安徽省皖南八校2024-2025学年高三上学期第一次大联考英语试题（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1安徽省皖南八校2024-2025学年高三上学期第一次大联考英语试题第一部分听力(略)第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AFourBeautifulResortsattheEastCoastofSriLankaAurugamBayBasedonthesandsofPottuvil,thebestcabanahideawayistheJetwingSurf.Youcanfindavarietyofactivities,suchasplayingwatervolleyball,boatsalaris(游猎)inPottuvillagoon(环礁湖)andUraniriver,cookerydemonstrations,joiningfishingwithlocals,alsoyoucanvisitgaloya,LahugalaandKumananationalparkswhicharerichinbio-diversity.WildGlampingGalOyaWiththemainthemeofofferingyouthecomfortofnature,youareblessedwiththerarechanceofexperiencingtheorganicfarmingandcultureofSriLanka.Also,youarejuststepsawayfromhavingthebestculturalexperiencewiththeancienttribeVeddas—SriLanka’sindigenous(本地的)population.MaaluResort&SpaYoufindMaaluResort&SparightonPasikudaBeach,whichholdsaseriesoflowbuildingswithroofsbuiltwiththeinspirationoftraditionalfishingvillage,alsoknownaswaadiya.Someofthehouseshavepoolsandsteamroomsforkids.KalkudahBeachBeingtheonlyresortattheKalkudahbeach,withcalm-horizonviewsandpalmlandsstandstheluxurious17tentedsuitesofKarpahaSands.Toawakenyoursouls,youcanbatheinthewarmocean,ridebikestoexploretheareawhichisreallybreathtaking,enjoythewonderfulrelaxationattwin-roomedspa,gokayakingandjetskiing,evenenjoyacookingsessionwiththechefs.AllofSrilankabesthostelsarepopular,especiallyinhigh-season.Tomakesureyouendupinthosestylishandgoodhotels,secureyourroom/bedassoonasyouhaveyourtraveldatesfixed.1.Whichplaceismorechild-friendly?A.AurugamBay. B.WildGlampingGalOya.C.MaaluResort&Spa. D.KalkudahBeach.2.WhatdoAurugamBayandKalkudahBeachhaveincommon?A.Theybothholdcookingcontests. B.Theybothhavewildlifeparks.C.Theybothofferwatersports. D.Theybothprovideprivatechefs.3.Whatarevisitorsadvisedtodo?A.Buytravelinsuranceforfree. B.Haveanyactivitiesindryseason.C.SwimanddiveinJanuary. D.Reservearoominadvance.【答案】1.C2.C3.D【语篇解读】这是一篇应用文。文章是关于斯里兰卡东海岸四个美丽度假村的介绍。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据MaaluResort&.Spa部分的“Someofthehouseshavepoolsandsteamroomsforkids.(一些房子有供孩子们使用的游泳池和蒸汽浴室。)”可知，MaaluResort&Spa有供孩子们使用的设施，因此选项C“MaaluResort&Spa”更适合儿童。故选C。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据AurugamBay部分中的“Youcanfindavarietyofactivities,suchasplayingwatervolleyball,boatsafarisinPottuvillagoonandUraniriver,cookerydemonstrations...(你可以找到各种各样的活动，比如在水上打排球、在波杜维尔泻湖和乌拉尼河进行乘船探险、烹饪演示……)”和KalkudahBeach部分中的“...enjoythewonderfulrelaxationattwin-roomedspa,gokayakingandjetskiing,evenenjoyacookingsessionwiththechefs(……在双人水疗室享受绝佳的放松体验，去划皮划艇和喷射快艇，甚至还可以和大厨一起享受烹饪的乐趣。)”可知，这两个地方都提供水上运动是它们的共同点。故选C。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“Tomakesureyouendupinthosestylishandgoodhotels,secureyourroom/bedassoonasyouhaveyourtraveldatesfixed.(为了确保你能住在那些时尚且优质的酒店里，一旦你确定了旅行日期，就立即预订你的房间/床位。)”可知，建议游客提前预订房间。故选D。