信息必刷卷 01(北京专用)(解析版)

答案第=page11页，共=sectionpages22页年高考英语考前信息必刷卷01北京专用北京属于自主命题地区，2022年统考英语听说考试与笔试分离，实行计算机考试，一年两次考试，取听说最高成绩与笔试成绩一同组成英语科目成绩计入高考总分。英语听说考试共计50分，英语科目总成绩满分150分。笔试部分题型：完形填空（10小题，满分15分）+短文填空（三篇短文10小题，满分15分）+阅读理解（四篇短文14小题，满分28分）+七选五（5小题，满分10分）+阅读回答问题（4小题，满分12分）+书面表达（1小题，满分20分）.回顾2022年高考卷北京卷完形填空是一篇记叙文，考查点：动词词义辨析（4个），动词短语（1个），形容词（3个），副词（1个），名词（1个）。语法填空A篇是一篇记叙文，考查点：介词，不定式，动词时态各一题；B篇是说明文，考查点:非谓语，宾语从句，主谓一致各一题；C篇是记叙文，考查点：反身代词，定语从句，形容词比较级，动词时态各一题。阅读理解A篇应用文，考查点：细节理解题（3题）；B篇记叙文，考查点：细节理解题（3题），推理判断题（1题）；C篇说明文，推理判断题（2题），细节理解题（1题）；D篇，议论文，（推理判断题，细节理解题，词义猜测题，主旨大意题各一。）阅读表达是一篇说明文，写作是一篇应用文-建议信。本套试卷完形填空是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章讲述的是作者的一次海上航行，偶遇暴风雨，让作者感受到生命的短暂，由此改变了对生活的态度。短文填空（A篇是一篇说明文。文章介绍的是久坐不利于健康，好的方法是每坐一小时至少运动1到2分钟；B篇一篇说明文。随着自行车运动的普及，许多城市结合自己的旅游特色开辟了主题路线。文章讲述了下个月即将要举行一系列活动，让市民可以尽情享受；C篇是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了互联网上充满了帮助你确定你出生在哪个年代的测验，这些测试是基于你第一次意识到美国流行文化时所发生的事情，尽管许多人感觉这些测试很愚蠢，但是他们还是会做测试，因为他们想知道测试的答案是否符合他们正确的出生年份）。阅读理解（A篇是一篇应用文。文章介绍的是2023年哈尔滨冰雪节的相关情况；B篇是一篇记叙文。讲述了作者因为口吃而不愿意与人交流，但在加入了全国口吃协会之后，作者变得自信，不再逃避与人交流，且与人联系紧密起来，在生活中取得了很多进步；C篇是一篇说明文。为了阻止偷猎和保护濒危物种，人们正在使用以前用来发现恒星的技术。文章对此进行了介绍；D篇是一篇议论文。文章讲述了几个世纪以来，人们对艺术家有一个错误的认识，认为它们是一群在温饱线上挣扎的人。而事实情况并非如此）。七选五是一篇说明文。谈论眼泪的作用和价值。阅读表达是一篇说明文。书面表达是应用文。第一部分知识运用（共两节，30分）第一节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。InDecember2004,Ihadjustbecomeaprofessionalphotographerandwasworkingonaprojectaboutcommunitieswholiveonthesea.Onemorning,Iwentoutto___1___withsixfishermeninasmallboat.Itwasabout8am,andthesealookeddifferent.Thewaterwastotallystill.20minuteslater,onefishermanpointedtoasmallwhite___2___farinthedistance.Itwasgettingbiggerandbiggerveryquickly.Atsunami(海啸)wavewas___3___throughtheocean!Wewerestuck.Ibegantofeelreally___4___.Thenthecaptaintookcontrol.Hetolduswheretosit,sowewould___5___theboat.Mycamerawasinmybackpack.Iwantedtopicturethescene,butIcouldn’t.Anymovementwouldimbalancetheboat.Suddenlytherewasahugenoise.Thewave___6___theboat,buttheincredibly___7___captainmanagedtoswerve(使突然转向)usupandontothewave.Wesurfeditforafewseconds.Thentheboatglided(滑行)fromthetipofthewavedownintosafewaters.Everyoneletoutheavysighs.Thecaptainhad___8___usall.Survivinggavemeadeepunderstandingofhow___9___lifecanbe.ThepictureIwantedtotakeontheboatremains“theonethatgotaway”-Ithinkeveryphotographerhasone.Butmine____10____mylife.1．A．sea B．breakfast C．exercise D．beaches2．A．ship B．bird C．star D．spot3．A．squeezing B．swinging C．speeding D．breaking4．A．puzzled B．scared C．disappointed D．interested5．A．abandon B．repair C．board D．balance6．A．hit B．destroyed C．missed D．overturned7．A．skilled B．proud C．hopeless D．violent8．A．left B．saved C．corrected D．cheated9．A．fair B．happy C．short D．positive10．A．took B．showed C．entered D．changed【答案】1．A

