河北省邯郸市峰峰矿务局第二中学2025届高三下学期第五次调研考试英语试题含解析

河北省邯郸市峰峰矿务局第二中学2025届高三下学期第五次调研考试英语试题考生请注意：1．答题前请将考场、试室号、座位号、考生号、姓名写在试卷密封线内，不得在试卷上作任何标记。2．第一部分选择题每小题选出答案后，需将答案写在试卷指定的括号内，第二部分非选择题答案写在试卷题目指定的位置上。3．考生必须保证答题卡的整洁。考试结束后，请将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分（共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）1．Ifyouseethingsinanegativelight,youwillfindfaultseverywhereandproblemswheretherearereally________．A．noneB．someC．manyD．nothing2．Lastsummerwesawaverygoodfilm,____wasabouttheAnti-Japanesewar.A．whichB．whenC．thatD．where3．—Whatabouttheprotectionofthesenewmachines?—Let’skeepthesurface________dustbyputtingacoveroverthem.A．farfromB．apartfromC．freefromD．awayfrom4．Whenonholidays,therailwaysputontrainstomakepeople’stravelmoreconvenient.A．regularB．specialC．particularD．unusual5．Theyaredeterminedtogointothedarkcave,________mywarningofdanger.A．regardlessofB．becauseofC．apartfromD．insteadof6．Wesellalotofproductsoffshoreandtheopportunitytoopenupmarketsinregions________wedon'tcurrentlysellalottoisagreatone.A．where B．thatC．what D．when7．Varietiesofsolutionshavebeenprovidedforustosolvetheproblem.Wecanchoose________tostartwith.A．it B．that C．each D．one8．Generallyspeaking,________accordingtothedirections,themedicinehasnosideeffect.A．whentakenB．whentakingC．whentotake D．whentobetaken9．TheBrownsheld_______theycalled“familyday”onceeachyear.A．that B．what C．which D．when10．(2013·福建)_____________basicfirst-aidtechniqueswillhelpyourespondquicklytoemergencies.A．Known B．HavingknownC．Knowing D．Beingknown11．TherecentlyreleasedfilmKong：SkullIslandsuccessfully________theaudiencetotheadventurewithDolby3-Dtechnology.A．transportsB．adjustsC．transformsD．relates12．Wasitatthebeginning_____youmadethepromise____youwoulddoalltohelpmakeit?A．that;that B．when;thatC．that;when D．when;when13．Thisisnotaneconomicalwaytogetmorewater;________,itisveryexpensive.A．worsestill B．onthecontraryC．inshort D．inaddition14．JustinabookabouthisadventuresinTibet．Ihopehecanfindagoodpublisherwhenitisfinished．A．waswriting B．iscurrentlywriting C．hasalreadywritten D．wrote15．---Ann,ourdepartmentmaybenamedtheDepartmentoftheYearbecauseoftheoutstandingperformance.---_______.A．GoodtoknowB．I’llsayC．IhearyouonthatoneD．Can’targuewiththat16．—HaveyouheardfromJanerecently?—No，butI________heroverChristmas.A．sawB．willbeseeingC．haveseenD．havebeenseeing17．_______,Ihaveneverseenanyonewho'sascapableasJohn.A．AslongasIhavetraveledB．MuchasIhavetraveledC．NowthatIhavetraveledsomuchD．AsIhavetraveledsomuch18．Itisthebusdriverwhoshould______thesafetyofthepassengers.A．answerforB．searchforC．standforD．gofor19．Thescientistdoesnotstudynature________itisusefultodoso.Hestudiesitbecausehetakespleasureinit.A．until B．becauseC．though D．unless20．______forthefreetickets,Iwouldnothavegonetoseefilmssooften.A．Ifitisnot B．HaditnotbeenC．Wereitnot D．Iftheywerenot第二部分阅读理解（满分40分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。21．（6分）IfConfucius(孔子)werealivetodayandcouldcelebratehisSeptember28birthdaywithabigcake,therewouldbealotofcandles.He’dneedafanorastrongwindtohelphimputthemout.WhilemanypeopleinChinarememberConfuciusonhisspecialday,fewpeopleintheUnitedStateswillgivehimapassingthought.It’snothingpersonal.MostAmericansdon’tevenrememberthebirthdaysoftheirownnationalheroes.Butthatdoesn’tmeanthatAmericansdon’tcareaboutConfucius.InmanywayshehasbecomeabridgethatforeignersmustcrossiftheywanttoreachadeeperunderstandingofChina.Inthepasttwentyyears,theChinesestudiesprogramshavegainedhugepopularityinWesternuniversities.Morerecently,theChinesegovernmenthassetupConfuciusInstitutesinmorethan80countries.TheseschoolsteachbothChineselanguageandculture.ThemaincoursesofChinesecultureusuallyincludeChineseart,historyandphilosophy(哲学).SomesocialscientistssuggestthatWesternersshouldtakeadvantageof(利用)ancientChinesewisdomtomakeupthedrawbacks(缺陷)Westernphilosophy.StudentsintheUnitedStates,atthesametime,areracingtolearnChinese.SotheywillbereadyforlifeinaworldwhereChinaisanequalpowerwiththeUnitedStates.BusinessmenwhohopetomakemoneyinChinaarereadingbooksaboutConfuciustounderstandtheirChinesecustomers.Sotheoldthinker’sideasarestillaliveandwell.TodayChinaattractstheWestmorethanever,anditwillneedmoretointroduceConfuciusandChineseculturetotheWest.Asfortheoldthinker,hewillnotbeforgottenbypeopleintheWest,evenifhisbirthdayis.1、Theopeningparagraphismainlyintendedto________.A．providesomekeyfactsaboutConfuciusB．attractthereaders’interestinthesubjectC．showgreatrespectfortheancientthinkerD．provethepopularityofmodernbirthdaycelebrations2、WecanlearnfromParagraph4thatAmericanstudents________.A．takeanactivepartinChinesecompetitionsB．trytogethighscoresinChineseexamsC．haveagreatinterestinstudyingChineseD．fightforachancetolearnChinese3、Whatisthebesttitleforthispassage?A．ForgottenWisdominAmericaB．HugeFansoftheChineseLanguageC．ChineseCultureforWesternersD．OldThinkerwithaBigFuture4、Thepassageislikelytoappearin________.A．abiographyB．ahistorypaperC．aphilosophytextbookD．anewspaper22．（8分）Tohelpmakeupforsleeplostduringmarathonnightflights,migrating(迁徙)birdstakehundredsofpowernap(小睡)duringtheday,eachlastingafewseconds.Everyautumn,Swainson’sthrushes(画眉)flyupto3,000milesfromtheirbreedinggroundsinnorthernCanadaandAlaskatowinterinCentralandSouthAmerica.Comespring,thebirdsmakethelongtripback.Thebirdsflymostlyatnightandoftenforlonghoursatatime,leavinglittletimeforsleep.Sotogetthroughthesetiresomeperiods,thrushes,duringautumnandspringwhenthebirdsarenormallymigrating,changetheirsleeppatterns,stayingawakeatnightandrestingduringday.Butinsteadofsleepingforalongperiodatatime,thebirdstookseveralnapsaday,eachonelastingonly9secondsonaverage.Thethrushesalsomixeduptheirshut-eyesessionswithtwootherformsofsleep.Inone,calledunilateraleyeclosure,orUEC,thebirdsrestedoneeyeandonehalfoftheirbrainswhiletheirothereyeandhalfbrainremainedopenandactive,protectingthemfromdanger.Thebirdsalsooccasionallyslippedintoanotherstate,onethatanycollegestudentwhohaseverbeenstuckinaboringlecturecanrelateto.Calleddrownsiness(睡意),thisstateischaracterizedbyapartialshuttingofbotheyesthatstillallowsforsomevisualprocessing.“Intermsofquality,drowsinessmaybelessusefulthannormalsleep,butitmayalsobesafer.”saidFuchs.What’sinterestingisthatevenanimalsshouldmakeupforsleeploss.Thataneedforsleepcannotbelosteveninthesebirdsmeanstheimportanceofsleepformany,ifnotall,animals,nottomentionhuman.1、Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?A．MigratingBirdsTravelforLongHoursB．MigratingNeedHelpC．HowBirdsMigrateduringAutumnD．MigratingBirdsTakeManyDailyPowerNaps2、Accordingtothetext,whenhavingdrowsiness,thethrushes______.A．willrestoneeyeandtheotheractiveB．willoftensleepduringdayC．willstillbecarefulwiththepossibledangersD．willnotseeanythinginfrontofthem3、Whatcanwelearnfromthetext?A．Sleepisimportantforhumanbeing.B．Animalsneedsleeptorest.C．Migratingbirdsneedsleeponlyduringday.D．Collegestudentsoftenhavedrowsinessinfall.23．