03-【赢在高考·黄金8卷】备战2024年高考英语模拟卷（上海专用）（原卷版）

试卷第=page22页，共=sectionpages2222页【赢在高考·黄金8卷】备战2024年高考英语模拟卷（上海专用）黄金卷03（考试时间：120分钟试卷满分：140分）注意事项：1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。I.ListeningComprehension（第1-10题,每题1分；第11-20题，每题1.5分；共25分）SectionADirections:InSectionA,youwillheartenshortconversationsbetweentwospeakers.Attheendofeachconversation,aquestionwillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Theconversationsandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaconversationandthequestionaboutit,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaper,anddecidewhichoneisthebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.A.Apostwoman. B.Ateacher. C.Ajournalist. D.Alibrarian.A.Onaplane. B.Onatrain. C.Atarestaurant. D.Atatravelagency.A.5minutes. B.10minutes. C.15minutes. D.20minutes.4.A.Hespendstoomuchmoney. B.HeshouldwatchmoreTV.C.HeactuallylikeswatchingTV. D.Heboughtanexpensivewatch.5.A.Thewomanshouldgetanewwatch.B.Thewomanneedstobuyanotherbattery.C.Heknowswhatiswrongwiththewatch.D.Thestorecanprobablyfixthewoman’swatch.6.A.Heshouldworkinthesummerschool.B.Heshouldn'tgotoNewYorkinthesummer.C.Hemaynotwanttodoso.D.Hemayhavedifficultyindoingso.7.A.Spendmoretimeonthecourse.B.Turntothegraduateassistantforhelp.C.Dropthecourseassoonaspossible.D.Helpthegraduateassistantwiththecourse.8.A.Theyshouldbuyalotofcoffee.B.Thesupermarketisn’tgoingtobeclosed.Coffeeisoutofstockinthesupermarket.D.Theyshouldwaitforabetterdealoncoffee.9.A.Thefinalexam. B.Alawschool.C.Areferenceletter. D.Thedepartmentpolicy.10.A.Hewasn'tabletofindaseatthere.B.Hehadtowaitalongtimeforaseatthere.C.Theseatsthereareuncomfortable.D.Itprovidesreadingmaterialsforcustomers.SectionBDirections:InSectionB,youwillheartwoshortpassagesandonelongerconversation,andyouwillbeaskedseveralquestionsoneachoftheshortpassagesandthelongerconversation.Theshortpassagesandthelongerconversationwillbereadtwice,butthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Whenyouhearaquestion,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaperanddecidewhichoneisthebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.Questions11through13arebasedonthefollowingnews.11.A.2. B.18. C.About125. D.Over1,300.12.A.Helpinggooduniversitiestoenrollmorestudents.B.Gettingmorefinancialsupportfromforeignstudents.C.EncouragingmoreforeignstudentstotravelaroundtheUK.D.AttractingmoreexcellentforeignstudentstoworkinBritain.13.A.HevotedforDonaldTrump. B.Hedidnotvoteinthepresidentialelection.C.Hemadeapoliticalspeechintheconcert.D.Hesangforonly40minutesintheconcert.Questions14through16arebasedonthefollowingpassage.14.A.Theycanplaymanykindsofgameswithsnow.B.Theycanseethebeautifulsceneryoffallingsnow.C.Theycanhaveseveraldaysofffromschoolifitsnows.D.Theycanenjoysteaminghotchocolateonasnowyday.15.A.Thebuildingofsnowmenforchildren. B.Theremovalofsnowofftheirdriveway.C.Thespreadofsaltmixedwithsand. D.Thelowtemperaturethatsnowbrings.16.A.Rareandexciting. B.Dangerousandchallenging.C.Unusualbutdisappointing. D.Troublesomebutinteresting.Questions17through20arebasedonthefollowingconversation.17.A.Itencourageswiseconsumption. B.Itisimpossibletobestolen.C.Itmakesiteasiertopayoffdebt. D.Itcanbeusedinanemergency.18.A.Itmakespeoplefeelsafer. B.Itpreventspeoplefromoverspending.C.Itenablespeopletogetthingscheaper. D.Ithelpspeopleknowmoreaboutmoney.19.A.Doingsomeshopping. B.Doingsomereading.C.Openinganaccount. D.Takingalesson.20.A.Shopownersprefercashtocreditcards.B.Thewomanpayspartofhisbilleachmonth.C.Mostpeopledon’tchoosetousecreditcards.D.Themanwasn’tpersuadedbythewomanatlast.II.GrammarandVocabulary（每题1分；共20分）SectionADirections:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagecoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.Haveyoueverbeenembarrassedbecauseyouforgotsomethingimportant?Whatkindsofthingsdoyouhavethemosttrouble21(remember)?Markbegantointroducetheguestspeakertotheaudience,butthenpausedinhorror.Hehadforgottenhername.Barbarahidherjewelrywhenshewentonvacation.Whenshecameback,shecouldn’tremember22she’sputit.Perhapsyouhavehadexperienceslikethese.Mostpeoplehave.And,what’smore,mostpeople23(bow)toalifeofforgetting.Theyareunawareofasimplebutimportantfact:Memorycanbedeveloped.Ifyouwilljustacceptthatfact,thisbookwillshowyou24itcanbeimproved.First,relax.Ifyouareoveranxiousaboutrememberingsomething,youwillforgetit.Relaxingwillenhanceyourawarenessandabilitytoconcentrate.Youcan’trememberanything25youcanconcentrate.Second,avoidbeingnegative.Ifyoukeeptelling26thatyourmemoryisbad,yourmindwillcometobelieveitandyouwon’tremembersthings.Whenyouforgetsomething,don’tsay,"Gee,Ineedtohavemybrain27(rewire).”Instead,youneedtotakeanactiverole.28yourbody,yourmemorycanbestrengthenedstrongexercised.Lookforopportunitiestoexerciseyourmemory.Forexample,ifyouarelearningalanguage,trytoactivelyrememberirregularverbs.Youmayalsowanttomakeassociations,orlinks,between29youaretryingtorememberandthingsyoualreadyknow.Forexample,ifyouneedtocatchaplaneat2:00p.m.,youcanimagineaplaneinyourmindandnoticethatithastwowings.Twowings=2:00.Youarenowtentimes30(likely)toremembertherake-offtime.SectionBDirections:ineachblankwithathebox.Eachcanbeonlyonce.NotethatisoneyouA．claimed

B．evacuate

C．fabrics

D．regular

E.significantly

F.sinkG.rainstorms

H.similar

I.initially

J.swallowing

K.thought“Itwasawaveofwater,”saysOulimataSambe.Shepointsoutthestill-sodden(湿透的)armchairs,muddywardrobeandthewaterstainametreandahalfupthewallinhersmallhouseinNgor,afishingvillagewithinDakar,thecapitalofSenegal.“Ihadtwograndkidsonmybed,Ihadto31themoutofthewindow,”sheadds.Notfaraway,underpassesonDakar’ssceniccorniche(滨海路)becamecar-32lakes.JustweeksearlieranotherdownpourhadturnedquietstreetsinDakarintoragingriversandcollapsedasectionofmotorway.33eventsregularlyoccuracrosstheregion.RecentfloodingandlandslidesalsokilledeightpeopleinFreetown,thecapitalofSierraLeone.InJunefloodingkilled12peopleinAbidjan,thecommercialcapitalofIvoryCoast.FloodsinLagos,Nigeria’scommercialcapital,34anothersevenlives.Evenwhentheyarenotdeadly,cityfloodsruinlivesandlivelihoods.Stormwaterrecentlyfloodedthebiggesttextile(纺织业)marketinKano,acityinnorthernNigeria,destroyinghundredsofthousandsofdollars’worthof35.Unusuallyheavyrainshavebecome36morecommonoverthepast30years,leavinghugenumbersofpeopleatrisk.Inplacesthisispartlybecauseofdeforestation.ArecentstudybyChristopherTayloroftheUKCentreforEcologyandHydrology