2．D

3．C

4．B

5．D

6．A

7．A

8．B

9．C

10．D【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章讲述的是作者的一次海上航行，偶遇暴风雨，让作者感受到生命的短暂，由此改变了对生活的态度。1．考查名词词义辨析。句意：一天早上，我和六个渔夫一起坐一条小船出海。A.sea大海；B.breakfast早餐；C.exercise锻炼；D.beaches海滩。根据前文“Ihadjustbecomeaprofessionalphotographerandwasworkingonaprojectaboutcommunitieswholiveonthesea.”可知，作者刚成为一名专业摄影师的时候，正在拍摄一个关于生活在海上的社区的项目，故此处表示和六个渔夫坐船出海。故选A。2．考查名词词义辨析。句意：20分钟后，一名渔民指着远处的一个小白点。A.ship船只；B.bird鸟；C.star星星；D.spot点。根据后文“Itwasgettingbiggerandbiggerveryquickly.”可知，一名渔民指着远处的一个小白点，它很快变得越来越大。故选D。3．考查动词词义辨析。句意：一场海啸正在海洋中快速移动！A.squeezing挤；B.swinging摇晃；C.speeding快速移动；D.breaking打破。根据后文“Wewerestuck.”可知，海浪的速度飞快，在海洋中疾驰。故选C。4．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我开始感到非常害怕。A.puzzled困惑的；B.scared害怕的；C.disappointed失望的；D.interested感兴趣的。根据前文“Wewerestuck.”可知，作者一行遭遇了海啸，被困住了，根据常识可推断作者感到非常害怕。故选B。5．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他告诉我们坐在哪里，这样我们就能使船保持平衡。A.abandon抛弃；B.repair修理；C.board登陆；D.balance平衡。根据前文“wheretosit”可知，此处表示船长告诉作者和其他人坐在原地，这样保持船的平衡。故选D。6．考查动词词义辨析。句意：波浪击中了小船，但熟练的船长设法使我们转向，使我们上了浪头。A.hit击中；B.destroyed破坏；C.missed错过；D.overturned推翻。根据后文“buttheincredibly___7___captainmanagedtoswerve(使突然转向)usupandontothewave.”可知，船长让船转向行驶到海浪之上，因此可知海浪击中了小船。故选A。7．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：同上。A.skilled熟练的；B.proud骄傲的；C.hopeless绝望的；D.violent暴力的。根据后文的“managedtoswerve(使突然转向)usupandontothewave.”可知，船长熟练地将船只转变方向，冲到了海浪上。故选A。8．考查动词词义辨析。句意：船长救了我们所有人。A.left离开；B.saved拯救；C.corrected纠正；D.cheated欺骗。根据前文“Everyoneletoutheavysighs.”可知，每个人都长舒了一口气，可推断船长拯救了我们。故选B。9．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：生存让我深刻地认识到生命是多么短暂。A.fair公平的；B.happy高兴的；C.short短的；D.positive积极的。根据前文的“Surviving”可知，作者在生死关头认识到生命是多么的短暂。故选C。10．考查动词词义辨析。句意：但我的照片改变了我的生活。A.took带走；B.showed展示；C.entered进入；D.changed改变。根据前文“Survivinggavemeadeepunderstandingofhow___9___lifecanbe.”可知，作者在生死关头拍下的照片让作者意识到生命是多么的短暂，由此改变了作者对生活的认识。故选D。第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）A阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。Researchshowsthatindividualswhositallday,eveniftheygotothegymforanhour,areat____11____(great)diseaseriskthanthosewhoaremoreactiveduringtheday.Informalactivitysuchas____12____(walk)isbeneficialtooverallhealth.Whilethereisno____13____(publish)recommendationfor“safe”sittingtimeyet,agoodruleofthumbistomoveforatleast1to2minuteseachhourofsitting.【答案】11．greater