BAteacherteachesstay-at-homemothershowtomakecakesatavocationalschoolinChangledistrict,Fuzhou,capitalofsoutheastChina’sFujianProvince.Jobstailoredformotherswhoarestillofworkingageandhavechildrenaged12andbelowarehelpingthemovercomere-employmentdifficultiestosomeextentandstrikeabalancebetweenworkandtakingcareoftheirkids.Thisisanemploymentmodelthathasbeenwidelypopularwithstay-at-homemothersacrossChina.PiRongjie,whosechildis4yearsold,worksforanLEDfactorynearherchild’skindergarteninJing’ancounty,Yichuncity,eastChina’sJiangxiProvince.Unlikehercolleaguesonthecompany’sotherproductionlines,mothersworkingunderthismodelincludingPicanclockinhalfanhourlaterandfinishadaybetween5p.m.and6p.m.Inadditiontoprovidingflexibleworkinghours,someregionsareoptimizing(优化)theworkingenvironmentandmodeltobetterhelpyoungmothersthroughmeasuressuchasallowingthemtotaketheirchildrentotheworkplaceandsettingupcommunity-basedworkshopsforthem.Moreover,organizationssuchaswomen’sfederationsshouldkeepclosecontactwithmothersworkingunderthismodel,safeguardtheirlegitimate(合法的)rightsandinterests,listentotheviewsofemployers,andimprovemechanismsforlabordisputemediation(调解)toensurethehealthydevelopmentofthisflexibleemploymentmodel.Meanwhile,thedevelopmentofsomenewbusinessmodelsinChinasuchaslivestreaminge-commercehasbroughtmoreoptionsformothersseekingflexibleemployment.Forexample,positionsformothersincludingoperationalstaff,livestreamers,andcustomerservicestaffallowthemtoworkfromhome.4.WhatisthepurposeofParagraph1?A.Tostresstheimportanceofteachers. B.Tostatetheprocessoftheteaching.C.Togiveanexampleofthejobmodel. D.Tointroducethetopicofthetext.5.Whatdoestheunderlinedwords“clockin”inParagraph3referto?A.gettingtowork. B.workingovertime. C.settingtheclock. D.checkingin.6.Whatisstressedinthelastbutoneparagraph?A.Opinionssomeregionsandorganizationsshare.B.Workingenvironmentsomeplacesareoptimizing.C.Measurestakentopromotetheemploymentmodel.D.Benefitsstay-at-homemothersacrossChinaenjoy.7.Whatmighttheauthorcontinuetalkingabout?A.JobstailoredformotherspopularinChina. B.Otherexamplesofflexiblejobsformothers.C.Differentcommentsmadeonlivestreaming. D.Theachievementsmadebythee-commerce.【答案】4.D5.A6.C7.B【语篇解读】本文是说明文。文章讲述了帮助在家带娃的妈妈再就业。【4题详解】推理判断题。第一段“Ateacherteachesstay-at-homemothershowtomakecakesatavocationalschoolinChangledistrict,Fuzhou,capitalofsoutheastChina’sFujianProvince.(在中国东南部福建省省会福州市长乐区的一所职业学校，一名老师正在教全职妈妈们如何做蛋糕。)”中描写的场景是为了引出文章的主题“帮助在家带娃的妈妈再就业”。故选D。【5题详解】词义猜测题。根据第三段中的“mothersworkingunderthismodelincludingPicanclockinhalfanhourlaterandfinishadaybetween5p.m.and6p.m.(在这种模式下工作的母亲们，包括皮，可以晚半小时clockin，在下午5点到下午6点之间完成一天的工作。)”和第四段“flexibleemploymentmodel(灵活就业模式)”可推知，clockin是“上班打卡”的意思。故选A。【6题详解】主旨大意题。根据倒数第二段“Inadditiontoprovidingflexibleworkinghours,someregionsareoptimizing(优化)theworkingenvironmentandmodeltobetterhelpyoungmothersthroughmeasuressuchasallowingthemtotaketheirchildrentotheworkplaceandsettingupcommunity-basedworkshopsforthem.Moreover,organizationssuchaswomen’sfederationsshouldkeepclosecontactwithmothersworkingunderthismodel,safeguardtheirlegitimate(合法的)rightsandinterests,listentotheviewsofemployers,andimprovemechanismsforlabordisputemediation(调解)toensurethehealthydevelopmentofthisflexibleemploymentmodel.