信息必刷卷05-2023年高考英语考前信息必刷卷（天津专用）（解析版）

绝密★启用前2023年高考英语考前信息必刷卷05天津专用（考试时间：100分钟试卷满分：120分）2022年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（天津卷）全面考查了学科素养，试题整体难度与往年大体相同。无论从题目的难度，还是题型的设置上，基本都延续了往年的出题模式，重视对学生基础知识的考查，题型稳定，同时继续突出考查考生用英语分析问题和解决问题的能力。试题将文化自信、国际视野、人文情怀融入到考查中，体现了高考立德树人、培养考生良好品德、发展素质教育的目标。2022年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（天津卷）题型为15（单项选择题）＋20（完形填空题）＋5（阅读表达题）＋1（书面表达题），其中书面表达不是电子邮件类应用文，而是要求考生为英语口语社的纳新视频写一段文宇稿。另外一个变化是从2017年开始增加的单项选择题，此题看似简单，但包含了词汇、固定搭配、词形变化和语法等多方面知识，着重考查学生的知识综合运用能力。要想在高考英语中取得好成绩，必须把英语词汇和语法学好，学好这些也是做好高考英语单选题的基础。预测2023年单项填空部分考查内容仍然以谓语动词和非谓语动词为主，例如本卷第4、810、13题，推测会在语法项目特殊句式中，增设反义疑问句知识点的考查，例如本卷第6题。天津阅读表达题选文以记叙类文体和夹叙夹议文体为主，并反映出一定的情感、态度及价值观。故本试卷选择一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要讲述作者的父母对他的要求很严格，他小时候不是很理解。但是后来，作者明白了，只有通过努力才能成功。注意事项：1．本试卷分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分。答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。2．回答第Ⅰ卷时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。写在本试卷上无效。3．回答第Ⅱ卷时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。4．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分：英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节：单项填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。1．I’mnotgoingtothepartytonight.I’llstayathomeandread.Comeon,________A．Yougetafroginyourthroat. B．You’repullingyourweight.C．We’dbetterthrowinthetowel. D．Don’tbesuchawetblanket.【答案】D【详解】考查情景交际和习语。句意：——我今晚不去参加聚会了。我会呆在家里看书。——来吧。别这么扫兴。A.Yougetafroginyourthroat.你嗓子有点哑。B.You’repullingyourweight.你尽力了。C.We’dbetterthrowinthetowel.我们最好认输。D.Don’tbesuchawetblanket.别这么扫兴。根据句意可知，第二个人想让第一个人去参加聚会，告诉他“不要扫兴”。故选D项。2．IfweorderthisEnglish-Chinesedictionaryinlargequantitiesfromthebookstore,theywillconsidergivingusa_________ofatleast10%.A．discount B．bargain C．budget D．reward【答案】A【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果我们从书店大量订购这本英汉词典，他们会考虑给我们至少10%的折扣。A.discount折扣；B.bargain讨价还价；C.budget预算；D.reward奖励。根据inlargequantities及常识可知，如果大量订购，一般会有优惠，此处指英汉词典会有10%的折扣。故选A。3．Allthepeoplehaveincredibleideastoshare,butwhatmattersis_________we’reabletocarrythemout.A．which B．as C．whether D．what【答案】C【详解】考查表语从句。句意：所有人都有不可思议的想法可以分享，但重要的是我们是否能够把它们付诸实践。A.which哪一个；B.as正如……那样；C.whether是否；D.what什么。结合句中“Allthepeoplehaveincredibleideastoshare,butwhatmattersis”及“we’reabletocarrythemout”可知，此处指人们的不可思议的想法是否能够付诸实践，选项C符合题意，故选C。4．Iwanttopayavisittomyparents;I_________intheforeigncountryforfivemonthsbynextSunday.A．havebeenstaying B．willhavestayed C．havestayed D．willbestaying【答案】B【详解】考查动词时态。句意：我想去看望我的父母；到下星期天为止，我在国外就呆了五个月了。根据句中的formonthsbynextSunday表示在将来某一时间以前已经完成的动作，故用将来完成时。故选B。5．________allthisputunderdebateiswhethertheyneedtomovetheircattletoanotherfieldfornutritionpurpose.A．How B．Why C．What D．That【答案】C【详解】考查名词性从句。句意：所有这一切引发的争论是，他们是否需要将牛转移到另一块田地以获得营养。分析句子结构，谓语动词为is，故空处至谓语动词前为主语从句，从句中缺少put的宾语，故需要填连接代词。故选C项。6．Idon’tthinkitispolitetobreakinwhenpeoplearehavingaconversation,________?A．isn’tit B．doI C．isit D．doyou【答案】C【详解】考查反义疑问句。句意：我认为打断别人谈话是不礼貌的，是吗？分析句子，当主句的主语是第一人称时，反义疑问句和从句一致，并且将否定转移。故用isit。故选C。7．It’sreportedthatmanycouplesinthiscountryagedfrom30to35think_________challengingtogivebirthtoasecondchild.A．that B．it C．themselves D．this【答案】B【详解】考查代词。句意：据报道，该国许多年龄在30岁至35岁之间的夫妇认为生二胎具有挑战性。分析句子结构可知，此处考查固定句型：主语+v+it+adj+todo，其中it为形式宾语，真正的宾语是后面的不定式。故选B项。8．Variousmeasures________intheyearsaheadtoboosttheeconomicdevelopmentA．aretaken B．havebeentaken C．weretaken D．willbetaken【答案】D【详解】考查动词。句意：未来几年将采取各种措施促进经济发展。