第02讲被动语态专题（原卷版）-2022年九年级英语寒假课（二模）（牛津上海版）

第02讲被动语态专题【学习目标】掌握被动语态用法了解中考中的常见题型完成专项训练【基础知识】本节内容（presentation）（2530mins）被动语态的用法主动句与被动句的关系主动句：动作的执行者（主语）+谓语动词+动作的承受者（宾语）被动句：动作的承受者（主语）+be+动词的过去分词+by+动作的执行者注意:(1)有时by短语可以省略。(2)主动句的时态是由谓语动词来体现的，而被动句的时态是由be动词来体现的。掌握了被动句的基本结构和主、被动句的相互转换关系，在考试中就可以不变应万变。被动语态结构一般现在时的被动语态：am／is／aredone一般过去时的被动语态：was／weredone现在进行时的被动语态：am／is／arebeingdone过去进行时的被动语态：was/werebeingdone现在完成时的被动语态：have／hasbeendone过去完成时的被动语态：hadbeendone一般将来时的被动语态：willbedone／am(is,are)goingtobedone过去将来时的被动语态：wouldbedone／was(were)goingtobedone含情态动词的被动语态：情态动词＋bedone重点难点：①双宾语：“动词+间接宾语+直接宾语”改为被动时,有两种变法。Histeachergavehimadictionary.人：→Hewasgivenadictionarybyhisteacher.(间接宾语做主语)物：→Adictionarywasgiventohimbyhisteacher.(直接宾语主语)（需用to或者for引出原句的间接宾语)。【例题】Sheboughtmeapresent.（改为被动结构）→Apresent_________________________mebyher.Keys:wasboughtfor重难点总结：1)间接宾语（人）做主语，变被动语态时没有to,for;直接宾语（物）主语，变被动语态时要用to或者for引出原句的间接宾语2)常见接双宾语的动词有：give,borrow,buy,lend,show,tell,pass,offer,build,bring,teach,leave,sell②感官动词和使役动词在主动语态中，某些动词之后带有复合宾语，即宾语和宾语补足语，这个复合宾语由动词不定式来充当，to被省略，但在被动语态中，这个to还要还原。eg:Ioftenhearhersingthispopularsong.（主动语态）Sheisoftenheardtosingthispopularsong.（被动语态）【例题】Hemakesthegirlstayathome.（改为被动结构）→Thegirl_________________________stayathome.Keys:ismadeto▲有这种用法的常用动词有：使役动词make,let,have。感官动词see,hear,watch,feel,notice等。③be+过去分词特殊用法有些“be+过去分词”的结构并不是被动语态，它们有可能是“系表结构（即系动词之由过去分词来充当表语）。”比较：（1）

