2025届高考英语二轮复习好题专题01阅读理解第01期含解析

阅读理解阅读理解【2025届湖北省武汉市华中师范高校第一附属中学高考押题】RainforestisscatteredalongAustralia’seastcoastinwesternTasmania,andsmallpocketsacrossnorthAustraliafromCapeYorktotheKimberley.MostofAustralia’srainforest-overmillionhectares-isinQueensland.Wherecanseerainforest?YoucanseerainforestinmanynationalparksinQueensland.Someparkshavefacilitiesforbushwalking;othersaresuitableonlyforexperiencedwalkers.Ifyouwouldliketoknowmoreaboutrainforest,checkwithyourlocalQueenslandParksandWildlifeServiceOffice.ThreatstosurvivalWeeds,fire,wildanimals(pigs,dogsandcats),clearingforresidentialdevelopment,andvisitorpressures(eg.littering)threatenremainingrainforestbiodiversity.Fragmentedrainforestisparticularlyunderthreat.Privatelandholderswhohaverainforesthabitatontheirpropertycanhelpconservethisspecialecosystemandthemanyplantandanimalspecieslivingwithinit.HowyoucanhelpStayonwalkingtracks.Delicategroundcoverplantsareeasilytrampled.Cleanyourbootsbeforehandtoavoidintroducingsoilvirus.Remember,everythingisprotected.Don’tpick,breakorremoveanyplants.Don’tfeednativeanimals.Feedingisharmfulandmayleadtoaggressivebehavior.Leavetherainforestasyoufoundit.Takeyourrubbishhomewithyou.Buriedrubbishuncoveredbyforestanimalscanharmthem.Leaveyourpetsathome.Theyarenotallowedinnationalparksandcanchase,scareandkillanimals.Ifyoucampwithinthepark，disturbtheforestflooraslittleaspossible.Don’tcuttreesfortentpolesorclearplantsaroundyourcampsite.OnlyusefuelstoveswhencookinginrainforestsNutrientrecyclingiscriticalinarainforestsogatheringleaflitteranddeadbranchesforfirescancausedamage.Don’tusesoap,toothpaste,sunscreenordetergentinwaterways.Theypollutethewaterandharmaquaticanimals.21．HowcanyouappreciatetherainforestinQueensland?A．Bybuildingfacilitiesinthenationalparks.B．Byaccumulatingexperienceofwalking.C．Bybushwalkinginthenationalparks.D．Bycheckingwiththelocalpeople.22．Whichofthefollowingcontributestotheconservationifyouareintherainforest?A．Gatheringdeadbranchesforfirewood.B．Cleaningyourbootswhilewalking.C．Buryingrubbishintherainforest.D．Keepingonthepaths.23．Whatisforbiddenintherainforest?A．Camping.B．Cooking.C．Walkingyourdog.D．Washingyourhands.【答案】21．C22．D23．C【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了在澳大利亚昆土兰参观热带雨林时的留意事项。21．细微环节理解题。依据“Wherecanseerainforest?”部分中“YoucanseerainforestinmanynationalparksinQueensland.Someparkshavefacilitiesforbushwalking;”可知，可以通过山林徒步旅行来欣赏昆士兰热带雨林，故选C项。22．细微环节理解题。依据“Howyoucanhelp”部分中“Stayonwalkingtracks.Delicategroundcoverplantsareeasilytrampled.”可知，脆弱的地面植被很简洁被踩踏，所以待在人行道欣赏有助于爱护雨林。故选D项。23．推理推断题。依据“Howyoucanhelp”部分中“Leaveyourpetsathome.Theyarenotallowedinnationalparksandcanchase,scareandkillanimals.”可知，国家公园不允许带宠物，它们可能会追逐、惊吓、杀死动物，由此可知，C项“遛狗”在雨林是不允许的。故选C项。