由句中时间状语intheyearsahead“在今后几年”表示动作发生在将来，可知，此处动词应为一般将来时，主语measures和动词take为被动关系，所以应为一般将来时的被动语态结构。故选D项。9．Ihavebeenconvincedthattheprintmediaareusuallymore________andmorereliablethantelevision.A．accurate B．ridiculous C．urgent D．flexible【答案】A【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我确信平面媒体通常比电视更精确更可靠。A.accurate精确的；B.ridiculous荒谬的；C.urgent紧急的；D.flexible灵活的。根据下文的“morereliable”可知，此处用“更准确的”符合语境。故选A。10．Ittakesabitofpractice________comfortablewhenforeignerslearntousechopstickstoeat.A．feeling B．tofeel C．felt D．tobefelt【答案】B【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：当外国人学习用筷子吃饭时，需要一些练习才能感到舒服。分析句子结构可知，此处应为it作形式主语，不定式作真正的主语，feel为系动词与逻辑主语之间为主动关系，所以使用不定式的主动形式tofeel作真正的主语。故选B项。11．Lilyisso______.Sheisalwaysmakingyoufeelyoucantalkquitenaturallytoher.A．critical B．available C．magnificent D．dramatic【答案】C【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：莉莉真的很出色。她总是让你觉得你可以很自然地和她说话。A.critical重要的；B.available可得到的；C.magnificent出色的；D.dramatic戏剧性的。根据句意，此处意指Lily是一个很出色的人，总是会让别人感到很舒服自然。C项“magnificent”（出色的）符合句意。故选C项。12．________anxiety,COVID-19hasalsobroughtopportunitiestosomeindustriesandchangestoourlifestyles.A．Dueto B．Inspiteof C．Apartfrom D．Accordingto【答案】C【详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：除了焦虑，新冠肺炎也给一些行业带来了机遇，改变了我们的生活方式。A.Dueto由于；B.Inspiteof尽管；C.Apartfrom除了；D.Accordingto根据。根据语境可知，新冠肺炎除了带来焦虑，也带来了一些机遇，此处表示“除了”用Apartfrom。故选C项。13．Thefamousdirector,aswellasthemainactorsinthefilm,_________toaTVprogramtohaveaface-to-facetalkwiththeaudiencelastSaturday.A．havebeeninvited B．hasbeeninvited C．wasinvited D．wereinvited【答案】C【详解】考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：上周六，这位著名的导演及该电影的主要演员被邀请去参加电视节目和观众面对面会谈。分析句子结构可知，空处缺谓语动词，时间状语是“lastSaturday”，用一般过去时。主语是“Thefamousdirector”，遵循就远一致的原则，“aswellasthemainactors”不影响谓语动词的选择，故谓语动词用第三人称单数，主语“Thefamousdirector”和“invite”之间是被动关系，故用一般过去时的被动语态。故选C项。14．Itisquiteannoyingifourclosefriend_________checksthecellphoneandignoresourheartfeltwords.A．properly B．constantly C．officially D．physically【答案】B【详解】考查副词的词义辨析。句意：如果我们的密友不断查看手机而不理会我们真诚的话，那就太烦人了。A.properly正确地，适当地；B.constantly不断地；C.officially官方地；D.physically身体上，根本上。根据句意，此处表示“不断地查看手机”，故用constantly，作状语，修饰checks，故选B。15．—It’sveryniceofyoutoinviteme,Jenny.—_________.Willyoutakeaseatattheheadofthetable?A．Yousaidit B．I’msorrytobotheryouC．Nevermind D．I’mverygladyoucouldcome【答案】D【详解】考查情景交际。句意：——珍妮，你能邀请我真是太好了。——我很高兴你能来。你愿意坐在桌子前面吗？A.Yousaidit.你说的对。B.I’msorrytobotheryou.很抱歉打扰你；C.Nevermind.没关系。D.I’mverygladyoucouldcome.很高兴你能来。结合下文“Willyoutakeaseatattheheadofthetable?”可以看出，说话者对来访者的到来是欢迎的，选项D符合题意，故选D。第二节：完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。Itwasasummernight.A16-year-oldboy,CorionEvans,was___16___withfriendsinaparkingareainMossPoint,Mississippiwhena___17___withthreeteenagegirlsinsiderushedintothePascagoulaRiver.Itcameto___18___some20feetfromlandandthensank.Itseemedthatthedriverhad___19___followedwrongdirectionsfromherGPS.Itwasaround2:30ambythetimeEvansandhisfriendsgottotheriver’sedge.Inthe___20___,theycouldbarelymakeoutthegirlsclinging(紧贴)tothe___21___,theonlypartofthecarstillabovewater.Buttheycouldhear___22___.Evansdivedintothewater;ariverheknewalligators(鳄鱼)called___23___.Hehelpedthefirstgirlhesawand,keepingher___24___abovewater,ledheronshore.Justthen,PoliceOfficerGarryMercer____25____anddivedintotherivertohelpanotherofthegirls.Buthalfwaybacktoshore,thegirlfelt____26____andwentunderwater,pullingMercerdownwithher.Evansjumped____27____intothewaterandhelpedthemuntiltheycould

