学考优化指导2024年高中英语Unit3LifeinthefutureSectionⅢGrammar课后篇巩固提升新人教版必修5

Unit3LifeinthefutureSectionⅢGrammar课后篇巩固提升一、同义句转换1.Whenitisseenfromthetopofthemountain,thecitylooksverybeautifulwithlightsonatnight.thetopofthemountain,thecitylooksverybeautifulwithlightsonatnight.

答案Seenfrom2.Ashewassurroundedbyagroupofyoungpeople,theoldmanfelthappy.agroupofyoungpeople,theoldmanfelthappy.

答案Surroundedby3.Becausethegirlwashurtbadlyintheearthquake,shewassenttohospitalimmediately.intheearthquake,thegirlwassenttohospitalimmediately.

答案Hurtbadly4.Becausehewasabsorbedinpainting,Johndidn’tnoticeeveningapproaching.painting,Johndidn’tnoticeeveningapproaching.

答案Absorbedin5.Leftaloneathome,Johndidn’tfeelafraidatall.aloneathome,Johndidn’tfeelafraidatall.

答案Althoughhewasleft二、用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空1.Theministerexpressedhissatisfactionwiththetalks,(add)thathehadenjoyedhisstayhere.

答案adding2.Themissingboyswerelastseen(play)neartheriver.

答案playing3.Therewasaterriblenoise(follow)thesuddenburstoflight.

答案following4.Shestoodinfrontofhim,withhereyes(fix)onhisface.

答案fixed5.Footballisplayedinmorethan80countries,(make)itthemostpopularsportintheworld.

答案making6.Hestoodtheresilently,(move)totears.

答案moved三、用分词改写句子1.Hereisacake.Tom’smothermadeit.

答案Here’sacakemadebyTom’smother.2.Wehavebeentoldtoreadthebook.Itwaswrittenbyanewsreporter.

答案Wehavebeentoldtoreadthebookwrittenbyanewsreporter.3.Wehavebeenverysatisfiedwiththeserviceinthespacehotel.ItwasrecommendedbyLiQing.

答案WehavebeenverysatisfiedwiththeserviceinthespacehotelrecommendedbyLiQing.4.Becausesheisworriedaboutthemissingchild,shefindsitdifficulttogotoworkthesedays.

答案Worriedaboutthemissingchild,shefindsitdifficulttogotoworkthesedays.5.Asshewassupportedbyherfamily,shedecidedtosettleinthenorthwestofChina.

