决战阅读之说明文-调查研究类1 精讲课件（自测篇）

(高中说明文)调查研究类1决战阅读之巅

培养快速理清篇章结构，抓取文章大意的能力。运用说明文体裁分析，规范阅读理解的解题步骤。学会使用“脱衣服”大法分析长难句。积累与调查研究类说明文相关的主题词汇。真题演练PART4①

Monkeysseemtohaveawaywithnumbers.②

AteamofresearcherstrainedthreeRhesusmonkeystoassociate26clearlydifferentsymbolsconsistingofnumbersandselectiveletterswith0-25dropsofwaterorjuiceasareward.Theresearchersthentestedhowthemonkeyscombined—oradded—thesymbolstogetthereward.③

Here'showHarvardMedicalSchoolscientistMargaretLivingstone,wholedtheteam,describedtheexperiment:Intheircagesthemonkeyswereprovidedwithtouchscreens.Ononepartofthescreen,asymbolwouldappear,andontheothersidetwosymbolsinsideacirclewereshown.Forexample,thenumber7wouldflashononesideofthescreenandtheotherendwouldhave9and8.Ifthemonkeystouchedtheleftsideofthescreentheywouldberewardedwithsevendropsofwaterorjuice;iftheywentforthecircle,theywouldberewardedwiththesumofthenumbers—17inthisexample.(2019年全国ⅢD)④

Afterrunninghundredsoftests,theresearchersnotedthatthemonkeyswouldgoforthehighervaluesmorethanhalfthetime,indicatingthattheywereperformingacalculation,notjustmemorizingthevalueofeachcombination.⑤

Whentheteamexaminedtheresultsoftheexperimentmoreclosely,theynoticedthatthemonkeystendedtounderestimate(低估)asumcomparedwithasinglesymbolwhenthetwowerecloseinvalue—sometimeschoosing,forexample,a13overthesumof8and6.Theunderestimationwassystematic:Whenaddingtwonumbers,themonkeysalwayspaidattentiontothelargerofthetwo,andthenaddedonlyafraction(⼩部分)ofthesmallernumbertoit.⑥

"Thisindicatesthatthereisacertainwayquantityisrepresentedintheirbrains,"Dr.Livingstonesays.“Butinthisexperimentwhatthey'redoingispayingmoreattentiontothebignumberthanthelittleone.”(2019年全国ⅢD)题目速览Whatdidtheresearchersdotothemonkeysbeforetestingthem?Theyfedthem.Theynamedthem.Theytrainedthem.Theymeasuredthem.8Howdidthemonkeysgettheirrewardintheexperiment?Bydrawingacircle.Bytouchingascreen.Bywatchingvideos.Bymixingtwodrinks.9题目见讲义WhatdidLivingstone'steamfindaboutthemonkeys?A.Theycouldperformbasicaddition.B.Theycouldunderstandsimplewords.C.Theycouldmemorizenumberseasily.D.Theycouldholdtheirattentionforlong.10Inwhichsectionofanewspapermaythistextappear?Entertainment.Health.Education.Science.11(2019年全国ⅢD)①

Monkeysseemtohaveawaywithnumbers.②

AteamofresearcherstrainedthreeRhesusmonkeystoassociate26clearlydifferentsymbolsconsistingofnumbersandselectiveletterswith0-25dropsofwaterorjuiceasareward.Theresearchersthentestedhowthemonkeyscombined—oradded—thesymbolstogetthereward.③

Here'showHarvardMedicalSchoolscientistMargaretLivingstone,wholedtheteam,describedtheexperiment:Intheircagesthemonkeyswereprovidedwithtouchscreens.Ononepartofthescreen,asymbolwouldappear,andontheothersidetwosymbolsinsideacirclewereshown.Forexample,thenumber7wouldflashononesideofthescreenandtheotherendwouldhave9and8.Ifthemonkeystouchedtheleftsideofthescreentheywouldberewardedwithsevendropsofwaterorjuice;iftheywentforthecircle,theywouldberewardedwiththesumofthenumbers—17inthisexample.④

Afterrunninghundredsoftests,theresearchersnotedthatthemonkeyswouldgoforthehighervaluesmorethanhalfthetime,indicatingthattheywereperformingacalculation,notjustmemorizingthevalueofeachcombination.⑤

