaisthecapitalofCanada.ItisthesecondlargestcityinOntarioandthefourthlargestcityinthecountry.TheCentreBlockisthemainbuildingonParliamentHill(国会山).Itisalsothelocationofseveralceremonialspaces,suchastheHallofHonorandtheMemorialChamber.ThepresentCentreBlockistheseconditerationofthebuilding,afterthefirstwasdestroyedbyfirein1916,anditisoneofthemostrecognizablebuildingsinCanada.DowntownOttawaisthecommercialandeconomiccentreofthecity.Mostofthebuildingsareofficetowers.WhilemostofOttawa'shightechindustryisbasedelsewhere,ithasasignificantpresenceinthedowntowncore.Thedowntownalsocontainsanumberofapartments,hotels,andtheoldersinglefamilyhomesandtownhousesalongitsedges.TheNationalGalleryofCanadaisoneofCanada'spremierartgalleries.TheGalleryhasalargeandvariedcollectionofpaintings,drawings,sculptureandphotographs.AlthoughitsfocusisonCanadianart,italsoholdsworksbysomenotedAmericanandEuropeanartists.TheRideauCanalistheoldestcontinuouslyoperatedcanalsysteminNorthAmerica.Attheverybeginning,thepurposeoftheRideauCanalwasmilitary,asitwasintendedtoprovideasecuresupplyandcommunicationroutebetweenMontrealandtheBritishnavalbaseinKingston.Itremainsinusetodayprimarilyforpleasureboating,withmostofitsoriginalstructuresundamaged.Thelocksonthesystemopenfornavigationinmid­Mayandcloseinmid­October.【语篇解读】文章描写了加拿大渥太华闻名的几处地方，并分别对这几处地方进行具体的说明。1．Theunderlinedword“iteration”inthe2ndparagraphprobablymeans“________”．A．repairB．designC．copyD．landmark答案与解析：C词义揣测题。从其次段“ThepresentCentreBlockistheseconditerationofthebuilding,afterthefirstwasdestroyedbyfirein1916.”可知，现如今的中心街区是重新翻修的，以前的那一座在1916的大火中被毁坏了。所以iteration的意思相当于copy“复制品”，故选C。2．InthecoreofDowntownOttawa,wecouldsee________.A．alargenumberoftalltowersB．headofficesofOttawa'shightechindustryC．anumberofapartmentsandhotelsD．theoldersinglefamilyhomesandtownhouses答案与解析：B细微环节理解题。依据文章第三段“Mostofthebuildingsareofficetowers.WhilemostofOttawa'shightechindustryisbasedelsewhere,ithasasignificantpresenceinthedowntowncore.”可知在渥太华的市中心都是办公大楼，而且主要是高科技行业的办公大楼。3．CollectionsintheNationalGalleryofCanadaaremainly________.A．paintingsanddrawingsB．sculptureandphotographsC．worksbyCanadianartistsD．artworkbyAmericansandEuropeans答案与解析：C细微环节理解题。依据倒数其次段“TheGalleryhasalargeandvaried...AlthoughitsfocusisonCanadianart,italsoholdsworksbysomenotedAmericanandEuropeanartists.”可知，主要保藏的是各种各样的画以及雕像、照片。它主要是保藏加拿大人的艺术作品，同时也保藏一些闻名的美国人和欧洲人的作品，故选C。4．WhichofthefollowingisTRUEabouttheRideauCanal?A．ItistheoldestcanalsysteminNorthAmerica.B．Itwasoriginallyforthemilitarypurpose.C．Theoriginalstructuresremainneverchanged.D．PeoplecanonlygoboatingfromMaytoOctober.答案与解析：B推理推断题。依据最终一段“Attheverybeginning,thepurposeoftheRideauCanalwasmilitary”可知，最初的目的是用于军事。