Thecub(幼兽)learnedquickly.Ifhemetmotherhenhewouldbecomeangry,rememberingthepecksonhisnosefromhisfirstdayoutofacave.Faminecameagainandforawhile,neithermotherorcubhadanythingtoeat.Thenoneday,She-wolfbroughthomesomemeat!Itwasstrangestuff,differentfromanythingthecubhadsmelledortastedbefore.Anditwasforhim!Littlecouldheknowthathismotherhadtakentheleftforkbythestream,bythelairofthelynx(山猫巢穴),andstolenkitten.Ashefinishedhismeal,heheardhismothersnarling(咆哮)instrangeandterribleway.Heshiveredwithfear.ThelynxwasmadwithangeratthelossofherchildandshehadtrackedShe-wolftohercave.Intheglareoftheafternoonlight,thelynxcrouchedatthecaveentrance.Acoarsescreamleftnodoubtwhatshemeanttodo.Thecubandhismotherweretrapped!Thelynxthrewherselfinsidethecave,andShe-wolfleapeduponher.Snarlingandhowling,thetwomothersfoughtlikecrazy,thelynxpullingandtearingwithherteethandclaws,She-wolfusingherteethalone.Seeinghismotherinsuchdanger,thecubsankhisteethintothewildcat’sleg.Althoughhedidn’tknowit,thisisprobablywhatsavedtheirlives.Thelynxbeatatthecub,tearinghisshoulder,buthehadslowedherdown.Afterabrief,cruelfight,She-wolfputanendtoheronceandforall.Theyhadwon,butataprice.Thecublickedhismother’swounds.Heknewshewasweakandsick.Foraweeksheneverleftthecave.Thenatlast,herstrengthreturnedandshewasreadytohuntagain.Thistime,thecubwentwithher.She-wolfnoticedachangeinherchild.Hehadcompletefaithinhimselffromtheirvictoryoverthelynx.Theyhadfoughtawildcatandlived!Thecubnowknewanotherlawofthewild-eatortobeeaten:killortobekilled.24．WhatcanbeinferredaboutthecubfromParagraph1and2?A．Amotherhenonceattackedhim.B．HesharedthemeatwithShe-wolf.C．Thecubdidn’tlikethestrangemeat.D．Hecouldobtainmeatsecretly.25．Whichofthefollowingcanreplacetheunderlinedword“crouched”inParagraph4?A．Fought. B．Tracked. C．Hid. D．Trapped.26．WhatmostlyhelpedShe-wolfandthecubwinthefightagainstthelynx?A．Thelynxfightingwithherteethandclaws.B．Thecubbitingintothelegofthelynx.C．Thethreebeingwoundedseriously.D．She-wolfusinghersharpteeth.27．Whatdidthecubgetfromthevictory?A．Carefulness. B．Strength. C．Friendship. D．Confidence.【答案】24．A25．C26．B27．D【解析】这是一篇记叙文。母狼幼崽和它母亲共同力战寻仇而来的山猫，最终取得了成功。幼崽由此体会到了丛林的生存法则：吃或被吃，杀或被杀。24．推理推断题。依据第一段“...rememberingthepecksonhisnosefromhisfirstdayoutofacave.”假如他遇到母鸡，他会生气的，想起他第一天从山洞里出来时鼻子上的啄痕。可推知，幼崽曾经被母鸡攻击过，故选A项。25．词义揣测题。依据第四段最终一句“Thecubandhismotherweretrapped!”可知，幼崽和它的母亲被困在了洞里，说明thelynx(山猫)藏在洞窟入口等待母狼和它的幼崽，所以“crouched”的意思是“躲藏”。故选C项。26．推理推断题。依据倒数第五段“Seeinghismotherinsuchdanger,thecubsankhisteethintothewildcat’sleg.Althoughhedidn’t’knowit,thisisprobablywhatsavedtheirlives.”可知，幼崽看到母亲处于如此危急的境地，就咬住了山猫的腿。这招可能救了它和它母亲的命，所以是幼崽咬了山猫的腿帮助它们赢得这场战斗。故选B项。27．细微环节理解题。依据倒数其次段“She-wolfnoticedchangeinherchild.Hehadcompletefaithinhimselffromtheirvictoryoverthelynx.”可知，幼崽从对山猫的成功中赢得了对自己的信念，故选D项。