全国统考2025届高考英语一轮复习选修10Unit3Protectingourselves讲义教案VIP

PAGEUnit3ProtectingourselvesⅠ.细品尝经典文章Comparedwithfoodthatprovidesnutritionalsupport,adrugisanysubstancethatcausesaphysiologicalchangeinhumanbeings’bodywheninhaledorinjected,suchasmorphine,heroin,cannabisandsoon.Thedrugproblemisaworldwideproblem,inthe20thcentury,theworld’smostseriouspublichazardandoneofthepublicenemiesofallmankind,whichcurrentlycontinuestothreatenpublichealth,safety,well-beingandtounderminesocial,economicandpoliticalstabilityandsustainabledevelopment.Howdoesadrugundermineasingleone,andthenmostofus,finallythesocial,economicandpoliticalstabilitystepbystep?Haveyoueverheard“butterflyeffect”?Itmaypreciselyelucidatethepotentialprocess.We’vealreadyrealizedthatadrugwillcauseaphysiologicalchangeinahumanbeing’sbody,makingyoubothphysicallyandmentallydependentonit.Whennotused,adrugcausesalotofdisordersinyourphysiologicalfunctions,leavingyoulessthanalive.Andfurthermore,moreandmoredrugsshouldbeusedtopreventaddictsfromsufferingfrompains.Themoredrugsused,themorecost.Howcanacommonaddictaffordsomuch?Soheorsheturnstotheirfamilyforhelporimposestheburdenontheirfamily.Itisnotthattheirfamilyarenotwillingtohelpthem,butthatsuchanabyssisbeyondtheirabilities.Bysacrificingmorepeople,thecriminalsorprofiteersspreadthedrugsworldwidetomakehugeprofits.Gradually,destroyingaddicts’families,drugsexhaustwhattheyhave.Ifallowingsuchasituationtoindulgeitself,agovernmentmayalsofail.Inordertostop,confineandpreventthissituation,manyacountermeasureisbeingcarriedoutwitheffortsfrommultiplesectionsorcountries.Weshouldneverevercontactdrugsnomatterhowcuriousyouareorhowseductivethedrugis.Cherishlife,keepawayfromdrugs.Ⅱ.按要求完成任务1.写出文章中与毒品和健康相关的单词和短语。nutritional,inject,hazard,threaten,well-being,physicallyandmentally,disorder,addict,sufferfrom,keepawayfrom

2.写出文章中的美丽句式。①Themoredrugsused,themorecost.(the+比较级,the+比较级)

②Itisnotthattheirfamilyarenotwillingtohelpthem,butthatsuchanabyssisbeyondtheirabilities.(notthat...,butthat...)

③Weshouldneverevercontactdrugsnomatterhowcuriousyouareorhowseductivethedrugis.(nomatter+疑问词)

1.concludevi.&vt.(使)结束;下结论;推断【教材原句】Toconclude,Aidseducationisthebestwaytoprotectourselvesfromthisterribledisease.(P41)最终,艾滋病教化是爱护我们远离这种可怕疾病的最好方法。【词块必记】(1)concludesth.withsth. 以……结束……conclude(fromsth.)that... (由……)推断出……,断定……toconclude 最终(2)conclusion n.结论draw/reach/arriveat/cometoaconclusion 得出结论inconclusion 最终【语境速测】用conclude的正确形式填空①Itcanbeconcludedthatridingbicyclesisreallygoodforanindividualaswellasthewholesociety.

②Toconclude,Irecommendthatpeopleshouldgetridofbadbehavior.

③StudentscametoaconclusionthatitisnotsodifficulttolearnEnglishiftheytryvariousways.【写作金句】Afterweighingtheprosandcons,Iconcludethatit’sneveragoodideatoallowstudentstotakemobilephonestoschool.权衡利弊之后,我得出结论:允许学生带手机进校内绝不是个好办法。2.trapvt.(trapped;trapped)使陷入逆境;使陷入圈套;夹住,卡住n.陷阱,圈套;逆境【典型例句】Ifyouaretrappedintheruins,pleasebecalmandwaitfortherescueteamtohelp.假如你被困在废墟里,请保持冷静,等待救援队来帮你。【词块必记】(1)trapsb.in把某人困在……中be/feeltrappedin/by 被困在……中trapsb.into(doing)sth. 诱骗某人(做)某事(2)set/layatrap(for) (为……)布好陷阱becaughtinatrap=fallintoatrap 落入陷阱【语境速测】单句语法填空①Whatmademeterrifiedwasthatmyfeetweretrapped(trap)bysomeweedandIcouldnotswimanymore.