(除了提供灵活的工作时间外，一些地区正在优化工作环境和模式，通过允许年轻母亲带孩子去工作场所和为她们设立社区讲习班等措施，更好地帮助年轻母亲。此外，妇联等组织应密切联系灵活就业模式下的母亲，维护其合法权益，听取用人单位意见，完善劳动争议调解机制，确保灵活就业模式的健康发展。)”可知，本段主要提及推动这种就业模式所采取的措施。故选C。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Meanwhile,thedevelopmentofsomenewbusinessmodelsinChinasuchaslivestreaminge-commercehasbroughtmoreoptionsformothersseekingflexibleemployment.Forexample,positionsformothersincludingoperationalstaff,livestreamers,andcustomerservicestaffallowthemtoworkfromhome.(与此同时，中国一些新商业模式的发展，如直播电子商务，为寻求灵活就业的妈妈们带来了更多选择。例如，包括运营人员、直播员和客户服务人员在内的母亲职位允许她们在家工作。)”可知，接下来作者会谈论其它的灵活就业岗位的例子。故选B。CFireseasonisapproachinginthemassiveYukonFlatsNationalWildlifeRefugeineastAlaska,wherefireshavelongbeenallowedtoburnuncheckedunlesstheythreatenhumanlifeandproperty.Butasclimatechangeincreasesthefrequencyofthesefires,theland’soverseers(监督者)arechangingcourse.Workingwithscientists,refugemanagershavedesignedapilotprogrammetosendexperiencedfirefightingteamsintoremoteareastoprotectnotpeoplebutpermafrost(永久冻土).TheforestsoftheDenmark-sizedrefugecoveradeeplayerofpermafrost—frozengroundthatholdsenormousquantitiesofcarbonacrosstheNorthernHemisphere.Afterfiresremovevegetationandsoils,however,thatfrozengroundoftenbeginstomelt,releasingitsstoresofcarbondioxide(CO2)andothergreenhousegasesintotheatmosphere.Newresearchsuggeststhattheresultingemissions,fromboththefiresthemselvesandthesubsequentpermafrostmelt,couldbeequaltothoseofamajorglobaleconomyoverthecourseofthiscentury.Thiscouldeffectivelyreducebyupto20%theamountofcarbondioxidethathumanitycanemitandstillmeetitsgoaloflimitingglobalwarmingto1.5℃abovepreindustriallevels.Ariseinfirefrequencycanhavecascadingeffects(级联效应)ontheecosystem.Historically,northernforestshaveburntonceevery70-120years,whichgivestheblack-spruce(黑云杉)forestthatdominatestheecosystemenoughtimetoregenerateandrebuildcarboninthesoil.More-frequentfirescanburn‘legacy’carbonthathasaccumulatedovercenturiesandcanalsokillofftheblackspruce.Thatprovidesanopeningforleafydeciduous(落叶的)trees,whichdonotpromotethekindofcarbon-richsoilsthatseparatepermafrost.Firecontrolcouldhelptoputoffsomeoftheseeffects,buyinghumanitytimetoaddresstheclimatecrisis.Itcouldbeafewdecadesbeforescientistscandeterminewhethertheeffortpaysoff,butwehavetotry.8.Howdidtherefugeauthoritiesdealwithfiresinthepast?A.Theydroppedfirefightersbyparachute. B.Theytooknomeasuresiftherewasnothreat.C.Theyprotectedpermafrostratherthanpeople. D.Theysentwell-trainedpilotstoremoteareas.9.WhatareParagraphs2and3mainlyabout?A.Theeffectoffiresonpermafrost. B.Thenumbersofcarbonemissions.C.Theadvanceofglobaleconomy. D.Thetendencyofglobalwarming.10.Whichisnotmentionedconcerningthecascadingeffects?A.Moreemissionsofgreenhousegas. B.Moredestructionofblackspruce.C.Theriseofleafydeciduoustrees. D.Theincreaseincarbon-richsoils.11.Whatdoestheauthorimplyinthelastparagraph?A.Addressingtheclimatecrisisiscreditedtofirefightingteams.B.Itisnogoodchangingthelong-standingfirecontrolpolicies.C.There’sstillalongwaytogobeforeaddressingclimatecrisis.D.Oureffortwilldefinitelypayoffifweprotectthepermafrost.