（2）【例题】Thelibrary_______from9o’clocktofiveo’clockeveyday.A.opensB.isopenedC.isopenD.openKeys:C④不及物动词和短语只有及物动词和可接宾语的动词+介词词组才可以有被动语态。eg：原则上，只有及物动词才有被动语态，但是，许多不及物动词加上介词或者副词，变成及物动词短语，也可以用于被动语态。但是即后面的介词或副词不能丢掉。eg:Weshouldspeaktooldpeoplepolitely.（改为被动结构）→Oldpeopleshouldbespokentopolitelybyus.【例题】Shewilltakegoodcareofthechildren．（改为被动结构）→Thechildrenwill______________________________byher．Keys:betakengoodcareof⑤主动表被动wash,wear,sell,write,drive,clean,read,cook,cut等。eg:Thiskindofclothwasheswell./Thisbooksellswell./Thepenwritesverysmoothly.在need,require,want,worth（形容词）,deserve后的动名词必须用主动形式。eg:Mybikeneedsrepairing.=Mybikeneedstoberepaired.eg:Thebookisworthreading.补充：want/need/require+doing相当于want/need/require+tobedone.tobedone3）特殊结构：makesb.heard/understood（使别人能听见/理解自己）等。eg:Sheraisedhervoicetomakeushearclearly.⑥不用于被动语态不及物动词或不及物动词短语：appear,die(死亡),disappear（消失）,happen，breakout,etrue,takeplace.系动词无被动语态,如appear,be,bee,fall,feel,get,grow,keep,look,remain,seem,smell,sound,stay,taste,turn等。eg:Itsoundsgood./Theflowersmellssweet./Thewatchlooksgood.⑦特殊句式在汉语中，有一类句子不出现主语，在英语中一般可用被动结构来表示据说…… Itissaidthat…据报导…… Itisreportedthat…据推测…… Itissupposedthat…希望…… Itishopedthat…众所周知…… Itiswellknownthat…普遍认为…… Itisgenerallyconsideredthat…有人建议…… Itissuggestedthat…1)Itisreportedthatitisgoingtoraintomorrow.2)ItiswellknownthatThomasEdisoninventedtheelectriclamp.【真题演练】=1\*ROMANI.pletethefollowingsentencesasrequired（根据所给要求完成句子）1.Theyoftencleantheirclassroomsafterschool.(改为被动语态)Theirclassrooms_______often________bythemafterschool.2.LiLeigaveTomanewpenlastweek.(改为被动语态)Tom____________anewpenbyLiLeilastweek.Anewpen_________________TomlastweekbyLiLei.3.AlotofpeopleinChinacanspeakEnglishnow.(改为被动语态)English________________byalotofpeopleinChinanow.4.Wehavedonemanythingstoprotectourenvironment.(改为被动语态)Manythings________________________toprotectourenvironment.5.Theywillpublishthesestorybooksnextmonth.(改为被动语态)Thesestorybooks_______________nextmonth.6.Theworkerswillwidensomeroadsinourcitynextyear.(改为被动语态)Someroadswill______________inourcitynextyear.7.Hesaidhewouldplantsometreesthenextyear.(改成被动语态)Hesaidsometrees____________________byhim.8.Peopleinourvillagethrewawayagreatnumberofplasticbagslastyear.(被动语态)Agreatnumberofplasticbags_____________awayinourvillagelastyear.9.ADutchartistFlorentijinHofmanhaddesignedthefamousbigyellowrubberduck.(改为被动语态)Thefamousbigyellowrubberduck_______________________byaDutchartistFlorentijinHofman.10.Wedon'tallowpeopletosmokeanywhereinthebuilding.(改为被动语态)

People tosmokeanywhereinthebuilding.11.Shereadsomeinformationaboutmemoryinthelibrary.(改为被动语态)[来Someinformationaboutmemory__________________inthelibraryyesterdayby________.12.Weusuallycallmathsthelanguageofscience.(改为被动语态)Maths__________usually__________thelanguageofscience.13.JimmyhadlentthenovelsthatheboughttohisfriendbeforelastMonday.(改为被动语态)ThenovelsthatJimmybought______________________________tohisfriend.14.MyfriendJoneswrotesomearticlesaboutmemorylastmonth.(改为被动语态)Somearticlesaboutmemory____________________bymyfriendJoneslastmonth.15.Thestudentswereperformingtheplay“SoundofMusic”atnineyesterday.(改为被动语语态）Theplay“SoundofMusic”____________________________bythestudentsatnineyesterday.16.Theworkerisbuildingmanymodernbuildingsnow.(改为被动语语态）Manymodernbuildingsbytheworkersnow.17.Thestudentshavedrawnpicturesfortwohours.(改为被动语语态）Picturesbythestudentsfortwohours.18.Wemustdosomethingtoprotectwater.(改为被动语语态）Somethingtoprotectwaterby________.19.Hemakesthegirlstayathome.(改为被动语语态）Thegirl________________________________athomebyhim.20.Mymotherboughtmeabeautifulskirtyesterday．（改为被动语态）

I________________abeautifulskirtbymymotheryesterday.