Eversincethebeginningofhumancivilization,wearetryingtoreducemanualeffortsbymakingsimpletoextremelycomplexmachines.Thenextstepinthesameprocessisroboticsandautomation.Roboticsandautomationisafieldwithabundantpotential.ItexpandsitsscopefromhouseholdapplicationstosolvingmysteriesoftheUniversetocuringuntreatablemedicalconditions.Upuntilthebeginningof2024,robotsofanykindaremadeupofnor-livingmaterials.RecentlyscientistsfromtheUniversityofVermont&TuftsUniversityintroducedXenobots,whichhaveopenedawholenewUniverseforthisfield.Xenobotsaretheworld’sfirstlivingandself-healingmicrobots.Theserobotsaredesignedwiththehelpofcomputer-generated-evolutionaryalgorithm(算法).Thelivingcellsusedforitscreationareskin,heartandstemcellfromtheAfricanfrogembryos(胚胎).Thesemicrobotsareverybasicinnature,madeupentirelyfromtheorganicsubstance.Theycanmoveforward,turnaround,spinincirclesandflipover.Theyaresmallerthanamillimetreandcantravelinsidethehumanbody.Justimaginethepossibilitieswewillhave,oncescientistisabletoteachXenobotstodothedesiredtask.Onedaytheyevenmightbeabletofightcancercells.Theywillbeabletoclearmicroplasticsintheoceansandlotsmore.Butifthesebotsarealifeform,whyarewecallingthemrobots?Thisisbecausescientistsaredesigningthemtomoveorworkaccordingtotheirwills.AcertainarrangementforskinandheartcellsinanXenobotwillmakeitmoveinastraightline,whileadifferentarrangementofthesamecellswillberequiredtomovethemincircularmotions.Xenobotsarepositivelyagreatstep.Scientistsarealsocallingthemabrandnewlifeformontheplanet.Thefutureisunseenbutisundoubtedlyfullofcountlesspossibilities.28．Whichofthefollowingisthepotentialoftherobotics?A．Makingcomplexmachines. B．Reducingmanualefforts.C．Expandingourscopes. D．Clearingspacemysteries.29．WheredoXenobotsdifferfromtheotherpreviousrobots?A．Innature. B．Insize. C．Inmovement. D．Inmaterials.30．WhatareXenobotsabletodoalreadynow?A．Travelinsidethehumanbody. B．Createnewlife.C．Fightcancercells. D．Clearmicroplasticsintheoceans.31．Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardsthefutureofXenobots?A．Doubtful. B．Positive. C．Ambiguous. D．Disapproving.【答案】28．D29．D30．A31．B【解析】这是一篇说明文。科学家最近独创了世界上第一个活体机器人——能够自我修复的微型机器人Xenobot。该机器人具有无限潜力，可以用来解决宇宙奇妙和治疗无法治愈的疾病等。28．细微环节理解题。依据第一段中Roboticsandautomationisafieldwithabundantpotential.ItexpandsitsscopefromhouseholdapplicationstosolvingmysteriesoftheUniversetocuringuntreatablemedicalconditions.机器人与自动化是一个极具潜力的领域:从家庭应用扩展到解决宇宙奇妙，再到治疗无法治愈的疾病。可知，解开太空之谜是机器人技术潜力所在中的一个方面。故选D项。29．推理推断题。依据其次段中Upuntilthebeginningof2024,robotsofanykindaremadeupofnon-living-materials直到2024年初，任何种类的机器人都是由非生物材料构成的。以及Xenobotsaretheworld’sfirstlivingandself-healing-microbots.Xenobots是世界上第一个活的能够自我修复的微型机器人。可知，最近科学家独创的Xenobot机器人与之前的机器人在制作材料上不同。故选D项。30．细微环节理解题。依据第三段中Thesemicrobotsareverybasicinnature,madeupentirelyfromtheorganicsubstance.Theycanmoveforward,turnaround,spinincirclesandflipover.Theyaresmallerthanamillimetreandcantravelinsidethehumanbody.这些微型机器人完全由有机物质组成，它们可以向前移动转身、旋转和翻转；它们小于一毫米，可以在人体内移动。可知，Xenobots机器人现在能在人体内移动。故选A项。31．推理推断题。依据最终一段中Thefutureisunseenbutisundoubtedlyfullofcountlesspossibilities.将来是看不见的，但无疑充溢了多数的可能性。可知，作者对Xenobots的将来看法是主动的。故选B项。