【答案】8.B9.A10.D11.C【语篇解读】本文的体裁是说明文。文章主要介绍了阿拉斯加尤康平原国家野生动物保护区应对火灾的新策略，以及火灾对永久冻土和碳排放的影响。【8题详解】细节理解题。由文章第一段中“FireseasonisapproachinginthemassiveYukonFlatsNationalWildlifeRefugeineastAlaska,wherefireshavelongbeenallowedtoburnuncheckedunlesstheythreatenhumanlifeandproperty.(阿拉斯加东部大面积的育空平原国家野生动物保护区的火灾季节即将来临，长期以来，除非威胁到人类生命和财产，否则火灾一直被允许不受控制地燃烧)”可知，在过去，如果火灾不威胁人类生命和财产，避难当局就不采取任何行动。故选B。【9题详解】主旨大意题。由文章第二段“TheforestsoftheDenmark-sizedrefugecoveradeeplayerofpermafrost—frozengroundthatholdsenormousquantitiesofcarbonacrosstheNorthernHemisphere.Afterfiresremovevegetationandsoils,however,thatfrozengroundoftenbeginstomelt,releasingitsstoresofcarbondioxide(CO2)andothergreenhousegasesintotheatmosphere.(这个丹麦大小的保护区的森林覆盖着一层很深的永久冻土层——整个北半球都储存着大量的碳。然而，在火灾带走植被和土壤之后，冻土往往开始融化，将其储存的二氧化碳和其他温室气体释放到大气中)”和第三段中“Newresearchsuggeststhattheresultingemissions,fromboththefiresthemselvesandthesubsequentpermafrostmelt,couldbeequaltothoseofamajorglobaleconomyoverthecourseofthiscentury.(新的研究表明，火灾本身及其随后的永久冻土融化所导致的排放量，在本世纪内可能相当于一个主要全球经济体的排放量)”可知，这两段主要讨论了火灾对永久冻土的影响。故选A。【10题详解】细节理解题。由文章第四段“Ariseinfirefrequencycanhavecascadingeffects(级联效应)ontheecosystem.Historically,northernforestshaveburntonceevery70-120years,whichgivestheblack-spruce(黑云杉)forestthatdominatestheecosystemenoughtimetoregenerateandrebuildcarboninthesoil.More-frequentfirescanburn‘legacy’carbonthathasaccumulatedovercenturiesandcanalsokillofftheblackspruce.Thatprovidesanopeningforleafydeciduous(落叶的)trees,whichdonotpromotethekindofcarbon-richsoilsthatseparatepermafrost.(火灾频率的上升会对生态系统产生级联效应。历史上，北部森林每70至120年才会发生一次火灾，这给了以黑云杉为主的生态系统足够的时间来恢复和重建土壤中的碳。更加频繁的火灾会烧毁数百年积累下来的“遗产”碳，还会杀死黑云杉。这为落叶树的生长提供了机会，而落叶树并不会促进那种能够隔离永久冻土的富含碳的土壤的形成)”可知，“级联效应”中包含黑云杉的破坏、落叶树的增多。由第二段中“Afterfiresremovevegetationandsoils,however,thatfrozengroundoftenbeginstomelt,releasingitsstoresofcarbondioxide(CO2)andothergreenhousegasesintotheatmosphere.(然而，在火灾带走植被和土壤之后，冻土往往开始融化，将其储存的二氧化碳和其他温室气体释放到大气中)”可知，火灾移除植被和土壤后，冻土开始融化，释放出其储存的二氧化碳和其他温室气体到大气中。这实际上是在描述火灾（以及随后的冻土融化）导致的温室气体排放量增加，尽管没有直接用“级联效应”来标签这一过程，但这个后果是火灾频率增加后可能产生的一系列影响之一。“级联效应”中并未提到增加富含碳的土壤。故选D。【11题详解】推理判断题。由文章最后一段中“Firecontrolcouldhelptoputoffsomeoftheseeffects,buyinghumanitytimetoaddresstheclimatecrisis.Itcouldbeafewdecadesbeforescientistscandeterminewhethertheeffortpaysoff,butwehavetotry.(控制火灾可以帮助延缓其中一些影响，为人类解决气候危机赢得时间。科学家们可能需要几十年的时间才能确定这些努力是否有回报，但我们必须尝试)”可知，作者认为解决气候危机还有很长的路要走。故选C。DAnewcenterattheStanfordSchoolofEngineeringwillfundartificialintelligenceintheserviceofspacescience,exploration,andbusiness.TheCenterforAEroSpaceAutonomyResearch,orCAESAR,aimstomaketheseactivitiesmoreefficient,safe,andsustainable.ResearchersatthecentersaythatAIcouldoptimizenavigationforspacecraft,skillfullylandspacevehiclesonplanetsorasteroids(小行星),allowunmannedroverstomakedecisionsaboutwheretogo,whattoavoid,andwhattoanalyze,keeptabsonallthespacejunk(some60,000pieces,atlastcount)spinningaroundEarth,andmuchmore.Toenablesuchambitions,MarcoPavone,CAESARco-founderandassociateprofessorofaeronauticsandastronautics,announcedthatoneofthecenter’smainprojectswillbetodevelopafoundationmodelforspacepursuits.Afoundationmodelisakindofgeneral-purposeAIthat’strainedonhugeamountsofdataandcanhandleavarietyoftasks,likegeneratingtext,images,andevenvideos.