答案Supportedbyherfamily,shedecidedtosettleinthenorthwestofChina.四、阅读理解A(2024·全国Ⅰ高考)Theconnectionbetweenpeopleandplantshaslongbeenthesubjectofscientificresearch.Recentstudieshavefoundpositiveeffects.AstudyconductedinYoungstown,Ohio,forexample,discoveredthatgreenerareasofthecityexperiencedlesscrime.Inanother,employeeswereshowntobe15%moreproductivewhentheirworkplacesweredecoratedwithhouseplants.TheengineersattheMassachusettsInstituteofTechnology(MIT)havetakenitastepfurther—changingtheactualcompositionofplantsinordertogetthemtoperformdiverse,evenunusualfunctions.Theseincludeplantsthathavesensorsprintedontotheirleavestoshowwhenthey’reshortofwaterandaplantthatcandetectharmfulchemicalsingroundwater.“We’rethinkingabouthowwecanengineerplantstoreplacefunctionsofthethingsthatweuseeveryday,”explainedMichaelStrano,aprofessorofchemicalengineeringatMIT.Oneofhislatestprojectshasbeentomakeplantsglow(发光)inexperimentsusingsomecommonvegetables.Strano’steamfoundthattheycouldcreateafaintlightforthree-and-a-halfhours.Thelight,aboutone-thousandthoftheamountneededtoreadby,isjustastart.Thetechnology,Stranosaid,couldonedaybeusedtolighttheroomsoreventoturntreesintoself-poweredstreetlamps.Inthefuture,theteamhopestodevelopaversionofthetechnologythatcanbesprayedontoplantleavesinaone-offtreatmentthatwouldlasttheplant’slifetime.Theengineersarealsotryingtodevelopanonandoff“switch”wheretheglowwouldfadewhenexposedtodaylight.Lightingaccountsforabout7%ofthetotalelectricityconsumedintheUS.Sincelightingisoftenfarremovedfromthepowersource(电源)—suchasthedistancefromapowerplanttostreetlampsonaremotehighway—alotofenergyislostduringtransmission(传输).Glowingplantscouldreducethisdistanceandthereforehelpsaveenergy.1.Whatisthefirstparagraphmainlyabout?A.Anewstudyofdifferentplants.B.Abigfallincrimerates.C.Employeesfromvariousworkplaces.D.Benefitsfromgreenplants.答案D解析段落大意题。由文章第一段可知,一项探讨发觉,城市绿化率越高的区域犯罪率越低;另一项探讨发觉,工作环境有室内植物装饰时,员工的效率提高15%。由此可知,本段主要讲绿色植物的好处。故选D项。2.WhatisthefunctionofthesensorsprintedonplantleavesbyMITengineers?A.Todetectplants’lackofwater.B.Tochangecompositionsofplants.C.Tomakethelifeofplantslonger.D.Totestchemicalsinplants.答案A解析细微环节理解题。由文章其次段中的“Theseincludeplantsthathavesensorsprintedontotheirleavestoshowwhenthey’reshortofwater”可知,麻省理工学院的工程师们之所以在植物叶子上放置传感器,是想监测植物的缺水状况。故选A项。3.Whatcanweexpectoftheglowingplantsinthefuture?A.Theywillspeedupenergyproduction.B.Theymaytransmitelectricitytothehome.C.Theymighthelpreduceenergyconsumption.D.Theycouldtaketheplaceofpowerplants.答案C解析推理推断题。由文章最终两段,尤其是最终一段中的“Glowingplantscouldreducethisdistanceandthereforehelpsaveenergy.”可推知,将来这种发光植物可能会有助于降低能源消耗。故选C项。4.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.Canwegrowmoreglowingplants?B.Howdowelivewithglowingplants?C.Couldglowingplantsreplacelamps?D.Howareglowingplantsmadepollution-free?答案C解析主旨大意题。文章开宗明义,指出人类与植物的联系始终是科研的主题;然后讲解并描述麻省理工学院开展的探讨,力求用植物代替日常用品的功能;接下来进一步阐述用一般蔬菜来发出光照亮房间,甚至将树木变成自供电的街灯。由此可知,文章最佳标题为:发光的植物能替代街灯吗?故选C项。BManyyearsago,peoplereliedonthesun,themoonandstarstofindtheirwayaround.Later,thecompasswasintroduced.Andnow,wehavesatnav(卫星导航)systemstoguideus.Asatnavsystemusesgroupsofsatellitestoshowtheuser’slocation.Theysendinformationtoareceiver,suchasasmartphone,toshowuswhereweare.TheearliestbuiltsatnavsystemistheGlobalPositioningSystem,whichbelongstotheUS.ThenthereisRussia’sGlobalNavigation(导航)SatelliteSystem,theEuropeanUnion’sGalileoandChina’sownsatellitenavigationsystem,BeiDou.OnOctober14,2024,anARJ21-700plane,whichwasthefirstdomestically-producedjetequippedwiththeBeiDounavigationsystem,successfullycompletedatestflight.TheresultsshowedtheperformanceofthesystemdevelopedbyChinamatchesthatofsimilarsystemsproducedabroad,accordingtotheCommercialAircraftCorporationofChina.Sinceitsintroductionin2000,theBeiDounavigationsystemhasseenincreasingnumbersofapplicationslinkedtoeverydaylife,fromsharedbikestofarming.Whenitcomestosharedbikes,smartlocksthatsupportBeiDouchipsoffermoreaccuratepositioningthanothers,makingiteasiertofindabike.FarmerscanuseBeiDou-enabledtractorstoplow(犁)thesoilanduseunmannedaircraftswithBeiDoutosowseeds,whichcanimproveefficiencyandmakebetteruseofresources.BeiDou’sfarmingapplicationshavespreadfromHeilongjiangProvincetoBeijing,Liaoning,Shanxi,HubeiandotherregionsacrossChina.Withitsmanyuses,theBeiDounavigationsystemisevenplayingabigroleintheBeltandRoad(“一带一路”)construction.“Todate,theBeiDousystemhascoveredmostpartsoftheAsia-Pacificregion,aswellascountriesalongtheSilkRoadEconomicBeltandthe21stCenturyMaritimeSilkRoad,”saidYangChangfeng,chiefdesigneroftheBeiDousystem.Today,therearemorethan20BeiDousatellitesaboveourheads,andChinaplanstolaunchevenmorethisyeartoexpandtheBeiDounetworktobetterservetheBeltandRoadInitiative.“AsBeiDouexpandsitsoverseasreach,itwillbeincreasinglypopularinthelogistics(物流)industry,”saidMiaoQianjun,secretary-generalofthenavigationservicesassociation.“Ships,forexample,canuseittopositionthemselveswhilesailingacrossoceanstoEuropeancountries,nolongerlimitedtoSoutheastAsianregionsinthenearfuture.”5.Whatisthepurposeofthefirsttwoparagraphs?A.Tocomparesomemodernsatnavsystems.B.Todescribethebenefitsofsatnavsystems.C.Totellushowsatnavsystemswerecreated.D.Tointroducesomesatnavsystemsandtheirfunctions.答案D解析写作意图题。第一、二段介绍了卫星导航系统的作用、简洁的原理及全球主要的卫星导航系统,故D项正确。6.WhatcanweknowabouttheBeiDounavigationsystemaccordingtothearticle?A.Itwasusedsuccessfullyinanewjetplane.B.Itismorepowerfulthanothersatnavsystems.C.ItwasintroducedtoChinaonOctober14,2024.D.Itwasn’tusedinoureverydaylife,untilrecently.答案A解析细微环节理解题。依据第三段首句“OnOctober14,2024,anARJ21-700plane,whichwasthefirstdomestically-producedjetequippedwiththeBeiDounavigationsystem,successfullycompletedatestflight.”可知,一架装备有北斗卫星导航系统的喷气式飞机胜利完成了试飞,故A项正确。7.Accordingtothearticle,theBeiDounavigationsystemisalreadywidelyusedfor.

