2024高考英语二轮复习专题1第2部分第1讲名词专题训练含解析

PAGE名词专题训练对应学生用书P013Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．(2024·全国卷Ⅰ)Thistrend，whichwasstartedbythemedicalcommunity(医学界)asamethodoffightingheartdisease，hashadsomeunintendedside________(effect)suchasoverweightandheartdisease.解析依据空格前的修饰语定答案。分析语境可知，作者表达的意思是“一些意料之外的副作用”，依据前文的some可知副作用有许多，故填effects。答案effects2．Butwithoutsunlightandgoodsoil，soontheleavesbegantofalldownandthe________(branch)begantodry.解析由空前的the可知，此处应用名词形式，且依据常识可知，树上不止一根树枝，而branch是可数名词，故填branches。答案branches3．“Alaya，youdon'thavetodothisifyoudon'twantto.Nobodyisforcingyou.”ThoughIsaidIwasn'tgoingtodoit，my________(foot)carriedmetowardthepool.解析foot是可数名词，且其前没有冠词修饰，故用复数形式。答案feet4．Thelittleboyatesomany________(potato)andsomuchmeatthathethrewupatdawn.解析potato前有many修饰，故用名词的复数形式。答案potatoes5．Thebloodonhisshoesandthefingerprintonthescenewere________(proof)ofhisguilt.解析句意为：他鞋上的血迹和现场的指纹是他犯罪的证据。依据句意，再结合空格前的系动词were，依据主谓一样原则，确定用复数形式。答案proofs6．DeLomesupervisedtheprojectfromthe________(begin)totheend.Hesaysthespecializedrequirementsofrobotweredemanding.解析句意为：德洛姆从头至尾监督了这项工程。设空前为定冠词the，因此应用名词，依据句意应填beginning。fromthebeginningtotheend意为“从起先到结束”。答案beginning7．“Themostefficientwayistodecreasethelocalpopulationtoreducethe________(possible)ofcausingharmtotheheritage，”Wangsaid.解析前有定冠词the修饰，所以用名词形式。答案possibility8．Thebookgivesadetailed________(explain)oftheorigin,theprocessingskillsandtheclassificationoftea.解析依据空格前的不定冠词a以及形容词detailed可知，空格处被不定冠词和形容词修饰，故用explain的名词形式。答案explanation9．BuckinghamPalaceisagreattourist________(attract)，drawingmillionsofvisitorseveryyear.解析句意为：白金汉宫是一个闻名的旅游景点，每年都吸引上百万游客前去参观。touristattraction“旅游景点”，是固定短语。答案attraction10．Therearemanystudentslivingatschool;the________(child)housesareallfarfromschool.解析由students可以推断出横线处应填复数，且作houses的定语，所以应用其全部格形式，故答案为children's。答案children'sⅡ.单句改错(每小题仅有1处错误)1．Momhasafull­timejob,butshehastodomostofthehouseworks.________________解析housework为不行数名词，没有复数形式。故将houseworks改为housework。答案houseworks→housework2．WhenIwasaveryyoungchildren，myfathercreatedaregularpracticeIrememberwellyearslater.________________解析依据语境可知，此处表示当“我”还是一个特别小的孩子时。由主语I及冠词a都能看出，表语的中心词应用单数名词child。aregularpractice“常常性的练习”。答案children→child3．Althoughthebedwasbrokenintopiece，themanwassurprisinglyunhurt.________________解析固定搭配breaksth.intopieces意为“把某物打破成碎片”，故用名词复数形式。答案piece→pieces4．Ilikedtheairstherebecauseitwasfreshandclean.________________解析air在此处表示“空气”，是不行数名词，没有复数形式。答案airs→air5．Consideringmycase，myteacherofferedmeseveraldetailedapproachandadvisedmetosetashort­termgoaltoimprovemymath.________________解析approach作“方法”讲时，是可数名词；由前面的several可知，应用复数形式。答案approach→approaches6．(2024·全国卷Ⅰ)LastwinterwhenIwentthereagain，theyhadabigseparatehousetoraisedozensofchicken.________________解析dozensof后面应用chicken的复数形式。答案chicken→chickens7．Recently，afamousbasketballplayerhascausedpublicangrybywritingontheGreatWall.________________解析形容词public修饰名词，故其后应用名词形式。答案angry→anger8．However，asforWilliamandKate，thedecidetodressGeorgeinshortsismorelikelydowntothetraditionthanaclassissue.________________解析前有定冠词the修饰，应用名词形式。