“Thisspacefoundationmodel,”Pavonesaid,“willbedesignedtosynthesize(合成)informationacrossarangeofmodalities,includingvision,text,remotesensing(suchasmultispectralimageryandradar),andspace-objectcatalogs,andwillbecapableofaddressingavarietyofspace-relatedtasks,includingsituationalawareness,positioning,andnavigation.”SimoneD’Amico,CAESARco-founderandassociateprofessorofaeronauticsandastronautics,madeitclearthathe,Pavone,andtheircolleaguesplantoproceedcautiously,witheyeswideopentothepotentialpitfalls(隐患)ofpursuingAIforspacecraftandrobots.Hesaidthatinsomecases,AIcomponentsarenotthemosteffectivechoiceforspacesystems.“WefoundedCAESARwiththeobjectivetotackleunsolvedproblemsinspaceborneautonomythroughthewiseincorporation(合并)ofartificialintelligencecomponents,”D’Amicosaid.Thoughthespacefoundationmodelwillbeagamechanger,D’Amicoalsonotedtherestrictionsspaceimposesonthestartuptechnology.Forexample,spaceisadifficult,remoteenvironmentthat’snotreadilyavailableforAItraining,andpowerfulmicroprocessorsneededforAIarestillnotflexibletospaceradiation.12.WhatareCAESARintendedfor?A.Clearingupthespacejunk. B.DoingspaceactivitiesbyAI.C.Navigatingplanetsandasteroids. D.Raisingspace-relatedfund.13.WhatisoneofCAESAR’smainpursuitsaccordingtothetext?A.Todevelopafoundationmodeltohelpdealwithdifferentmissions.B.Toadopttheoff-the-beaten-trackincorporationofAIsets.C.Toprovideonce-and-for-allsolutionstospaceproblems.D.ToaddresspotentialpitfallsofAIusedinspaceexploration.14.WhatisD’Amico’sattitudetowardsCAESAR?A.Cautious. B.Unclear. C.Doubtful. D.Disapproving.15.Whatisasuitabletitleforthetext?A.CAESAR’sExplorationinAsteroids B.CAESAR’sSuccessinEngineeringC.CAESAR’sAttemptwithSpace-relatedAI D.CAESAR’sRestrictionsonRobots【答案】12.B13.A14.A15.C【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了斯坦福工程学院新成立的空间自主研究中心（CAESAR）的情况，包括其成立目的、主要研究方向以及面临的挑战，尤其是CAESAR在太空相关的人工智能方面的尝试。【12题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第一段“AnewcenterattheStanfordSchoolofEngineeringwillfundartificialintelligenceintheserviceofspacescience,exploration,andbusiness.TheCenterforAEroSpaceAutonomyResearch,orCAESAR,aimstomaketheseactivitiesmoreefficient,safe,andsustainable.(斯坦福工程学院的一个新中心将为服务于太空科学、探索和商业的人工智能提供资金。航空航天自主研究中心（CAESAR）旨在使这些活动更加高效、安全和可持续。)”可知，CAESAR的目的是用人工智能进行太空活动。故选B。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第三段“MarcoPavone,CAESARco-founderandassociateprofessorofaeronauticsandastronautics,announcedthatoneofthecenter’smainprojectswillbetodevelopafoundationmodelforspacepursuits.(CAESAR联合创始人、航空航天学副教授马可·帕沃内宣布，该中心的主要项目之一是为太空探索开发一个基础模型。)”可知，CAESAR的主要追求之一是开发一个基础模型来帮助处理不同的任务。故选A。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第四段“SimoneD’Amico,CAESARco-founderandassociateprofessorofaeronauticsandastronautics,madeitclearthathe,Pavone,andtheircolleaguesplantoproceedcautiously,witheyeswideopentothepotentialpitfalls(隐患)ofpursuingAIforspacecraftandrobots.