2025年1月上海市春季高考模拟英语试卷试题（含答案解析）

2025年1月上海市春季高考英语仿真模拟试卷01（笔试部分）I.GrammarandVocabulary（每题1分；共20分）SectionADirections:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagecoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.WhyWeShouldRecordTravelMomentsOnarainysummerday,ItookatraintoSwitzerlandandtrekkedthroughthemudtoamedievalfortresshighatopacliff.Aftertwistingthroughitsdimlylitcorridors,Ifinally1(arrive)atthemainviewpointofCaveoftheFairies:aplunging77mwaterfallthatshootsfromundergroundintoasparklingpool.Asthewaterfallwetmyjacket,Iclosedmyeyesandtookoutmyphone2(record)therushofdreamyrealitybeforeme.Ihadcomeinsearchofasound,notasight.Throughoutmytravels,I’vefoundmyself3(collect)soundrecordingsthewayotherpeoplecollectsouvenirs.Justassometravellerstakephotosoflandscapesortheirfood,Istarteddoingthisasanartisticwaytohelpmeremembersomeofthemostinterestingdetailsofmytrips.EnvironmentalscientistLaurenKuehnesaid,“Ithinkthatonceyoustarttolisten,onceyouactuallystarttolisten,youstarttoappreciatehowmuch4(big)theworldis.”Thisattitude5(echo)bySamaraKester,aretiredemergencymedicinephysicianwhonowservesonQPI’sboard.“Aphotographistwodimensions.6youarelookingatsomethingyou’reseeing,it’smaybe180degrees,maybe270degrees.Soundis360degrees.Youhearitallaroundyou.”Kesterexplained7teachingherselftobeabetterlistenerhasnotonlyexpandedhersenseoftravel,buthelpedherrelivehertravelsonceshe’sbackhome.“Youimmerse8inthatplaceagain.Yourecreatethosememoriesandthereforerecreatethefeelingsyouhad,9areveryhardtoexpressclearly.Youcanre-experiencethatandthatwillsendyoutowhereyouwerebefore.”MonthslaterbackinmyL.A．home,IfindmyselfpoppingonmyheadphonesandlisteningbacktotherushoffallingwaterinsideCaveoftheFairies.WhenIclosemyeyes,I10feelthesprayofwateragainstmyskin,thesenseoflettingmyearsleadmeonafarawayadventure.Mentally,I’mrightbackthere—ifonlyforamoment.SectionBDirections:ineachblankwithathebox.Eachcanbeonlyonce.NotethatisoneyouA．approachB．beneficiariesC．recentlyD．eliminatesE.nutrientsF.practicesG.irreparableH.threatI.undesirableJ.panicK.naturallyTheBeneficialEffectsofForestFiresForestfiresareundoubtedlyathreat.Inthemid-1900s,allforestburnswereconsidered11,andfirefightersrespondedtoallofthesefireswhetherornottheywereburningclosetowherehumanslived.This12toforestfireswasbothexpensiveandrisky.However,more13forestmanagersbegantoseethatforestfiresdidhavebenefits.Foresterssawthatforestfireswerebeneficialfortreesandsoil.Previously,peoplebelievedthatforestfirescaused14damagetotrees,however,nowforestmanagersknowthattreesarethemajor15offires.Many16occurringforestfires,oftencausedbylightningstrikes,aresurfacefiresthatburntheunderstory—theshrubsandherbsfromtheforest—withoutdamagingthetreesintheoverstory.Inthisway,thefire17competitionfromthesmallertrees,allowingthelargertreestoflourish.Oncetheunderstoryhasbeenburnedaway,theforestislesslikelytoburnfromhigh-temperaturefiresthatcandorealdamagetothetalltrees.Inthepast,itwasnotobvioushowforestfiresenrichedthesoil.Today,forestersunderstandthatforestfiresimprovesoilqualitybychangingthe‘litter’—deadleavesandbranchesontheforestfloor—tonutrient-richsoil.Normally,litterdecomposesveryslowly.However,firereleasesthe18inthelitterimmediately.Thiscreatesanincreaseintheamountofphosphorusandpotassiumwhicharekeyelementsthatpromotetreegrowth.Asforestmanagershavelearedmoreaboutthelong-termeffectsofforestfires,theyhaverealizedthatforestfirescanhavebeneficialeffectsandhavechangedtheirforestmanagement19toreflectthisnewopinion.Itisnowrecognizedthatforestfires,areanaturalpartofforestecosystemsandarebeneficialtothetreesandsoil.Aslongasfiresareno20tohomesandcommunities,forestersnowoftenchoosetodonothingtostopthefires.II.ReadingComprehension(共45分。41-45每题1分；56-70每题2分)SectionADirections:ForeachblankinthefollowingpassagetherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA.B.CandD.FillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontextANeurologist’sTipstoProtectYourMemoryAsweage,ourmemorydeclines.Thisisafixed21formanyofus;however,accordingtoneuroscientistDr.RichardRestak,aneurologistandclinicalprofessor,declineisnot22.Ultimately,“wearewhatwecanremember,”hesaid.HerearesomeofDr.Restak’stipsfordevelopingand23ahealthymemory.Paymoreattention.Somememorylapsesareactuallyattentionproblems,notmemoryproblems.24,ifyou’veforgottenthenameofsomeoneyoumetatacocktailparty,itcouldbebecauseyouweretalkingwithseveralpeopleatthetime.Onewaytopayattentionwhenyoulearnnewinformationisto25theword.Havingapictureassociatedwiththeword,Restaksaid,canimprove26.Findregulareverydaymemorychallenges.Therearemanymemoryexercisesthatyoucan27intoeverydaylife.Dr.Restaksuggestedcomposingagrocerylistandmemorizingit.Whenyougettothestore,don’t28pulloutyourlist(oryourphone)—instead,pickupeverythingaccordingtoyourmemory.Onceinawhile,getinthecarwithoutturningonyourGPS,andtryto29throughthestreetsfrommemory.Asmall2020studysuggestedthatpeoplewhousedGPSmorefrequentlyovertimeshowedasteepercognitive30inspatialmemorythreeyearslater.Playgames.Dr.Restak’s“favoriteworkingmemorygame”is20Questions—inwhichagroupthinksofaperson,placeorobject,andtheotherperson,thequestioner,asks20questionswithayes-or-noanswer.Becausetosucceed,hesaid,thequestionermustholdallofthe31answersinmemoryinordertoguessthecorrectanswer.Thepointisto32yourworkingmemory,“maintaininginformationandmovingitaroundinyourmind,”Restakwrote.Readmorenovels.Oneearlyindicatorofmemoryissues,accordingtoDr.Restak,is33fiction.“People,whentheybegintohavememorydifficulties,tendtoswitchtoreadingnonfiction,”hesaid.Fictionrequiresactiveengagementwiththetext,startingatthebeginningandworkingthroughtotheend.34technology.Storingeverythingonyourphonemeansthat“youdon’tknowit,”Dr.Restaksaid,whichcan35ourownmentalabilities.Thesecondwayourrelationshipwithtechnologyisharmfultomemoryisbecauseitoftentakesourfocusawayfromthetaskathand.21．A．accomplishment B．assumption C．regulation D．observation22．A．inevitable B．dispensable C．reverse D．doubtful23．A．striking B．enduring C．arousing D．maintaining24．A．Nevertheless B．Moreover C．Forinstance D．Instead25．A．demonstrate B．trace C．discover D．visualize26．A．recall B．sight C．target D．instinct27．A．enclose B．integrate C．evolve D．impose28．A．steadily B．actively C．gradually D．automatically29．A．adjust B．rush C．gesture D．navigate30．A．performance B．decline C．awareness D．increase31．A．modest B．original C．previous D．personal32．