____28____.Therewasstillonegirlinthewater.Shewas____29____tostayabovewater.Andscared.“Ijustknewmylast

____30____wascoming’’.Mymindsaid,“You’reslowly____31____yourself,’’saidWatson.“IbegantogounderandEvans____32____me.”They’realivebecauseEvans____33____hislifetosavethem.Evansbrokethe____34____ofarrivinghomeontime.Buthismotherwasnot____35____“Hehadagoodreason.”shesaid.16．A．gettingaway B．hangingout C．settlingdown D．holdingon17．A．car B．boat C．carriage D．ferry18．A．start B．burn C．crash D．rest19．A．strangely B．blindly C．eventually D．luckily20．A．silence B．distance C．darkness D．process21．A．window B．engine C．roof D．wheel22．A．quarreling B．complaining C．whispering D．screaming23．A．home B．centre C．heart D．field24．A．hair B．hands C．head D．arms25．A．warned B．arrived C．returned D．replied26．A．fearful B．disappointed C．stressful D．anxious27．A．up B．away C．back D．out28．A．drive B．jump C．move D．stand29．A．waiting B．preparing C．intending D．struggling30．A．memory B．breath C．challenge D．decision31．A．losing B．rescuing C．gaining D．resisting32．A．missed B．abandoned C．grasped D．inspired33．A．gave B．risked C．wasted D．changed34．A．action B．limit C．record D．rule35．A．annoyed B．concerned C．curious D．grateful【答案】16．B

17．A

18．D

19．B

20．C

21．C

22．D

23．A

24．C

25．B

26．A

27．C

28．D

29．D

30．B

31．A

32．C

33．B

34．D

35．A【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一辆汽车意外坠河后，少年科里昂·埃文斯和朋友们救了一群女孩。16．考查动词短语辨析。句意：一个16岁的少年，CorionEvans正和朋友们在密西西比州莫斯点的一个停车场闲逛，这时候一辆载有三名少女的汽车冲入帕斯卡古拉河。A.gettingaway逃脱；离开；B.hangingout闲逛；C.settlingdown定居下来；D.holdingon坚持。根据“withfriendsinaparkingareaunderneathahighway”可知，埃文斯正和朋友们在停车场闲逛。故选B。17．考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A.car汽车；B.boat小船；轮船；C.carriage马车；D.ferry渡船。根据下文“theonlypartofthecarstillabovewater.”可知，这是一辆汽车。故选A。18．考查动词词义辨析。句意：它停在离陆地约20英尺的地方，然后下沉。A.start开始；B.burn燃烧；C.crash碰撞；D.rest休息。根据前文“rushedintothePascagoulaRiver”和下文“thensank”可知，汽车冲进了河里，停在离陆地约20英尺的地方，然后下沉。cometorest停住。故选D。19．考查副词词义辨析。句意：似乎司机盲目地遵循了GPS的错误指示。A.strangely奇怪地；B.blindly盲目地；C.eventually最终；D.luckily幸运地。根据上文“whenacarwiththreeteenagegirlsinsidedroveoffaboatslopeandintothePascagoulaRiver.”和常识可知，司机盲目地遵循了GPS的错误指示开进河里的。故选B。20．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在黑暗中，他们几乎无法分辨紧贴着车顶的女孩们，那是汽车唯一还在水面上的部分。A.silence沉默；B.distance距离；C.darkness黑暗；D.process过程。根据上文“Itwasaround2:30ambythetimeEvansandhisfriendsgottotheriver’sedge.”可知，事故发生在夜里，因此推断在黑暗中，埃文斯和朋友们无法辨认出车里的女孩。故选C。21．考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A.window窗子；B.engine引擎；C.roof车顶；D.