12．walking

13．published【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍的是久坐不利于健康，好的方法是每坐一小时至少运动1到2分钟。11．考查形容词。句意：研究表明，那些整天坐着的人，即使他们去健身房锻炼一个小时，也比那些白天更活跃的人有更高的疾病风险。分析句子，设空处使用形容词作定语，句中than为比较级的标志，故使用great的比较级greater。故填greater。12．考查非谓语动词。句意：散步等非正式的活动对整体健康有益。分析句子，设空处使用walk的动名词walking作suchas的宾语。故填walking。13．考查非谓语动词。句意：虽然目前还没有发表过关于“安全”坐着时间的建议，但一个好的经验法则是每坐一小时至少运动1到2分钟。分析句子，设空处使用过去分词作定语修饰recommendation，此处publish意为“发表”，其过去分词为published，其与recommendation之间是被动关系，故用过去分词。故填published。B阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。Withthepopularityofcycling,manycitieshavecombinedtheirtourismcharacteristicstolaunchthemedroutes.Fromindoorexhibitions____14____outdoorconcertsandnightcyclingalongtheSouthCentralAxis(轴),aseriesofactivities____15____(introduce)nextmonthsothaturbanresidentscanenjoythemselves.AnofficialoftheChinaTourismAcademysaid,“Asmasstourismgrowsinpopularity,onlyhigh-qualityoutdoortourismproductscanattractvisitorsandtheintegrationofmicro-vacationproductswithoutdoorsportsproducts____16____(have)abroadspacefordevelopment.”【答案】14．to

15．willbeintroduced

16．has##willhave【导语】这是一篇说明文。随着自行车运动的普及，许多城市结合自己的旅游特色开辟了主题路线。文章讲述了下个月即将要举行一系列活动，让市民可以尽情享受。14．考查介词。句意：从室内展览到户外音乐会，以及沿中南轴的夜间自行车活动，下个月将推出一系列活动，让市民可以尽情享受。固定结构：from...to...“从……到……”，结合句意，此处指从室内展览到户外音乐会，以及沿中南轴的夜间自行车活动，表示活动种类多。故填to。15．考查一般将来时的被动语态。句意：同上。空处在句中为谓语，结合空后“nextmonth”可知，时态为一般将来时；句子主语“aseriesofactivities”和动词“introduce”为动宾关系，所以此处用被动语态。故填willbeintroduced。16．考查时态。句意：“随着大众旅游的普及，只有高质量的户外旅游产品才能吸引游客，且将微型度假产品与户外运动产品相结合，（将会）具有广阔的发展空间。”分析句子可知，空处为and后的并列句中的谓语，结合句意，这里可以表示一般性事实，用一般现在时，也可以表示将来的情况，用一般将来时，主语是单数，所以空处可以用has/willhave，故填has/willhave。C阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。Whenwereyouborn?Formostpeople,thisisaneasyquestion.Eventhosewhodon’tknowtheirexactbirthdaycanusuallyfigureoutwhentheywereborntowithinafewyears.YettheInternetisfullofquizzes____17____(make)tohelpyoudetermineinwhichdecadeyouwereborn.Theseareusuallybasedonwhat____18____(happen)inAmericanpopcultureatthetimeyoufirstbecameawareofit.Itsoundsfoolish.Butmanypeople,though____19____(complain)aboutthestupidquizzes,stilltakethem,wondering____20____theiranswersgeneratetheircorrectbirthyear.【答案】17．made