,aresearchinstitute,andhiscoauthorsfoundthatafternoon37indeforestedpartsofcoastalwestAfricahappentwiceasoftencomparedwith30yearsago.Theirfrequencywentupbyonlyaboutathirdinplacesthatkepttheirforests.Yet38floodingofcitiesinwestAfricaisnotonlycausedbyheavierrain.Unplannedurbanizationisalsotoblame.Ascitieshavegrown,buildershavethrownupconcretewallswithlittle39aboutprovidingdrainage,makingitharderforwatertofindaclearpathtothesea.Aseverlargerareashavebeenpavedover,therehasbeenlessexposedsoilintowhichwatercangently40away.Andascitesgetmorepackedwithnewarrivals,theirfewfunctioningdrainsgetoverwhelmedorclogged.III.ReadingComprehension(共45分。41-45每题1分；56-70每题2分)SectionADirections:ForeachblankinthefollowingpassagetherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA.B.CandD.FillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontextHistorysuggeststhatsocietiesgenerallyoverestimatetheshort-termimplicationsofnewtechnologieswhileunderestimatinglonger-termones.Currentexperiencewithartificialintelligence—thetechnologyenabledbymachine-learning—suggestswearegettingit41thistime.There’stoomuchtalkaboutthepotential“42risk”tohumanityposedbyAI,andtoolittleaboutourexperienceofitsofarandcorporateplansforexploitingthetechnology.AlthoughAIhasbeenhidinginplainsightforadecade,ittookmostpeoplebysurprise.TheappearanceofChatGPTlastNovembersignaledthattheworldhaddiscoveredapowerfulnewtechnology.Notfornothingisthisnew“generativeAI”called“43”:itprovidesthebaseonwhichthenextwaveofdigitalinnovationwillbebuilt.Itisalsotransformationalininnumerableways:itweakenscenturies-oldconceptionsofintellectualproperty,44,andithasthepotentialradicallytoincreaseproductivity,reshapeindustries,changethenatureofsomekindsofworkandsoon.Ontopofthat,though,italsoraisestroublingquestionsaboutthe45ofhumansandtheircapabilities.ThecontinuingdisputebetweentheHollywoodstudiosandscreenwriters’andactors’unionsperfectlyillustratesthe46ofthechallengesposedbyAI.Bothgroupsareupinarmsaboutthewayonlinestreaminghasreducedtheirearnings.Butthewritersalsofeartheirrolewillbe47simplytorewritingAI-generatedscripts;andactorsareconcernedthatdetaileddigitalscanning48bynewmoviecontractswillallowstudiostocreatepersuasivedeepfakesofthemthatstudioswillbeabletoownanduse“fortherestofeternity(永久),inanyprojecttheywant,withnopermissionandnocompensation”.Sothekeyquestionfordemocraciesis:howcanweensureAIisusedforhumanflourishing49corporategain?Onthisquestion,thenewsfrom50isnotgood.Arecentstudybytworenownedeconomists,DaronAcemogluandSimonJohnson,of1,000yearsoftechnologicalprogressshowsthatalthoughsomebenefitshaveusuallytrickled(流)downtothe51,therewardshave—withoneexception—invariablygonetothosewhoownandcontrolthetechnology.The“52”wasaperiodinwhichdemocraciesfosteredcountervailingpowers(抵消力量)—civil-societyorganisations,freemedia,activists,tradeunionsandotherprogressive,technicallyinformedinstitutionsthatsuppliedasteadyflowofideasabouthowtechnologycouldberepurposedfor53ratherthanexclusivelyforprivateprofit.ThisisthelessonfromhistorythatsocietiesconfrontedbytheAIchallengeneedtorelearn.Therearesomesignsthatgovernmentsmayfinallyhaverealizedtheproblem.TheEU,forexample,hasanambitiousandfar-reachingAIActthatismakingitswaythroughtheunion’sprocesses.IntheUS,theBidenadministrationrecentlypublisheda“BlueprintforanAIBillofRights”,whichlooksimpressivebutis54justalistofaspirationsthatsomeofthebigtechcompaniesclaimtoshare.It’sastart—providedgovernmentsdon’tforgetthatleavingtheimplementationofpowerfulnewtechnologiessolelytocorporationsisalwaysa(n)55idea.A．