小学毕业英语总复习词类梳理第五节形容词和副词课件

专项提升词类梳理第五节形容词和副词知识梳理一、形容词 1.形容词的概念 形容词主要用来修饰名词或代词，表示人或事物的性质、状态、特征或程度好坏等。 2.形容词的用法 （1）形容词+名词，形容词作定语。如： agoodstudent一位好学生abusybee一只忙碌的蜜蜂（2）不定代词+形容词，形容词作定语。如：Shetoldmesomethinginterestinglastnight.她昨晚跟我讲了一些有趣的事情。Isthereanythingnewtoday?今天有什么新鲜事吗？（3）系动词+形容词，形容词作表语。如：Thatgirlissmart.那个女孩很聪明。Thedishtastesdelicious.这道菜尝起来很美味。二、副词

1.副词的概念

副词是指在句子中表示行为或状态特征的词，用来修饰动词、形容词、其他副词或整个句子，表示时间、地点、程度、方式等概念。

2.副词的用法

（1）副词修饰动词，一般位于动词之后。如：Thegirlssinghappily.女孩子们唱得很开心。Joedrawsverywell.乔画画很好。

（2）频率副词常位于助动词、情态动词和系动词之后或实义动词之前。如：Itisusuallyhotinsummer.夏天通常很热。Myfatheroftenwalkshome.我爸爸经常步行回家。三、形容词和副词的比较级和最高级 大多数形容词和副词有三个等级：1.原级（即原形）；2.比较级，意为“更……”；3.最高级，意为“最……”。

1.形容词和副词的比较级和最高级的变化规则

(1)规则变化规则原级比较级最高级一般情况下，比较级在词尾加-er，最高级在词尾加-estgreattallclevergreatertallercleverergreatesttallestcleverest续表规则原级比较级最高级以不发音的字母e结尾的单音节词，比较级在词尾加-r,最高级在词尾加-stlargenicewidelargernicerwiderlargestnicestwidest续表规则原级比较级最高级以辅音字母加y结尾的双音节词，比较级改y为i，再加-er；最高级改y为i,再加-estheavyeasyhappyearlyheaviereasierhappierearlierheaviesteasiesthappiestearliest续表规则原级比较级最高级以重读闭音节结尾且词尾只有一个辅音字母的词，比较级先双写最后一个辅音字母，再加-er；最高级先双写最后一个辅音字母，再加-estfatthinbigwetfatterthinnerbiggerwetterfattestthinnestbiggestwettest续表规则原级比较级最高级部分双音节词和多音节词，比较级在词前加more,最高级在词前加mostbeautifulexcitinginterestingmorebeautifulmoreexcitingmoreinterestingmostbeautifulmostexcitingmostinteresting(2)不规则变化原级比较级最高级good/wellbetterbestbad/badlyworseworstmany/muchmoremostlittlelessleastfarfarther/furtherfarthest/furthest2.形容词和副词的比较级和最高级的用法用法举例比较级表示两者之间的比较，结构为：比较级+thanHisrulerislongerthanmine.他的尺子比我的长。比较级前可用much,alot,alittle,even等词修饰Thisboxismuchheavierthanthatone.这个箱子比那个重得多。续表用法举例比较级“the+比较级，the+比较级”意为“越……，越……”Themoreyoustudy,themoreyouknow.你学得越多，就知道得越多。“比较级+and+比较级”意为“越来越……”It'sgettingcoolerandcooler.天气越来越凉爽了。续表用法举例最高级表示三者或三者以上的比较，最高级前通常加theJackistheclevereststudentintheclass.杰克是班上最聪明的学生。“oneof+the+最高级+可数名词复数”意为“最……之一”Tomisoneofthebusiestteachersinourschool.汤姆是我们学校最忙碌的老师之一。【注】形容词和副词的原级可以用“as+原级+as”结构对两者进行比较，意为“……和……一样……”。其否定形式为“notas/so+原级+as”，意为“……不如/没有……”。如：Lilyisastallashersister.莉莉和她的姐姐一样高。LeoisnotasstrongasThomas.利奥不像托马斯那么强壮。考点精析【例1】Readandwrite.请仔细观察下面左排的单词，根据其变化规则写出右排所缺的单词。1.big→bigger