wheel车轮。根据“theonlypartofthecarstillabovewater.”可知，车顶还浮在水面的上方，女孩们紧贴车顶。故选C。22．考查动词词义辨析。句意：但他们能听到溺水女孩的尖叫。A.quarreling争吵；B.complaining抱怨；C.whispering低语；D.screaming尖叫。根据“withthreeteenagegirlsinsiderushedintothePascagoulaRiver.Itcameto18some20feetfromlandandthensank.”可知，车冲进了水里，开始下沉，结合常识可知溺水女孩在尖叫。故选D。23．考查名词词义辨析。句意：埃文斯跳入水中，一条他知道被鳄鱼称之为家的河流。A.home家；B.center中心；C.heart心脏；D.field田地。根据上文“alligators(鳄鱼)called”可知，这条河被鳄鱼称之为家，说明河里有鳄鱼。故选A。24．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他帮助他看到的第一个女孩，让她的头露出水面，把她带上岸。A.hair头发；B.hands手；C.head头；D.arms胳膊。根据“Hehelpedthefirstgirlhesaw”和“ledheronshore”可知，埃文斯来救溺水的女孩上岸，应是让她的头在水面以上。故选C。25．考查动词词义辨析。句意：正在那时，警官加里·默瑟赶到现场，跳入河中帮助另一个女孩。A.warned警告；B.arrived到达；C.returned返回；D.replied回答。根据下文“divedintotherivertohelpanotherofthegirls”可知，警官加里·默瑟来到现场救人。故选B。26．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但在回到岸边的半路上，她惊慌失措，沉入了水下，默瑟也跟着她一起掉了下去。A.fearful害怕的；B.disappointed失望的；C.stressful紧张的；D.