（8分）Ifyoubuyawashingmachine,afridgeoratelevisioninEurope,itcomeswithasticker.Thankstoa1992EUrule,allappliancesmustbelabelled(贴标签)withtheirenergyefficiency.Sowhyhasourfoodsystem-whichthreatens10,000specieswithextinction,producesabout30%ofgreenhousegases,anddrives800/oofourairpollution-onlyeverhadvoluntaryeco-labels?Theappliancesrulinghadahugeimpact;initially,75%offridgesandfreezerswereratedGtoD(lowefficiency),buttoday98%areclassedA++orA+++.Worldwide,theenergyefficiencyoflabelledapplianceshasincreasedthreetimesfasterthanapplianceswithoutlabels.Introducinganequalsystemforfoodcouldhaveanevenbiggerimpact.Mandatoryenvironmentallabelswouldchangehowweproduceandconsumeinfar-reachingways.First,producerswouldhavetomeasuretheirimpactsinauniformwayandbeaccountablefortheresults.Thiswouldnotbeexpensive:itisfreetomonitorenvironmentalimpactsusingdigitaltoolssuchasFieldprintandtheCoolFarmTool.Second,theysupportsustainableconsumption.Ourresearchfoundthatproductsthatlook,tasteandcostthesamecanhavedramaticallydifferentenvironmentalimpacts.High-impactbeefproducersuse5,400%morelandandcreatel,000%moregreenhousegasesthanlow-impactproducers.Labelswouldallowconsumerstotelltheseproductsapart.Theywouldhighlightbothhigh-andlow-impactproducers,inthesameway,acrossmultipleproducts.Thiswouldencouragemorepeopletothinkabouttheirchoicesbyexposingthemtothefactseverytimetheyareintheshops.Wecanalsouselabelstoturnsmallerconsumerchangesintolargeenvironmentalbenefits:becauseasmallnumberofproducerscreatealargeshareoftheimpact,simplyavoidinghigh-impactproducerscanmakeahugecontributiontopollutionreductions.1、WhydoestheauthormentiontheappliancesinParagraph1？A．Toapplaudthe1992EUrule.B．Tobringupthetopicoflabellingfood.C．Topointoutthepollutiontheycaused.D．Tocomparetheirenergyconsumptionrates.2、WhatdothefiguresinParagraph2show?A．Theimportanceofsavingenergy.B．Thedebateabouteco-labelledappliances.C．Theeffectivenessoftheappliancesruling.D．Theproblemcausedbyappliancesoflowefficiency.3、Whatdoestheword“Mandatory”inParagraph3mean?A．Compulsory. B．Effective. C．Different. D．Independent.4、Whatcanbelearnedabouteco-labels?A．Theywillincreasetheprofitsoflow-impactproducers.B．Theycanshowproducers'environmentalimpacts.C．Theywillguideconsumerstobuyhealthierfood.D．Theycanexposeconsumerstomoreproducts24．（8分）Dogsmayactuallyunderstandwhattheirownersaretryingtosay,accordingtoanewstudy.Moreover,whendogslistentosomeonetalking,theymayusebrainregionsthatareequaltothosethathumansusetounderstandwhatotherssay,theresearchersfound.Inotherwords,thenewstudyshowsthatthebrainmechanisms(结构）involvedintheprocessofunderstandinghumanspeecharesimilarindogsandhumans.Thismeansthatthebrainmechanismsinvolvedinunderstandinghumanspeecharenotuniquetohumans.Toconveyinformationthroughspeech,peopleusebothwordsandintonation(语调）,whichisthewayaperson'svoicerisesandfallstoexpressanemotionormeaning,suchaspraiseordisapproval.Similarly,tounderstandwhatsomeoneistryingtosay,peoplehavetopayattentiontoboththeirwordsandtheirintonation.Inthestudy,theresearcherswantedtoseewhetherdogsalsopayattentiontobothwordsandintonationwhentryingtounderstandwhatahumanistryingtosaytothem.Toconductthestudy,theresearcherslookedat13dogs.Theresearchersmeasuredthedogs’brainactivitywithabrainscannerwhilethedogslistenedtorecordingsoftheirtrainersspeakingdifferentcombinationsofwordsandintonations.Theresearchersfoundthatthedogspaidattentiontoboththewordsandintonationwhentryingtounderstandhumanspeech,justashumansdowhentheytrytounderstandhumanspeech.Thisfindingmeansthatdogsmayunderstandboththewordsandtheintonationthathumansusewhentheytalktodogs.Thebrainscansalsosuggestedthatthedogsusedtheleftpartsoftheirbrainswhiletryinglounderstandwordshutusedtherightpartsoftheirbrainswhiletryingtounderstandintonation.Similarly,humansusetheleftpartsoftheirbrainswhiletryingtounderstandthemeaningsofwordsandtherightpartsoftheirbrainswhiletryingtounderstandintonation.1、Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?A．YourDogUnderstandsWhatYou’reSayingB．ABigChallengetoHumanBeingsC．OurBestFriends—DogsD．TheDogsintheFuture2、Whatdopeopleusetoconveyinformationthroughspeech?A．Emotionormeaning.B．Voicerisingandfalling.C．Wordsandintonation.D．Praiseordisapproval.3、Whatcanbeinferredfromthepassage?A．Dogsarethecleverestanimals.B．Itisgenerallybelievedthatthebrainmechanismsinvolvedinunderstandinghumanspeechareuniquetohumans.C．Withthebrainmechanismslikehuman's,dogscanspeakashumandointhenearfuture.D．Dogsarealsogoodallearninglanguages.25．（10分）Haveyoueverspentanafternooninthebackyard,maybegrillingorenjoyingabasketballgame,whensuddenlyyounoticethateverythinggoesquiet?Thereisanoldphrase“calmbeforethestorm”，oftenusedinasituation—aquietperiodjustbeforeagreatactivityorexcitement.Accordingtoourownexperience,weknowthereisactuallycalmbeforethestorm.Butwhatcausesthiscalm?Andisitalwayscalmbeforethestorm?Let'shearwhatscientistshavetosay.Aperiodofcalmhappensinaparticularkindofstorm,thesimplestkindofstorm—asingle－cellthunderstorm.Inthistypeofthunderstorm,thereisusuallyonlyonemainupdraft,whichiswarm,dampairanddrawnfromplacesneartheground.Stormsneedwarmanddampairasfuel,sotheytypicallydrawthatairinfromsurroundingenvironment.Stormscandrawintheairthatfittheirneedfromalldirections—evenfromthedirectioninwhichthestormistraveling.Asthewarm,dampairispulledintoastormsystem,itleavesalow－pressurevacuum(真空)comingafter.Therisingairmeetsthecolddryairthathasalreadyexistedinthestormclouds,thusthetemperatureofthewarm,dampairdrops,andthewatervapour(水蒸汽)initchangesintotinydropsthatareapreconditionofrain.Thesedropsaccumulateandbuildonlargerparticleslikedust,untiltheygrowlargeenoughtoformraindrops.Thiswarm,dampairkeepsmovingupwards,butitbecomescooleranddrierduringitstripthroughcloud.Whenitreachesthetopofthecloud,theairgetsspitout(被挤出)atthetop.Thisairissentrollingoutoverthebigthunderclouds.Fromthere,theairgoesdown.Warmanddryairisrelativelystable,andonceitcoversaregion,thatair,inturn,causesthecalmbeforeastorm.Mostthunderstorms,though,don'tstartwithcalm.That'sbecausemostareactuallygroupsofstormswithcomplexwindpatterns.There'ssomuchairmovingupanddownstormgroupsthatthecalmbeforethestormneverhappens.Instead,beforethestorm,itmightbereallywindy!1、Whichbestfitsthedescriptionofaparticularkindofstorm?A．Astormwithairdrawnfromeverydirection.B．Athunderstormwithoutstrongwinds.C．Athunderstormwithasingleshape.D．Astormfueledbymovingairfromtheground.2、Whatdoestheunderlinedword“it”inParagraph3referto?A．Coldanddryair. B．Warmanddampair.C．Coldanddampair. D．Warmanddryair.3、Whichdoesthewritermostlikelyagreeto?A．Presenceofthecalmreliesonstableair.B．Stormhappenswithoutairmovingupanddown.C．Thedriertheairis,thebiggerthestormwillbe.D．Notallthunderstormsstartwiththecalm.4、Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A．Causesandeffectsofaheavystorm.B．Anexplanationofthecalmbeforeastorm.C．Apersonalexperienceofaheavystorm.D．