黑龙江省佳木斯市汤原县高级中学2025届高考冲刺押题(最后一卷)英语试卷含解析_第1页
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黑龙江省佳木斯市汤原县高级中学2025届高考冲刺押题(最后一卷)英语试卷请考生注意:1.请用2B铅笔将选择题答案涂填在答题纸相应位置上,请用0.5毫米及以上黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔将主观题的答案写在答题纸相应的答题区内。写在试题卷、草稿纸上均无效。2.答题前,认真阅读答题纸上的《注意事项》,按规定答题。第一部分(共20小题,每小题1.5分,满分30分)1.Don'tdefendhimanymore.It'sobviousthathe________destroyedthefenceofthegardenevenwithoutanapology.A.accidentallyB.carelesslyC.deliberatelyD.clumsily2.Thepostofficeisclosed______Saturdayafternoon.A.on B.in C.of D.at3.Don'tgiveuphalfway,andyouwillfindthesceneryismorebeautifulwhenyoureachthedestinationthanwhenyou_______.A.startoff B.havestartedoffC.startedoff D.willstartoff4.---Thepricesofvegetablesaregoingupmadly.It’sreallytoomuchforus.---Butforthesituationwheremanyvegetableproducingareas_____constantlowtemperature,thingswouldnotbelikethis.A.meetwith B.havemetwithC.metwith D.hadmetwith5.—Someonewantsyouonthephone.—________nobodyknowsIamhere.A.AlthoughB.AndC.SoD.But6.—Iamwondering________makesyoustudysohard?—Togotomydreamuniversity.A.whatisitthat B.thatiswhatC.whatisthat D.whatitisthat7.Theydon’tfeelsafeinourtownatnightbecauseitsodangerous.There’sarobberyeveryweeknow.A.becomes B.became C.hasbecome D.hadbecome8.___________theeffectofcultureshock,heistryingtoreadalotaboutitbeforegoingtoFranceforfurtherstudy.A.ToreduceB.ReducedC.ReducingD.Havingreduced9.—Mum,littleRaybrokehistoysagain!—Itdoesn'tmatter.Yousee,accidents_____happen.A.shall B.should C.must D.will10.语音知识(共5小题;每小题l分,满分5分)从A、B、C、D四个选项中,找出其划线部分与所给单词的划线部分读音相同的选项。并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。11.Cellphonesarenowwidelyusedinourdailylives,________________itpossibleforustotalktoanyoneeasily.A.tomake B.madeC.make D.making12.—Whendidyougettoknowyourgirlfriend?—Itwasin2015________shewasworkingasavolunteerinAfrica.A.that B.whichC.when D.then13.Mysister______thebabywhileI’matyoga.A.arrangesB.mindsC.assesses14.Astothe“996workschedule”,______employeesworkfrom9amto9pm,6daysaweek,People’sDailycommentedthatvaluinghardworkdoesnotmeanforcingemployeestoworkovertime.A.that B.which C.where D.when15.—Steve,thevacationiscomingsoon.Haveyoufoundasummerjobyet?—IsupposeIcanworkattheboy’scamp_____Iworkedlastsummer.A.that B.where C.which D.what16.Notevenwhen_____throughthedarkestvalley_____beafraid,foryouarealwaysclosebesideme.A.doIwalk;willIB.doIwalk;IwillC.Iwalk;IwillD.Iwalk;willI17.Changingthepasswordonyouraccountisn’talastingsolutionifyoudon’tremoveanyvirus,?A.don’tyou B.doyouC.isn’tit D.isit18.—GoingtowatchtheWomen’sVolleyballMatchonWednesday?—________!Willyougowithme?A.Youbet B.YougotmeC.Youthere D.Youknowbetter19.Ourclassheldafierce________astowhethertoreducetheamountofhomeworkornot.A.bargainB.competitionC.debateD.campaign20.Theinnerthoughtsofthetwoyoungpersonsarerevealedinthebook,______bothofthemfailtoexpress.A.where B.whenC.who D.which第二部分阅读理解(满分40分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。21.