18．washappening

19．complaining

20．if##whether【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了互联网上充满了帮助你确定你出生在哪个年代的测验，这些测试是基于你第一次意识到美国流行文化时所发生的事情，尽管许多人感觉这些测试很愚蠢，但是他们还是会做测试，因为他们想知道测试的答案是否符合他们正确的出生年份。17．考查非谓语动词。句意：然而，互联网上充满了帮助你确定你出生在哪个年代的测验。句中有谓语动词is，且前后无连词，此处应用非谓语动词作定语，修饰名词quizzes，动词make和quizzes是被动关系，因为makequizzes意为“做测试”，此处“测试是被做”，所以此处应用过去分词made作后置定语，故填made。18．考查时态。句意：这些通常是基于你第一次意识到美国流行文化时所发生的事情。what引导宾语从句，空处在从句中作谓语，由atthetimeyoufirstbecameawareofit可知，句子描述过去当下时间点发生的事，应用过去进行时，故填washappening。19．考查状语从句的省略。句意：但是许多人，虽然一边抱怨愚蠢的测验，但一边却仍然做测试，因为他们想知道测试的答案是否产生正确的出生年份。此处是though引导的状语从句的省略，从句主语和主句主语是同一主语，所以从句省略主语和系动词，从句主语manypeople和动词complain是主动关系，应用现在分词形式和系动词are构成现在进行时，即完整句子为thoughmanypeoplearecomplainingaboutthestupidquizzes，省略句为：thoughcomplainingaboutthestupidquizzes，故填complaining。20．考查宾语从句。句意：但是许多人，虽然一边抱怨愚蠢的测验，但一边却仍然做测试，因为他们想知道测试的答案是否产生正确的出生年份。空处引导宾语从句，从句不缺成分，根据句意可知，此处表示“是否”，应用不做成分，只起连接作用的if/whether来引导，故填if/whether。第二部分阅读理解（共两节，38分）第一节（共14小题；每小题2分，共28分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AHarbinIceFestival2023EverthinkofwhatElsa’sicepalacemightlooklikeinreallife?Icestairs,icewalls,andicetowers?Whenwinterapproaches,Harbinturnsintoakingdomoficeandsnow.TheannualHarbinIceandSnowFestivalopensinlateDecemberandlastsforaround3months,tilllateFebruary.What’sNewforHarbinIceFestivalEveryyear,there’sauniquethemefortheIceFestival.AhugeSnowflakeFerrisWheel(摩天轮)hasalreadybeenbuiltinsidethepark.VisitorswillbeabletorideontheFerrisWheelandoverlooktheicecastlesinearly2023.Forthisupcomingfestival,thehighlightmaybewhenthegiantSnowflakeiscolorfullylitupatnight,shininghighinthesky.YearlyTimeLineDatesActivitiesEarlyDecemberIceHarvestDecemberCarvingandBuildingChristmasperiodUnofficialOpeningJan.5,2023OpeningCeremonyJan.18toFeb.15,2023SpecialCelebrationsforChineseNewYearLateFeb.toearlyMar.IceandsnowsculpturesstarttomeltClickhereandBookNow!TicketsforHarbinIceandSnowWorldareonsalenow!*Dec.25,2022—Jan.5,2023:¥170/person(halfpriceforchildren)*Jan.6,2023—Feb.28,2023:¥230/person(halfpriceforchildren)Contactusforavailabletourdatesbeforetheyarefullybooked.AttentionAslongastheiceandsnowsculpturesareopentovisitors,itisimpossibletotakephotosofthecharmingicebuildingswithoutanyvisitorsin!Thismightbedifferentfromwhatyouseeinthemedia(thathavespecialaccess).21．What’sthehighlightforthefestival?A．VisitorswillbeabletorideontheFerrisWheel.B．SeeingElsa’sicepalaceinreallife.C．ThegiantSnowflakeiscolorfullylitupatnight.D．AhugeFerrisWheelhasalreadybeenbuiltinsidethepark.22．WhatwilltakeplaceduringtheChristmastime?A．Thefestivalwillopeninformally.B．Therewillbespecialcelebrations.C．Theopeningceremonywillstartofficially.D．Icewillbegintobecarved.23．Ifacouplewiththeirthreekidsgotoseetheopeningceremony,howmuchshouldtheypay?A．¥510 B．¥425 C．¥595 D．¥680【答案】21．C

22．A