Althoughyoucanpossiblygetbyasatouristinweeks,masteringalanguageisalong-termcommitmenttakingyears,notmonths.TheFSIhasclassifiedlanguagesindegreesofdifficultyforEnglishspeakers.Chinesetakesapproximately88weeksor2,200hoursrankingtop5alongwithArabic,KoreanandJapanese.EachChinesedialectiseffectivelyanotherlanguagebutMandarin(PutonghuainChinese,whichmeansthecommonlanguage)isconsideredtheofficialtongueinmodernChina.Theyallshareroughlyoneevolvingwritingsystem,referredtoaswrittenlanguageinventedforadministeringalarge,diverseempire.Tocomplicate(使困难)thematterfurther,therearetwomaintypesofwrittenChinesecharactersunderthesamewritingsystem:thetraditionalChineseusedinHongKongandTaiwanandthesimplifiedChineseinmainlandChina.Forexample,flyiswrittenas飛intraditionalChineseand飞insimplifiedChinese.They’rebasicallythesamecharacterwrittenintwodifferentwaysbutpronounceddifferentlywhenspokenindifferentdialects.EachwrittenwordwhenspokenismutuallyincomprehensiblebetweenaMandarinspeakerinBeijingandaCantonesespeakerinHongKong.Ifyouthinkthat’sodd,considerournumbersystem:thesymbol“9”isuniversallyrecognizedbutit’spronounced“nine”inEnglishand“devet”inSlovenian.Everywordmustbememorizedseparatelyasyoucan’tguessitspronunciationfromthescript-butonecouldsaythesameofEnglishifyouconsiderplough,doughandtough.Meanwhile,dictionarieslistwordsaccordingtostroke(笔画)count.Thesegofromonetoover60strokes.Thearchaiccharacterzhé-whichappropriately,means“verbose”-has64strokes.Andthentherearethepronunciationchallenges.TherearefourtonesinMandarin:highpitch(sayGinamusicalscale),risingpitch(likefromCtoG),falling(fromGtoC)andfallinglowthenrising(CtoBtoG)-andifyouthinkthat’sdifficult,thereareninetonesinCantonese.InMandarin,thereisawholepoem,“TheLion-EatingPoetintheStoneDen”withjustthesyllable“shi”repeated107timesinvarioustones.Inotherwords,ifyouaretone-deafyoumightaswellgiveupnow.32．WhatdoallChinesedialectshaveincommon?A．Theywereinventedbytheemperor.B．Theyhavethesamewritingsystem.C．Theyevolveinthesameway.D．Theyservethesamepurpose.33．Whydoestheauthormentionthesymbol“9”inParagraph4?A．ToprovedifferentpronunciationsofChinesedialectsB．Toindicatethesimilaritiesinalllanguages.C．ToshowthatChineseisanoddlanguage.D．TocompareEnglishwithSlovenian.34．Whatchallengedoestheauthorthinkisdifficulttoovercome?A．Complicatedscriptsandstrokes.B．Differenttypesofcharacters.C．Varioustones.D．Toomanydialects.35．Whatisthemainideaofthispassage?A．Chinesehasdifferentdialects.B．Chineseisverydifficulttolearn.C．Chineseisanever-developinglanguage.D．Chinesesoundslikemusicandpoems.【答案】32．B33．A34．C35．B【解析】本文属于说明文。文章主要讲了汉语是一门特别难学的语言。32．细微环节理解题。依据其次段Theyallshareroughlyoneevolvingwritingsystem,referredtoaswrittenlanguageinventedforadministeringalarge,diverseempire.（它们都有大致相同的书写体系，被称为书写语言，用来管理一个浩大而多样的国度。）由此可知，全部的中国方言的共同之处在于它们有相同的书写体系。故选B。33．推理推断题。依据第四段EachwrittenwordwhenspokenismutuallyincomprehensiblebetweenaMandarinspeakerinBeijingandaCantonesespeakerinHongKong.Ifyouthinkthat’sodd,considerournumbersystem:thesymbol“9”isuniversallyrecognizedbutit’spronounced“nine”inEnglishand“devet”inSlovenian.（在北京说一般话的人和在香港说广东话的人，说出来的每一个字都是彼此无法理解的。假如你觉得这很惊奇，想想我们的数字系统:“9”是公认的符号，但它在英语中发音为“nine”，在斯洛文尼亚语中发音为“devet”。）由此推断出，作者在第四段提到符号“9”，是为了证明汉语方言的不同发音。故选A。34．细微环节理解题。