(6分)AccordingarecentreportinNewScientist,abreakthroughbirthoccurredundertheradarsomefivemonthsago.WiththehelpofJohnZhangfromtheNewHopeFertilityCenterinNewYorkCity,aJordaniancouplegavebirthtoachildwithonemorethantwogeneticparents.So-calledthree-parentbabiesactuallyhavemorelike2.001parents,accordingtoexperts.Andthebabyboybornearlierthisyearisn’tthefirstchildtohavealittlemoreDNAthanMomandDadcouldprovideontheirown.AnIVFtechniquethatreliedonsmalltransfersofdonors’DNAwaspioneeredintheUnitedStatesduringthe1990sbutwasbannedafterfewerthan100babieswereborn.ThisJordaniannewbornrepresentsthefirstsuccessfulbirthinanewwaveof“three-parent”techniques—onesthataremoresophisticatedandthatwilllikelystickaroundmuchlonger.Fornow,thereisnocountrywherethemethodusedtogivebirthtothebabyboyisreallylegal.ZhangperformedtheprocedureinMexico,where,hetoldNewScientists,“Therearenorules.”Thesetechniquesinvolvethetransferofmitochondrial(线粒体的)DNAormtDNA.Oftencalledthe“powerplants”ofthecell,themitochondriatransformenergyfromfoodintoenergythatcanpoweracell.Whensomeone’smitochondriadon’tfunctionproperly,it’sbadnewsindeedforcells.Mitochondrialdiseasescancauseawholehostoflife-threateningproblems,andit’sestimatedthatasmanyas4,000childrenarebornwithsuchconditionsintheUnitedStateseachyear.Inthiscase,thecouplehadlosttwochildrenatyoungagesduetoLeighsyndrome,aneurologicaldisordercausedbyamutation(变异)inthemother’smitochondrialDNA.1、Whydoexpertscallthebabyboyathree-parentbaby?A.Becausehisfatherhasmarriedtwowomen.B.BecausehisDNAisfromthreedonors.C.BecausehehasDNAfromhisparentsandadonor.D.BecausehismothergavebirthtohimwiththehelpofZhang.2、Theunderlinedword“sophisticated”inParagraph3isclosestinmeaningto“________”.A.developedB.importantC.specificD.expensive3、WhydidtheJordaniancouplelosetwochildren?A.Themothersufferedfrommanydiseases.B.Themothercouldn’tgetenoughenergy.C.Themother’sbodyfunctioncouldn’tworkproperly.D.ThemotherhadthediseasecausedbyamutationinmtDNA.4、Whatcanbeinferredformthetext?A.TheIVFtechniquewasusedaroundtheworldduringthe1990s.B.Mitochondrialdiseasescanbetransferredfrommotherstobabies.C.ThebabyboywasborninJordanfivemonthsago.D.Fathers’mitochondrialdiseasescan’taffectyoungbabies.22.(8分)OurplanwastodriveintoCambridge,catchthe7:34traintoLiverpoolStreetStation,thentoseparateandmeetagainforlunch.WeshouldhavearrivedatLiverpoolat9:19,butduetoatypicalLondonfog,thetrainhadtomovealongsoslowlythatitwasnotuntil10:30thatitgotthere.Inspiteofourlatearrival,Joan,mywife’ssister,decidedthatshewouldgotoseetheCrownJewelsintheTowerofLondonwhilewewentshopping.Itwasonlyafterhersisterhaddisappearedintothefogthatmywiferealizedthatwehadn’tdecidedwhereweshouldmeetforlunch.SinceIhadourthreeticketsfortheconcertinmypocket,thiswasindeedaproblem.ThereseemedtobenothingwecoulddoexcepttakingataxitotheTowerofLondon,andtrytofindherthere.Needlesstosay,wedidn’tfindher.Itwasnowoneo’clock,andtheconcertbeganat2:30.“Perhapsshewillthinkofwaitingoutsidetheconcerthall,”suggestedmywifehopefully.Bythistimethefogwassothickthatroadtraffichadtostop,andtheonlywaytogettherewasbyundergroundrailway.Handinhandwefeltourwayalongtheroadtowherewethoughttheneareststationshouldbe.Anhourlaterwewerestilltryingtofindit.JustasIwasabouttolosemytempercompletelywhenwemetablindmantappinghiswayconfidentlythroughthefog.WithhishelpwefoundTowerHilltubestationjustfiftyyardsdowntheroad.Bynowitwasfartoolateeventotrytogettotheconcerthallbeforetheperformancebeganat2:30,sowedecidedtoreturntoCambridge.Ittooksevenlonghoursinsteadoftheusualtwotomakethatjourney.Norwereweabletogetanyfoodanddrinkonthetrain.Tiredandhungrywefinallyreachedhomeatten,openingthedoortothesoundofthetelephonebell.ItwasJoan;shehadseentheCrownJewels,hadmanagedtogetanotherticketforconcert,andhadhadawonderfuldinneratarestaurantnearthehotelwhereshedecidedtostayforthenight.Nowshewasringingtodiscoverwhetherwehadhadanequallysuccessfulday.1、WhywasJoanseparatedfromhersisterandherbrother-in-law?A.theycouldnotseeeachotherbecauseofthefog.B.JoanhadnotseenCrownJewels.C.Theyplannedtododifferentthingsuntillunchtime.D.Thewriterdidn’twanttogototheconcert.2、Whatdidthewriterplantodointheafternoon?A.Gototheconcert. B.SeetheCrownJewels.C.ReturntoCambridge. D.Goshopping.3、Thereasonwhytheydidn’tallmeetforlunchwasthat_______.A.TheylosttheirwayinthefogB.theyforgottomakenecessaryarrangementC.theywaitedatdifferentplacesanddidn’tmeeteachotherD.thecouplecouldn’tfindtheundergroundstation4、It’squiteclearthatforJoanthetriptoLondonhadbeen________.A.spiltbythefog B.quitetiringC.ratherdisappointing D.veryenjoyable23.(8分)A“GameofThrones”themedhotelmadejustofsnowandicehasbeenfinishedinLapland,Finland.LocatedintheresortofKittila,whichis200kilometersabovetheArcticCircleandaround90minutesfromHelsinki,thedestinationismadeupof24rooms—10ofwhicharesuitesforguestsstayingovernight.Temperaturesreach-5℃inside,sohigh-qualitythermal(保温的)sleepingbagsareonhandtokeepguestswarm,aswellasahotberryjuiceinthemorning.Althoughit’srecommendedthatguestsstayatthehotelforamaximumofonenightduetotheicyconditions,therearewarmlogcabinsavailableshouldtheywishtoextendtheirstayintheSnowVillage.Guestscanalsovisitarestaurant,cinema,chapelandbar,allmadeentirelyofsnowandice.GuestsalsoreceiveaguidedtourinsidetheSnowVillage,abuffetbreakfastinthelogrestaurant,andadiplomatocommemoratetheirstay.TravelerscanbookanovernightvisitatthesnowhotelorsimplytakeadaytriptotheSnowVillage,whichcoversanareaofabout20,000squaremeters.Thevillageisopenforvisitorsdailyandhasacinema,achapel,anarcticbarthatservesdrinksinglassescarvedfromice,andarestaurantwithfrozendiningfurnitureandamenufeaturingreindeer(驯鹿)steakWhileit’sbeenconstructedyearlysince2000,thisisthefirsttimetheSnowVillagehasincludeda“GameofThrones”themedsection.KittilaisalsoagreatlocationtoviewtheNorthernLights,andSnowVillageofferssnowmobilesafarissnowmobilesafaris(旅行)whereguestscantrytocatchaglimpseofGreenland’snaturalphenomena,aswellasactivitieslikereindeer-sleddingandice-sculptingclasses.1、Whatcanwelearnaboutthethemedhotelfromthefirstparagraph?A.Itis200kilometersfromHelsinki.B.Itis110kilometersfromheArcticCircle.C.ItisintheresortofKittila.D.Itismadeupof34rooms.2、Whatdoestheunderlinedword“commemorate”mean?A.proveB.comfortC.coverD.pay3、WhatistheareaoftheSnowVillage?A.2000squaremeters.B.18,000squaremeters.C.20,000squaremeters.D.22,000squaremeters.4、Inwhichcolumnofawebsitecanwefindthetext?A.Geography.B.Travel.C.Climate.D.Culture.24.