23．C【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍的是2023年哈尔滨冰雪节的相关情况。21．细节理解题。根据标题“What’sNewforHarbinIceFestival”（哈尔滨冰雪节有什么新鲜事）下的“Forthisupcomingfestival,thehighlightmaybewhenthegiantSnowflakeiscolorfullylitupatnight,shininghighinthesky.”（对于即将到来的这个冰雪节，最大的亮点可能是巨型雪花彩灯在天上点亮，在天空中高高地闪亮。）可知冰雪节最精彩的就是冰雪摩天轮在夜晚点亮的时候。故选C项。22．细节理解题。根据“YearlyTimeLine”（每年的时间表）表格中的信息中的“UnofficialOpening”（非官方开幕）可知，在圣诞节期间会有非官方的开幕。故选A项。23．细节理解题。根据“YearlyTimeLine”表格中的信息中的“OpeningCeremony”（开幕式）的时间是“Jan.5,2023”（2023年1月5日），再根据表格下面的价格信息中的“*Dec.25,2022—Jan.5,2023:¥170/person(halfpriceforchildren)”（2022年12月25日—2023年1月5日：170元/人（儿童半价））可以计算出，一对夫妇和三个孩子的费用是¥595（2*170+3*85）。故选C项。B“Didyouforgetyourname?”someoneaskedmeatanetworkingeventafewyearsagoafterittookmealmostaminutetosayit.“No,Istutter(口吃),”Ipolitelyreplied.ThisiswhatIhavetofaceeveryday.SoIwasn’tupset.I’vestutteredsinceIwasthreeyearsold.Inmycase,stutteringusuallyshowsitselfintermsofrepetitions:“MynameisS-S-S-S-Samuel.”Insteadofbeingunhappyabouttheexperienceatthenetworkingevent,IfeltproudthatI’dbroughtupmystuttering.ButIwasn’talwayssoforthcomingaboutit.WhenIwasgrowingup,Ihardlyspoke.Whetheritwasatschooloratwork,Iavoidedmostsocialsituationsoutofembarrassmentandfearofbeinglaughedat.ButthingsbecamedifferentafterIattendedtheNationalStutteringAssociationmeeting,thelargestgatheringofstutterersworldwide.ItwasthefirsttimeI’dmetsomanyotherprofessionalswhostutter—lawyers,doctors,actors,etc.—allinoneplace.Tomysurprise,everyonespokewithoutfearorembarrassment.Infact,theywereproud.Stutteringwascelebrated.ThatwaswhenIfirstrealizedthatstutteringisn’tsomethingtobeashamedof.It’sjustsomethingIhappentodo,andthat’sokay.Thechangedidn’thappenovernight,butoverthelasteightyears,I’vestartedtobringupmystutteringmore.I’vetalkedtofriendsandco-workers.I’vementioneditineveryorganizationI’veworkedfor.AndwhenItalkaboutitwithothers,itencouragesthemtoopenup,too.Mystutteringhasallowedmetoconnectwithothersanddevelopstrongertieswiththem.Don’tgetmewrong.It’sstillfrustratingwhenIknowexactlywhatIwanttosaybutIjustcan’tseemtogetthewordsoutofmymouth.ButtodayIdon’tletmystutteringholdmeback.Instead,Iletitpushmeforwardandhelpmemakeprogress.24．Bysaying“Iwasn’talwayssoforthcomingaboutit”,theauthormeans________.A．hewasonceanoutgoingpersonB．heregrettedtalkingabouthisstutteringC．heusedtoavoidopeningupabouthisstutteringD．hewasunwillingtoreceivecommentsonhisspeech25．HowdidtheNationalStutteringAssociationmeetinginfluencetheauthor?A．Hebegantomakefriendswithstutterers.B．Helearnedsomeskillsatstoppingstutteringthere.C．Itmadehimfocushisattentionongoodcomments.D．Theconfidentstuttererschangedhisattitudetostuttering.26．Whathappenedaftertheauthorstartedbringinguphisstuttering?A．Hehasimprovedhisworkperformance.B．Hebecamepopularamonghisco-workers.C．Helearnedtoexpresshimselfwithsimplewords.D．Hewasabletobuildacloserelationshipwithothers.27．Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A．Thepowerofacceptingmystutter B．ThechallengefromnormalpeopleC．Specialwaystolivewithstuttering D．Myexperienceofovercomingstuttering【答案】24．C