A.plowingthesoilandsowingseedsB.improvingtheefficiencyofnetworksC.producingmoresmartlocksforsharedbikesD.navigatingshipsacrossoceanstoEuropeancountries答案A解析细微环节理解题。依据第六段中的“Farmerscanuse...tosowseeds...”和“BeiDou’sfarmingapplicationshavespreadfromHeilongjiangProvincetoBeijing,Liaoning,Shanxi,HubeiandotherregionsacrossChina.”可知,北斗卫星导航系统已经广泛运用于耕地、播种中,故A项正确。8.WhatisMiaoQianjun’sattitudetowardthefutureoftheBeiDousystem?A.Worried. B.Casual.C.Positive. D.Doubtful.答案C解析推理推断题。依据题干中的关键词MiaoQianjun定位到最终一段,依据该段首句“‘AsBeiDouexpandsitsoverseasreach,itwillbeincreasinglypopularinthelogisticsindustry,’saidMiaoQianjun,secretary-generalofthenavigationservicesassociation.”可知,他认为,北斗卫星导航系统将会在物流业中越来越受欢迎,由此可推知,他对北斗卫星导航系统的前景是持主动乐观的看法的,故C项正确。五、语篇填空Likeallbigcities,Parishasatrafficproblem:lotsofcars,trafficjamsandpollution,sosince2007,thecity1.(begin)aplantoimprovethesituation.UndertheVelibscheme(公共自行车安排),peoplecantakeabicycle,useitaslongastheywant,andthenleaveitat2.sameoranotherbicyclestation.Thefirsthalf-hourisfree,butifyoudon’treturnitafter30minutes,youhavetopay.Thebicyclesareasheavyas25kilograms,andhave3.(basket).There’realargenumberoftheminthecity!

Parisisn’tthefirstcity4.(opera