BYou'llbelikelytobecomeangryifyoudon'tgetagoodnight'ssleep,anewpaperreports.Cuttingafewhoursofsleepoutofyourscheduleisn'tasgoodanideaasitmayappear.ResearchersattheIowaThelinkbetweenlack(短缺)ofsleepandnegativemoods(angerincluded)hasbeenprovedinpastresearch,buttheproblemisthatweknowthatthetwocometogether,butnotthatwhetheronecausestheother.Inthecurrentstudy,Krizanandco­authorGarrettHisler,anISUdoctoralstudent,dealwiththisquestion.Underthestudy,volunteersweredividedintotwogroups.Thecontrolgroupfollowedtheirnormalsleeproutine,whiletheexperimentalgroupcuttwotofourhoursofsleepeachnightfortwonights.Onaverage,thecontrolgroupgotalmostsevenhoursofsleepanight,whiletheexperimentalgroupgotaboutfourandahalfhourseachnight.Inordertomeasureanger,theyhadvolunteersvisitthelabbeforeandafterthesleepmanipulation(操纵).Allthewhile,theywereaskedtolistentosomeunpleasantbrownandwhitenoise.Krizansaysthepurposewastocreateuncomfortableconditions.“Ingeneral,angerwasmuchhigherforthosewhosesleepwasrestricted(限制)，”Krizansaid.“Wemanipulatedhowunpleasantthenoisewasduringthetask.Asexpected,volunteersreportedmoreangerwhenthenoisewasmoreunpleasant.Whensleepwasrestricted,peoplereportedevenmoreanger,regardlessofthenoise.”Sleeplossisknowntoincreasenegativemoods,suchasanxietyandsadness,anddecreasepositivemoods,suchashappinessandexcitement.However,theteamsaystheyfoundthatsleeplossuniquelyaffectedanger.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。大家都知道睡眠不足和坏心情之间有联系，但是之前的探讨都没有表明究竟是睡眠不足引起了生气，还是生气引起了睡眠不足。最新的一项探讨给出了答案。5．Whatdidthestudymentionedfindout?A．Somedisadvantagesofsleepingless.B．Somesignsofhavingpoor­qualitysleep.C．Thelinkbetweenlackofsleepandnegativemoods.D．Thecause­effectrelationshipbetweensleeplossandanger.答案与解析：D细微环节理解题。依据第一段的“Thisisoneofthefirststudiestoprovideevidencethatsleeplosscausesanger”以及其次段内容可知，文中提到的那个探讨是发觉了睡眠不足和怒气之间的因果关系。6．What'sthepurposeofaskingthevolunteerstolistentounpleasantnoise?A．Tomakethemangry.B．Tomakethemawake.C．Totaketheirattentionaway.D．Toaffecttheirthinkingability.答案与解析：A推理推断题。依据第四段的“Inordertomeasureanger”和“Krizansaysthepurposewastocreateuncomfortableconditions.”以及后面的试验结果可推想，这个试验中的噪音主要是想制造一个令人不舒适的环境，激起志愿者们的怒气。7．FromwhatKrizansaid,weknow________.A．thereasonsforthestudyB．thefindingsofthestudyC．theprocessofthestudyD．themethodusedinthestudy答案与解析：B细微环节理解题。从倒数其次段Krizan说的话中，我们可以知道关于这个探讨的一些发觉。CIfanyonewhohasriddenahorseforanylengthoftimetoldyoutheyhaveneverfeltanyfear,theywouldbedishonest.Youmayprefertocallit“respect”insteadoffear,butit'salwaysafactthatthe1,000­poundorsoanimalyouaresittingonis,physically,morepowerfulthanyouare.Abadexperience,usuallysomethingthatcannotbeavoidednomatterwhattheriderdoes,canturnhealthyrespecttofear.Onceariderhasbeenphysicallyhurt,itwilltakehim/herawhiletorebuildconfidence.Theoldideapromisedthatifyoujustgotrightbackonagain,everythingwouldbefine.However,suppressing(抑制)fearseldomworks.Besides,suppressingfeardoesn'thelptotelltheriderto“justgetoverit”．