文章最终一段Andthentherearethepronunciationchallenges.TherearefourtonesinMandarin:highpitch(sayGinamusicalscale),risingpitch(likefromCtoG),falling(fromGtoC)andfallinglowthenrising(CtoBtoG)-andifyouthinkthat’sdifficult,thereareninetonesinCantonese.（然后还有发音的挑战。一般话有四个音调:高音(比如音阶中的G)、升音(比如从C到G)、降音(从G到C)、降低音再升音(从C到B到G)——假如你觉得这很难，广东话有九个音调。）以及Inotherwords,ifyouaretone-deafyoumightaswellgiveupnow.（换句话说，假如你是音盲，你最好现在就放弃。）由此可知，作者认为不同的音调的挑战是难以克服的。故选C。35．主旨大意题。作者在第一段就点明白全文主题Chinesetakesapproximately88weeksor2,200hoursrankingtop5alongwithArabic,KoreanandJapanese.（汉语、阿拉伯语、韩语和日语排在前五名须要大约88周(2200小时)的时间。）并且作者在结尾段也对主题做出了呼应，Inotherwords,ifyouaretone-deafyoumightaswellgiveupnow.（换句话说，假如你是音盲，你最好现在就放弃。）结合全文内容，可知这篇文章主要讲了中文很难学。故选B。阅读理解【2025届河南省新乡市高三第三次模拟】Ifyouheartheword“Castle”ortheword“palace”，youmaypicturethesamekindofbuildingforboth：large，madeofstones，probablywithatower.And，ofcourse，you'renotentirelywrong，asthosearefeaturesofbothpalacesandcastles.SothenhaybothertovisitoneroyalbuildingintheUnitedKingdomBuckinghamPalaceandanotherthesamecountryWindsorCastle?Itturnsoutthereisadifference，andyoucanfinditprettyplainlyinthesetwopopularbuildings.TheCaseforCastlesCastleswereresidencesforroyalty.Buttheywerealsointendasdefensiveseats.Sayyou'reakingwhohastakenaparticularareaover.Nowyouhavetoholdit.castleandstaffitwithsoldierstodefendyourconqueredterritoryandensureitremainspartofyourkingdom.CastleswerebuiltthroughoutEuropeandtheMiddleEastprimarilyforprotectionofthekingandhispeople.Somecommonfeaturesofcastlesinclude：●thickwallsandheavygatestokeepinvadersout●protectivelowwallsforarcherstoshootwithcover●hightowersforkeepingalookoutoverthesurrounding●gatehousesforadmittingalliesinsteadofallowingenemiesintothecastleThePlaceforPalacesPalaces，onthecontrary，hadnodefensivepurposes.Theywerefirstmeantforshowingoffthegreatvictoryofthewar.Palaceswerewherethespoils(战利品)ofwarmightbedisplayed,alongwithgrandarchitecture,massivebanquethalls,goldentablesettingsandmaybeevenhundredsofluxuriouslydecoratedrooms.Whilekingscertainlytookupresidenceinpalacesaswellascastles,nonmilitaryroyalsmightalsohavelivedin(orstilllivein)palaces.Ministerscouldliveincastlestoshowthepoweroftheirrichesratherthantheirnonexistentmilitarypower.ThetermcomesfromPalatineHillinRome.1．Whichoftheflowingisonefeatureofcastles?A．Lowtowerssurroundingcastles.B．Defensivelowwallsforshooting.C．Gatehousesallowingenemiesintothecastle.D．Thickwallsandheavygatestolockinvadersin.2．Whywerepalacesfirstbuilt?A．Toaccommodateordinarysoldiers.B．Todefendtheking'sconqueredterritory.C．Toshowofftheartofroyalpainting,D．Todisplayhugesuccessofthewar.3．Whatisthemainpurposeofthenext?A．Tolistthereasonsforkingslivinginpalaces.B．Tomakeacomparisonbetweencastlesandpalaces.C．TotalkaboutThevalueofcastlesinmoderntimes.D．Toshowpalacesaremorepopularthancastles.【答案】1．B2．D3．B【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要通过对比介绍了城堡和宫殿的不同。1．细微环节理解题。依据TheCaseforCastles部分中的“protectivelowwallsforarcherstoshootwithcover”可知，用于射击的防卫性低墙是城堡的特征之一。