北京市东城区第五十五中学2024-2025学年高一上学期期中考试英语试题（含解析）

第=page11页，共=sectionpages11页2024-2025学年北京市东城区第五十五中学高一上学期期中考试英语试题一、选词填空-句子：本大题共1小题，共10分。1.

focuson

obviously

suitablefor

adventure

arrangement

otherthanorganize

confuse

lookforwardto

responsible

takecontrolof

(1)I’mreally______travellingwithmyfriendsaftergraduation.(2)Employersusuallydecidewithinfiveminuteswhethersomeoneis______thejob.(3)They______mewithdifferentdescriptionsofwhathappened.(4)Irecommendyou______yourfeelingsandstopgettingangrysoeasily.(5)Eachexercise______adifferentgrammarpoint.(6)Ifeelastrongsenseof______tohelpthoseinneed.(7)Heisthepresidentofalargeinternational______.(8)_____,dietandexercisearebothimportant.(9)Ihavenosociallifeorinterests______swimming.(10)Therearespecial______forpeopleworkingoverseas.(11)Iwasdeeplyimpressedbytheirspiritof______.二、阅读理解：本大题共10小题，共20分。A☆Meetwithastronomers

☆Trycomputerprogramsastronomersuse

☆Hearthelatestnews

☆WorkwithactualdataDirector:ConnieWalkercwalker@TheTeenAstronomyCaféprogramisanout-of-schoolprogramthatoffershighschoolstudentsopportunitiestointeractwithscientistswhoworkattheforefrontofastronomy.Theprogramwillbefrom9:30a.m.tillnoonononemorningeachmonthfromOctoberthroughMay(exceptforJanuary).Studentsexplorethebirthanddeathofstars,killerasteroids(行星),thestructureoftheuniverse,darkenergy,darkmatter,andmore.Ahands-onactivityrelatedtotheshortpresentationwillfollowaspartoftheTeenAstronomyCafésexperience—eitherasastate-of-the-artcomputerlabactivity,amovie,adeeperdiscussion,oranexplorationofthetopicwitha3-Dprinter.Thestudentswillusetheactualcomputerprogramsanddatathatthescientistsuse!TheTeenAstronomyCafésareopentoallhighschoolstudentsatnocost.Theprogramaimstoimprovestudentachievement,andfuel(激发)theirdesiretogotocollegeandpursueacareerinscience,technology,engineering,ormathematics(STEM)inthefuture.IfstudentsareinterestedinattendinganyoralloftheTeenAstronomyCafés,pleasehavethemregisterathttp://www.teenastronomycafé.org.DatesfortheTeenAstronomyCafésnextcomingacademicyear(学年)are:

2.Studentstakingpartintheprogramwill______.A.userealscientificdata

B.workfortheastronomers

C.researchthebirthoftheuniverse

D.developcomputerprogramonastronomy3.Whatisthemainpurposeoftheprogram?A.Toofferfreeeducation.

B.Totrainfutureastronomers.

C.Tosolvetheproblemsofastronomy.

D.ToencouragefurtherstudyofSTEM.4.In2022,studentscanattendTeenAstronomyCaféson______.A.January6th B.May1st C.October3rd D.November7thBTheolderyouget,themoredifficultitistolearnanewlanguage.Butnooneknowsexactlywhatthecutoffpointis—atwhatageitbecomesharder.Inoneofthelargeststudies,researchersfromBoston-baseduniversitiesfoundthatchildrenaregoodatlearningasecondlanguageupuntiltheageof18,about10yearslaterthanearlierthought.Butthestudyalsoshowedthatitisbesttostartbyage10ifyouwanttoachievethegrammaticalfluencyofanativespeaker.Tosolvethisproblem,theresearchteamcollecteddataonaperson’sage,languagelevelandtimestudyingEnglish.Theycreatedashortonlinegrammarquizcalled“WhichEnglish?”thattestednoun-verbagreement,pronouns,prepositionsandrelativeclauses,amongotherlinguisticelements.Theywantedtofindoutwhenthe“criticalperiod”forachievingthehighestlevelsofgrammaticalfluencyends.Basedonpeople’sgrammarscoresandinformationabouttheirlearningofEnglish,theresearchersdevelopedmodelstofindouthowlongittakestobecomefluentinalanguageandthebestagetostartlearning.Theyconcludedthattheabilitytolearnanewlanguage,atleastgrammatically,isstrongestuntiltheageof18.Tobecomecompletelyfluent,however,learningshouldstartbeforetheageof10.Therearethreemainideasastowhylanguage-learningabilityfallsat18:socialchanges,interference(干扰)fromone’sprimarylanguageandcontinuingbraindevelopment.At18,kidstypicallygraduatefromhighschoolandstartcollegeorentertheworkforcefull-time.Oncetheydo,theymaynolongerhavethetime,opportunitytostudyasecondlanguage.Oritispossiblethatafteronemastersafirstlanguage,itsrulesinterferewiththeabilitytolearnasecondlanguage.Finally,changesinthebrainthatcontinueduringthelateteensandearly20smaysomehowmakelearningharder.Thisisnottosaythatwecannotlearnanewlanguageifweareover20.Therearemanyexamplesofpeoplewhopickupalanguagelaterinlife.AlthoughthestudywasconductedonlyinEnglish,theresearchersbelievethefindingswilltransfertootherlanguagesandtheyaredevelopingsimilartestsforSpanishandMandarin.5.InParagraph2,“thisproblem”refersto______.A.atwhatagepeoplecandothequiz