Whentheteamexaminedtheresultsoftheexperimentmoreclosely,theynoticedthatthemonkeystendedtounderestimate(低估)asumcomparedwithasinglesymbolwhenthetwowerecloseinvalue—sometimeschoosing,forexample,a13overthesumof8and6.Theunderestimationwassystematic:Whenaddingtwonumbers,themonkeysalwayspaidattentiontothelargerofthetwo,andthenaddedonlyafraction(⼩部分)ofthesmallernumbertoit.⑥

"Thisindicatesthatthereisacertainwayquantityisrepresentedintheirbrains,"Dr.Livingstonesays.“Butinthisexperimentwhatthey'redoingispayingmoreattentiontothebignumberthanthelittleone.”Monkeysseemtohaveawaywithnumbers.说明对象研究过程研究结果一般特殊摘要一般特殊型

说明文引言正文总结快速通读文章完成下面的摘要，并找出所对应的题目。勾画思维导图，判断问题类型，再作答Whatdidtheresearchersdotothemonkeysbeforetestingthem?Theyfedthem.Theynamedthem.Theytrainedthem.Theymeasuredthem.8Howdidthemonkeysgettheirrewardintheexperiment?Bydrawingacircle.Bytouchingascreen.Bywatchingvideos.Bymixingtwodrinks.9题目见讲义WhatdidLivingstone'steamfindaboutthemonkeys?A.Theycouldperformbasicaddition.B.Theycouldunderstandsimplewords.C.Theycouldmemorizenumberseasily.D.Theycouldholdtheirattentionforlong.10Inwhichsectionofanewspapermaythistextappear?Entertainment.Health.Education.Science.11细节理解题推理判断题细节理解题细节理解题一般特殊型

说明文引言正文总结Monkeysseemtohaveawaywithnumbers.TheresearcherstrainedthreeRhesusmonkeysandthentestedhowthemonkeyscombined—oradded—thesymbolstogetthereward.Intheircagesthemonkeyswereprovidedwithtouchscreens.Ononepartofthescreen,asymbolwouldappear,andontheothersidetwosymbolsinsideacirclewereshown.Testsindicatedmonkeyswereperformingacalculation,notjustmemorizingthevalueofeachcombination.Monkeystendedtounderestimate(低估)asumcomparedwithasinglesymbolwhenthetwowerecloseinvalue.摘要8.Whatdidtheresearchersdotothemonkeysbeforetestingthem?10.WhatdidLivingstone'steamfindaboutthemonkeys?9.Howdidthemonkeysgettheirrewardintheexperiment?11.Inwhichsectionofanewspapermaythistextappear?快速通读文章完成下面的摘要，并找出所对应的题目。MindMap2019全国卷ⅢD说明对象研究过程研究结果Monkeysseemtohaveawaywithnumbers.Thereisacertainwayquantityisrepresentedinmonkeys'brainsMonkeystendedtounderestimateasumcomparedwithasinglesymbolwhenthetwowerecloseinvalue.Monkeysperformedacalculation,notjustmemorizingthevalue.Themonkeyswouldgoforthehighervalues.preparationexperimenttrainthreeRhesusmonkeystoassociatesymbolswithrewardtestedhowthemonkeyscombinedoraddedthesymbolstogettherewardprovidemonkeyswithtouchscreensasymbolononepartofthescreenandtwosymbolsontheothersiderewardthemwiththesamedropsofwaterorjuiceastheytouchthescreenrunhundredsoftestsandexaminetheresultsoftheexperiment1234Q11Q8Q10Q9AteamofresearcherstrainedthreeRhesusmonkeystoassociate26clearlydifferentsymbolsconsistingofnumbersandselectiveletterswith0-25dropsofwaterorjuiceasareward.“脱衣服”大法攻克长难句参考译文AteamofresearcherstrainedthreeRhesusmonkeys去掉枝叶还原枝叶Ifthemonkeystouchedtheleftsideofthescreentheywouldberewardedwithsevendropsofwaterorjuice;iftheywentforthecircle,theywouldberewardedwiththesumofthenumbers—17inthisexample.“脱衣服”大法攻克长难句参考译文Ifthemonkeystouchedtheleftsideofthescreentheywouldberewardedwithse