(8分)Kettle’sYard,CambridgeThismodern-artgalleryinaVictorianhousewasfoundedinthe1950sbyTateJimandreopenedinFebruaryfollowingatwo-yearredevelopmentbyJamieFobertArchitects,theteambehindthe2017TateStevesextension.Thismeansanewcafe,afour-flooreducationwingandimprovedgalleryspacethatcanaccommodatemorevisitors.Thegallery’spermanentcollectionincludesworksbyJoanMiró,HenryMooreandBarbaraHepworth.BeingBrunel,BristolTocelebratethelifeandworkoffamouscivilengineerIsambardKingdomBrunei,BeingBruneiwillopeninMarchonBristol’sharbourside.Themuseumwillincludearangeofinteractiveandentertainingexhibits,includingtalkingportraitsofhisfriendsandfamilyandpersonalpossessions,includingan1821schoolreport.Itisagoodplaceforfamiliestostrengthenconnections.RoyalAcademyofArts,LondonTheRAreopenson19Mayforits1thanniversary,followinga£50mrenovation(翻新)withagalleryandexpandedexhibitionprogramme.Thesewillincludethreeday-litgalleries,whichwillhostexhibitionswithafocusoncontemporaryartandarchitecture.ThegrandfrontwalloftheBurlingtonGardensbuildinghasalsobeenrestored—possiblythefirsttimeit’shadapropercleaninits150yearhistory.V&A,DundeeOneofthemostsignificantnewopeningsoftheyearwillbeScotland’sfirstdesignmuseumandalsothefirstV&AanywhereoutsideofLondonon15September.ThemuseumbuildingsitsontheriverTay.ItwillcelebrateScottishdesignandobjectsinitscollection.1、WhatdoweknowaboutBeingBrunel?A.Ithasalongschoolreport.B.Itincludesthreeday-litgalleries.C.Itisfamily-friendly.D.Itpossessespermanentcollections.2、ThepurposeoftheRAreopeningis_______.A.toexpandtheexhibitionB.tomarkits1thanniversaryC.todisplaycontemporaryartD.topresentits150-yearhistory3、Whatdoesthewriterintendtotellus?A.Tocomparedifferenttouristattractions.B.ToattractmorevisitorstotheUK.C.Todescribesomefamousmuseumsandartists.D.Tointroduceopeningsofsomefamousartmuseums.25.(10分)Persuasionistoconvincesomeonetoagreewithyou,justlikeartwhichalsocallsforspecialtechniquestoaccomplish.AccordingtotheancientGreeks,therearethreebasictoolsofpersuasion:ethos,pathosandlogos.Ethosisaspeaker’swayofconvincingtheaudiencethatheistrustworthy,honestandreliable.Onecommonwayaspeakercandevelopethosisbyexplaininghowmuchexperienceoreducationshehasinthefield.Afterall,you’remorelikelytolistentoadviceabouthowtotakecareofyourteethfromadentistthanafireman.Pathosisaspeaker’swayofconnectingwithanaudience’semotions.Forexample,apoliticianwhoistryingtoconvinceanaudiencetovoteforhimmightsaythathealonecansavethecountryfromaterriblewar.Thesewordsareintendedtofilltheaudiencewithfear,thusmakingthemwanttovoteforhim.Similarly,ananimalcharitymightshowanaudiencepicturesofinjureddogsandcatstomaketheviewerfeelpity,sotheywillbemorelikelytodonatemoney.Logosistheuseoffacts,statisticsorotherevidencetosupportyourargument.Anaudiencewillbelieveyouifyouhaveconvincingdatatobackupyourclaims.Presentingthisevidenceismuchmorepersuasivethansimplysaying“believeme“.Althoughethos,pathosandlogosallhavetheirstrengths,theyareoftenmosteffectivewhenusedtogether.So,thenexttimeyoulistentoaspeech,watchacommercialorlistentoafriendtrytoconvinceyoutolendhimsomemoney,beonthelookoutfortheseancientGreektoolsofpersuasion.1、Whatdopersuasionandarthaveincommon?A.Theybothentertaintheaudience.B.Theybothrequiregreatskilltoachieve.C.Theybothdemandfullattentionfromtheaudience.D.TheywerebothcommontopicsofancientGreekWriters.2、Howisaspeakerabletoshowhisethostotheaudience?A.Byexpressinghissympathywiththeaudience.B.Bytellingtheaudienceabouthispersonalpreference.C.Byusingbeautifullanguagetomakehisstatementsattractive.D.Byshowinghisknowledgeandexperiencerelatedtothetopic.3、Whatcanwelearnaboutthethreeaspectsofpersuasion?A.Ethosisthemostimportantaspectofpersuasion.B.Eachaspecthasadifferenteffectontheaudience.C.Honestyisthekeytomakingyourargumentsbelievable.D.Politicalleadersmostlyusepathostopersuadetheiraudience.4、Anadvertisementforwashingpowderwhichclaimsthat“scientifictestsshowthatourpowderkills95%ofallbacteria”ismainlyusing.A.ethosB.pathosC.logosD.acombinationofallthree第三部分语言知识运用(共两节)第一节(每小题1.5分,满分30分)阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项.26.(30分)WhenmysonunexpectedlyvolunteeredfortheMarines(美国海军陆战队),Iwasbusywritingmynovelsandgivinglittlethoughttothemenandwomeninthearmy.MysonJohnSchaeffer,recentlycamehome1fromtheMiddleEast.Heslowlyappearedfromabrokencar.John2allnightfromabasenearWashington,3hehadlandedthedaybefore.Hedidnotwantmeto4himthere.“Ineedtimetomyself,”mysonsaid5callingfromKuwaitonthewayhome.Igavemywifeaheadstart.Mother6son.“Iwassoworried,”Geniesaid.Shepulledawaytolookupagainandagainto7hewasreallythere.Mywifegavemeagreatgift:8alonewithmyboy.Johnwastiredandlay9onhisbed.Ilaydownnexttohimandwasgraspinghishandthewholetime.IjustwantedtobecertainthatthenightmaresI’dhadaboutJohnbeingkilledwere10.Ikeptholdingmyson,thewayI11whenhewastwoandcameintoourbedaftera12dream.IaskedJohnifhe’drathersleepthantalk,andhesaidtherewouldbetimefor13later.Withthe14over,underandaroundmecameincredibletiredness.Isleptwithhisvoicedyingaway.Itwasthefirstgood15I’dhadinmonths.IwokeandJohnwasasleepnexttome.Sittingbyhisbedwatchinghimbreathe,Ifoundmyselfprayingand16forallthefathers,mothers,sons,daughters,husbandsandwivesofthosewhowerenotcominghome.Forthefirsttimeinmylife,Iwasweepingfor17.BeforemysonwenttowarIwouldneverhaveshedtearsforthem.Myson18me.Hetaughtmethatourmenandwomeninuniformarenotthe“19”.Theyareoursons,daughters,brothersandsisters.Sometimessheddingtearsforstrangersisaholy20.Sometimesit’sallwecando.1、A.angry B.alive C.frightened D.excited2、A.drove B.wasdriving C.haddriven D.wouldhavedriven3、A.when B.where C.which D.who4、A.meet B.congratulate C.permit D.accept5、A.once B.when C.unless D.since6、A.abandoned B.patted C.concluded D.embraced7、A.makesure B.setdown C.getacross D.makesense8、A.period B.chance C.time D.moment9、A.expanded B.stretched C.extending D.spreading10、A.facts B.truth C.proofs D.lies11、A.usedto B.oughtto C.should D.must12、A.happy B.cheerful C.scary D.dull13、A.advice B.discussion C.talk D.sleep14、A.chat B.worries C.meeting D.curiosity15、A.conversation B.observation C.sleep D.difficulty16、A.crying B.cursing C.screaming D.regretting17、A.friends B.neighbors C.strangers D.soldiers18、A.persuaded B.changed C.frightened D.accused19、A.another B.other C.others D.one20、A.function B.adventure C.duty D.shame第二节(每小题1.5分,满分15分)阅读下面材料,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。27.(15分)DomesticrobotssuchastheRoombahavealreadyestablishedthemselvesinthemarketplace.Commonhouseholdappliancessuchastoastersandmicrowaves1.