anxious焦虑的。根据“andwentunderwater,pullingMercerdownwithher.”并结合常识可知，被救女孩因为害怕，又掉到了水里，把默瑟也带到水下了。故选A。27．考查介词副词词义辨析。句意：埃文斯又跳进水里，帮助她们，直到他们站起来为止。A.up向上；B.away远离；C.back回来；D.out向外。根据下文“helpedthem”可知，埃文斯又跳回水里去帮助他们。故选C。28．考查动词词义辨析。句意：埃文斯又跳回水里，帮助她们，直到她们站起来为止。A.drive开车；B.jump跳；C.move移动；D.stand站立。根据“wentunderwater,pullingMercerdownwithher.Evansothewaterandhelpedthem”可知，女孩和默瑟掉进了水里，埃文斯跳回水中，帮助他们，直到他们站起来。故选D。29．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她挣扎着浮在水面上。A.waiting等待；B.preparing准备；C.intending打算；D.struggling挣扎。根据“Therewasstillonegirlinthewater.”和“tostayabovewater”可知，还有一个女孩在水里，挣扎着浮在水面上。故选D。30．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我知道我最后的呼吸来了。A.memory记忆；B.breath呼吸；C.challenge挑战；D.decision决定。根据“Mymindsaid,You’reslowly31yourself’’saidWatson.“Ibegantogounder”可知，这是女孩感激自己快要死了，自己开始下沉，到了最后一口呼吸。故选B。31．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我心里说，你正在慢慢失去你自己。A.losing失去；B.rescuing挽救；C.gaining获得；D.resisting抵抗。根据下文“Ibegantogounder”可知，当时女孩心里想着自己快要死了，loseoneself“失去自己”符合语境，故选A。32．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我开始下沉，埃文斯抓住了我。A.missed错过；B.abandoned抛弃；C.grasped抓住；D.inspired鼓舞。根据下文“They’realive”可知，他们都活着，因此此处说的是埃文斯抓住了这个女孩救了她。故选C。33．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们都活着，因为埃文斯冒着生命危险救了他们。A.gave给予；B.risked冒险；C.wasted浪费；D.changed改变。根据前文“Evansdivedintothewater;ariverheknewalligators(鳄鱼)called23.”可知，河里有鳄鱼，因此埃文斯是冒着生命危险救人。故选B。34．考查名词词义辨析。句意：埃文斯打破了按时回家的规则。A.action行动；B.limit限制；C.record记录；D.rule规则。根据“arrivinghomeontime”和文章描述科利昂·埃文斯晚上出去时救了几个女孩子可知，科利昂·埃文斯打破了按时回家的规则。故选D。35．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但是他母亲没有生气。A.annoyed气恼的；B.concerned担心的；C.curious好奇的；D.grateful感激的。根据下文“‘Hehadagoodreason.’shesaid.”可知，妈妈说这次埃文斯没按时回家有充足的理由，因为他救了三个女孩的命，因此推断她妈妈不生气。故选A。第二部分：阅读理解（共20小题；每小题2.5分，满分50分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AWhetheryou’relookingtolearnmoreaboutsustainabilityorimagineyourselfasamediabigmanattheheadofaworld-famousmagazine,hereareseveralbooksworthpoppingonyourGoodReadslist.TheConsciousClosetbyElizabethL.ClineAsthepressuretosavetheplanetincreases,it’simportanttoturntheconversationtoourcloset.Stockpilingendlessprintedbooksonsustainabilityseemssomewhatunwise,butTheConsciousClosetiseasilythebestofthelot.Itexposesthetruecostoffastfashionandencouragesthereadertothinktwiceaboutunwisepurchasing,drawingdeeplyonCline’sownexperiences.HowToDressSecretStylingTipsFromAFashionInsiderbyAlexandraFullertonFormerfashioneditoratStylistmagazine,AlexandraFullertoncertainlyknowssomethingaboutgettingdressed.Illustratedbeautifully,thisbookallowsyoutodipeasilyinandoutofhereasy-to-followadvice,helpingyoucarveoutasignaturestyle,shopmoreeffectivelyandevenwashandstoreyourclothestomaximizetheirfullpotential.TheNewFashionRulesbyVictoriaMagrathOneoftheUK’smostsuccessfulfashionbloggers,VictoriaMcGrathhasusedherplatformtodemonstratethegrowingvalueofinfluencercultureonfashionandnewmedia.Herfriendly,accessibletoneisbackedupwithsomeseriousknowledge—herPhDinfashionmarketingallowshertoexplorehowfarfashionhascomeinrecentdecades,discussingmanythingsincludingvirtualrealityshoppingwhileofferingupabrieftouroffashion’s21stcenturyhistory.AdvancedLovebyAriSethCohenThephotographicblogseriesthatmadestarsofIrisApfelandLindaRodin,theAdvancedStylebrandhasgrownoverthepastdecade,demonstratingthatrealbeautyistrulyageless.Histhirdandmostrecentbook,AdvancedLoveseesAriSethCohenpicturingcouplesfromallwalksoflife,makingastatementaboutourdismissalofromancewithintheover-40set.Theperfectfestivegiftforyourspecialother-half,oratreat-to-selfasaconstantreminderthatlovenevergoesoutofstyle.36．HowdoesClineadvisereaderstothinktwiceaboutunwisepurchasing?A．Bydrawingdeeplyonhisownexperience. B．Bypicturingcouplesfromallwalksoflife.C．Byhelpingreaderstoshopmoreeffectively. D．Byguidingreaderstodosomevirtualrealityshopping.37．Whichisthemostsuitablebookforanewgraduateignorantoffashion?A．AdvancedLove B．TheConsciousClosetC．TheNewFashionRules D．HowToDress:SecretStylingTipsFromAFashionInside38．WecanknowsomethingaboutthedevelopmentoffashionfromA．AriSethCohen’sbook B．ElizabethL.Cline’sbookC．VictoriaMagrath’sbook D．AlexandraFullerton’sbook39．WhatdoestheAdvancedStylebranddemonstrate?A．Thegrowingvalueofinfluenceronfashion. B．Thepermanenceofrealbeauty.C．Thetruecostoffastfashion. D．Thedismissalofromance.40．Whatdothebookshaveincommon?A．Theytargetedonyoungladies. B．Theirthemesareallaboutfashion.C．Theyadviseusagainstunreasonablepurchasing. D．Theyallgivepracticaladviceonhowtogetwelldressed.【答案】36．A