B.howpeopleimprovetheirlanguageskills

C.whypeoplefindithardtomastergrammarrules

D.inwhatperiodpeoplecanlearnanewlanguagewell6.Whydoespeople’slanguage-learningabilityfallat18?A.Becausetheyhavenogoodlearningenvironment.

B.Becausetheyarebusydevelopingotherlifeskills.

C.Becausetheyneedn’timprovethelanguageability.

D.Becausetheyfocusmoreontheirprimarylanguage.7.Whydoestheauthorwritethepassage?A.Toexplainafinding. B.Toprovideasolution.

C.Toleadadiscussion. D.Tosupportanopinion.CForsolong,failurehasbeenpicturedassomethingnegative,somethingtobeashamedofandsomethingtobekeptasecret.ButaSwedishpsychologist,SamuelWest,hasdecidedtoputourworstfearsonthetable.Heisopeningamuseum--theMuseumofFailure--inHelsingborg,Sweden,thisJune.Insteadofshowingsuccesses,asmuseumsusuallydo,theMuseumofFailurewilldisplayover60“failed”productsfrombig-namecompaniessuchasNokia,AppleandCoca-Cola.“Ireallyhopeyouseethatthesemega-brandsthateverybodyrespects,theyscrewuptoo,”WesttoldTheNewYorkTimes.“Ihopethatmakesyoufeellessnervousaboutlearningsomethingnew.”West’sopinionisn’tanewone.AlbertEinsteinoncesaid,“Apersonwhonevermadeamistakenevertriedanythingnew.”AndthisideahasbeenembracedbylotsofcompaniesintheUS.SiliconValley,forexample,isthehomeofsomeoftheworld’smostcreativecompanies,yetitssloganturnsouttobe,quitesurprisingly,“Failfast,failoften.”However,therearereasonsforthis.“Thebestcompaniesarethosethatencouragefailure,embraceout-of-the-boxthinking,andallowemployerstomakemistakesandseewhathappens,”wroteSimonCasutoofForbes.Butsomepeoplearedoubtfulofthisso-called“cultureoffailure”.Theyareworriedthatiffailurebecomesa“symbolofhonor”,asWiredmagazineputit,itmayevenbeseenas“uncool”whensomeonetriestoreducetheriskoffailure.Thismaypushpeopletocaretoolittleandtrytoolittle.“Sometimespeoplehidbehindfailure,whentheycouldhavepreventedit,”wroteAnnaIsaacofTheTelegraph.Soit’simportantthatyousetapartthetwokindsoffailure—thekindthatmakesyoualoserandthekindthattakesyouforward.Thekeyiswhetheryou’velearnedsomethingfromyourmistakes.“Learningistheonlyprocessthatturnsfailureintosuccess.”WestsaidTheGuardian.”Ifyoudon’tlearnfromyourfailures,thenyou’vereallyfailed.”8.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“screwup”inthesecondparagraphmean?A.Makeaprofit. B.Makeamess.

C.Makeahighlight. D.Makearisk.9.Whatmessagesdoestheslogan“Failfast,failoften.”convey?A.Themorefailure,thebetter.