(fit)withmicroprocessors,effectivelymakingthemrobots,whichareboundtodoasordered.Themilitaryhasbegunautomating(自动化)manyofitsfrontlinesystems.Thefutureiswideopenformoreexplorationofthese2.(device).Automaticfactoriesweresomeofthefirsttoimplement(实施,运用)roboticsontheassemblyline,performingtaskstoodangerousordelicateforhumans3.(accomplish).Thishascontinuedwithwholefactories4.(begin)tobeautomated.IBMhasinstituteda“lightsoff’factoryinTexasthatis5.(complete)automated.RecentlyCaterpillar6.(announce)planstooperateroboticheavymachineryby2021,andhasalreadybeguntransferringmuchoftheircraneoperationstoremote-controlledrobots,7.obeytheordersfromcomputerdirections.Themedicalindustryhastakenadvantage8.roboticsurgeryassistantsforyears,mostnotablytheDaVincisurgical(外科的)helper.Withrisinghealthcarecosts9.theincreasingneedsofanagingpopulation,hospitalsareplanningvastexpansionintheareasof10.(talent)robotics.第四部分写作(共两节)第一节短文改错(满分10分)28.(10分)假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文,请你修改同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误,每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧),并在其下面写出该加的词。删除:把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。修改:在错的词下划一横线,并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意:1、每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;2、只允许修改10处,多者(从第11处起)不计分。Thepersonthatweshouldlearnneedn’tberichorfamous、Itcanbeapersonwelivewith、ForI,it’smyfather、IstillrememberedthedayswhenIwasachild、Althoughhehadplentyofworkstodo,hestillstayedwithmebutplayedgameswithme、Withtimegoneby,I’minSenior3now、ItisIwhohasnotimetostaywithhimnow!However,heisstillbehindmeandtrieshisbesttomakeitabetterlifeforourfamily、Whatselflessheis!Iamverygratefullytohim、Heisnotonlymyfather,butalsoaherolivingwithme!第二节书面表达(满分25分)29.(25分)现在越来越多的女士加入了减肥大军,最近你们班就此事展开了讨论。60%的同学赞成,40%的反对。请你写一篇英语短文,短文应包括下表中的内容:赞成反对1.使人身材苗条、漂亮1.浪费时间、精力和钱1.正确减肥有利于身体健康1.吃减肥药会损坏身体健康3.坚持减肥有助于锻炼人的意志3.过分看重减肥的人往往缺乏自信你对它的看法(内容由考生自己拟定)注意:1.对所给要点,不要简单翻译,要有适当发挥;1.词数100词左右。参考词汇:毅力perseverance;看重takesth.seriously_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

参考答案第一部分(共20小题,每小题1.5分,满分30分)1、C2、A3、C4、B5、D6、D7、C8、A9、D10、regularA.productionB.1anguageC.popularD.minute2.weightA.heightB.ceilingC.foreignD.neighbour3.specialA.musicalB.oceanC.medicineD.biscuit4.perfectA.electB.preventC.effectD.problem11、D12、C13、B14、C15、B16、D17、D18、A19、C20、D第二部分阅读理解(满分40分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。21、1、C2、A3、D4、B22、1、C2、A3、B4、D23、1、C2、A3、C4、B24、1、C2、B3、D25、Aboutthreedecadesago,Chinawasknownasthe“BicycleKingdom”.Butthetwo­wheelwayoftransport'spopularitybegantofade,withmanybikessoonreplacedbytheirfuel­poweredcompetitors.ButrecentmonthshaveseenarevivalofthebikeacrossChina,withanincreasingnumberofpeoplechoosingtocycleinsteadofdrivingtoschools,toworkplacesortodosightseeing.Theintroductionofbike­sharingsystemshasbroughtthetrendtoanewlevel.Peoplecanunlockthesharedbikesbysimplyusingtheirsmartphones.ThebikesareequippedwithGPSandcanbeleftanywhereinpublicforthenextuser.They'repopularamongmanyChinesepeopleastheyprovideaneffectivesolutiontothe“lastmileproblem”,whichreferstothefinallegofaperson'sjourney.However,thesystemshavealsoledtoprobl

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