Abriefdescriptionofapeacefulstorm.第三部分语言知识运用（共两节）第一节（每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项．26．（30分）IthappenedtoSusanBlackinacoldwinter.Everythingseemedina1thosedays.Bothherparentssufferingfromdepression,sendingfora2becameacommonpractice.Asawomaninher40s,itwasa3jobtobeateacherof30first-graders,whowerealways4,andshe’dtriedallsortsofmethods,but5togetthemquietinclass...Misfortuneswere6oneafteranother.Afteralongandtiringdayatwork,Susandraggedherselfalong,7towardstheparkinglot.Shecametothecar,onlytofindshehadlockedherkeysandcellphoneinside.8kickingthetyreofthecar,shesensedtears9hercheeks.“What’swrong?”avoicewasheard.Susanlookedup,andsawayoungmanwitha10athisside.Susanstoppedweepingandexplainedhersituation,addingthat11hecalledherhusband,hewouldn’tbringherthesparecarkey,sincehewasworkingatthe12endofthetownanditwasstillnottimeto13theday’swork.“Callyour14andtellhimI’mcomingtogetthekey,”theyoungmanhandedSusanhisphone.“Butthat’sninemiles’roundtrip...”saidSusan.“There’snotimefor15.I’llbebackassoonaspossible.”Twohourslater,themotorriderreturnedwithabigsmileand16face,keyinhand.Susan17somemoney,butherefused.“Let’sjustsayIneededthe18,”withthosewords,likea19inthemovies,herodeoffintothesunset.ForSusan,the“cowboy”notonlypickedthekey,but20herday,orrather,warmedthelongandcoldwinterdays.1、A．battleB．rowC．messD．hurry2、A．workerB．psychologistC．policemanD．lawyer3、A．toughB．rareC．boringD．rewarding4、A．kindB．quickC．happyD．noisy5、A．atheartB．invainC．onpurposeD．withease6、A．comingtrueB．pilingupC．goingwellD．runningout7、A．lookingB．marchingC．yellingD．heading8、A．MildlyB．RandomlyC．SuddenlyD．Wildly9、A．streamingdownB．flowingpastC．showingupD．castingaway10、A．bicycleB．carC．motorbikeD．taxi11、A．evenifB．unlessC．justasD．whenever12、A．wideB．deepC．farD．long13、A．endB．forgetC．giveupD．putoff14、A．friendB．familyC．daughterD．husband15、A．waitingB．hesitationC．travelingD．delivery16、A．charmingB．sweatingC．worryingD．encouraging17、A．receivedB．sharedC．offeredD．loaded18、A．exerciseB．helpC．rewardD．lesson19、A．youngB．strangerC．motorriderD．cowboy20、A．keptB．burntC．fixedD．built第二节（每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。27．（15分）IwasluckyenoughtoattendthesixthUNEconomicandSocialCouncilYouthForum,1．washeldinNewYorkinJanuary.Attheopeningceremony,Iwassoimpressedaftermeetingmorethan500fellowyoungpeoplefromover200countriesandregions.IfeltthingsIusedtoworryabout,suchasmyexamsorperformanceatschool,weresosmall2．(compare)totheglobalproblemstheyweretryingtosolve.3．youngpeople,weshouldfocusmoreonmajorproblems,likepoverty,environmentalproblemsandhealthcarefacingallhumanbeings.第四部分写作（共两节）第一节短文改错（满分10分）28．（10分）假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。删除:把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。修改:在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1、每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2、只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。Thereisanoldmanlivenexttomydoor、Helivesalone、Occasionalhischildrenwillcometovisittohim、Whenweaskedhimthereasonforwhichhedidn’tmovetolivewithhischildren,hesaidhedidn’twanttotroublethembecausetheirdifferentlifestyles、Themanlikestositinfrontoftheshop,thatpeoplechatexcitedlyeveryday、Oncehehelpedthewomancarryheavyfoodhome、Besides,wheneversomeoneaskforinformations,heknowseverything、Heissurelyagoodperson、Andwewerewillingtolookonherasourfriend、44第二节书面表达（满分25分）29．（25分）假设你是李华，你的美国朋友Edward准备暑假一个人来中国浏览泰山。请根据以下要点用英语给Edward发