37．D

38．C

39．B

40．B【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了四本关于时尚值得一读的好书。36．细节理解题。根据表格第一部分“Itexposesthetruecostoffastfashionandencouragesthereadertothinktwiceaboutunwisepurchasing,drawingdeeplyonCline’sownexperiences.(它揭示了快时尚的真实成本，鼓励读者对不明智的购买三思而后行，充分利用克莱恩自己的经历。)”可知，克莱恩通过自身经历来建议读者对不明智的购买三思。故选A。37．推理判断题。根据表格第二部分“FormerfashioneditoratStylistmagazine,AlexandraFullertoncertainlyknowssomethingaboutgettingdressed.Illustratedbeautifully,thisbookallowsyoutodipeasilyinandoutofhereasy-to-followadvice,helpingyoucarveoutasignaturestyle,shopmoreeffectivelyandevenwashandstoreyourclothestomaximizetheirfullpotential.(《造型师》杂志的前时尚编辑亚历山德拉·富勒顿当然知道如何着装。这本书的插图精美，可以让你轻松地接受和接受她那些易于遵循的建议，帮助你打造出自己的标志性风格，更有效地购物，甚至可以洗涤和储存你的衣服，最大限度地发挥它们的潜力。)”可知，这本书在时尚着装，购物，洗涤和储存衣服方面给出了很好的建议，可以有效打造自我风格，所以，这本书适合对时尚一无所知的应届毕业生去读。故选D。38．细节理解题。根据表格第三部分“Herfriendly,accessibletoneisbackedupwithsomeseriousknowledge—herPhDinfashionmarketingallowshertoexplorehowfarfashionhascomeinrecentdecades,discussingmanythingsincludingvirtualrealityshoppingwhileofferingupabrieftouroffashion’s21stcenturyhistory.(她友好、平易近人的语气背后有着一些严肃的知识——她的时尚营销博士学位让她得以探索近几十年来时尚界的发展，讨论了包括虚拟现实购物在内的许多事情，同时简要介绍了21世纪的时尚历史。)”可知，在VictoriaMagrath的TheNewFashionRules这本书中可以了解到时尚的发展。故选C。39．细节理解题。根据表格第四部分“ThephotographicblogseriesthatmadestarsofIrisApfelandLindaRodin,theAdvancedStylebrandhasgrownoverthepastdecade,demonstratingthatrealbeautyistrulyageless.(AdvancedStyle品牌的摄影博客系列造就了IrisApfel和LindaRodin等明星，这一品牌在过去十年中不断壮大，证明了真正的美是永恒的。)”可知，AdvancedStyle品牌证明了真正的美是永恒的，故选B。40．推理判断题。根据第一段“Whetheryou’relookingtolearnmoreaboutsustainabilityorimagineyourselfasamediabigmanattheheadofaworld-famousmagazine,hereareseveralbooksworthpoppingonyourGoodReadslist.(无论你是想了解更多关于可持续发展的知识，还是想象自己成为世界知名杂志的掌门人，以下几本书都值得你去阅读。)”，结合表格内容对这四本书的介绍可知，它们的共同之处是主题都关于时尚，故选B。BLikemanypeople,intermsofsocializing,Iprioritizemakingtimeformyclosestfriendsandfamily.WhenitcomestoreachingouttopeopleIdon’tknowaswellIoftenfindmyselfreluctanttoengage.Thiscouldbeabigmistake,though,accordingtoanewstudy.Havingdifferenttypesofsocialinteractionsseemstobecentraltoourhappiness—somethingmanyofusmaythinklittleof.Inaseriesofsurveys,researcherslookedathowhavingasociallydiversenetworkrelatedtopeople’swell-being.Inonesurvey,578Americansreportedonwhatactivitiestheyhadbeenengagedin,withwhomandforhowlongoverthepast24hours,whilealsosayinghowhappywithlifetheywere.Theresearchersfoundthatpeoplewithmorediversesocialnetworkswerehappierandmoresatisfiedwithlifethanthosewithlessdiversenetworks—regardlessofhowmuchtimetheyhadspentsocializingoverall.“Themoreyoucanbroadenyoursocialcircleandreachouttopeopleyoutalktolessfrequently—likeanacquaintance,afriend,acoworker,orevenastranger—themoreitcouldhavepositivebenefitsforyourwell-being,”saidtheleadresearcherHanneCollinsofHarvardBusinessSchool.Tofurthertestthisidea,sheandhercolleagueslookedatlargedatasetsfromtheAmericanTimeUseSurveyandtheWorldHealthOrganization’sStudyonGlobalAgingandAdultHealth.Inbothcases,theyfoundthatwhenpeoplehadabroaderrangeofsocialinteractions,theyexperiencedgreaterhappinessandwell-being.ThenCollinsandhercolleaguesdidanotheranalysis,usingdatafromamobileappthat21,644French-speakingpeopleusedtoreportontheirdailysocialactivitiesandhappiness.There,theyfoundthatwhensomeoneexperiencedgreater-than-averagesocialdiversityoneweek,theywerehappierthatweekandtheweekafter.Whyisthat?Itcouldbethatbeingwithdifferentpeoplecontributestodifferentkindsofemotions,whichmaybeadrivingforceinourhappiness,saysCollins.Alternatively,itcouldbethathavingamorediversenetworkallowsyoutogetvarioussocialsupportswhenyouneedit.Whateverthecase,Collinshopesherresearchwillinspirepeopletoexpandtheirsocialnetworkswhentheycan.41．Whatdoestheauthoruseasanintroductiontothepassage?A．Apersonalcommunicationskill.B．Asocialtrendagainstone’swill.C．Acommonsocialphenomenon.D．Aculturemanypeopleneglect.42．Whatdoweknowaboutthestudy?A．Itsresultsweredifferentfromculturetoculture.B．Differentresultswereobtainedfromtheresearchers’threesurveys.C．Theresearcherscollectedlargeamountsofdatafromdifferentplatforms.D．Itfocusedontheimpactofamorediversesocialnetworkonlifesatisfaction.43．Whatcanwelearnfromthe3rdand4thparagraph?A．Anystrangerorco-workercanbringyouhappiness.B．Broadsocialcirclecontributestomorehappiness.C．Happinessdependsonlyonsocialinteractions.D．Closerelationshipinfluenceshappinessbadly.44．Howmaysocialdiversityimproveone’swell-beingaccordingtoCollins?A．Byprovidingmotivationforlife.B．Byleadingtoone’sbalancedlife.C．Byarousingone’spositiveemotions.D．Bymakinghim/hersensitivetohappiness.45．Whatwillbemostprobablytalkedaboutafterthelastparagraph?A．Collins’ssociallife.B．Collins’sconclusions.C．Collins’snewresearch.D．Collins’sspecificsuggestions.【答案】41．C