25．D

26．D

27．A【导语】本文为一篇记叙文。讲述了作者因为口吃而不愿意与人交流，但在加入了全国口吃协会之后，作者变得自信，不再逃避与人交流，且与人联系紧密起来，在生活中取得了很多进步。24．推理判断题。根据文章第二段中本句后文“WhenIwasgrowingup,Ihardlyspoke.Whetheritwasatschooloratwork,Iavoidedmostsocialsituationsoutofembarrassmentandfearofbeinglaughedat.（在我成长过程中，我很少说话。无论是在学校还是在工作中，因害怕尴尬和被嘲笑，我会去避免社交。）”可知，作者的意思是他过去常常避免提及自己口吃的事情，也因为害怕尴尬和被嘲笑，而避免社交，故选C。25．细节理解题。根据文章第三段“ThatwaswhenIfirstrealizedthatstutteringisn’tsomethingtobeashamedof.It’sjustsomethingIhappentodo,andthat’sokay.（就在那时，我意识到，口吃并不是什么令人羞愧的事情，这只是我碰巧做的事情，没什么关系的。）”可知，在参加了国家口吃协会后，作者对口吃有了新的认识，协会里自信的口吃者给了改变了他对口吃原有的态度，故选D。26．细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段“Thechangedidn’thappenovernight,butoverthelasteightyears,I’vestartedtobringupmystutteringmore.I’vetalkedtofriendsandco-workers.I’vementioneditineveryorganizationI’veworkedfor.AndwhenItalkaboutitwithothers,itencouragesthemtoopenup,too.Mystutteringhasallowedmetoconnectwithothersanddevelopstrongertieswiththem.（这种改变并不是一夜之间发生的，在过去的八年间，我开始更多地提到我的口吃。我和朋友和同事交流，在每个我工作的机构里，我都会提及我的口吃。当我与其他人提起时，也鼓励了他们与我交流。勇敢面对口吃让我敢于与其他人交流，也让我与其他人培养了紧密的联系。）”可知，在作者勇敢面对自己的口吃后，作者与其他人建立了紧密的联系，故选D。27．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其文章最后一段“ButtodayIdon’tletmystutteringholdmeback.Instead,Iletitpushmeforwardandhelpmemakeprogress.（但是今天，我不再让我的口吃阻止我。相反，我让它推动我前进，帮助我取得进步。）”可知，本文主要讲述了作者因为口吃而不愿意与人交流，但在加入了全国口吃协会之后，接受了自己的口吃，作者变得自信，不再逃避与人交流，且与人联系紧密起来，在生活中取得了很多进步。故A项“接受口吃的力量”符合文章标题，故选A。CInanefforttostoppoachingandprotectendangeredspecies,peopleareusingtechnologypreviouslycreatedtodiscoverstars.ClaireBurke,wholedtheproject,saystheapplicationofthestar-huntingtechhassofarpaidoffbigforconservation.“Sinceanimalsandhumansinthermalimagery(热成像)‘glow’inthesamewayasstarsinspace,wehavebeenabletocombinethetechnicalexpertiseofastronomerswiththeconservationknowledgeofecologiststodevelopasystemtofindtheanimalsorpoachersautomatically,”shesaidinastatement.Inadditiontospeciesidentification,thesoftwarecanalsoprovideanoverviewofhealth.Burkesaidthatdiseasedorinjuredanimalsgiveoffadifferentthermalimagerythanthehealthyones.“Therealadvantagethisgivesyouisthatifyouknowhowmanyanimalsyouhaveandwheretheyareandwhatkindofhealththeyarein,thenyoucanworkoutagoodconservationstrategyforlookingafterthem,”shesaid.ThefollowingisapostwrittenbyBurkeonTwitter:Moreanimalsforthethermalimagerylibrary.ThankstoChesterZooScience@ScienceatCZforlettingusobservetheirfantasticcreatures.Imagesaregiraffes,Indianelephants,andfruitbats.—ClaireBurke(@CBurkeSci)October27.Totrainthesoftwareonawidevarietyofheatsignaturesfromdifferentspecies,theteamofresearchersspenttimecollectingthermalimageryofanimals.TheirfirstfieldtrialtodetectRiverinerabbits,oneofthemostendangeredmammalsintheworld(withonly500livingadultsleftinthewild),wasacompletesuccess.“Therabbitsareverysmall,soweflewthedrone(无人机)quitelowtothegroundataheightof20meters(65feet).Althoughthislimitedtheareawecouldcoverwiththedrone,wemanagedtoseetherabbitfivetimes,”saidBurke.“Giventhattherehaveonlybeenabout1,000timespeoplehaveseenRiverinerabbits,itwasarealsuccess.”28．Whatcanpeopledecidebyobservingthethermalimageryoftheanimals?A．Whattheanimalsaredoing. B．Whentheanimalsneedhelp.C．Whethertheanimalsarehealthy. D．Whytheanimalsareindanger.29．WhatdidtheresearchersfindoutafterdetectingtheRiverinerabbits?A．Thenumberofthemisdecreasing.B．Itisdifficultforpeopletoidentifythem.C．Therearemoreofthemthanpeoplethought.D．Itiseasiertofindthemusingthehigh-techtool.30．Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A．Technologyhashelpedalotinhelpingtheendangeredanimals.B．Researchersusestargazingtoolstoprotectendangeredspecies.C．Whatweshoulddotoprotecttheendangeredanimals.D．Scientistsareworkinghardtoprotecttheenvironment.【答案】28．C