Abeautifulskirt_________________________mebymymotheryesterday.21.Theycancelledoneoftheflightsbecausethereweren'tmanypassengers.(改为被动语态）Oneoftheflightsbecausethereweren'tmanypassengers.22.GrandmaLiplantsdifferentkindsofvegetablesinhersmallyard.(改为被动语态)Differentkindsofvegetables____________________byGrandmaLiinhersmallyard.23.Didtheyfindthepetcatafteraday’ssearch?（改为被动语态）________thepetcat_______afteraday’ssearch?24.Nowadayspeoplespendalotoftimeonmobilephonesorlaptops.(改为被动语态)Nowadaysalotoftime__________________onmobilephonesorlaptops.25.He’sgivensomeimportanttalksonsciencetechnologytous.(改为被动语态)Someimportanttalksonsciencetechnology__________________giventous.【过关检测】一、单项选择1．Tom________hisroomeveryday,sohisroomisvery________.A．clean;clean B．cleans;cleans C．clean;cleans D．cleans;clean2．Hiscar_________fiveyearsago,butitlooksquitenew.A．buys B．bought C．wasbought D．isbought3．Peopleinthiscityexpectthatthebuildingofthebridge________beforetherainyseasones.A．canplete B．ispleted C．haspleted D．willbepleted4．—Itsaysthatthereisgoingtobeanotherstormtomorow.AreyougoingtoSam’sbirthdayparty?—I’mnotsure.IwillgowithyouifI________.A．willinvite B．invited C．willbeinvited D．aminvited5．—WhatdoyouthinkoftheTVplayJourneytotheWest?—Itisverypopular.Millionsofpeople__________duringthattime.A．attracted B．areattracted C．wereattracted D．wereattracting6．Themedicinetocure(治疗)yourheadache.A．isused B．uses C．used D．use7．Inordertomakeourhometownmorebeautiful,lotsoftrees________lastyear.A．areplanted B．haveplanted C．wereplanted D．planted8．SuqianfirstmarathononMarch28.Everydetailwasworthpayingattentiontoabetterresultbeforeandduringthatevent.A．washeld;achieving B．tookplace;achievingC．wastakenplace;achieving D．A&B9．Mum,sweepingrobots________moreandmorewidely.Whynotbuyone?A．areused B．wereused C．areusing D．used10．Allofusshouldfollowthetrafficrules,orwe________bythetrafficpolice.A．arepunished B．willbepunished C．werepunished D．havebeenpunished11．—Inthepast,peopledidn’tdealwiththewastebeforeit________away.—Luckily,thesituationismuchbetternow.A．takes B．took C．wastaken D．istaken12．—Whatdoyouknowabouttheearthquakethathappenedinthemorning?—Thewoundedpeople________tothehospitalintime.A．arebrought B．werebrought C．willbebrought D．brought13．Traintickets________online.Itisconvenient.YoucantakethetrainwithyourIDcard.A．sold B．weresold C．aresold D．havesold14．We’llhaveabirthdaypartyforthechild.Apetdog______tohimasagift.A．maygive B．maybegiven C．mustgive D．mustbegiven15．Thinkcarefullybeforedecidingwho_________.A．invites B．willbeinvited C．isinvited D．willinvite16．—DoyouknowwhenthemunistPartyofChina________?—Sure.It’sheronehundredthanniversary(周年)thisyear.A．forms B．hasformed C．isformed D．wasformed17．Mostpeoplebelieverobots________inalmosteveryfieldinthefuture.A．willuse B．use C．willbeused D．areused18．—WhywasWendysohappythismorning?—Becauseshe________forhercreativeanswertothequestioninthemathclass.A．praised B．ispraised C．waspraised19．Itissaidthatanewlibrary______inourschool.A．willbebuilt B．builds C．wasbuilt D．isbuilding20．Theflowers__________everyday,ortheywilldie.A．mustwater B．canbewater C．shouldwater D．mustbewatered21．—Nowcities________cars.Somefamiliesevenhavetwoormorecars.—Thelocalgovernmentsaretryingtosolvetheparkingproblem.A．arefilledwith B．areinterestedinC．arefulledof D．aregoodat22．Wastewaterfromfactoriesmustbeforepouringintoriversorlakes.A．process B．beprocessed C．beprocessing D．haveprocessed23．Don’ttouchmycup.It________withhotwater.A．fills B．filled C．isfilled D．wasfilled24