B.Acceptfailure,andtrynewthings.

C.Themoreyoufail,thelesssuccessyouachieve.

D.Failureismoreimportantthansuccess.10.Whichmagazineshowsdoubtaboutthecultureoffailure?A.TheNewYorkTimes.

B.Forbes.

C.Wired.

D.TheGuardian.11.What’sWest’sopinionaboutfailure?A.Failure’svalueliesinlearningfromit.

B.Ifyoufail,youarealoser.

C.It’snotnecessarytotrytoreducetheriskoffailure.

D.Failureisthekeytoputyouforward.三、阅读七选五：本大题共5小题，共10分。Everyonefeelsanxiousornervousattimes.Feelingslikethesecansurfacewhenyoufaceachallenge.

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Youmightfeelanxiouswhenit’syourturntospeakinclass.Thesefeelingscanbeuncomfortable,butyoucanmanagewiththehelpofthefollowingtips.●Startwithagrowthmindset(思想倾向).Somepeoplehaveafixedmindset.Theymightthink,“ThisishowIam.Igetanxiousbeforespeakinginclass.SoIdon’traisemyhand.”Withafixedmindset,peopledon’tthinkthingscanchange.Butpeoplewithagrowthmindsetknowtheycangetbetteratjustabouteverything—witheffortandpractice.

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●Noticewhatanxietyfeelslikeforyou.Gettoknowthebodyfeelingsthatarepartofanxiety.Whenyou’reanxious,doyoufeel“butterflies”?Shakyhands?Afasterheartbeat?Knowthatthesefeelingsarepartofthebody’snormalresponsetoachallenge.

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Nexttimetheyhappen,trytonoticethefeelingswithoutgettingupset.Acceptthemandletthembethere.●

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Whenyou’reanxious,it’scommontotellyourselfthingslike,“Ican’tdothis.”Or“WhatifImessthisup?”Instead,tellyourselfsomethingthatcouldhelpyoufacethemomentwithabitofcourage,“It’sOKtofeelanxious.Icandothisanyway.”It’sfacingtheanxietythathelpsyoumanageit.Thisiscalledexposure.Learningtocopewithanxietytakestimeandpatience.Mostofall,ittakespracticeandwillingnesstofaceit.Itstartswithonesmallstep.

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A．Giveitallofyourattention.B．Thatincludesdealingwithanxiety.C．Talkyourselfthroughanxietyandfaceit.D．They’renotharmfulandtheyfadeontheirown.E．Itcanhelpyou“reset”andbereadytomoveforward.F．Forexample,youmightfeelnervousbeforetakingbigexams.G．Themoreyoupractice,thebetteryou’llgetatmanaginganxiety.四、完形填空：本大题共10小题，共15分。MyfamilymovedtoPerth,AustraliawhenIwassix.Onthefirstdayofschool,Iwas

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becauseIcouldn’tevensayhelloinEnglish.ThenImetNatsumi.HerfamilyhadjustmovedtoAustraliafromJapan.UnabletospeakawordofEnglish,wecouldonly

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throughbodylanguage,butthisdidnotstopusfrombecomingfast

19

.MymumhasaclearmemoryofonecartripwhenNatsumiandIweresittinginthebackseat,laughingandtalkingtoeachotherinbrokenEnglish,ItwasthefirsttimeIhadfelt

20

enoughtospeakthefewwordsIhadlearnedthroughouttheyear.Unfortunately,attheendofthatyear,Natsumi’sfamilymovedtoQueenslandandminetoNewSouthWales.Welost

21

.Yearslater,Iwentintotrainingasateacher,teachingEnglishtonewly-arrivedstudentsandadults.ManyofmystudentswereJapanese,which

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meofNatsumi.ThoughIhadlongbeenlookingforher,mysearcheshadsofarlednowhere.OnavisittoJapanin2018,I

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again.Havingspentalongnightonline,IcameacrosssomeonenamedNatsumi.Tryingmyluck,Isentheramessage.Thenextday,therewasa

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:“Gabi?GabifromPerth?”Weagreedonadateandmetupfordinner.Seeingheragainwas

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.However,thistime,wewerenotonlyabletocommunicatewithoneanotherinEnglish,but