theotherwayround B．allthewayback C．onewayortheother D．justintheway42．A．economical B．existential C．economic D．commercial43．A．distinguished B．prosperous C．pioneering D．foundational44．A．forexample B．bycontrast C．inturn D．atmost45．A．prospects B．inspirations C．virtues D．uniqueness46．A．origin B．extent C．implication D．constitution47．A．credited B．attributed C．reduced D．exposed48．A．enabled B．facilitated C．implemented D．possessed49．A．aswellas B．inexchangefor C．ratherthan D．asopposedto50．A．society B．frontier C．press D．history51．A．corporations B．masses C．governments D．industries52．A．exception B．reminder C．outcome D．benefit53．A．scientificdiscoveries B．energyconservation C．socialgood D．jobsecurity54．A．supposedly B．essentially C．necessarily D．commonly55．A．impressive B．sensible C．outdated D．badSectionB Directions:Readthefollowingthreepassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosetheonethatfitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassageyouhavejustread. (A)ChineseTeapotEscapingfromBritishMuseumGoesViralChinesestatemediahaspraisedaviralvideoseriestellingthestoryofajadeteapotcomingtolifeandfleeingtheBritishMuseumtomakeitswaybackhome.Thesetofthreeshortepisodes,entitledEscapefromtheBritishMuseum,showstheteapotturningintoayoungwomaninagreendress,whothenengagesaLondon-basedChinesejournalisttohelpherreunitewithherfamily.ItappearstohavestruckachordinChinaafterfirstbeingreleasedbyindependentvloggersonDouyin,China’sequivalenttoTikTok.ByMondayevening,ithadreportedlyrackedupmorethan310millionviews.TheplotlinetapsintogrowingChinesecriticismoftheBritishMuseumafterreportslastmonththatmorethan1,500pricelessobjects,includinggoldjewelry,semi-preciousstonesandglass,weremissing,stolenordamaged.InAugustthestatemediatabloidGlobalTimescalledforthereturnofChineseartefactsfromthemuseum“freeofcharge”inthewakeofthecontroversy.“ThehugeloopholesinthemanagementandsecurityofculturalobjectsintheBritishMuseumexposedbythisscandalhaveledtothecollapseofalong-standingandwidelycirculatedclaimthat‘foreignculturalobjectsarebetterprotectedintheBritishMuseum’,”itsaid.⑦Itstronglysupportedthevideoseriesfortouchingona“powerfulmessage”abouttheimportanceofculturalheritageandreflecting“Chinesepeople’syearningfortherepatriationoftheChineseculturalrelics”.Inafurtherjibeatthemuseum,itinterpretedthejadeteapot’ssurpriseatthesizeofthejournalist’sresidenceasdepictingthe“casualattitudeoftheBritishMuseumtowardChineseculturalrelics,asmanyofthemarecrammedintoonecabinetforexhibition”.StatebroadcasterCCTValsogavetheshortfilmsaglowingreviewsaying:“WeareverypleasedtoseeChineseyoungpeoplearepassionateabouthistoryandtradition…WearealsolookingforwardtotheearlyreturnofChineseartefactsthathavebeendisplacedoverseas.”ThemuseumscandalmadeheadlinesaroundtheworldandrevivedearlierdemandsbytheChinesemediatorestorethecountry’srelics.Thenewthree-partshowhasunleashedawaveofnationalismamongviewers,withmanypraisingthecreativeplotthatreducedthemtotearsbyshowinghowtheteapotexperiencedthehappinessofreturningtoChinatoseepandasandwatchaflag-raisingceremonyonTiananmenSquare.56．