29．D

30．B【导语】这是一篇说明文。为了阻止偷猎和保护濒危物种，人们正在使用以前用来发现恒星的技术。文章对此进行了介绍。28．细节理解题。根据第二段第一句“Inadditiontospeciesidentification,thesoftwarecanalsoprovideanoverviewofhealth.(除了物种识别，该软件还可以提供健康概况。)”可知，人们可以通过观察动物的热像来判断动物是否健康。故选C。29．推理判断题。根据最后一段倒第二句中的“Althoughthislimitedtheareawecouldcoverwiththedrone,wemanagedtoseetherabbitfivetimes(虽然这限制了我们无人机能覆盖的区域，但我们还是成功地看到了这种兔子五次)”和最后一句“Giventhattherehaveonlybeenabout1,000timespeoplehaveseenRiverinerabbits,itwasarealsuccess.(考虑到人们只有大约1000次看到河兔，这是一个真正的成功。)”可知，在检测河兔后，研究人员发现使用高科技工具更容易找到它们。故选D。30．主旨大意题。根据第一段第一句“Inanefforttostoppoachingandprotectendangeredspecies,peopleareusingtechnologypreviouslycreatedtodiscoverstars.(为了阻止偷猎和保护濒危物种，人们正在使用以前用来发现恒星的技术。)”可知，文章主要是讲研究人员使用观星工具来保护濒危物种。故选B。DForcenturies,artistsusuallygivepeopleanimpression:theyarethe“StarvingArtists”,strugglingtomakeendsmeet.HenriMurgerprovedthat.HewasbornthesonofadoormaninFrance.LivinginParis,hewassurroundedbycreativegeniusesanddreamedofjoiningthem,buthegrewupsetwithhisfailuretoearnmoney.In1847,Murgerpublishedabook.It’sacollectionofstoriesaboutpoverty,whichlaunchedtheconceptofthe“StarvingArtists”intothepublic’sunderstandingasthemodelforacreativelife.Tothisday,itenduresasthemodelforwhatweimaginewhenwethinkoftheword“artist”.Today,whatweforgetisthatthestoryofthe“StarvingArtist”isamyth.Infact,itisreallyjustanimaginarystory.DuetothepowerofthismythinMurger’sbook,manyofusjustwanttobecomelawyersinsteadofwriters,bankersinsteadofpoets,anddoctorsinsteadofpainters.Nobodywantstostruggleultimately.Thus,wejustkeepourpassionahobbyinsteadofacareer.IntheearlyRenaissance,artistsdidnothavereputationsforbeingdiligentworkers.Theywereconsideredmanuallaborers,receivingsmallamountsofmoneyfortheirwork.MichelangeloBuonarroti,however,changedallthat.Hewasnotonlyamastersculptorbutalsothemostaffluentartistofhistime.Afterhim,everyartistbegantoseea“newpatternofdoingthings”,inthewordsofBillWallace,professorofarthistoryatWashingtonUniversity.Michelangeloestablishedtheideathatanartistcouldbecomeanewfigureinsocietyandhaveahighersocialstatus,andalsothathecouldbecomefinanciallysuccessful.Michelangelodidnotneedtostarveforhiscreations,andneitherdoyou.Whenwehearthetalesandwarningsaboutwhatitmeanstobeanartist,wemustunderstandanimportanttruth—youdon’thavetostarveandyoumightaswellmakealivingfromyourcreativetalents.31．WhatconceptispresentedinHenriMurger’sstorycollection?A．Artistsarenoteasytobecomewellknown.B．Beingcreativeisnotareallygoodthingsometimes.C．Artistsusuallyexperiencefinancialdifficulties.D．Onehastobeaverycreativegeniustobeanartist.32．Whatisdescribedinparagraph3?A．People’simaginationofartists. B．People’svariouscommentsonbeingartists.C．Murger’sunderstandingofartists. D．TheinfluenceofMurger’sbooks.33．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“affluent”inparagraph4probablymean?A．Wealthy. B．Controversial. C．Starving. D．Humorous.34．What’sthemainpurposeofthelastparagraph?A．Toaskpeopletoreadmoretales. B．Toadvisepeopletomakeuseoftheirtalents.C．Toencouragepeopletoleadarichlife. D．Totellsuccessfulartistsanimportanttruth.【答案】31．C

32．D

33．A

34．B【导语】这是一篇议论文。文章讲述了几个世纪以来，人们对艺术家有一个错误的认识，认为它们是一群在温饱线上挣扎的人。而事实情况并非如此。31．细节理解题。根据第二段“It’sacollectionofstoriesaboutpoverty,whichlaunchedtheconceptofthe“StarvingArtists”intothepublic’sunderstandingasthemodelforacreativelife.(这是一套关于贫困的故事集，它引起了饥饿的艺术家这一概念，成为了大众理解中的创造性生活的典范)”可知，HenriMurger在他的故事集里面提到艺术家通常会经历经济上的困难，故选C项。32．细节理解题。根据第三段“DuetothepowerofthismythinMurger’sbook,manyofusjustwanttobecomelawyersinsteadofwriters,bankersinsteadofpoets,anddoctorsinsteadofpainters.Nobodywantstostruggleultimately(由于Murger’书中的神话的力量，我们许多人想成为律师而不是作家，银行家而不是诗人，医生而不是画家。没人愿意最终在贫苦中挣扎)”可知，第三段主要讲了Murger的书所带来的影响，故选D项。33．推理判断题。根据第四段“Theywereconsideredmanuallaborers,receivingsmallamountsofmoneyfortheirwork.MichelangeloBuonarroti,however,changedallthat.(他们被认为是体力劳动者，工作收入很少。然而MichelangeloBuonarroti改变了这一切)”其中的转折词可知，上文说的是收入很低，而MichelangeloBuonarroti改变了这一切，工作收入很高，可推理出划线部分的含义为富有，故选A项。34．推理判断题。根据最后一段“youdon’thavetostarveandyoumightaswellmakealivingfromyourcreativetalents(你不必挨饿，说不定你还能利用你创造性的天分去谋生)”可知，最后一段的目的是劝说人们要充分利用他们的才能，故选B项。第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。TheValueofTearsTearscanruinmake-up,bringconversationtoastop,andgiveyouarunnynose.Tearsleaveyouembarrassedandwithoutenergy.Still,cryingisafactoflife,andyourtearsareveryuseful.Evenwhenyou’renotcrying,theymakeafilmovertheeye’ssurface.___35___Whentearsfall,theyreducestress.Butwetendtofightthemforallsortsofreasons.“Peopleworryaboutshowingtheiremotions,afraidthatoncetheylosecontrolthey’llnevergetitback.”___36___Afterwecry,thefeelingsthatcausedthetearsoftendisappear.Sometimespeoplebecomemuchstressedandcan’tcry.Whateveremotiontheyarefeeling—shock,anger,fear,orsadness—isbeingheldback.Buteveryonehastheneedtocry.PsychologistVeraDiamondexplainsthathertreatmentoftenconsistsofgivingpeoplepermissiontocry.___37___Patientspracticecryingjusttobecomeusedtoexpressingemotions.Shesuggestssafe,privateplacestocry,likeunderthebedcoversorinthecar.Cryingisawayofreducingtension,butpeopledon’tlikeitwhenotherscrybecauseitmakesthemtense.___38___Andthey’lldojustaboutanythingtomakeyoustop.Incertainsituations,suchasatwork,tearsarenotappropriate.It’sgoodnottocryduringatensebusinessdiscussion.___39___Youshouldalsoactoutthewholesituationagainandbeasnoisyandangryasyoulike.Itwillhelpyoufeelbetter.“And,”sheadds,“Onceyourtearshavetakenawaythestress,youcanbegintothinkcalmlyofwaystodealwiththeproblem.”Tearsareasignofourabilitytofeel.Ifyoufindyourselfnearsomeonecrying,dealwithit.Andneverbeafraidtocryyourself.A．Theytoomaybeholdingbackaneedtocry.B．Theycryfordifferentreasons.C．Shegivescryingexercises.D．Itcontainsachemicalagainstinfection.E．Thefactisthatnoemotionlastsforever.F．Itformsinresponsetothestressonthesurfaceoftheeye.G．Butonceyou’resafelybehindcloseddoors,don’tjustcry.【答案】35．D