故选B。2．细微环节理解题。依据ThePlaceforPalaces部分中的“Theywerefirstmeantforshowingoffthegreatvictoryofthewar.”可知，宫殿最初被建是为了炫耀斗争的宏大成功。故选D。3．推理推断题。本文在其次段“Itturnsoutthereisadifference,andyoucanfinditprettyplainlyinthesetwopopularbuildings.”就说明白城堡和宫殿是有区分的。然后分别用两部分TheCaseforCastles和ThePlaceforPalaces具体地介绍了城堡和宫殿的特点。所以可知，本段的写作目的就是为了对城堡和宫殿做一个对比。故选B。AliceisasenioratSunsetHighSchool(SHS)inAmerica.Thekidsinherschoolarelookingforwardtoseniorgraduationandsummervacation.Andtheystilldesiretoliveasignificantlife:doingsomethingworthwhileandmakingadifference.Alice,seniorclasspresident,decidestotakeactionbyorganizingafooddrive.Shealsodecidestoreachouttothecommunityintheneighborhoodforsupport.Shewrote,“Hi!MynameisAliceandI'masenioratSunset!TheSHSstudentgovernmentishostingadriveandcollectingthecannedandboxedfoodforneedyfamilies.Iknowmanystudentsintheslum(贫民窟)arenotabletoaccessregularmealswithoutschool.One-hundredpercentofeverythingdonatedwillgotofamiliesinneed.Soitwouldbeamazingifanybodycoulddonateanyextrafoodandlayitaroundthehouse.Iwouldbesohappytocomebyandpickupanyextrafoodthatanyonehasandjustletmeknow!”Sofar,thecommunityhasmadesome400donations,andAlicehaspickedupeachone.They'releftinbrownpaperbagsaroundtheirhouses,andshehandlesthemwiththelatestgloves.It'sallpackagedfood,andthepackagingiscleanedwithdisinfectedwipes.Alongwiththerestofthestudentunion,whichbrainstormedtheidealastweek,Aliceissettingupdistributioncenterstodispensethefoodinthecitysofamiliescangetwhattheyneed.“Inthecommunity,I'veseensomanypeopleofferingtheirhelp,andI'vepickedupsomanydonationsfromcommunityresidents,”Alicesaid.It'snicetoseepeoplesupportingeachother.Ithinkit'sreallygoodhatwe'rebelongmorecautious,especiallywithinthecommunity,Alicesays.Everyindividualisawareofhowtotakecareofthemselves,theirfamilyandothersthem.Theyjoinhandsmakeabigdifferenceindeed.Witheveryone'sefforts,thedonationworkgoesoneasilyandsmoothlyandmanypoorfamilieshasgothelp.4．WhatdoweknowaboutthestudentsatSHSinthetext?A．They'reeagerforameaningfullife. B．They'vehelpedtobuildacommunity.C．They'vegraduatedfromseniorhighschool. D．They'reforcedtodosomethingworthwhile.5．WhydidAliceorganizethefooddrive?A．Togaingreaterpopularity. B．Togetfoodforfamiliesinneed.C．TosetuptheSHSstudentunion. D．Todonatefoodtothestudentsinherschool.6．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“dispense”inparagraph4probablymean?A．Recycle. B．Handout.C．Gain. D．Chewup.7．Whatcanbeconcludedfromthelastparagraph?A．Eastorwest,homeisbest. B．it'sgoodtolearn此anotherman'scost.C．Actionsspeaklouderthanwords. D．Manyhandsmakeworklight.【答案】4．A5．B6．B7．D【解析】这是一篇记叙文。本文主要讲解并描述的是大四学生Alice为了帮助贫困家庭吃到更好的食物，组织社区的人为他们捐赠食物的故事。4．细微环节理解题。依据第一段中Thekidsinherschoolarelookingforwardtoseniorgraduationandsummervacation.Andtheystilldesiretoliveasignificantlife:doingsomethingworthwhileandmakingadifference.可知她学校的孩子们都在盼望中学毕业和暑假。他们仍旧渴望过一种有意义的生活:做一些有价值的事情，做出变更。由此可知，SHS的学生渴望有意义的生活。故选A。5．推理推断题。依据第三段中One-hundredpercentofeverythingdonatedwillgotofamiliesinneed.