WhatexcusedoesBritaingiveforkeepingothernations’culturalobjectsinitsmuseum?A．Ithastakenpossessionoftheseobjectsbyalllawfulmeans.B．Theseobjectsmaycometolife,fleetheircountriesandgoviral.C．Theseobjectsaresaferandtakenbettercareofinitsmuseum.D．Itisrequestedbyothernationstoprotecttheirculturalobjects.57．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“repatriation”(Para.7)probablymean?A．Repair. B．Reflection. C．Return. D．Reserve.58．Whichcanweinferfromthepassage?A．ALondon-basedChinesejournalisthascontributedalottotheviralthree-partvideoseries.B．Themuseum’sflawedmanagementandsecuritysystemsareinvolvedinthescandal.C．TheBritainMuseumisunderpressuretoreturntheculturalrelicstoChinasoonerorlater.D．Chinahadalreadydemandedtherestorationofitsculturalrelicsbeforethescandal.59．What’sthepurposeofthepassage?A．ToappealtoBritaintoreturnChina’sculturalobjects.B．Tointroduceaviralvideoseriesaboutafleeingjadeteapot.C．Toarousereaders’concernaboutChineseculturalobjectsabroad.D．TopraiseChineseyoungpeople’spassionforhistoryandtradition. (B)SuperbSpringGardensSunshineonyourface,thescentofblossomintheair,thedreamysongofablackbird.Whatbetterwaytowhileawayaspringdaythaninacountrygardenfilledwithflowerslikemagnolia,rhododendron,primula,iris,daffodilsorbluebells?Hereareafourofthebest.LONDONTheSaviliGardenEgham,Surrey.Opendaily.PartoftheWindsorGreatParkestate,withoneofthecountry’sfinestplantcollections.AptlynamedSpringWoodisplantedwithmagnoliaandrhododendron,includingmanyLoderihybrids,theflowersofwhicharedeliciouslyscented,whiletheAzaleaWalkisatitspeakinmidtolateMay.Brilliantforfamilieswithagreatcafe,too.windsorgreatpark.co.uk/enYORKSHIRETheHirnalayanGardenGrewelthorpe,NorthYorkshire.Opendailyfrom12April.SetinavalleybetweenHarrogateandRipon,thisgardenfeatureshundredsofnativeHimalayanplantsinasettingthatisperhapsascloseasyoucangettobeinginanactualHimalayanvalley-especiallyonamistymorning.Manyoftherhododendronsarewildspecies,collectedandgrownfromseedandnowintheirmatureprime.01765658009,SCOTLANDArduaineGardenNearOban,Argyll.Opendailyfrom1April.SetonScotland’swestcoastamidstunningscenery,thisbeautifulgardenbenefitsfromtheinfluenceoftheGulfStream.NowinthecareoftheNationalTrustforScotland,thehistoricgardenfeaturedover200rhododendronsbythe1920s,whicharestillspringhighlights,asarestandsofprimulaandiris.Buttherealstarsarethestretchesofcolourfulandjaw-droppinglybeautifulHimalayanplants.01852200366,.uk/arduain-gardenWALESBodnantGardenNearColwynBay,Clwyd.Opendaily.RightlyconsideredoneoftheUK’sfinestgardens,BodnantspringstolifewithpoolsofdaffodilsinOldParkMeadow,alongwithnationalcollectionsofmagnoliaandrhododendron.Extensiveplantingsofcherryfillthegardenwithsweetscentinmid-spring,alongsideplentifulbluebells.Fortheseweeksfrommid-May,thefamousLaburnumArch,alongwalkwaywithgolden-yellowflowers,aloneisworthavisittoexperienceit.01492650460,.uk/bodnant-garden60．Thepurposeofthispageisto_________.A．introducethebeautyofthesuperbspringgardensintheUKB．