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so.17.A.angry B.frightened C.excited D.curious18.A.explore B.improve C.study D.communicate19.A.friends B.roommates C.advisers D.travellers20.A.shocked B.confident C.upset D.calm21.A.heart B.hope C.interest D.touch22.A.warned B.reminded C.informed D.freed23.A.applied B.tracked C.tried D.failed24.A.reply B.tip C.contact D.sign25.A.awkward B.impossible C.attractive D.unbelievable26.A.honestly B.peacefully C.fluently D.politely五、语法填空：本大题共3小题，共45分。Adamfindsitabit

1

(challenge)togetusedtothelifeatseniorhighschool.Therearealotofextra-curricular

2

(activity)tochoosefromatseniorhighschool.Hetriedtojointhefootballteam,

3

thecoachtoldhimhedidn’tplaywellenough.Hedecidedtoimproveonhisownsothathecanmaketheteamnextyear.Thefour-daywalkingtour

1

(take)youonanamazingpaththroughtheAndesMountainsonthewaytothecityofMachuPicchu.After

2

(reach)yourdestination,youwillhaveadaytoexploreandbe

3

(amaze)bythisancientcity.Evanisawildlifephotographer.Once,twotigers

1

(run)pasthim,stoppedameterawayfromhistruckandbegantofight.Hewastooafraidtophotographthem.AnothertimeinNamibia,onelioncameeven

2

(close).Itwentallthewayroundhistruck.Thenitgotuponthebackandlookedathim

3

thewindow,whichwasoneofhishappiestmoments.Evan’spicturesmakepeoplethinkaboutanimalsindanger,whichmattersagreatdealtohim.六、阅读表达：本大题共1小题，共10分。30.HazeMabry,whohasworkedasaschoolkeeperforthirteenyears,walksintotheschoolbuildingeverydayandemptiesgarbagecans,wipesdownbathroomsandmopswetmessesinthehallways.LastFriday,afterhearrivedattheschool,insteadoffindinggarbagetocleanup,hefoundalmost800studentsliningthehallwayswithhandmadecards,blowingnoisemakersandsingingafull-throatedhappybirthdaytohim.Itwashis80thbirthday.Ashewalkedthelonghallway,somepoppedoutoflinetohughim.Theyhandedhimsomanycardsthattheyfilledseverallargeboxes.Touchedbytheirenthusiasticexpressionofaffection,Mabrythankedthemall.“They’relikemychildren,”Mabrysaid.Onaregularday,studentsattheschoolsometimescomeuptohimtosaythey’renotfeelingwellorothertimestotellhimaboutsomethingthathappenedatbreak.Heknowsmostofthekidsattheschool,butcan’tnameeachone.Someofthemmakehimknowthem.LikeFaith,whooftenforgetsherbackpackinthecafeteria,andLucy,whojustwantsahug.“Hewon’tbrag(夸耀)onhimself,butitdoesn’tmatterwhathe’sdoingorwhereheis,hewillalwaysstopwhathe’sdoingtotakecareofachildifthatchildishavingabadday.Ifachildapproaches(接近)him,hewillpausetogivethatchildhisundividedattention.He’sthemostlovedoneinthisbuilding,”saidLoriGilreath,areadingteacher.Mabryworkscirclesaroundallthestudents,cleaningupmessesothersdon’twanttotouch.Hedoesn’texpectalot.Mabrysaidhehadn’tplannedtodomuchforhismilestonebirthday,sohewashappythestudentshadpreparedthesurprisecelebration.Overtheweekend,heworkedthroughthepilesofhandmadecardsathishouse.Onecardfromastudentstoodouttohim.Itread:“Mr.Haze,youaremysunshine.”(1)Whydid800studentslinethehallwayswithhandmadecards?_______________________________________________________________________________________(2)Whydidthewriterquote(引用)thewordsfromLoriGilreathinthefourthparagraph?___________________________________________________________________________________________(3)Whoisthesunshineinyourlife?Inwhatwaysdoesheorsheaffect(影响)you?(About40words)___________________________________________________________________________________________七、书面表达：本大题共1小题，共25分。31.假如你是红星中学高一学生李华，你的英国朋友Jim喜欢中国历史文化，计划下个月来北京旅游，发来邮件询问相关信息。请你给他回复邮件，内容包括：1.欢迎他来北京旅游；2.推荐两个旅游景点并说明理由；3.表达祝愿。注意：1.词数不少于80词；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。DearJim,____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiHua

答案和解析1.【答案】【小题1】lookingforwardto【小题2】suitablefor【小题3】confused【小题4】totakecontrolof/takecontrolof/shouldtakecontrolof【小题5】focuseson【小题6】responsibility【小题7】organization

【小题8】Obviously

【小题9】otherthan【小题10】arrangements

【小题11】adventure【解析】1.