42．D

43．B

44．C

45．D【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了研究者发现拥有多样化社交网络的人拥有更强的幸福感。41．推理判断题。根据第一段“Likemanypeople,intermsofsocializing,Iprioritizemakingtimeformyclosestfriendsandfamily.WhenitcomestoreachingouttopeopleIdon’tknowaswellIoftenfindmyselfreluctanttoengage.Thiscouldbeabigmistake,though,accordingtoanewstudy.Havingdifferenttypesofsocialinteractionsseemstobecentraltoourhappiness—somethingmanyofusmaythinklittleof.”（像许多人一样，在社交方面，我优先考虑为我最亲密的朋友和家人腾出时间。当涉及到接触我不太了解的人时，我经常发现自己不愿意参与。然而，根据一项新的研究，这可能是一个很大的错误。拥有不同类型的社会互动似乎是我们幸福的核心——这是我们许多人可能很少想到的。）可知，作者用“人们优先考虑为最亲密的朋友和家人腾出时间”这一个普遍的社会现象来作为文章的引言，引出“不同类型的社会互动似乎是我们幸福的核心”这一观点。故选C项。42．细节理解题。根据第二段“Inaseriesofsurveys,researcherslookedathowhavingasociallydiversenetworkrelatedtopeople’swell-being.”（在一系列的调查中，研究人员观察了拥有一个社会多样化的社交网络是如何与人们的幸福感产生关系的。）可知，这个研究关注的是多样化的社交网络对幸福感的影响，幸福感与生活满意相关。故选D项。43．推理判断题。根据第三段“‘Themoreyoucanbroadenyoursocialcircleandreachouttopeopleyoutalktolessfrequently—likeanacquaintance,afriend,acoworker,orevenastranger—themoreitcouldhavepositivebenefitsforyourwell-being,’saidtheleadresearcherHanneCollinsofHarvardBusinessSchool.”（哈佛大学的首席研究员汉娜·柯林斯说：“你越能拓宽自己的社交圈就越能接触到那些你不太经常交谈的人——比如熟人、朋友、同事、甚至是陌生人——它对你的幸福就越有积极的好处，”）和第四段“Inbothcases,theyfoundthatwhenpeoplehadabroaderrangeofsocialinteractions,theyexperiencedgreaterhappinessandwell-being.”（在这两种情况下，他们发现当人们有更广泛的社会互动他们会体验到更大的幸福感和幸福。）可知，这两段都是为了说明拥有更广泛社交圈子有助于拥有更多幸福。故选B项。44．推理判断题。根据第六段“Itcouldbethatbeingwithdifferentpeoplecontributestodifferentkindsofemotions,whichmaybeadrivingforceinourhappiness,saysCollins.”（可能和不同的人在一起会导致不同的情绪，这可能是我们幸福的驱动力，柯林斯说。）可知，社交多样性会使人产生不同的情绪，而不同的情绪会成为幸福的驱动力。C项中“积极的情绪”也是社交多样性产生的情绪之一，也可以说社交多样性是通过引起人们的积极情绪来提高人的幸福感。故选C项。45．推理判断题。根据第六段“Whateverthecase,Collinshopesherresearchwillinspirepeopletoexpandtheirsocialnetworkswhentheycan.”（无论在怎样的事例中，柯林斯希望她的研究能激励人们尽可能扩大自己的社交网络。）可知，柯林斯希望人们扩大自己的社交网络，由此推断接下来作者可能会就如何扩大社交网络给出一些特别的建议。故选D项。CAssmartphoneusersknow,asleepingdevicecanstillconsumethepowerofabattery.Onesolutionforextendingthebatterylifeofwirelessdevicesistoaddawake-upreceiverthatcantunonashut-offdevice.AngadRekhi,auniversitystudent,andAminArabians,anassistantprofessorhavedevelopedawake-upreceiverthatturnsonadeviceinresponsetoultrasonic(超声波的)signals.Byworkingatasignificantlysmallerwavelengthandswitchingfromradiowavestoultrasound,thisreceiverismuchsmallerthansimilarwake-upreceivers.Thiswake-upreceiverhasmanypotentialapplications,particularlyindesigningthenextgenerationofnetworkeddevices,includingthesmartdevicesthatcancommunicatedirectlywithoneanotherwithouthuman’srole.Onceattachedtoadevice,awake-upreceiverlistensforauniqueultrasonicpatternthattellsitwhentoturnthedeviceon.Itonlyneedsaverysmallamountofpowertomaintainthisconstantlistening,soitstillsavesenergy.Thedesigningofthesereceiverspresentedanumberofchallenges.“Miniaturizingwake-upreceiversanddrivingdownpowerconsumptionwhilemaintainingorextendingrangearefundamentalchallenges,”Angadsaid.“Bydoingso,thereceiverscanbesmallbutpowerfulenoughtofitinwiththeenvironment.”Bycomparison,theultrasoundwake-upreceiverrequiresabatterybuthasmuchgreaterrangethanthewirelesslypowereddevices,Thesetwotechnologies-wirelesspowerandwake-upreceiverswouldlikelyservedifferentpurposes,butbothindicateaturningpointindevicesthatmakeuptheInternetofthings.“Inlightofalong-promisedfuturewhereinterconnected,autonomous,widespreadandremarkabletechnologiesmakelifeeasier,thenetworkeddevicesavailablenow,likevideodoorbellsandapp-enabledlights,seemlikeratherslightadvances”theresearchersexplained.TheybelievetechnologiescouldhelpcrossthegapbetweentheInternetofthingsasweknowitandtheInternetofthingsattheirbest.46．Howdoesthewake-upreceiverwork?A．Bygettingpermissionfromtheownerandturningonthedevice.B．Bypickinguptheradiosoundandturningitintotheultrasonicsignal.C．Bysensingthesignalandturningonthedeviceautomatically.D．Byreceivingtheultrasonicsignalandremindingitsowner.47．Whatisthemainadvantageofthewake-upreceiver?A．Itcanreceivesignalsquickly. B．It'sremotelycontrolled.C．It'senergy-efficient. D．Itcancommunicatebyitself.48．Whatcanthewake-upreceiverbeappliedfor?A．wake-upsmartdevices B．ultrasonicdevicesC．wirelesslypowereddevices D．futurenetworkeddevices49．Theunderlinedword“miniaturizing”inParagraph5canbereplacedby“________”.A．reducingthesizeof B．makingfulluseof C．designingthestyleof D．checkingthefunctionof50．WhatisAngad’sattitudetowardsthefutureofthenetworkeddevices?A．Critical. B．Positive. C．Indifferent. D．Objective【答案】46．C