urgegardenloverstovisitthewebsitesofthefourgardensC．promotedifferentregionsintheUKbyintroducingtheirgardensD．advertisefourspringgardensandencouragevisitstothem61．BorninLondonandarhododendronlover,SallyhasalwaysbeenlongingtovisitHimalayainpersonsomeday.She’salsofascinatedbyHimalayanplants.WhichgardenwillshemostprobablyvisitduringApril?A．TheSavillGarden B．TheHimalayanGardenC．ArduaineGarden D．BodnantGarden62．Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrue?A．Allfourgardensboastmagnoliaandrhododendron.B．TwogardensareopentothepubliconlyduringApril.C．TheNationalTrusttakescareoftwoofthefourgardens.D．Touristscancalltoknowmoreaboutthefourgardens. (C)Scientificpublishinghaslongbeenalicensetoprintmoney.Scientistsneedjournalsinwhichtopublishtheirresearch,sotheywillsupplythearticleswithoutmonetaryreward.Otherscientistsperformthespecializedworkofpeerreviewalsoforfree,becauseitisacentralelementintheacquisitionofstatusandtheproductionofscientificknowledge.Withthecontentofpaperssecuredforfree,thepublisherneedsonlyfindamarketforitsjournal.Untilthiscentury,universitylibrarieswerenotverypricesensitive.Scientificpublishersroutinelyreportprofitmarginsapproaching40%ontheiroperations,atatimewhentherestofthepublishingindustryisinanexistentialcrisis.TheDutchgiantElsevier,whichclaimstopublish25%ofthescientificpapersproducedintheworld,madeprofitsofmorethan£900mlastyear,whileUKuniversitiesalonespentmorethan£210min2016toenableresearcherstoaccesstheirownpubliclyfundedresearch;bothfiguresseemtoriseunstoppablydespiteincreasinglydesperateeffortstochangethem.Themostdrastic,andthoroughlyillegal,reactionhasbeentheemergenceofSci-Hub,akindofglobalphotocopierforscientificpapers,setupin2012,whichnowclaimstoofferaccesstoeverypaywalledarticlepublishedsince2015.ThesuccessofSci-Hub,whichreliesonresearcherspassingoncopiestheyhavethemselveslegallyaccessed,showsthelegalecosystemhaslostlegitimacyamongitsusersandmustbetransformedsothatitworksforallparticipants.InBritainthemovetowardsopenaccesspublishinghasbeendrivenbyfundingbodies.Insomewaysithasbeenverysuccessful.MorethanhalfofallBritishscientificresearchisnowpublishedunderopenaccessterms:eitherfreelyavailablefromthemomentofpublication,orpaywalledforayearormoresothatthepublisherscanmakeaprofitbeforebeingplacedongeneralrelease.Yetthenewsystemhasnotworkedoutanycheaperfortheuniversities.Publishershaverespondedtothedemandthattheymaketheirproductfreetoreadersbychargingtheirwritersfeestocoverthecostsofpreparinganarticle.Theserangefromaround￡500to$5,000.Areportlastyearpointedoutthatthecostsbothofsubscriptionsandofthese“articlepreparationcosts”hadbeensteadilyrisingatarateaboveinflation.Insomewaysthescientificpublishingmodelresemblestheeconomyofthesocialinternet:labourisprovidedfreeinexchangeforthehopeofstatus,whilehugeprofitsaremadebyafewbigfirmswhorunthemarketplaces.Inbothcases,weneedarebalancingofpower.63．Scientificpublishingisseenas“alicensetoprintmoney”partlybecause________A．itsfundinghasenjoyedasteadyincrease. B．itsmarketingstrategyhasbeensuccessful.C．itspaymentforpeerreviewisreduced. D．itscontentacquisitioncostsnothing.64．WhichstatementistruefromParagraphs2to4?A．ScientificpublisherElsevierhavethrivedmainlyonuniversitylibraries.B．