②Ahummingbird-sized(蜂鸟大小的)dinosauridentifiedfromaskulltrapped(trap)inambermaybethesmallestdinosaureverfound.③Formigrantworkers,lackingtheknowledgeofhandlingcomputershastrappedthemintrouble.完成句子④Sheistrappedinanunhappymarriage.

她陷入不幸的婚姻之中。【学问拓展】“欺瞒某人做某事”cheatsb.intodoingsth.tricksb.intodoingsth.foolsb.intodoingsth.3.burstonthescene突然出现【教材原句】However,sincethediseaseburstonthesceneinthe1980s,ithasbecomeaseriousproblemaroundtheworld.(P34)然而,自从这个病在二十世纪八十年头突然出现以来,它已经成为一个全球范围的严峻问题。【词块必记】(1)onthescene 当场,在现场(2)behindthescenes 隐私地,在幕后,不公开地【语境速测】完成句子①Asschoolwillstartsoon,Ican’twaitonthesceneforyou.因为快要上课了,我无法在原地等你。

②It’sanexcitingopportunitytolearnwhatgoesonbehindthescenes.

可以有机会了解幕后的工作,令人特别兴奋。【写作金句】WhenyoulistentoChinesetraditionalmelody,youmustbepersonallyonthescene,justlikecommunicatingwiththecomposer.当你听中国古典音乐的时候,你必需亲自到现场,就像与作曲者沟通一样。【备选要点】1.reactionn.生理反应,副作用;回应,反应【教材原句】Althoughthesedrugscanproducedifferentreactions,theycanallmakepeopleaddicted.(P46)尽管这些药物能够产生不同的反应,但是它们都能让人上瘾。【词块必记】(1)inreactionto对……的反应(2)react vi.起反应;有影响;起作用reactto 对……起反应,反应reactagainst 抗拒;对……抗拒【语境速测】单句语法填空①Stressisanormallyemotionalreaction(react)andweshouldlearntoeffectivelydealwithit.②Iwasalittlebituneasyatfirst,notknowinghowshewouldreacttothisgesture.③Peoplewillnotendureoppressionforever;soonerorlatertheywillreactagainstit.完成句子④Angerisnotnecessarilythemostusefuloracceptablereactiontosuchevents.

对于这种事,发火不肯定是最有用或最能被接受的反应。2.bathevt.&vi.(给……)洗澡,沐浴【教材原句】InanAfricanvillage,eleven-year-oldAjaniisbathinghisyoungersister.(P34)在非洲的一个村子里,11岁的Ajani正给他年幼的妹妹洗澡。【词块必记】(1)bathesth.insth.使……沐浴在……里get/bebathedinlight/sunshine/sweat 沐浴在光线里/阳光下/汗流浃背(2)bath n.浴缸,浴盆;沐浴have/takeabath 沐浴,洗澡【语境速测】完成句子①Wemayalsohelpsomeelderstogetbathedinthesunshine,orevensupportsometotakeawalk.

我们也可以帮助一些老人晒晒太阳,散漫步。②Everytimeyoutakeabath,youremovegermsandvirusesfromyourbody.

每次你洗澡时,都从身上去除细菌和病毒。【写作金句】Wecanalsotryawarmbathoracupofwarmmilkbeforegoingtobed,whichmighthelpustohaveasoundsleep.我们也可以在睡觉前洗个温水澡,或喝杯热牛奶,这会帮助我们睡个好觉。3.bidn.努力争取;招标vi.(bid;bid)出价;投标;试图【教材原句】Inabidtocontroltheproblem,thegovernmenthasopenedlabstomonitorthedisease.(P35)为了限制这个问题,政府已经开放了试验室以监控这种疾病。【词块必记】(1)bid...for/on... 出价……买……bidfor 投标;争取达到(某个目标)bidagainstsb. 与某人争出高价;抬价竞买(2)makeabidfor 努力争取inabidto 为了【语境速测】完成句子①InabidtopleaseChinesetastebuds,Krafthasmade

anOreowithChinesecharacteristics.不过为了满意中国人的味蕾,卡夫制造出了具有中国特色的奥利奥。②Hesaidhisdecisiontobidforthebronzeshadbeena“patriotic”act.