47．C

48．D

49．A

50．B【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一种尺寸更小且节能的设备——唤醒接收器。46．细节理解题。根据第二段中“AngadRekhi,auniversitystudent,andAminArabians,anassistantprofessorhavedevelopedawake-upreceiverthatturnsonadeviceinresponsetoultrasonicsignals.”（大学生AngadRekhi和助理教授AminArabians发明了一种唤醒接收器，它可以响应超声波信号打开设备。）及第四段中“Onceattachedtoadevice,awake-upreceiverlistensforauniqueultrasonicpatternthattellsitwhentoturnthedeviceon.”（一旦连接到设备上，唤醒接收器就会监听一种独特的超声波模式，告诉它何时打开设备。）可知，这种唤醒设备可以响应超声波信号，自动打开设备。故选C。47．细节理解题。根据第四段中“Itonlyneedsaverysmallamountofpowertomaintainthisconstantlistening,soitstillsavesenergy.”（它只需要很少的能量来维持这种持续的倾听，所以它仍然节能。）可知，这种唤醒装置是节能的。故选C。48．细节理解题。根据第三段中“Thiswake-upreceiverhasmanypotentialapplications,particularlyindesigningthenextgenerationofnetworkeddevices”（这种唤醒接收器有许多潜在的应用，特别是在设计下一代网络设备方面）可知，这种唤醒装置在未来的网络设备方面尤其有用。故选D。49．词义猜测题。根据划线词前文“Thedesigningofthesereceiverspresentedanumberofchallenges.”（这些接收器的设计提出了一些挑战。）及“Miniaturizingwake-upreceiversanddrivingdownpowerconsumptionwhilemaintainingorextendingrangearefundamentalchallenges”（在保持或扩大射程的同时，使唤醒接收器……和降低功耗是基本的挑战）并结合下文“Bydoingso,thereceiverscanbesmallbutpowerfulenoughtofitinwiththeenvironment.”（通过这样做，接收器可以变得很小，但足够强大，以适应环境。）可推知，接收器的设计存在挑战，要让接收器变得更小，因此，划线词此处的含义为“尺寸减小”。故选A。50．推理判断题。根据第五段Angad所说“Bydoingso,thereceiverscanbesmallbutpowerfulenoughtofitinwiththeenvironment.”（通过这样做，接收器可以变得很小，但足够强大，以适应环境。）及最后一