(CAESAR联合创始人、航空航天学副教授西蒙·达米科明确表示，他、帕沃内和他们的同事计划谨慎行事，睁大眼睛注意在太空飞船和机器人上应用人工智能的潜在隐患。)”可知，D’Amico对CAESAR的态度是谨慎的。故选A。【15题详解】主旨大意题。文章主要介绍了斯坦福工程学院新成立的空间自主研究中心（CAESAR）的情况，包括其成立目的、主要研究方向以及面临的挑战，尤其是CAESAR在太空相关的人工智能方面的尝试，因此选项C“CAESAR在太空相关人工智能方面的尝试”作为标题最符合文章主旨。故选C。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Collegeadmissionsexpertsoffertipsonhowtowriteacollegeessay.Forcollegeapplicants,theessayistheplacetoshowcasetheirwritingskillsandlettheiruniquevoiceshinethrough.___16___GettingStartedontheCollegeEssayAgoodtimeforstudentstobeginworkingontheiressaysisthesummerbeforesenioryear,whenhomeworkandextracurricularactivitiesaren’ttakinguptimeandenergy.___17___Studentscangoonlinetoreviewessayrequirements,suchaswordlimitsandessaytopics.ManystudentsmaystartwiththeCommonApp,anapplicationplatformacceptedbymorethan1,000schools.HowLongShouldaCollegeEssayBe?___18___“Whilewewon’tstopreadingafter650words,wecannotpromisethatanoverlywordyessaywillholdourattentionforaslongasyou’dhoped,”theCommonAppstates.___19___Themostdiscouragingstepintheessaywritingprocessisfiguringoutwhattowriteabout.Thereareseveraltopicstochoose.Theessayisn’tacompleteautobiography.It’soverwhelmingtothinkofputtingyourwholelifeinoneessay.Rather,studentsshouldnarrowtheirfocusandwriteaboutaspecificexperienceorhobbythatrevealssomethingpersonal,likehowtheythink,whattheyvalueorwhattheirstrengthsare.Studentscanalsowriteaboutsomethingthatillustratesanaspectoftheirbackground.___20___What’smostimportantisthatacollegeessayisthoughtfulandtellsastorythatoffersinsightintowhoastudentisasaperson.A.HowtoWriteaCollegeEssay.B.HowtoPickaCollegeEssayTopic.C.Thefollowingaretipsonwritingacollegeessay.D.Youshouldshowyourrespecttothecollegeteachers.E.Thesearethetypesofessaysthatstandouttoadmissionsofficers.F.Startingearlywillgivestudentsplentyoftimetoworkthroughtheessaybeforedeadlines.G.ThoughtheCommonAppnotestherearenostrictwordlimitforanessay,itsuggestsnomorethan650words.【答案】16.C17.F18.G19.B20.E【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了大学评审专家就如何写大学论文提供了一些建议。【16题详解】根据上文“Collegeadmissionsexpertsoffertipsonhowtowriteacollegeessay.Forcollegeapplicants,theessayistheplacetoshowcasetheirwritingskillsandlettheiruniquevoiceshinethrough.(大学评审专家就如何写大学论文提供了一些建议。对于大学申请者来说，论文是展示他们写作技巧的地方，让他们独特的声音闪耀)”可知，前面提出大学论文的重要性，并且专家给出一些建议，结合下文给出的三个具体的建议。由此可知，C.Thefollowingaretipsonwritingacollegeessay.(以下是写大学论文的建议)承上启下，符合语境。故选C项。【17题详解】根据本段小标题“GettingStartedontheCollegeEssay(开始写大学论文)”及上文“Agoodtimeforstudentstobeginworkingontheiressaysisthesummerbeforesenioryear,whenhomeworkandextracurricularactivitiesaren’ttakinguptimeandenergy.(学生开始写论文的好时机是大四前的夏天，此时作业和课外活动不会占用时间和精力)”可知，本段是对开始写论文的时间给出的建议，说的是时间问题。由此可知，F.Startingearlywillgivestudentsplentyoftimetoworkthroughtheessaybeforedeadlines.(尽早开始会让学生有足够的时间在截止日期前完成论文)符合语境。【18题详解】根据小标题“HowLongShouldaCollegeEssayBe?”