考查动词短语和时态。句意：我真的很期待毕业后和朋友们去旅行。由句意可知此处意为“盼望”，应用动词短语lookforwardto，由空前的I’m可知此处应用现在分词形式，一起构成现在进行时，故填lookingforwardto。

2.

考查固定短语。句意：雇主通常会在五分钟内决定一个人是否适合这份工作。由句意可知此处意为“适合于……”，应用固定短语besuitablefor，由空前的is可知应填suitablefor，故填suitablefor。

3.

考查动词和时态。句意：他们对所发生的事情的不同描述使我感到困惑。由句意可知此处意为“使困惑”，应用动词confuse，作谓语，由空后的从句谓语happened可知动作发生在过去，应用一般过去式的形式，故填confused。

4.

考查动词短语和虚拟语气。句意：我建议你控制自己的情绪，不要那么容易生气。由句意可知此处意为“控制”，应用动词短takecontrolof，由空前的recommend可知此处为表示建议、要求、命令的动词之后的虚拟语气，从句谓语动词应用should+动词原型，should可以省略，或者是recommendsb.todosth.，不定式作宾语补足语，故填totakecontrolof/takecontrolof/shouldtakecontrolof。

5.

考查动词短语和时态。句意：每个练习都集中在不同的语法点上。由句意可知此处意为“集中”，应用动词短focuson，此处为客观陈述，应用一般现在时，主语为Eachexercise，谓语单数形式，故填focuseson。

6.

考查名词。句意：我有一种强烈的责任感去帮助那些需要帮助的人。由句意此处意为“责任”，应用形容词responsible“有责任的”的名词形式responsibility，asenseofresponsibility“责任感”，故填responsibility。

7.

考查名词。句意：他是一个大型国际组织的主席。由句意此处意为“组织”，由空前的alargeinternational可知应填动词organize“组织”的名词单数形式organization，故填organization。

8.

考查副词。句意：显然，饮食和运动都很重要。由句意此处意为“显然；明显地”，应用副词obviously，作状语，位于句首，修饰整个句子，首字母需大写，故填Obviously。

9.

考查介词短语。句意：除了游泳，我没有社交生活和兴趣。由句意此处意为“除了”，应用介词短语词otherthan，故填otherthan。

10.

考查名词。句意：在海外工作的人有特别的安排。由句意此处意为“安排”，应用名词arrangement，由空前的are可知应填复数形式，故填arrangements。

11.

考查名词。句意：他们的冒险精神给我留下了深刻的印象。由句意此处意为“冒险精神；冒险”，应用名词adventure，由空前的theirspiritof可知应填单数形式，spiritofadventure“冒险精神”，故填adventure。2~4.【答案】A、D、B【解析】【文章大意】本文是篇应用文。文章介绍了一个青少年天文咖啡馆项目，此项目旨在为高中生提供在天文前线工作的科学家交流的机会。文章还提供了这个项目的具体内容、目的、时间、报名方式等信息。

1.

根据文章第二段最后一句“Thestudentswillusetheactualcomputerprogramsanddatathatthescientistsuse!（学生们将使用科学家们使用的实际计算机程序和数据）”可知，参与该项目的学生将使用真实的科学数据。故选A。

2.

根据文章第三段中的“Theprogramaimstoimprovestudentachievement,andfuel(激发)theirdesiretogotocollegeandpursueacareerinscience,technology,engineering,ormathematics(STEM)inthefuture.（该项目旨在提高学生的成绩，激发他们上大学的愿望，并在未来追求科学、技术、工程或数学(STEM)领域的职业生涯）”可知，该项目的主要目的是鼓励进一步研究STEM。故选D。

3.

文章的最后“DatesfortheTeenAstronomyCafésnextcomingacademicyear(学年)are:”给出了下个学年这个项目的日期，根据所提供的日期，只有选项B在范围之内。故选B。5~7.【答案】D、A、A【解析】【文章大意】本文主要解释了一种发现：学习一门新语言的能力在18岁之前最强。

1.