他说他去竞拍青铜物品的确定是一个“爱国”的行动。【写作金句】ThisisaglimpseintothelifeofmostChinese—allowingustobidfarewelltothewalletandbankcards.这是对大多数中国人生活的一瞥——让我们告辞了钱包和银行卡。4.appetiten.食欲,胃口;剧烈欲望【教材原句】Speedisoftenusedasaweight-losspill,becauseitreducesone’sappetite.(P46)安非他明常常被用作减肥药,因为它能降低人们的胃口。【词块必记】haveanappetitefor宠爱,渴望haveagood/poorappetite 胃口好/不好loseone’sappetite 食欲减退toone’sappetite 合某人的胃口lackofappetite 没胃口【语境速测】完成句子①Somesufferfromlackofsleep,andotherslosetheirappetite,whichhasaterribleeffectontheirstudy.一些人睡眠不足,其他人食欲减退,这对他们的学习产生了不好的影响。

②KnowingthatyouhaveanappetiteforChineseculture,Isincerelyinviteyoutoparticipateinit.

得知你宠爱中国文化,我真诚地邀请你参与。【写作金句】Don’tworrytoomuch,oryoumayfindyourselfhavingproblemswithsleep,appetite,orevenmemory.不要太过担忧,否则你会发觉自己有许多问题,比如睡眠问题、食欲问题,甚至是记忆问题。5.wipeaway消退,去除【教材原句】Whiletheycannotwipeawaythestainofthepast,theycancertainlymoveforward.(P47)尽管他们难以抹去过去的污点,但是他们肯定可以前进。【词块必记】wipesth.from/offsth. 把……从……抹掉wipesth.away/off/up 把……擦掉wipeout 彻底歼灭;擦净……的内部【语境速测】完成句子①Iwipedawaytears,heldtheboxtightlyandfeltasurgeofwarmth.

我擦掉眼泪,紧紧抱着盒子,感到一阵暖流涌动。②ThenIwipedthedustoffallthefurniture,sweptandthenmoppedthefloors.

随后,我擦掉全部家具上的灰尘,扫地,然后拖地。③We’llwipeoutanyenemythatdarestoinvadeourterritory.

敌人胆敢来侵扰我们的领土,我们就把他歼灭。Ⅰ.单句语法填空1.(2024·天津高考)ThisledJonestotheconclusion(conclude)thattherearetoomanyextremelylonelypeopleinhiscommunity.2.(2024·浙江高考)Inthepast,therewasoftenanautomaticreaction(react)toincreasedtraffic:justwidentheroads.3.(2024·全国卷Ⅰ)Digitalcamerasarrivedonthescenein1997.4.(2024·全国卷Ⅱ)Thebaywasbathed(bathe)insunshine,andtherewasagroupofkayakersaround150mofftheshore.

5.(2024•天津高考)Mostofus,infact,progressivelynarrowthevarietyofourlives.Wesucceedinourfieldofspecializationandthenbecometrapped(trap)init.Ⅱ.微短文改错(每句中最多2个错)1.Itwasgenerousoftheoldmantotakeouthissavingstohelpthepeopleinneedof.Peoplespokehighofhim.第一句去掉need后面的of;其次句high→highly2.AidsarecausedbyaviruscalledHIV.Sometimes,peoplewiththisdeadlyvirusliveforyearswithoutwardsymptoms,sotheydonotknowthatyouarecarriers.第一句are→is;其次句其次个with→without;其次句you→they3.Daisyisfondofsoftdrinks,thatmayleadtoherobesity.Nowsherealizestheimportanceofhealthydiet,soshedecidestobreakthehabit.第一句that→which;其次句healthy前面加a4.LSDcanchangethewaypeoplethinkandseeaworld.Itprovidesreactionsrangefromincreasedheartratetoacuteanxiety.Theusersmaykillthemselvesbecausewhattheyseeorhear.第一句a→the;其次句range→ranging;第三句because之后加ofⅢ.语法填空(黑体词为本单元重点词汇)Withthe1.development(develop)ofscienceandtechnology,ourlifeisbecomingbetterandbetter,2.butatthesametimeourenvironmentisbeingdestroyed.Moreandmore3.endangered(endanger)species,disastersresultingfrom4.global(globe)warming,moredeathsrelatedtopollution...What’syourreaction5.tothenews?I’mconvincedthatallthepeoplehave6.anappetiteforagoodenvironment.Chinesegovernmenthastakeneffectivemeasures7.toprotect(protect)theenvironment.Nowwehaveablueskyandfreshairtobreatheoveragain.8.Actually(actual),pollutionpreventioneducationisveryimportant.Weallhavetodosomethingtosupportit.Ifeveryone9.spent(spend)justapennyonit,wecouldmakeareallybig10.difference(different).

