2024高考英语二轮复习专题1第2部分第10讲名词性从句专题训练含解析

PAGE第10讲名词性从句专题训练对应学生用书P055Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．________beganasasmallactivityhastakentheshapeofaninspiringinstitutionofinternationalstandards.解析句意：起先时的一项很小的活动已经发展成了具有国际标准的令人鼓舞的机构。“________beganasasmallactivity”为主语从句，该从句缺少主语，且设空处表示“事物”，故填What。答案What2．Therefore,itisadvisable________youshouldvalueandtreatthemwithcare.解析句意：因此人们建议你应当珍惜、谨慎对待它们。“________youshouldvalueandtreatthemwithcare”为主语从句，该从句不缺任何成分，故用that引导。答案that3．That's________itisgoodtoeatfruitsandvegetables.解析句意：那就是食用水果和蔬菜有好处的缘由。“Thatiswhy...”(那就是……的缘由)是固定句型。答案why4．Iaskedhim________hisfatherhaddonesothathebecamesuchagoodperson.解析句意：我问他他的父亲做了什么以至于他成为如此优秀的人。宾语从句中缺少宾语，且设空处指“事物”，故填what。答案what5．Myfirsttaskwastodecidewheretogoand________togetthere.解析句意：我的第一项任务是确定去哪里及如何到达那里。依据常识可知设空处表示“如何”，故填how。答案how6．Borninapoorvillage,sheknows________educationmeanstopeople,especiallytothosewithoutit.解析考查宾语从句。句意：诞生在一个贫困的村庄，她知道教化对人们意味着什么，尤其是对那些没接受过教化的人们。依据句意及句子结构可知，所填词在宾语从句中作means的宾语，意为“什么”。故填what。答案what7．Richardswimsthreetimesaweekafterwork.Thisis________hekeepsfit.解析考查表语从句。设空处引导表语从句，依据句子结构及语境可知，从句中缺少方式状语，故用how引导。答案how8．WhilevisitingHangzhou'sWest解析句意：当你巡游杭州西湖及四周漂亮的群山时，你就会懂得为什么在中国历史中那个地方始终是画家、诗人和哲学家的灵感之源。宾语从句中缺少缘由状语，故填why。答案why9．Studentscanchoose________theywanttodoandregisteronline.解析句意：学生们可以选择他们想做的(任何)事情并在网上注册。“________theywanttodo”为宾语从句，该从句缺少宾语，故填what或whatever。答案what或whatever10．Thereisalsonewevidence________greenteacanhelptodestroybacteriainourbodies.解析句意：也有新的证据表明，绿茶可以帮助歼灭我们身体里的细菌。此处“________greenteacanhelptodestroybacteriainourbodies”是同位语从句，句意完整且从句中句子成分齐全，故用that引导。答案thatⅡ.单句改错1．Andthat'swhichIwanttodo:makeadifferencetothemandletthemknowthatpeopledocare！________________解析此处为what引导的表语从句，what在表语从句中作宾语。此处不表示确定的范围，故不用which。答案which→what2．ThereasonforthisiswhyIwouldliketosharemyknowledgewithmystudentsandhelpthemsolveproblems.________________解析Thereasonforsth.isthat...意为“……的缘由是……”。答案why→that3．HesaidhewasfromBirminghamandIwastheonlypersonwhosmiledandsaidhellotohimallday.________________解析句意：他说他来自伯明翰，而且我是一成天唯一一个对他微笑并向他问好的人。动词后假如接了两个或两个以上的宾语从句，第一个引导词that可以省略，之后的引导词that则不能省略。答案在第一个and后面加that4．Thattheclerksaidistrue.________________解析此处应用what引导主语从句，并在从句中作said的宾语。答案That→What5．I'dappreciateitthatyoucouldbesokindtogivemesomeusefuladvice.________________解析“Iwouldappreciateitif...”是固定句式，其中it为形式宾语，if引导的从句作真正的宾语。答案that→if6．Itsurprisedmemostwasa70­year­oldrunnerbesideme,whohadbeeninfor92competitionsafterhisretirement！________________解析此处应用what引导主语从句，并在从句中作主语。答案It→What7．Butthefactiswhatthefightisnotover.________________解析此处应用that引导表语从句，that在从句中不作成分，但不能省略。答案what→that8．Recentlythestudentsinourclasshavehadaheateddiscussiononifpeopleshouldkeeppetsathomeincities.________________解析if和whether都可以表示“是否”，但是介词后面只能用whether引导宾语从句。故将if改成whether。答案if→whether9．