答案decide→decision9．Hehasfinishedadaywork.________________解析此处作定语，表示时间的长短，应用名词的全部格。答案day→day's10．Hesenthisdaughtertoagirl'shighschool.________________解析“女子中学”是agirls'highschool。答案girl's→girls'Ⅲ.语法填空AyoungmaninWuhan，HubeiProvincehasbecomethelatestInternetsensationafteravideoshowinghisheart­warmingactonasubwaytrainwentviralonsocial1.________(medium)recently.Inthevideo，themancanbeseenholdinghismobilephoneinhishandafterfallingasleeponaMetro，withamessageinlargefont(大字体)onthescreenwhichreads，“Pleasewakemeifyouneedmyseat.”ThevideowasrecordedbyafellowpassengerwhoposteditonWeibo.Thevideo,whose2.________(long)wasjustsevenseconds，hasbeenviewedmorethan19million3.________(time)injusttwodays.Chinesenetizensweregreatlytouchedbytheyoung4.________(man)actandgreetedhimwithastormof5.________(applaud)forhiskind6.________(behave).Aweb7.________(use)evencommented，“Ionlyneededseven8.________(second)tofallin9.________withthisyoungman.”Thehumblemanrefusedaninterview10.________(invite)afterbecominganInternetstarandsaidthathejustdidwhathefeltheshould.InaWeibopost,hethankednetizensfortheirloveandpraise.Hesaidhewouldalwaysfallasleepwhenhehadnothingtodoonthetrainbutworriedothersmayneedtheseat，sohegottheideaofmakingamessageonhisphonescreen.1．________2.________3.________4．________5.________6.________7．________8.________9.________10．________答案与解析【语篇解读】文章介绍了一段感人的视频。武汉的一位年轻男子在坐地铁的时候，在睡着后，手里拿个手机，手机屏幕上写着：假如你须要座位叫醒我。视频在社交媒体上快速走红。1．media考查名词的单复数。泛指各种媒体，用复数形式。2．length考查词性转换。前有作定语的关系代词whose修饰，表示video的长度，用名词形式。3．times考查名词的单复数。time在这里为可数名词，意为“次数”。前有19million修饰，故用复数形式。4．man's考查名词的全部格。作定语修饰act，用全部格。句意：中国的网民被这位小伙子的行为深深地打动，并对他的这个善举报以热情的掌声。5．applause考查词性转换。空格所填词和前面的of一起构成of全部格形式，修饰前面的名词storm作定语。所以用名词形式。6．behavio(u)r考查词性转换。前有“hiskind(他和善的)”作定语修饰，指他和善的行为，故填名词形式。7．user考查词性转换。由语境和句子结构可知，该空作主语，意为“用户”。句意为：一位微博用户甚至评论道：我只要七秒就爱上了这个年轻人。8．seconds考查名词的单复数。second在此用作名词，意为“秒”，是可数名词，前有数词seven修饰，用复数形式。9．love考查固定搭配。fallinlovewith为固定搭配，意为“喜爱上；爱上”。10．invitation考查词性转换。这里指的是采访邀请，用名词形式，前有an修饰，用单数形式。Ⅳ.短文改错Nowadaysmanypeoplepayavisitbeautifulmountainsandrivers.Theyenjoythemselvesduringtheirholiday.Andsomeplacesofinteresthasbeenpolluted.IsawsomebadphenomenawhileIwastravellingthisyear.Manybeautifulspotswerecoveredwithrubbishleavebytourists,ofwhosomewerewelldressed.Sometouristswhodroveexpensivecarsthrowwasteoutofhiscars.Thesephenomenaburdencleaners.Evenchildknowweshouldprotecttheenvironment.Unfortunate,someadultsdon'tknowit.Eachofusshouldlovethenatureandprotecttheenvironmentinwhichwelive.答案与解析Nowadaysmanypeoplepayavisiteq\o(∧,\s\do14(①to))beautifulmountainsandrivers.Theyenjoythemselvesduringtheirholiday.eq\o(And,\s\do14(②But))someplacesofinteresteq\o(has,\s\do14(③have))beenpolluted.IsawsomebadphenomenawhileIwastravellingthisyear.Manybeautifulspotswerecoveredwithrubbisheq\o(leave,\s\do14(④left))bytourists,ofeq\o(who,\s\do14(⑤whom))somewerewelldressed.Sometouristswhodroveexpensivecarseq\o(throw,\s\do14(⑥threw))wasteoutofeq\o(his,\s\do14(⑦their))cars.Thesephenomenaburdencleaners.Eveneq\o(child,\s\do14(⑧children))