Ⅰ.话题与阅读理解(2024·北京模拟)Infectionsthatcrossoverfromotherspeciesareadeadlyproblem.Thenewcoronavirus(冠状病毒)isthelatestexampleofavirusthatjumpedfromanimalsintohumans.Wheninfectionsdothis,theycanbedeadly—and2024-nCoVisnoexception.Nearlyallvirusesandbacteriathatinfectotherorganismsarecompletelyharmlesstopeople.Butatinyproportioncaninfectusandcauseso-calledzoonotic(动物传染的)diseases,whichcomefromanimalsratherthanpeople.Suchdiseasesareamassiveproblem.Theymakearound2.5billionpeopleilleveryyearandkill2.7million.Notallzoonoticdiseasescauseseriousillness,buttheEbolavirus,forexample,currentlykillsmostofthoseitinfects.Onereasonzoonoticvirusescanbethisdeadlyisthatwelackpre-existingimmunity(免疫)tothem.Anotheristhatthesevirusesaren’tadaptedtohumans.Virusesthatnormallycirculateamongpeoplecandeveloptobecomelessdeadly,asthishelpsthemspread.“Theydon’twantyoutodropdeadwithinadaybecauseyouwon’tpassittoanyoneelse,”saysChrisColemanattheUniversityofNottingham,UK.Togetinfected,peopleneedtocomeintocontactwiththeanimalthevirususuallyinfects.Thisismostlikelywithdomesticatedanimals.CamelscarrytheMERScoronavirusthatcausessporadichumancases,forinstance.Manyvirusesthatjumpintopeople,likeMERS,seldomspreadfrompersontoperson.Theycanstillinfectthousands,though.Rabiesismostlypassedonbydogbites,butkills60,000peopleayear.Others,suchasEbola,canspreadfrompersontoperson,butaren’tverygoodatitandsocauserelativelysmalloutbreaks.The2024coronavirus,bycontrast,appearsquitegoodatspreadingfrompersontoperson.Wedon’tknowhowdeadlyitisyet.Biologistshavebeenwarningfordecadesabouttherisksofanimalvirusesspreadingtopeople.Thereisgoodreasontoworry.Thelastglobalpandemic(传染病),the2009fluthatkilledupto400,000people,wascausedbyastrainoffluthatcamefrompigs.Andthatfluisthoughttobeadescendantofthe1918flu,whichcamefrombirds.HIV,whichhasinfectedabout75millionpeople,isnowthoughtofasahumanvirus.Butitjumpedfromchimpanzeesintohumansrelativelyrecently,inthe1930s.Colemanthinksthereislittlewecandotostoppeoplecomingintocontactwithanimalsthatmaycarrydangerousviruses.“It’sverydifficulttocontrolthat,”hesays.Instead,hesaysweneedtohavevaccines(疫苗)readyinadvance.Thiscouldmeancreatingvaccinesthatareeffectiveagainstawiderangeofvirusesanddevelopingvaccinesthatrequireonlyminorchangestoworkagainstanewviralstrain,muchlikeannualfluvaccines.【文章大意】文章介绍了来自动物的人畜共患疾病致命的缘由,并列举出历史上动物传染给人类的一些病毒,以警示人们动物病毒传播给人类所带来的风险。1.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“circulate”inPara.3probablymean?A.Passon. B.Attackeachother.C.Dieaway. D.Worktogether.【解析】选A。词义揣测题。依据画线词后的句子“...asthishelpsthemspread.‘Theydon’twantyoutodropdeadwithinadaybecauseyouwon’tpassittoanyoneelse,‘”(因为这有助于它们的传播。“它们(病毒)不希望你在一天之内就死掉,因为你不会把它传给其他人,”),句中的spread和passittoanyoneelse意思为“传播”。因此可以推想,circulate意思为“传播”。2.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A.Peoplemustkeepawayfromwildanimals.B.Themajorityofvirusesareamassiveproblem.C.The2009fluhadnoconnectionwiththe1918flu.D.Vaccinesareaneffectiveoptiontofightagainstviruses.【解析】选D。细微环节理解题。依据文章最终一段中“...hesaysweneedtohavevaccinesreadyinadvance.Thiscouldmeancreatingvaccinesthatareeffectiveagainstawiderangeofvirusesanddevelopingvaccinesthatrequireonlyminorchangestoworkagainstanewviralstrain,”(他说我们须要提前打算好疫苗。这可能意味着要研制能够有效对抗多种病毒的疫苗,以及开发只需稍加变更就能应付新病毒毒株的疫苗,)可知,研发疫苗是对抗病毒的有效选择。3.Thepassagemainlyaimsto_______.