Fearisusuallyrelatedtotherider'sskilllevel.Thebestwaytoovercomeridingfearsistoworkondevelopinggoodridingskills.Havinggoodridingskillsgivestheridertheconfidencethatheorshehastheabilitytorideahorseandtodealwithanythingthehorsemightdo.Ridersalsoneedtodevelophabitsthatallowthemtostaymentallyandemotionallycalminarelaxedwaywhentheirhorsebecomesexcitedorfrightened.Theirpartnersalsohavetokeepcalminordertobringtheotherbacktothatstate.Itishardtogetpastyourfearwhenyouworkbyyourself.Findinganexperiencedinstructorwhoknowsyourconfidencecrisis(危机)isimportant.Youneedsomeonewhounderstandshowtobackupandfindthepointwhereyouarecomfortablyriding.Havingtherighthorseorhorsescanalsobeimportantwhenyouarelearningtoridehorsesandtryingtorebuildconfidence.WearefortunatehereatMeredithManortohave130to150horsestochoosefromwhenourinstructorssitdowntomakeweeklyhorseassignment(安排)foreachlearner.【语篇解读】本文是一篇争论文。学骑马的时候心里胆怯 很正常，作者在本文供应了几点建议帮助骑马者克服这种胆怯 。8．WhatdoestheauthorwanttoshowinParagraph1?A．Horsesarereallypowerful.B．Somehorseriderscanbedishonest.C．It'scommonforhorseriderstofear.D．Horseridersshouldrespecttheirhorses.答案与解析：C主旨大意题。依据第一段的内容可知，本段主要是在阐释：每个骑过马的人都曾感到过胆怯 ，这是很普遍的事情。9．Accordingtotheoldidea,afterabadhorseridingexperience,weshould________.A．tryhorseridingagainatonceB．tellourselvestojustgetoveritC．turnourfearsintohealthyrespectD．avoidridingahorseforsometime答案与解析：A细微环节理解题。依据其次段的“Theoldideapromisedthatifyoujustgotrightbackonagain,everythingwouldbefine.”可知，老观点认为，一次失败的经验之后，我们可以通过马上再次尝试来克服恐惊。10．Whatdoestheauthorthinkisthebestwaytoovercomeridingfears?A．Improvingourhorseridingskills.B．Learningtostaycalminanaccident.C．Findingthepointofcomfortablyriding.D．Seekinghelpfromanexperiencedpartner.答案与解析：A细微环节理解题。依据第三段的“Thebestwaytoovercomeridingfearsistoworkondevelopinggoodridingskills.”可知，作者认为克服骑马恐惊最好的方法是提升骑马的技能。Ⅱ.七选五Whenyoupreparetogomountainbiking,thereareafewthingstokeepinmind.__1__Workoutwhetheryouplanontakingexcitingtripsfaroffthebeatenpathorridingonmorestandardtrails(小道),andwhetheryouwanttocompletelong­distancemountainjourneysorshorterones.ThenextstepistomakesureyouhaveagoodunderstandingoftheInternationalMountainBicyclingAssociation'sRulesoftheTrail.__2__First,makesuretoonlyrideonopentrails.Thismeansstayingawayfromprivateareas,closedroads,andespeciallywildernessareas.Beconsiderateofotherswhoareusingthesamepathsasyou,bethemountainbikers,horsebackriders,ormountainclimbers.Thethirdstepistomakesureyouhaveabikethatissuitableforthetypeofridingyouplantodo.__3__Don'tbeafraidtoshoparoundquiteabit—afterall,thisissomethingyou'llbespendingquitesometimeon,andabadfitcanmakeforalotofsufferingdownthetrail.Finally,getgear(装备)togetherforyourtripandchoosesometrails.Alwaysmakesureyouareentirelyself­sufficient(自给自足的)onthetrail.__4__Itisalsoimportanttocarryagoodhelmet(头盔),andthetools