hot→__________2.exciting→excited boring→__________3.good→best

much→__________4.happy→happily easy→__________考查形容词、副词的词形变换考点1解析:此类题考查形容词和副词的变换形式，涉及形容词之间的转换、形容词与副词间的转换以及形容词或副词的比较级、最高级等。答案：1.hotter2.bored3.most4.easily一、Readandwrite.写出下列单词的比较级和最高级。1.late→________→________2.thin→________→________3.easy→________→________4.useful→________________→________________laterlatestthinnerthinnesteasiereasiestmoreusefulmostuseful二、Read,circleandcorrect.读句子，圈出其中的错误，并把正确答案写在横线上。1.Thedaysarelonginsummerthanthatinwinter.________2.Sheisthegoodsinginourschool.________longerbest3.Thisfilmisreallyinterested.Weallloveit.________________4.Marysattherequiet,enjoyingthemusicmadebythebirds.____________________interestingquietly【例2】Read,chooseandfill.选词填空。YaoMingisa____basketballplayer.Heplaysbasketball____.考查形容词、副词的用法考点2good,well解析:good作形容词，意为“出色的”。well作副词，意为“好地；出色地”。形容词修饰名词，放在名词之前；副词修饰动词，放在动词之后。答案：good；well【例3】Readandfill.在横线上写出画线单词的反义词。Istheboxlightor____？解析:选择疑问句的选项是一组反义词，light在此意为“轻的”，故其反义词为heavy。答案：heavy三、Readandfill.在横线上写出画线单词的反义词。1.Thedaysarelonginsummerandthenightsare________.2.Thedictionaryisthick，buttheexercisebookis________.3.Itiscoldinwinter,butit'svery________insummer.shortthinhot四、Read,chooseandfill.选词填空。1.Sheisa________girl.2.Thatmathsquestionisnotas________asthisone.3.How________therainis！heavy,easy,lovelylovelyeasyheavy【例4】Readandfill.用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。Amysings________.Sarahsings________thanAmy.ChenJiesings________inourschool.(well)考查形容词、副词的比较级和最高级的用法考点3解析:此题考查副词比较级及最高级的用法。第一句话陈述一般性事实，没有相互之间的比较，因而用副词原级well修饰动词sing。第二句话有than这个比较级标志，此句空格上应填well的比较级better来修饰动词sing。第三句话中有表范围的介词短语inourschool，此句修饰sing的副词应是well的最高级best。答案：well；better；best【例5】Readandwrite.请用比较级将下面两句话合并成一句。I'm11yearsold.Mysisteris8yearsold._____________________________________________解析:此题中的两个句子给出的是一组对比关系，所以，可以用比较级句式将其组合成一句话。答案：I'm3yearsolderthanmysister./Mysisteris3yearsyoungerthanme.五、Readandchoose.读句子，选择正确的答案，并将其字母编号填在括号内。()1.Ofallmyfamilymembers，mybrotheris____.A.tall