可知全部捐赠的东西都会捐给有须要的家庭。由此可推知，Alice为有须要的家庭供应食物而组织了食品运动。故选B。6．词义揣测题。依据上文Alongwiththerestofthestudentunion,whichbrainstormedtheidealastweek,Aliceissettingupdistributioncentersto可知上周对这个想法进行了头脑风暴的学生会的其他成员，Alice正在建立配送中心，在城里分发食物，这样每个家庭都能得到他们须要的东西。结合上文中distribution表示“安排”，由此可知，划线单词意思为“分发”。A.Recycle.回收利用；B.Handout.分发；C.Gain.获得；D.Chewup.嚼碎。故选B。7．推理推断题。依据最终一段中Witheveryone'sefforts,thedonationworkgoesoneasilyandsmoothlyandmanypoorfamilieshasgothelp.可知在大家的努力下，捐款工作进展顺当，很多贫困家庭得到了帮助。由此可推知，最终一段表达了“众人拾柴火焰高（Manyhandsmakeworklight.）”的道理。故选D。OnthelastMondayinMay,peopleintheUnitedStatescelebrateMemorialDay.ThisfederalholidayhonorsmembersoftheAmericanmilitarywhodiedatwar.Schoolsandgovernmentofficesclose.MostpeopleintheUShavethisdayofffromwork.PeoplecelebrateMemorialDaywithoutdoorparades.MostAmericansconsideritthestartofsummerthoughtheseasonreallybeginsinJune.Withsomanypeopleoffwork,MemorialDayhasalsobecomeapopularshoppingday.However,onmostoccasionsMemorialDayisaseriousandevensorrowfulholiday.Thosewhohavelostfamilymembersatwarvisitburialsitestodecoratethegraves.Theyplaceflowers,wreathsandUSflagsonthegraves.MemorialDaycomesfromatraditionthatbeganaftertheUSCivilWarcalledDecorationDay.TheCivilWarwasaverydarktimeintheUShistory.Historianshavelongthoughtthatabout620,000soldiersdiedinthefighting.However,newresearchsuggeststhatthedeadnumberedabout750,000.In1868,about5,000peoplegatheredatArlingtonNationalCemeteryontheedgeofWashington,D．C．Theydecoratedmorethan10,000gravesofUnionandConfederatesoldiers.TheycalleditDecorationDay.boneThetraditionspreadtootherareasofthecountry.In1873,NewYorkStatecalleditMemorialDayandwasthefirsttomakeitalegal-holiday.OtherStatesallowed,butnotall.Somesouthernstateshad(and-stillhave)separatecelebrationsthathonoronlydeadConfederatesoldiers.AfterWorldWarIendedin1918,MemorialDaybecameadaytohonorallAmericansoldierskilledatwar.In1971,CongresspassedalawmakingitanofficialfederalholidayalloverAmerica.8．What'sthepurposeofMemorialDayinAmerica?A．Tomarkthestartofsummer. B．Toletpeopleenjoythemselves.C．Toshowrespecttodeadsoldiers. D．Tosetaholidaytoencouragesoldiers.9．What'stheatmosphereofAmericanMemorialDaylikeonmostoccasions?A．Sad. B．Casual.C．Pleasant. D．Relaxing.10．WhendidMemorialCasual,becomealegalholidaythroughouttheUS?A．In1971. B．In1873.C．In1918. D．In1868.11．Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A．CelebrationActivitiesofMemorialDayintheUSB．TheProspectofAmericanMemorialDayC．MembersHonoredonAmericanMemorialDayD．TheEvolutiononMemorialDayintheUS【答案】8．C9．A10．A11．D【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了美国阵亡将士纪念日的历史演化过程。8．细微环节理解题。依据第一段中ThisfederalholidayhonorsmembersoftheAmericanmilitarywhodiedatwar.可知，这个联邦节日是为了纪念在斗争中牺牲的美国军人。由此可知，美国阵亡将士纪念日的目的是表示对死去的士兵的敬重。故选C。9．细微环节理解题。依据其次段中However,onmostoccasionsMemorialDayisaseriousandevensorrowfulholiday.可知，然而，在大多数状况下，阵亡将士纪念日是一个肃穆甚至哀痛的节日。由此可知，美国阵亡将士纪念日的气氛是哀痛的。故选A。10．细微环节理解题。依据最终一段中In1971,CongresspassedalawmakingitanofficialfederalholidayalloverAmerica.