A．engage B．drain C．insert D．fulfill33．A．devotingto B．concentratingon C．givinginto D．givingupon34．A．Bewareof B．Stickto C．Longfor D．Differfrom35．A．counter B．stock C．erode D．strengthenSectionB Directions:Readthefollowingthreepassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosetheonethatfitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassageyouhavejustread. (A)Whendoesspringbegin?Forsome,it’sthesecondSundayinMarch,whenweturnourclocksforwardbyanhourintheUnitedStates.Forothers,it’swhentheyfirstrealizethey’vefinisheddinnerandit’sstilllightout.Thisyear,impatientaseverforwintertoend,IdecidedtoskipmyusualroutineofcalendarwatchingandseeifIcouldn’tdosomethingtospeedupspring’sarrival.It’sonlyathree-hourflightfromLaGuardia(rainy,cold),NewYorktoWestPalmBeach(sunny,81degrees,slightbreeze),Floridaandfromthereanhour’sdrivetoCloverParkinPortSt.Lucie,thespringtraininghomeoftheNewYorkMets,wherethetrafficofmorethan7,000fansdescended.HereinPortSt.LucieonaTuesdayafternoon,weeksbeforetheseason’sofficialstart,cheeryfansweredressedinlightweightclothing,drinkingModeloEspecialandsnackingonpeanuts,heckling(起哄)theplayers.Here,springwasalreadyhappening.Beingoutdoorsinthesunshineandfreshair,thingsdofeelslowerandeasier.IlovethatbaseballhaslongbeenconsideredAmerica’snationalpastime.Apastimeissomethingthatmakesthepassingoftimepleasant.Isn’tthatwhatwe’redyingforinthewintermonths?Somethingthatmakestimenotjusttolerablebutenjoyable?BythetimeIleftFlorida,itwaspouringrainandevenalittlechilly.HowwasIsupposedtotakespringtimehomewithme,Iwonderedfiercely.ItwasstillraininginNewYorkwhenIlanded.Springisn’tjustweather,ofcourse,anditcertainlymakesnopromisesaboutrain.I'mtryingtoresistcliché(陈词滥调),tokeepfromsayingsomethingsimilarto“springisastateofmind,”eventhoughIwishitwere.IwentlookingforspringandIfounditwherespringbreakersfinditeveryyear,alreadyinfullswingintheSunshineState.MyownofficialremovalofwoolencoatswilloccuronTuesday,whenspringfinallyarrives.Buthavingexperienced24hoursofspring’sfullpageant(盛会),myownlittlepreseason,Ifeelslightlypacified.PerhapsIcanbepatientasspringestablishesitself,andoffertheseasonalittlegraceasitclicksintoplace.36．WhatispresentedinParagraph1?A．Springfallsonafixeddate.B．Springcamelatethisyear.C．Theauthorwaslongingforspringrestlessly.D．Theauthorwascelebratingtheendofwinter.37．HowdidtheauthorfindPortSt.Lucie?A．Afast-pacedworld. B．Fullofajoyfulatmosphere.C．Thebirthplaceofbaseball. D．Hometodeliciousfood.38．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“pacified”inthelastparagraphmean?A．Puzzled. B．Disappointed. C．Curious. D．Calm.39．Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A．InSearchofSpring B．InPraiseofSpringC．ATriptoFlorida D．AFarewelltoNewYork (B)OutdoorRecreationGetoutdoorswithusthissummerandexperiencetheexcitementandpeacewithinouruniqueprograms.Researchsuggeststhatbeingphysicallyactivewithingreenspaceshelpsreducestress,anxietyandanger,andimprovesmoodsandoverallhealthandwellbeing.OurDepartmentcombinesexperientialactivitiesforyourenjoyment.Allfitnesslevelsarewelcome;wecanaccommodatemostaccessibleneeds.PleasecontactLaurieWrightatwright@utsc.utoronto.cawithanyquestions.TripsareofferedtoregisteredUofTstudentsfirstandthenifthereisspacetostaff,non-registeredstudentsandguestsoftheparticipants.Registeratrecreg.utoronto.caorinpersonattheTPASCRegistrationDesk.Pleasecheckourwebsiteforallupdatedtripdates,prices,registrationdetailsandmore!Refundsareonlyavailableupto5businessdayspriortothetrip.UpcomingAdventuresTBD:TreetopTrekkingandMountainBikingParticipantswilltravelbybusuptotheHorseshoeValleyResort.Youmaychoosebetweena3-hourTreetopTrekkingadventureor2hoursofx-countrymountainbikingthroughtheregion’sforesttrails.TreetopTrekkinginvolveszip-lining(movingquicklywiththeridersuspendedfromacable)andclimbingthroughobstaclecoursesinapeacefulforestsetting.Bothadventureswillbeinstructor-ledandallequipmentwillbeprovided.Noexperiencenecessary.Beginnertoadvancedcourseswillbeavailable.Tuesday,June13th:OutdoorRockClimbingorHikingTrailsAbuswilltransportstudentstoMiltontoeitherhiketheareaorrockclimb.TherockclimbingwilltakeplaceatRattlesnakePointandthereisanopportunityforstudentstochallengethemselvesbyclimbingupto80ftonsomeofthebestrocksinSouthernOntario.Allinstructorsarefullycertifiedandallequipmentwillbeprovided.Acustomcoursewillbesetuptomeettheneedsofclimbers.ThehikewilltakeplacethroughsomeoftheBrucePeninsulatrailsandHaltonParks.Participantswillhaveover20kmsoftrailstochoosefrom.Youmayhikewithagrouporfollowthemaptrailswithsomefriends.Friday,June30th(indefinitedate):WarsawCavesTheWarsawCavesConservationAreaandCampgroundtakesitsnamefromaseriesofsevencavesfoundinthepark.Joinusasweexplorethemultiplecoursesthroughthecaveshaveapicniclunch.Comeenjoythisnaturalundergroundjunglegym.40．John,aUofTteachingstaffmember,wouldliketotakepartinsomeoftheseprograms,whatproblemmayheencounter?A．Hecan’tgethisfeesforaTuesdaytripbackifhecancelsitthepreviousMonday.B．Theseoutdooradventureswillexhausthimandleavehiminlowspirits.C．Theremaybenospaceforhimbecauseregisteredstudentsenjoypriority.D．TheprogramthatexplorestheWarsawCavesundergroundissuretochangeitsdate.41．AllofthefollowingareactivitiesmentionedinthepassageЕХСЕРТ___________.A．birdwatching B．zip-lining C．hiking D．caveexploring42．Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrueaccordingtothispassage?A．Moneycanberefundedwithinfivebusinessdaysafterthetripstarts.B．Adventurersshouldhavesomebasictrekkingandbikingskills.C．Studentsmustbringsomeclimbingequipmentrequiredbytheprograms.D．ThenameWarsawCavesoriginatedfromthesevencavesfoundinthepark. (C)Manyactorshavefamouslyremarkedthattheyhave,timeandagain,lostthemselvesintheirperformances.Now,researchersatUniversityCollegeLondon(UCL)havefoundsometruthtothisstatement.Anewstudysuggestsactorsmaysuppresstheirsenseofselfwhentheytakeonanewcharacter,hintingatthemassiveimpacttheatertrainingmayhaveonfundamentalmechanismsofthehumanbrain.