B.taller

C.thetallestC()2.NowBobis____thanhewas.A.morecareful

B.muchcareful C.morecarefully()3.Mybookis____thanyours.A.new B.newer C.morenewerAB六、Readandwrite.按要求完成下列句子。1.I'm135cmtall.Mysisteris135cmtall，too.(用同级表达)_____________________________________________2.Tomis13yearsold.Jimis14yearsold.(用比较级表达)__________________________________________________________________________________________I'mastallasmysister./Mysisterisastallasme.Tomis1yearyoungerthanJim./Jimis1yearolderthanTom.3.Jamesrunsfast.（用最高级表达）_____________________________________________Jamesrunsthefastestinhisclass.过关检测一、Readandwrite.写出下列形容词或副词的比较级和最高级(省略the)。1.long→____________→____________2.heavy→____________→____________3.wide→____________→____________4.fat→____________→____________longerlongestheavierheaviestwiderwidestfatterfattest5.thin→____________→____________6.early→____________→____________7.slow→____________→____________8.fast→____________→____________9.much→____________→____________10.hot→____________→____________11.many→____________→____________thinnerthinnestearlierearliestslowerslowestfasterfastestmoremosthotterhottestmoremost12.bad→____________→____________13.strong→____________→____________14.short→____________→____________15.well→____________→____________16.good→____________→____________17.lovely→____________→____________18.young→____________→____________worseworststrongerstrongestshortershortestbetterbestbetterbestmorelovelymostlovelyyoungeryoungest19.brightly→________________→_______________20.interesting→________________→________________morebrightlymostbrightlymoreinterestingmostinteresting二、Readandfill.用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。1.Lucyis____________(thin)thanherfriend.2.Winteristhe____________(cold)seasonoftheyear.3.The____________(cheap)bagsareusuallynotthebestones.4.Itsmells____________(terrible).thinnercoldestcheapestterrible5.Dickis____________atmusic,andhealsodoes____________insports.(well)6.Thingsaregetting____________and____________.(bad)7.Whichis____________(heavy)，theelephantorthetiger？goodwellworseworseheavier8.Ieat____________(much)foodthanyou.9.Tomruns____________.ButJohnruns____________intheirclass.(fast)10.Thisrulerisnotas____________(long)asthatone.morefastfastestlong三、Readandfill.在横线上写出画线单词的反义词。1.Thereisn'tlittlecleanwrongexpensiveold四、Readandchoose.读句子，选择正确的答案，并将其字母编号填在括号内。()1.Thisparkis______thanthatone.A.large

B.larger

C.largest()2.Mikejumps______thanMary.A.morehigh B.morehigher C.muchhigherBC()3.The______thegroundis,thethinnertheairbecomes.A.high B.higher

C.highest()4.Thedeskis______，andthetableis______,too.A.big；big B.bigger；bigger C.big；biggestBA()5.Jennysingsthesong______.A.happy B.happier C.happily()6.Theschoolis______newerthanthatone.A.much B.many C.more()7.Youcanseethehospital______.A.easily B.easy

C.moreeasyCAA()8.Ofallmyfriends，Kateis______one.A.tall B.taller C.thetallest()9.Shecandoitas______asme.A.good B.well C.better()10.Shefeels______becauseherfavouritetoywaslost.A.sadly B.sad C.sadnessCBB五、Readandwrite.按要求完成下列句子。1.艾米是最早到达教室的。（汉译英）_____________________________________________2.Sarah'sschoolbagisbiggerthanmine.（改为同义句）_____________________________________________Amyistheearliesttogettoschool.MyschoolbagissmallerthanSarah's.3.Heis140cmtall.Hissisteris140cmtall，too.（用同级表达）_____________________________________________4.Herdressismuchcheaperthanmine.（改为同义句）_____________________________________________5.他是中国最伟大的飞行员之一。（汉译英）_____________________________________________Hissisterisastallashim./Heisastallashissister.Mydressismuchmoreexpensivethanhers.HeisoneofthegreatestpilotsinChina.六、Readandfill.根据图表提示，填写单词，补全句子。ZoeAge（年龄）:13Height（身高）:150cmWeight（体重）:43kgBenAge:11Height:158cmWeight:52kgLilyAge:16Height:159cmWeight:48kg1.Benis158cm.Heis____________thanZoe.Butheis____________thanLily.2.A:________________________isLily？B:Sheis159cm.3.A:Whoisthe____________,Zoe,LilyorBen?B:Ben.Heis9kg____________thanZoe.tallershorterHowtallheaviestheavier4.Zoeis____________thanBen，butsheis____________thanLily.Lilyisthe____________ofthethree.5.Zoeis43kg.Sheisthe_______________________oneofthethree.olderyoungeroldestlightest