A.analyzetheoriginsofvirusesB.explaintheconsequenceofdiseasesC.drawpeople’sattentiontozoonoticvirusesD.persuadepeopletoprotectthewildanimals【解析】选C。推理推断题。作者在文章中列举了一些病毒,目的就是要人们关注人畜共患病毒。4.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.HowAreVaccinesMadeB.VirusesInfectedfromAnimalsC.AGlobalHealthEmergencyD.WhyIsn’tThereaCoronavirusVaccineYet【解析】选B。主旨大意题。文章首句提出“Infectionsthatcrossoverfromotherspeciesareadeadlyproblem.”(来自其他物种的感染是一个致命的问题)。下文介绍了从动物到人类传染的疾病——人畜共患疾病的致命的缘由,并且举出曾经发生过的动物传播给人类病毒的例子。因此文章是关于从动物传播到人类的病毒,标题应当为“从动物感染的病毒”。【微技能点拨】词义揣测题是阅读理解中常见的一种题型,要求考生精确理解文中某些关键单词或词组的含义,包括对超纲词义的推断以及熟词生义的揣测,须要通过上下文得出其在特定场合的含义。揣测词义的方法一般有以下几种:1.通过构词法(派生、合成、转化)揣测。2.通过已有的同义词或反义词揣测,即在上下文找出该生词的其他表示方法,由此推断其含义。3.通过同位语揣测。4.通过说明性的词语,如thatis,thatistosay,inotherwords等,以及标点符号,如破折号、括号等引出的对该词的说明性词、句揣测。5.通过详细语境中体现出来的某种关系,如因果关系、转折关系等进行揣测。本文中第1题为词义揣测题,依据策略解题如下:Step1确定题干关键词:theunderlinedword“circulate”Step2回到原文准定位:第三段第三句和第四句asthishelpsthemspread.“Theydon’twantyoutodropdeadwithinadaybecauseyouwon’tpassittoanyoneelse”Step3对比选项找最佳:尝试解答A。

【语用提能】话题词汇infection,deadly,species,disease,virusesandbacteria,spread,organism,outbreak,dangerous短语句式getinfected,beadaptedto,pass...to...,frompersontoperson,astrainof,bethoughtofas,comeintocontactwith【微语法填空】阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Thenewcoronavirus(冠状病毒)isatypicalexampleofavirusthatjumpedfromanimalsintohumans.Wheninfectionsdothis,theycanbedeadly—and2024-nCoVisno1.exception(except).Atinyproportionofvirusesandbacteriacaninfectusandcauseso-calledzoonoticdiseases,2.whichcomefromanimalsratherthanpeople.Butnotallzoonoticdiseasescauseseriousillness,buttheEbolavirus,forexample,3.currently(current)killsmostofthoseitinfects.Onereasonzoonoticvirusescanbethisdeadlyis4.thatwelackpre-existingimmunity(免疫)tothem.Anotheristhatthesevirusesaren’tadaptedtohumans.Biologists5.havebeenwarning(warn)fordecadesabouttherisksofanimalvirusesspreadingtopeople.Thereisgoodreason6.toworry(worry).HIV,whichhasinfectedabout75millionpeople,isnow7.thought(think)ofasahumanvirus.Butitjumpedfromchimpanzeesintohumansrelativelyrecently,in8.the1930s.

Colemanthinksthereisl