Mostscientificpublishersgonethroughanexistentialcrisisuntilthiscentury.C．Sci-Huboffersfreeaccesstopaywalledarticlespublishedsince2015.D．Theresearchers’legally-accessedcopiesdenythelegalecosystemlegitimacy.65．ItcanbelearnedfromParagraphs5and6thatopenaccessterms________A．allowpublisherssomeroomtomakemoney. B．renderpublishingmucheasierforscientists.C．reducethecostofpublicationsubstantially. D．freeuniversitiesfromfinancialburdens.66．Whichofthefollowingcharacteristicsthescientificpublishingmodel?A．Trialsubscriptionisoffered. B．Labourtriumphsoverstatus.C．Costsarewellcontrolled. D．Thefewfeedonthemany.SectionCDirections:CompletethefollowingpassagebyusingthesentencesintheboxEachsentencecanonlybeusedonce.Notethattherearetwosentencesmorethanyouneed.A．Whethershewasblessedwithagoodsenseoflanguage,thepracticewouldmotivateher.B．Bynowsheisredoingproblems—howdoIgetcharactersintoaroom—dozensanddozensoftimes.C．Butitunderlinesafactthatisoftenneglected:publicdiscussionisaffectedbygeneticsandwhatwe’re“hard-wired”todo.D．It’snotI.Q.,agenerallybadpredictorofsuccess,eveninrealmslikechess.E．Thiscontactwouldgivethegirlavisionofherfutureself.F．Researcherscansafelydrawtheconclusionthatshehasinternalizedtheskillofwritingstories.Thelatestresearchsuggestsamoreprosaic,democratic,evenpuritanicalviewoftheworld.Thekeyfactorseparatinggeniusesfromthemerelyaccomplishedisnotadivinespark.67Instead,it’sdeliberatepractice.Topperformersspendmorehoursrigorouslypracticingtheircraft.Ifyouwantedtopicturehowatypicalgeniusmightdevelop,you’dtakeagirlwhopossessedaslightlyaboveaverageverbalability,atalentjustenoughsothatshemightgainsomesenseofdistinction.Thenyouwouldwanthertomeet,say,anovelist,whocoincidentallysharedsomesimilarbiographicaltraits.Maybethewriterwasfromthesametown,hadthesameethnicbackground,or,sharedthesamebirthday.68Itwouldgivehersomeideaofafascinatingcircleshemightsomedayjoinandfuelaneedforsuccess.Armedwiththisambition,shewouldreadnovelsandlifestoriesofwriterswithoutend.Thiswouldgiveheraprimaryknowledgeofherfield.She’dbeabletoseenewwritingindeeperwaysandquicklyperceiveitsinnerworkings.Thenshewouldpracticewriting.Herpracticewouldbeslow,painstakinganderror-focused.Bypracticinginthisway,shedelaystheautomatizingprocess.Hermindwantstoturnconscious,newlylearnedskillsintounconscious,automaticallyperformedskills.Thenshewouldfindanadviserwhowouldprovideaconstantstreamoffeedback,viewingherperformancefromtheoutside,correctingthesmallesterrors,pushinghertotakeontougherchallenges.69Sheisestablishinghabitsofthoughtshecancalluponinordertounderstandorsolvefutureproblems.Theprimarytraitshepossessesisnotsomemysteriousgenius.It’stheabilitytodevelopapurposeful,laboriousandboringpracticeroutine.Thelatestresearchtakessomeofthemagicoutofgreatachievement.70Andit’struethatgenesplayaroleinourcapabilities.Butthebrainisalsoveryplastic.Weconstructourselvesthroughbehavior.IV.SummaryWriting(共10分）Directions:Readthefollowingpassage.Summarizethemainideaandthemainpoint(s)ofthepassageinnomorethan60words.Useyourownwordsasfaraspossible.ObstaclestothecorrectdecisionLifeisfullofchoices,someinconsequential,somereallysignificant.Butsometimesitcanbehardtomakethecorrectone.Whataretheobstaclesthatstandbetween