根据第一段Theolderyouget,themoredifficultitistolearnanewlanguage.But...achievethegrammaticalfluencyofanativespeaker.（年龄越大，学习一门新语言就越困难。但没有人确切知道什么是截止点，什么年龄的学习会变得更困难。在一项最大的研究中，波士顿大学的研究人员发现，孩子们在18岁之前都很擅长学习第二语言，比之前的想法晚了大约10年。但研究还表明如果你想达到母语者的语法流利程度，从10岁开始。）结合划线词所在的句子Tosolvethisproblem,theresearchteamcollecteddataonaperson'sage,languagelevelandtimestudyingEnglish.（为了解决这个问题，研究团队收集了一个人的年龄、语言水平和学习英语的时间的数据。）可知划线词意思是“在什么时期人们可以学好一门新语言”。故选D。

2.

根据第四段At18,kidstypicallygraduatefromhighschoolandstartcollegeorentertheworkforcefull-time.Oncetheydo,theymaynolongerhavethetime,opportunitytostudyasecondlanguage.（18岁时，孩子通常从高中毕业，开始上大学或全职工作。一旦他们毕业，他们可能就没有时间和机会学习第二语言。）可知人们的语言学习能力在18岁时下降是因为他们没有良好的学习环境。故选A。

3.

阅读全文以及根据最后一段AlthoughthestudywasconductedonlyinEnglish,theresearchersbelievethefindingswilltransfertootherlanguagesandtheyaredevelopingsimilartestsforSpanishandMandarin.（尽管这项研究仅用英语进行，但研究人员相信，这一发现将转移到其他语言，他们正在开发类似的西班牙语和普通话测试。）可知本文主要解释了一种发现：学习一门新语言的能力在18岁之前最强。故选A。8~11.【答案】B、B、C、A【解析】【文章大意】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章讲述了长久以来，失败被描绘成一种消极的东西，一种令人羞愧的东西，一种需要保守秘密的东西。但瑞典心理学家塞缪尔·韦斯特(SamuelWest)决定将我们最担心的问题摆到桌面上。今年6月，他将在瑞典的赫尔辛堡开设一家博物馆——失败博物馆。

1.

词句猜测题。根据文章第二段“Insteadofshowingsuccesses,asmuseumsusuallydo,theMuseumofFailurewilldisplayover60“failed”productsfrombig-namecompaniessuchasNokia,AppleandCoca-Cola.（与博物馆通常展示成功产品的做法不同，“失败博物馆”将展示60多件来自诺基亚、苹果和可口可乐等知名公司的“失败”产品。）”可推知，划线词所在句子““Ireallyhopeyouseethatthesemega-brandsthateverybodyrespects,theyscrewuptoo,”WesttoldTheNewYorkTimes.”意为“韦斯特在接受《纽约时报》采访时表示:“我真的希望你能看到，这些人人尊敬的大品牌也会搞砸。””由此可知，screwup意为“搞成一团糟”。故选B。

2.

词句猜测题。根据文章第二段““Ihopethatmakesyoufeellessnervousaboutlearningsomethingnew.”（“我希望这能让你在学习新东西时不那么紧张。”）”和文章第三段“West’sopinionisn’tanewone.AlbertEinsteinoncesaid,“Apersonwhonevermadeamistakenevertriedanythingnew.”AndthisideahasbeenembracedbylotsofcompaniesintheUS.（韦斯特的观点并不新鲜。阿尔伯特·爱因斯坦曾经说过:“一个从不犯错的人，从来没有尝试过任何新鲜事物。”这个想法已经被很多美国公司所接受。）”可知，此处要表达的观点是要接受失败，并接受新的事物。“Failfast,failoften.”意为“接受失败，尝试新事物”。故选B。

3.

细节理解题。根据文章第五段“Butsomepeoplearedoubtfulofthisso-called“cultureoffailure”.Theyareworriedthatiffailurebecomesa“symbolofhonor”,as

Wired

magazineputit,itmayevenbeseenas“uncool”whensomeonetriestoreducetheriskoffailure.（但有些人对这种所谓的“失败文化”表示怀疑。正如《连线》杂志所言，他们担心，如果失败成为“荣誉的象征”，那么试图降低失败风险的人甚至会被视为“不酷”。）”可知，Wired杂志对失败的文化表示怀疑。故选C。

4.