可知，1971年，国会通过了一项法律，将美国阵亡将士纪念日定为全美的官方节日。由此可知，美国阵亡将士纪念日是在1971年成为美国的法定假日的。故选A。11．主旨大意题。依据第三段中MemorialDaycomesfromatraditionthatbeganaftertheUSCivilWarcalledDecorationDay.可知，阵亡将士纪念日起源于美国内战后的一个传统，称为“装饰日”。结合文章主要介绍了美国阵亡将士纪念日的历史演化过程。由此可知，D选项“美国阵亡将士纪念日的演化”最符合文章标题。故选D。Theotherday,Iboughtanexpensiveanti-agingcreamthatpromisedtomakemyfacelookseveralyearsyoungerthatotherwomenbyfightingfreeradicals.Itmademecuriousaboutwhatfreeradicalsares.Istheanti-agingcreamtheonlywayIneedtoprotectmyself?“Asascientificterm,freeradicalsareessentiallyunstableatoms,“saysArizona-baseddoctor,NatashaBhuyan,M.D．“Inmedicine,theycausecellstobreakdownovertimeandarelinkedtoaging.”Asupersimplechemistryreviewforyou:Atomsfromdifferentelementsarethebuildingblocksthatmakeupwater,nitrogenandmore.Electrons(电子)arethenegativelychargedatoms,andtheyliketobeinpairs.Whenanelectronlosesitspartner,itcreatesafreeradical,whichisusuallyunstableandhighlyreactive.Freeradicalstypicallygothroughthebodytoseekoutareplacementfortheirmissingelectron,andthatcanresultindamagetocells,proteinsandDNA．Sohowdofreeradicalsformandwhydotheyhappen?Bhuyansays,“Scientifically,freeradicalsareunpairedelectronsthatareseekingamatetobondwith.Thetheorybehindfreeradicalsisthattheycanleadtotheimbalancebetweenfreeradicalsandantioxidants(抗氧化剂).”Anothermini-sciencelessonforyou:Antioxidantsarenaturalormanmademattersthatcanhelpdelayorpreventsometypesofcelldamage.They’reoftenfoundinfruitsandvegetables.Alotoftheaspectsofmodernlife—ourdiet,lifestyleandenvironmentalfactorslikepollution,cancauseoxidativestress.Overtime,oxidativestressweakenscellandtissuesandcanleaveyoumoreeasilytocertainhealthissuesincludingcancer.And,asbeautymarketersarekeenlyaware,oxidativestresscanalsospeeduptheagingprocess.Nowthatyourknowfreeradicalscanweakonyourhealth,you’reprobablywonderingifthereareanywaystopreventthemfromformingoratleasttominimizetheirnegativeeffects.12．Whatdoestheauthorintendtodoinparagraph1?A．Explaintheprocessofaging. B．Statetheformationoffreeradicals.C．Introducethetopicoffreeradicals. D．Describetheharmofantiagingcream.13．Whichofthefollowingdofreeradicalsreferto?A．Unpairedelectrons. B．Steadyatoms.C．Replacementsofatoms. D．Functionsofelectrons.14．Whatcanwelearnaboutantioxidantsfromthetext?A．Theyhaveneverbeenfoundinnature.B．Theydoharmtocells,proteinsandDNA．C．Theycanslowdownthedamageofsomecells.D．Theyalwayskeepbalancewithfreeradical.15．Whatwilltheauthorprobablytellusnext?A．Whatexactlyoxidativestressis. B．Howbeautymarketerspromotesales.C．Whereavarietyofdiseasescomefrom. D．Whetherfreeradicalscanbeprevented.【答案】12．C13．A14．C15．D【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了自由基是怎样形成的和自由基是怎样影响人的身体的。12．推理推断题。依据第一段Theotherday,Iboughtanexpensiveanti-agingcreamthatpromisedtomakemyfacelookseveralyearsyoungerthatotherwomenbyfightingfreeradicals.Itmademecuriousaboutwhatfreeradicalsares.Istheanti-agingcreamtheonlywayIneedtoprotectmyself?可知，前几天，我买了一款昂贵的抗苍老面霜，据说它能对抗自