36．E

37．C

38．A

39．G【分析】本文属于说明文。谈论眼泪的作用和价值。35．考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据上文Still,cryingisafactoflife,andyourtearsareveryuseful.Evenwhenyou’renotcrying,theymakeafilmovertheeye’ssurface.可知，眼泪是有用的，即使你不哭，眼泪也可以覆盖你的眼睛表面，D项“它包含对抗感染的化学物质。”符合语境，说明眼泪的作用。，故选D。36．考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据本段最后一句Afterwecry,thefeelingsthatcausedthetearsoftendisappear哭过之后，导致哭泣的原因也就消失了，因此没有什么情绪可以永远持续下去，故选E。37．考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据本段第二句PsychologistVeraDiamondexplainsthathertreatmentoftenconsistsofgivingpeoplepermissiontocry.这位心理医生说她的治疗方法里面包括允许病人哭泣，因此C项“她给予哭的练习”符合语境，故选C。38．考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据本句前后句的主语都是they可知，本段主要阐述人们不喜欢他人哭泣，主要是因为会引起自己紧张，因此他们或许会让你忍住哭的需求。故选A。39．考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据本句后一句Youshouldalsoactoutthewholesituationagainandbeasnoisyandangryasyoulike.你应该再次控制整个场面，尽可能的发怒和生气，因此可以得出，在哭过之后，还是要表示自己的愤怒，故选G。第三部分书面表达（共两节，32分）第一节（共4小题；第40、41题各2分，第42题3分，第43题5分，共12分）阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。ConfuciusInstituteisanon-profitpublicinstitutewhichaimsatpromotingChineselanguageandcultureandsupportinglocalChineseteachinginternationallythroughaffiliatedConfuciusInstitutes.ItsheadquartersisinBeijingandisundertheOfficeofChineseLanguageCouncilInternationalorHanbaninChinese.Overthepastthreedecades,Chineseeconomyisbooming.TheworldiswatchingChinaandmanyforeignershaverealizedtheimportanceofseekingcooperation,sotheywanttodobusinesswithChinesepeopleandlearningourlanguageworksbetter,Confuciusinstituteprovidestheplacetolearnmandarin.AstheworldiscrazyaboutChinese,moreandmoreforeignershaveinterestinourlanguageandculture.Withthepurposeofpromotingourlanguageandculture,ConfuciusinstituteprogramwassetupinKoreain2004,nowtheConfuciusinstituteisallaroundtheworld.TheforeignerspractiseChinesesohard.Theylearnhowtopronounceandwrite,evenusethechopsticks.TheConfuciusinstituteprogramworkswell.ThereisabiggestcompetitionfortheforeignertoshowtheirChinese.Whenwewatchtheshow,wewillrealizetheycanspeakChinesesowellan