推理判断题。根据文章最后一段““Learningistheonlyprocessthatturnsfailureintosuccess.”Westsaid

TheGuardian.”Ifyoudon’tlearnfromyourfailures,thenyou’vereallyfailed.”（“学习是从失败走向成功的唯一过程。”韦斯特说。如果你不从失败中吸取教训，那你就真的失败了。”）”可推知，West认为失败的价值在于从中吸取教训。故选A。12~16.【答案】F、B、D、C、G【解析】【文章大意】本文是一篇议论文。从三个方面就如何应对紧张焦虑提供一些建议。

1.

上文“Feelingslikethesecansurfacewhenyoufaceachallenge.(当你面临挑战时，像这样的感受会浮现)”空格处是对面临挑战的进一步举例说明。F选项中的“beforetakingexams”和“faceachallenge”一致。是对上文的进一步解释说明。故选F。

2.

上文“Butpeoplewithagrowthmindsetknowtheycangetbetteratjustabouteverything—witheffortandpractice.(但是那些有成长思维方式的人知道他们可以做好一切，只要肯努力和练习)”B选项中的that指代上文的“cangetbetteratjustabouteverything—witheffortandpractice.”这一切事情也包括应对焦虑这件事。故选B。

3.

上文“Knowthatthesefeelingsarepartofthebody’snormalresponsetoachallenge.(知道那些感受是你的身体应对挑战的正常反应。)”和D选项中的They前后一致，they指代上文的“thesefeelings”这些感受是正常反应是没有害处的。故选D。

4.

下文“Instead,tellyourselfsomethingthatcouldhelpyoufacethemomentwithabitofcourage.It’sfacingtheanxietythathelpsyoumanageit.(反而要告诉你自己勇敢些能帮你面对这一瞬间.正是面对焦虑才能帮你应对它。)”此空为小标题。根据下文可知本段在表达要面对焦虑。C选项中的faceit和下文的要面对它保持一致。故选C。

5.

上文“Mostofall,ittakespracticeandwillingnesstofaceit.Itstartswithonesmallstep.(最重要的是，它需要练习以及愿意面对它。)”G选项的“Themoreyoupractice”练习的越多，越能战胜焦虑，和上文保持一致。故选G。17~26.【答案】B、D、A、B、D、B、C、A、D、C【解析】【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者是如何在异国交到好朋友并且多年后重遇好友的。

1.

句意：上学的第一天，我很害怕，因为我甚至不会用英语打招呼。A.angry愤怒的；B.frightened害怕的；C.excited激动的；D.curious好奇的。根据下文becauseIcouldn'tevensayhelloinEnglish可知作者是“害怕的”。故选B。

2.

句意：我们一句英语都不会说，只能通过肢体语言交流，但这并不能阻止我们成为好朋友。A.explore探索；B.improve改进；C.study学习，研究；D.communicate沟通，交流。根据前文UnabletospeakawordofEnglish，可知是指只能使用肢体语言进行交流，故选D。

3.

句意：我们一句英语都不会说，只能通过肢体语言交流，但这并不能阻止我们成为好朋友。A.friends朋友；B.roommates室友；C.advisers顾问；D.travellers旅行者。根据下文laughingandtalkingtoeachotherinbrokenEnglish可知是成为好朋友。故选A。

4.

句意：这是我第一次有足够的信心说出我一整年所学的几个单词。A.shocked震惊的；B.confident有信心的；C.upset沮丧的；D.calm平静的。根据上文laughingandtalkingtoeachotherinbrokenEnglish可知是“自信的”。故选B。

5.

句意：我们失去了联系。A.heart心脏；B.hope希望；C.interest兴趣，利息；D.touch联系，触摸。根据上文Unfortunately,attheendofthatyear,Natsumi'sfamilymovedtoQueenslandandminetoNewSouthWales.可知是失去联系。故选D。

6.

句意：我的许多学生都是日本人，这让我想起了Natsumi。A.warned警告；B.reminded提醒；C.informed通知；D.freed释放。remindsbofsth：使某人想起某事，符合句意。故选B。

7.