IbegantothinkabouthowIcoulddotohelpthem.________________解析从句意和句子成分看，这里应当用what而不是how引导宾语从句，连接词在从句中作宾语。答案how→what10．IthasneveroccurredtomewhenI'llbecomeadoctoroneday.________________解析语境表示“从来没有想过”，这里用的是“itoccurredtosb.that＋主语从句”句型，故将when改为that。答案when→thatⅢ.语法填空Itwasreported__1__therewasanaccidentatthecornerofRomanStreetthismorning.Noonesaw__2__onearthhappenedthen.Acarranintoatruckbutfortunately,nobodygotinjured.__3__isresponsiblefortheaccidentisstillunderinvestigation.Thepoliceareuncertainabout__4__thedriverisguilty.__5__thepoliceshoulddonowis__6__theymustfindoutwhatledtotheaccident.Theysaiditwasdifficultforthemtojudgebecause__7__theaccidenthappenedwasnotclear.Perhapsthereasonwas__8__thedriverwastootiredtostopthecarintime.Thedriverdidn'tadmitthefact__9__hewasdrivingtoofastattheturning.Thepolicedoubted__10__whathesaidwastrueanddecidedtomakeafurtherinvestigation.1．________2.________3.________4．________5.________6.________7．________8.________9.________10．________答案与解析【语篇解读】本文介绍了一起交通事故。1．that句意：据报道，今日早上在罗马大街的拐角处发生了一起交通事故。“It＋be＋过去分词＋that...”为固定句式，其中It为形式主语，that从句是真正的主语。2．what句意：没人看到当时原委发生了什么。what引导的宾语从句作saw的宾语，从句中缺少主语且表示“事物”，故用what引导。3．Who句意：谁应对这一事故负责仍旧在调查中。“__3__isresponsiblefortheaccident”为主语从句，该从句中缺少主语且设空处表示“人”，故用who引导。4．whether句意：警察不能确定司机是否有罪。依据题干中的uncertain可知设空处表示“是否”，介词后不能由if来引导宾语从句，所以此处应用whether。5．What句意：现在警察应做的就是他们必需弄清晰事故的起因。what引导主语从句，在从句中作do的宾语。6．that“__6__theymustfindoutwhatledtotheaccident”为表语从句，该从句中结构完整，不缺少任何成分，所以用that引导。7．how句意：他们说他们很难推断，因为事故是如何发生的还不清晰。依据句意可知，设空处应为表示方式的副词how。8．that句意：或许缘由是司机太疲惫了而没能刚好刹住车。Thereasonis/wasthat...为固定句式，意思是“缘由是……”。9．that句意：司机不承认他在拐弯处开得太快这个事实。that引导同位语从句，说明fact的详细内容。10．if/whether句意：警察不能确定他所说的话是否是真的，确定作进一步的调查。doubt用在确定句中时，后面的宾语从句常用if/whether引导。Ⅳ.短文改错IamhavinggreattimeherewithmybrotherinthewestofEngland.ItisthemostinterestedplaceIhaveevervisitedit.Mybestfriends,StephanosandWinky,isatuniversityhereandIamstayingwiththem.Theyhavebeenhereinthreeyears.Theytellmethatthetownisnotthesamenowbutthatthingshavechanged.Whentheyfirstcamehere,theyfinditdifficulttogetaround.Takeabus,however,ismoreconvenientnow.Asforme,whatmakesmehappilyisthatsofarIhavelearnedalotofthingsaboutnaturalhistoryandwildanimal.答案与解析Iamhavingeq\o(∧,\s\do14(①a))greattimeherewithmybrotherinthewestofEngland.Itisthemosteq\o(interested,\s\do14(②interesting))placeIhaveevervisited.Mybestfriends,StephanosandWinky,eq\o(is,\s\do14(④are))atuniversityhereandIamstayingwiththem.Theyhavebeenhereeq\o(in,\s\do14(⑤for))threeyears.Theytellmethatthetownisnotthesamenoweq\o(but,\s\do14(⑥and))thatthingshavechanged.Whentheyfirstcamehere,theyeq\o(find,\s\do14(⑦found))itdifficulttogetaround.eq\o(Take,\s\do14(⑧Taking))abus,however,ismoreconvenientnow.Asforme,whatmakesmeeq\o(happily,\s\do14(⑨happy))isthatsofarIhavelearnedalotofthingsaboutnaturalhistor