及下文“Whilewewon’tstopreadingafter650words,wecannotpromisethatanoverlywordyessaywillholdourattentionforaslongasyou’dhoped(虽然我们不会在650字之后停止阅读，但我们不能保证一篇单词过多的文章能像你希望的那样吸引我们的注意力)”可知，本段对文章的长度即词数给出的建议。由此可知，G.ThoughtheCommonAppnotestherearenostrictwordlimitforanessay,itsuggestsnomorethan650words.(虽然通用应用程序指出，文章没有严格的字数限制，但它建议不超过650词)符合语境。故选G项。【19题详解】该空为小标题，根据下文“Themostdiscouragingstepintheessaywritingprocessisfiguringoutwhattowriteabout.Thereareseveraltopicstochoose.(在论文写作过程中最令人沮丧的一步是弄清楚要写什么。有好几个主题可供选择)”可知，本段主要是论文的主题选题问题方面的建议，topic为关键词。由此可知，B.HowtoPickaCollegeEssayTopic.(如何选择大学论文主题)符合语境。故选B项。【20题详解】根据上文“Rather,studentsshouldnarrowtheirfocusandwriteaboutaspecificexperienceorhobbythatrevealssomethingpersonal,likehowtheythink,whattheyvalueorwhattheirstrengthsare.Studentscanalsowriteaboutsomethingthatillustratesanaspectoftheirbackground.(相反，学生应该缩小他们的注意力范围，写一个具体的经历或爱好，揭示一些个人的东西，比如他们是如何思考的，他们看重什么，或者他们的优势是什么。学生也可以写一些能说明他们背景的东西)”可知，上文就论文主题已给出了具体的建议，由此可知，E.Thesearethetypesofessaysthatstandouttoadmissionsofficers.(这些类型的论文对招生官来说很突出)符合语境，These指代上文likehowtheythink,whattheyvalueorwhattheirstrengthsare.及somethingthatillustratesanaspectoftheirbackground这些建议的题材。故选E项。第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Whennine-yearoldEllaGraceandCashDanielsmetinJuly2019,theyimmediatelyconnected.Withinashorttime,everything___21___,birthingtheCleanupKids—ayouth-lednon-profitorganizationdeterminedtomake___22___inenvironmentalconservation.Ella’s___23___fortheenvironmentstartedwithanearlyloveofsharksandmany___24___ofcleaninguptrashalongtheshoresofVeroBeach.ForCash,thespark(火花)was___25___atjustsevenyearsold,whenasingleplasticstrawonthebeach___26___hiseye.That’swhenhebecameawareofthecrisisfacingthousandsofturtles,seabirdsandotherwildlife,which___27___deathfromconsumingdiscardedplastic.Nowboth14,theymeetupinpersonfortheseaturtlerelease,scuba-divingorconference.In2022,outofmorethan700___28___fromacrossNorthAmerica,CashandEllawerechosenasoneof25projectstoreceivetheGloriaBarronPrizeforYoungHeroes.Thisannualawardrecognizes25___29___youngleaders,___30___fromtheU.S.“MyhopefortheCleanupKidsisthatit’snothundredsofkids,it’sthousandsofkidswhohavejoinedus.”saysElla.“Member___31___includeconductingatleastonecleanuppermonth,documentingandphotographingthecollectedtrash,countingeverypieceto___32___tothegoalofcollectingonemillionpiecesoftrashbyyear’send,and___33___andrecyclingitems.”Howtohaveaconsiderable___34___bothonpeopleandtheenvironment?Cash’sbestadviceisto___35___small.“Ibeganwithjustacouplecleanupswithmyfamily.Don’toverdoit,”hesays.“Andjustrememberthatkidsmaybeonlyasmallpartofthepopulation,butwe’re100percentofthefuture.”21.A.spedup B.workedout C.cameback D.calmeddown22.A.waves B.preparations C.discoveries D.noises23.A.talent B.passion C.opportunityD.memory24.A.experiments B.competitions C.appointmentsD.experiences25.A.set B.laid C.lit D.loaded26.A.interrupted B.stopped C.caught D.disturbed27.A.risk B.abandon C.fear D.miss28.A.schools B.applicants C.assistants D.families29.A.natural B.generous C.influential D.appropriate30.A.casually B.constantly C.rarely D.mainly31.A.benefits B.responsibilities C.rewards D.challenges32.A.compare B.contribute C.turn D.donate33.A.sorting B.saving C.making D.offering34.A.impact B.blame C.impression D.comment35.A.replace B.overcome C.reduce D.start【答案】21.B22.A23.B24.D25.C26.C27.A28.B29.C30.D31.B32.B33.A34.A35.D【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了两个青少年Ella和Cash创立环保组织CleanupKids，致力于环境保护的故事。【21题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：在很短的时间内，一切进展顺利，诞生了由青少年领导的非营利组织CleanupKids，致力于推动环境保护。A.spedup加速；B.workedout进展顺利，成功地发展；C.cameback回来；D.calmeddown冷静下来。根据后文“birthingtheCleanupKids”可知，CleanupKids这个组织诞生了，事情进展顺利。故选B。【22题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在很短的时间内，一切进展顺利，诞生了由青少年领导的非营利组织CleanupKids，致力于推动环境保护。A.waves波浪；B.preparations准备；C.discoveries发现；D.noises噪音。根据前文“birthingtheCleanupKids—ayouth-lednon-profitorganization”可知，这是一个致力于环保的组织，应该是在环保方面掀起波澜，产生影响。故选A。【23题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：Ella对环境的热情始于对鲨鱼的早期热爱，以及在维罗海滩沿岸多次清理垃圾的经历。A.talent天赋；B.passion热情；C.opportunity机会；D.memory记忆。根据后文“anearlyloveofsharks”可知，Ella从小就很喜欢鲨鱼，这里指的是Ella对环境的热情。故选B。【24题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：Ella对环境的热情始于对鲨鱼的早期热爱，以及在维罗海滩沿岸多次清理垃圾的经历。A.experiments实验；B.competitions比赛；C.appointments约会；D.experiences经历。根据后文“ofcleaninguptrashalongtheshoresofVeroBeach”可知，这是在描述Ella在海滩清理垃圾的经历。故选D。【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：对Cash来说，这个火花在他七岁时就被点燃了，当时海滩上的一根塑料吸管吸引了他的注意。A.set设置；B.laid放置；C.lit点燃；D.loaded装载。根据前文“thespark”可知，此处指Cash对环保的热情被点燃了。故选C。【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：对Cash来说，这个火花在他七岁时就被点燃了，当时海滩上的一根塑料吸管吸引了他的注意。A.interrupted打断；B.stopped停止；C.caught吸引；D.disturbed打扰。根据后文“hiseye”可知，此处指塑料吸管吸引了他的注意。catchone’seye“吸引某人的注意”。故选C。【27题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：就在这时，他意识到成千上万的海龟、海鸟和其他野生动物正面临着危机，它们因食用丢弃的塑料而面临死亡的风险。A.risk冒……的风险；B.abandon抛弃；C.fear害怕；D.miss错过。根据后文“deathfromconsumingdiscardedplastic”可知，这些动物吃了丢弃的塑料，所以它们冒着死亡的风险。故选A。【28题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：2022年，在来自北美各地的700多名申请者中，Cash和Ella被选为25个获奖项目之一，获得格GloriaBarron青年英雄奖。A.schools学校；B.applicants申请者；C.assistants助手；D.families家庭。根据后文“CashandEllawerechosenasoneof25projects”可知，此处指Cash和Ella参加比赛，在众多申请者被选出。故选B。【29题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这个年度奖项表彰25位有影响力的年轻领袖，主要来自美国。A.natural自然的；B.generous慷慨的；C.influential有影响力的；D.appropriate适当的。根据前文“CashandEllawerechosenasoneof25projectstoreceivetheGloriaBarronPrizeforYoungHeroes”可知，这个奖项是表彰有影响力的年轻领袖的。故选C。【30题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：这个年度奖项表彰25位有影响力的年轻领袖，主要来自美国。A.casually随意地；B.constantly不断地；C.rarely很少地；D.mainly主要地。根据后文“fromtheU.S.”可知，这个奖项的获奖者主要来自美国。故选D。【31题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：成员的责任包括每月至少进行一次清理，记录并拍摄收集到的垃圾，清点每一件垃圾，为年底收集一百万件垃圾的目标做出贡献，并对物品进行分类和回收。A.benefits好处；B.responsibilities责任；C.rewards回报；D.challenges挑战。根据后文“includeconductingatleastonecleanuppermonth,documentingandphotographingthecollectedtrash”可知，这是CleanupKids组织成员的责任。故选B。【32题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：成员的责任包括每月至少进行一次清理，记录并拍摄收集到的垃圾，计算每一件垃圾，为年底收