句意：在2018年访问日本时，我再次尝试。A.applied应用；B.tracked跟踪；C.tried尝试；D.failed失败。根据下文Having

spent

a

long

night

online,IcameacrosssomeonenamedNatsumi可知是“尝试”。故选C。

8.

句意：第二天，有人回复：“加比？来自珀斯的加比？”A.reply回复，答复；B.tip小费，建议；C.contact联系；D.sign标志。根据上文Trying

my

luck,I

sent

her

a

message.可知是“回复”。故选A。

9.

句意：再次见到她令人难以置信。A.awkward笨拙的；B.impossible不可能的；C.attractive有吸引力的；D.unbelievable难以置信的。根据上下文可知，两人重逢是令作者难以相信的，故选D。

10.

句意：然而，这一次，我们不仅能够用英语交流，而且能够流利地交流。A.honestly诚实地；B.peacefully和平地；C.fluently流利地；D.politely礼貌地。根据上文Years

later,I

went

into

training

as

a

teacher,teaching

English

to

newly-arrived

students

and

adults可知是“流利地”。故选C。27.【答案】【小题1】challenging【小题2】activities【小题3】but【解析】1.

考查形容词。句意：Adam觉得适应高中生活有点挑战。此空应填形容词作宾补。challenging表“具有挑战性的”，为形容词，符合句意。故填challenging。

2.

考查名词复数。句意：高中有很多课外活动可供选择。activity表“活动”，为可数名词，且由空前alotof可知，这里应用名词复数作主语。故填activities。

3.

考查连词。句意：他试图加入足球队，但教练告诉他，他踢得不够好。此空前后两句为转折关系，所以应用并列连词but表转折。故填but。28.【答案】【小题1】willtake

【小题2】reaching【小题3】amazed【解析】1.

考查动词时态。句意：为期四天的徒步旅行将带您穿过安第斯山脉，前往马丘比丘市。此处为谓语动词，结合下文的“youwillhaveadaytoexplore…”可知，本文讲述的是一次徒步旅行的计划，所以此处应使用一般将来时。故填willtake。

2.

考查动名词。句意：到达目的地后，您将有一天的时间来探索这座古老的城市，并为之惊叹。此处为非谓语动词作宾语，after为介词，所以此处使用动名词reaching作宾语。故填reaching。

3.

考查形容词。句意：到达目的地后，您将有一天的时间来探索这座古老的城市，并为之惊叹。此处为形容词作表语，amaze的形容词amazed意为“惊讶的”符合句意。故填amazed。29.【答案】【小题1】ran

【小题2】closer【小题3】through【解析】1.

考查一般过去时。句意：有一次，两只老虎从他身边跑过，停在离他的卡车一米远的地方，开始打架。根据once（曾经）可知，此处应用一般过去时，和下文的stopped以及began作为并列的谓语动词。故填ran。

2.

考查比较级。句意：还有一次在纳米比亚，一只狮子更靠近了。在even后应用比较级。故填closer。

3.

考查介词。句意：然后它爬上车后面，透过窗户看着他，这是他最快乐的时刻之一。根据“Itwentallthewayroundhistruck”（它一直绕着他的卡车）可知，这只狮子在车外面，所以此处是指透过窗户看着他，应用介词through。故填through。30.【答案】【小题1】BecauseitwasMabry’s80thbirthday.Becausetheywantedtocelebratethe80thbirthdayforMabry.

【小题2】ThewriterusedthesentencesfromLoriGilreathtotellusthereasonwhyMabrywaslovedbysomanystudentsattheschool.

【小题3】Myteacheristhesunshineinmylife,becauseshealwayscomfortsmewhenIfeelfrustratedinlearning.ShehasbroughtwarmthtomylifeespeciallywhenImeetdifficulties.Withoutherencouragement,Icouldnotpullthroughthehardtimesinmylife.【解析】1.

考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“LastFriday,afterhearrivedattheschool,insteadoffindinggarbagetocleanup,hefoundalmost800studentsliningthehallwayswithhandmadecards,blowingnoisemakersandsingingafull-throatedhappybirthdaytohim.Itwashis80thbirthday.(上周五，当他到达学校后，他发现近800名学生站在走廊两旁，拿着手工制作的卡片，吹着哨子，大声为他唱生日快乐。那天是他80岁生日。)”可知，上周