“Ourfindingsindicatethatcooperatingwiththetheaterindustrycouldbehelpfulinproducingtheoriesaboutsocialinteractionthatcouldalsobeinvestigatedintherealworld,”saidDwaynicaGteaves,leadauthorofthestudy.Inparticular,theresearchersarehopingthatfutureworkinthisspacecanfocusonhowparticipationintheatricalactivitiesmighthelppeoplewithautism(自闭症).TheactorsinthestudywerefittedwithbrainimagingtechnologywhiletheyrehearsedscenesfromShakespeare’sAMidsummerNightsDream.Whentheyheardtheirnameswhileperforming,theirresponsewassuppressedinthebrainregionassociatedwithself-awareness.Whiletheywerenotperforming,theactorsrespondednormallywhencalledbyname.Thestudyalsolookedatinterpersonalcoordinationbetweenpairsofactors.Theresearchersnoticedthattwoactorsrehearsingtogetherhadsimilarbrainactivityintheregionsofthebrainassociatedwithsocialinteractionandactionplanning,revealing“specificbrainsystemsthatarecoordinatedduringcomplexsocialinteractions”.Infact,dramatherapyhasbeenconsideredabeneficialpracticalstrategyforimprovingsocialcommunicationinchildrenwithdevelopmentalorlearningdisabilities.Apreliminarystudyfoundstudentswithautismwhounderwenttheaterexperiencesshowedsignificantpositivechangesinthedevelopmentofsocialandlanguageskills.Inthefuture,researchersatUCLaimtoincludebothtrainedanduntrainedactorsassubjects.Therecentstudy,admittedly,lackedacontrolgroupofpeoplewithouttheatertrainingandhadasmallsamplesizeofonly6actors.Buttheresearchersremainhopefulofthepossiblefutureapplicationsoftheirfindingsinaidingsocialcommunication,includinginindividualswithautism.43．Whateffectmaytakingonanewcharacterhaveonactors,assuggestedbythestudy?A．Theymayforgettheiridentities. B．Theirself-awarenessmayweaken.C．Theymaylosethemselvescompletely. D．Theirbrainmechanismsmaybedamaged.44．Howdidtheresearchersconductthestudy?A．Byinteractingwiththeactors. B．Byobservingtheactors’behavior.C．Bysurveyingtheactors’responses. D．Bymonitoringtheactors’brainactivity.45．Whatpositivechangeswereseeninstudentswithautismwhoengagedintheaterexperiences?A．Improvedphysicalhealth. B．Enhancedcognitiveabilities.C．Strengthenedinterpersonalskills. D．Increasedacademicperformance.46．Whatcanbeinferredaboutthestudy?A．Theresearcherslackedexpertise. B．Itcanbeusedtotrainchildactors.C．Itisamajorbreakthroughinmedicine. D．Itispromisingdespiteitslimitations.SectionCDirections:CompletethefollowingpassagebyusingthesentencesintheboxEachsentencecanonlybeusedonce.Notethattherearetwosentencesmorethanyouneed.A．Theyhavetopointoutsomeonetomonitorthemandensuretheyreachthegoalordonatethemoney.B．Despiteourbestintentions,weoftenfailtomeetourgoals.C．Ritualsareseriesofstepswetakewhileattachingsomekindofsymbolicmeaning.D．Inthepast,mycolleaguesandIhavefoundthatritualsreduceanxietybeforestressfultasks,andimproveperformance.E．Theyalsoneedtostatewhatwillhappentothemoneyiftheydon’tsticktotheircommitments(e.g.,it’llgotoafriendortoacharitytheydonotlike).F．Forinstance,researchhasfoundthatpeoplepersistforlongerontasksthatrequireself-controlwhentheyknowthey’llbepaidfortheirefforts,orwhentheyaretoldthattheirworkwillbenefitothers.Manyofourmostworryingproblems,fromovereatingtonotsavingenoughforretirementtonotworkingoutenoughhavesomethingincommon:lackofself-control.Self-controliswhatgivesusthecapacitytosaynotochoicesthatareimmediatelysatisfyingbutcostlyinthelongterm—thatapieceofchocolatecake(insteadofanapple),thatafternooninfrontofthecouch(insteadofavisittothegym).47Theproblemofself-controlhaspuzzledpsychologistsandbehavioralscientistsfordecades.Agreatdealofresearchhasidentifiedsituationsinwhichself-controlfailuresarelikelytohappenandtoolstohelppeopleexercisebettercontrol.48Thesemotivatingincentivescanincreaseourself-control,atleastuptoapoint.Entrepreneurshavealsobecomeinterestedinself-control,asisevidentfromthemanydietandexerciseappsandgadgetsonthemarket.Totakeonenotableexample,onthecommitmentcontractwebsitestickK.com,usersputdownsomemoney(say,$200)andstateagoaltheywanttoachieve(suchastolosetenpoundsinamonth).49Iftheymeettheirgoal,theyearntheirmoneyback.Iftheydon’t,theylosethemoney.ToolslikestickK.comcanbeeffective,buttheyareoftendifficulttoimplement.MycolleaguesandIconductedanewresearchtopointtoadifferentsolutionthatmaybeeasiertocarryout:usingrituals.50Playersinallsortsofsportshaveritualsthatinvolveactionssuchaseatingthesamefoodsinexactlythesameorderbeforeagame.Fromthewaysomepreparetheircoffeetothewaypeoplecelebrateimportantlifeevents,likeweddingsorgraduations,ritualsareapartofourdailylife.Andthoughtheymayseemuseless,orevensilly,researchhasfoundthatritualsarepowerful.III.SummaryWritingDirections:Readthefollowingpassage.Summarizethemainideaandthemainpoint(s)ofthepassageinnomorethan60words.Useyourownwordsasfaraspossible.Haveyoueverfoundyourselfwaitingthestopofyourbustoarriveandhaveastrangeraskacommonplacequestion?Perhapsyou’vestoodinlinewaitingforacoffeeandfeeltheneedtojustlookovertothepersonnexttoyouandaskabouttheweather.Thisissmalltalk,anddespitethename,it’sactuallyabigpartofdailylife.“Smalltalkmayseemtrivial(微不足道的),butit’sanaturalwayforpeopletoconnect.Itmayseemlikeawasteoftime.Butitservesavitalroleinoursocialinteractions.Bigrelationshipsarebuiltonsmalltalk.”LindyPegler,whohasamaster’sdegreeinpsychology,wroteonMedium.Infact,wespendalotofourtimemakingsmalltalk.Often,wefindourselvesmakingsmalltalkwiththesamepeopleonaregularbasis.Comingupwithsmallconversationsisthefoundationoftheserelationships.Thebenefitsofsuchconversationscanactuallycontributetoourhappinessandbenefitourlivesasawhole.InastudycitedbyTheNewYorkTimes,researchersfoundthathavingahealthyamountofacquaintances(相识的人)andmaintainingtheserelationshipscontributetoone’ssenseofbelongingtoacommunity.Sohowdoesonestartmakingsmalltalk?Itcanbeassimpleascomplimentingone’sshirt,askingabouttheirdayorcommentingonthetraffic.“Firstandforemost,smalltalkisanactofpoliteness,”Peglernoted.“Oursmalltalkatourfirstmeetingisourchancetoshowwhoweare,”sheadded.Whoknowswherethiscanlead?Nowadays,thesmallconnectionswemakecanleadtobigresults.Youmightfindsomeonewhohasacommoninterest,ormaybeevensomeonewhoturnsouttobeaclosefriend.Thereisonethingforsure:Makingsmalltalkcanbrightenourday—evenifit’sjustanicecommentorthoughtfulquestion.Sothenexttimeyoufindyourselfwaitingforthebusorcheckingyourwatchwhileyouwaitinaline,taketheopportunitytolookupandtalktosomeonearoundyou.Afterall,ittakesasmallconnectiontoleadtoalargerone.51.______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________IV.Translation(共15分。第1小题和第2小题,每题3分;第3题4分;第4题5分。)Directions:TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish,usingthewordsgiveninthebrackets52．仔细检查包裹后，他撕下包装纸。(tearoff)53．我们历时三年时间，开发了一款体育器材，既强身健体，又促进心理健康。(commit)54．这所百年老校近年来开展了一系列“古典乐进课堂”活动，让更多学生感受到经典的独特魅力。(launch)55．汪小姐踌躇满志、废寝忘食，想找到一家愿意与她合作的牛仔裤加工厂为其生意注入新鲜活力，不料四处碰壁。(only)(汉译英)V.GuidedWriting(共25分)56．Directions:

WriteanEnglishcompositionin120-150wordsaccordingtotheinstructionsgivenbelowinChinese.假设你是浦润中学高三学生李青。学校将举办“中国工坊”（ChineseWorkshop）活动，主题涉及本地美食（cuisine）、中国传统手工艺（handicraft）、中国书法（calligraphy）和中国绘画。届时，英国姐妹学校的师生代表将到校访问。学校拟招募学生现场教授相关技能。请写一封自荐信，内容必须包括：申请参加本次活动；阐述你对本次文化交流活动意义的理解；结合个人兴趣和特长，说明一项你想要教授的技能，并陈述理由。（注：文中不得出现真实的姓名及学校名称。）________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】1．arrived2．torecord3．collecting4．bigger5．wasechoed6．When/While7．how8．yourself9．which10．can【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了作者喜欢在旅行中记录声音的原因。1．考查时态。句意：在穿过昏暗的走廊后，我终于到达了仙女洞的主要景点：一个77米高的瀑布从地下射入波光粼粼的池塘。根据上下文时态可知，这里陈述的是过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时。故填arrived。2．考查非谓语动词。句意：瀑布淋湿了我的夹克，我闭上眼睛，拿出手机记录下眼前的梦幻现实。分析句子结构并结合句意，这里应用不定式，作目的状语。故填torecord。3．考查非谓语动词。句意：在我的旅行中，我发现自己像其他人收集纪念品一样收集录音。findsb.doingsth.意为“发现某人在做某事”，现在分词作宾补。故填collecting。4．考查形容词比较级。句意：我认为，一旦你开始倾听，你就会开始意识到世界大得多。根据空前的much可知，这里表示世界大得多，应用big的比较级bigger。故填bigger。5．考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：这种态度得到了SamaraKester的回应，她是一名退休的急诊医生，现在在QPI董事会任职。根据句意可知，这里陈述的是过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时。主语Thisattitude和echo(附和)之间是动宾关系，所以应用被动语态，且主语为单数，谓语be动词应用was。故填wasechoed。6．考查状语从句。句意：当你看着你看到的东西时，它可能是180度，可能是270度。分析句子结构，空处引导的是时间状语从句。根据从句中的lookingat可知，这里表示延续性的动作，应用when或while引导。置于句首，首字母大写。故填When/While。7．考查宾语从句。句意：Kester解释说，教会自己成为一个更好的倾听者不仅扩大了她的旅行感，而且帮助她在回家后重新体验旅行。分析句子结构，空处引导一个表语从句，且从句中主谓宾结构完整，这里表示方式，应用how。故填how。8．考查代词。句意：你再次沉浸在那个地方。根据句意，主语You和宾语指代的事同一人，所以宾语应用反身代词yourself。immerseoneselfin意为“使某人自己沉浸在……中”。故填yourself。9．考查定语从句。句意：你重新创造了那些记忆，因此也重新创造了你的感觉，这些感觉很难清楚地表达出来。分析句子结构，空处引导一个非限制性定语从句，先行词为thefeelings，指物，且空处在从句中作主语，所以应用which引导。故填which。10．考查情态动词。句意：当我闭上眼睛时，我能感觉到水喷在我的皮肤上，那种让耳朵带我去遥远冒险的感觉。空处应填情态动词。根据句意，这里表示能感觉到，再根据从句中的close可知，这里表示现在的状态，应用can。故填can。【答案】11．I12．A13．C14．G15．B16．K17．D18．E19．F20．H【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了森林火灾的有益影响。11．考查形容词。句意：在20世纪中期，所有的森林火灾都被认为是不受欢迎的，消防队员对所有这些火灾都做出了反应，不管它们是否在人类居住的地方附近燃烧。分析句式结构可知，此处用形容词作表语，再根据主语allforestburns可知，空格处用形容词undesirable表示森林火灾是“不受欢迎的”故选I项。12．考查名词。句意：这种处理森林火灾的方法既昂贵又有风险。根据空格后的to可知，此处用名词approach与to搭配，表示“……的方法”故选A项。13．考查副词。句意：然而，最近森林管理者开始看到森林火灾确实有好处。分析句式结构可知，此处用副词作状语，再分析句意，用副词recently表示“最近”符合语境。故选C项。14．考查形容词。句意：以前，人们认为森林火灾会对树木造成无法弥补的损害，然而，现在森林管理者知道树木是火灾的主要受益者。根据下文的名词damage可知，此处用形容词irreparable表示“无法弥补”的损害。故选G项。15．考查名词。句意：同上。根据上文的however可知，此处与上文是转折关系，再根据be动词are可知，此处用复数名词beneficiaries表示“受益者”。故选B项。16．考查副词。句意：许多自然发生的森林火灾，通常是由雷击引起的，是地面火灾，烧毁了林下植被——森林中的灌木和草本植物——而不损害林下植被中的树木。分析句式结构可知，此处应该用副词作状语修饰occurring，再分析句意，用副词naturally表示“自然地”发生。故选K项。17．考查动词。句意：通过这种方式，大火消除了来自较小树木的竞争，使较大的树木得以茁壮成长。分析句式结构可知，此处用动词作谓语，再根据空格后的competition可知，此处用动词eliminate表示“消除”竞争，因为主语thefire是单数，且时态为一般现在时，所以用动词的第三人称单数形式。故选D项。18．考查名词。句意：然而，火会立即释放凋落物中的营养物质。分析句式结构可知，空格处是宾语的位置，再根据上文的nutrient-richsoil可知，此处用名词nutrients作宾语表示释放“营养物质”。故选E项。19．考查名词。句意：随着森林管理者更多地了解森林火灾的长期影响，他们意识到森林火灾可以带来有益的影响，并改变了他们的森林管理实践，以反映这一新的观点。分析句意再根据空格前的management可知，此处是指改变森林管理“实践”符合语境。故选F项。20．考查名词。句意：只要火灾对家庭和社区没有威胁，护林员现在往往选择不采取任何措施来阻止火灾。根据下文的tohomesandcommunities可知，此处是指对家庭和社区没有“威胁”。故选H项。【答案】21．B22．A23．D24．C25．D26．A27．B28．D29．D30．B31．C32．A33．D34．A35．C【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一位神经学家提出的保护记忆力的建议。21．考