河南省郑州市2023-2024学年高二上学期期末考试英语试题 附答案

郑州市2023—2024学年上期期末考试高二英语试题卷注意事项：本试卷分四部分，考试时间120分钟，满分150分。考生应首先阅读答题卡上的文字信息，然后在答题卡上作答，在试题卷上作答无效。第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。Whatwillthewomando?A.Gotothebathroom.Checktheman'sbag.C.Watchtheman'sbag.2.Whatisthepossiblerelationshipbetweenthetwospeakers?A.Relatives.B.Colleagues.C.Classmates.3.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Atthehotel.B.Attheparty.C.Attherestaurant.4.Whatdotheythinkoftheweatherreport?A.Worrying.B.Unreliable.C.Accurate.5.WhichofthefollowingisbotheringDick?A.Hislowpay.B.Hisbusyschedule.C.Hisheavyworkload.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Whendoesthepartystart?A.At8:00.B.At7:15.C.At7:30.7.Whatproblemisthemanfacing?A.Hedoesn'tknowtheway.B.Heisrunningoutoftime.C.Heisstuckinthetrafficjam.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8.Whatcanbeknownaboutthewoman?A.Shedirectedthemusical.B.Shehadnotalentfordancing.C.Shestoppeddancingduetoanaccident.9.Whydoesthewomanlovegoingtomusicals?A.Shelikesthearts.B.Shemissesdancing.C.Sheenjoysseeingdancers.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10.WhyisChrisunhappy?A.Hisfriendwashurt.B.Hewaslateforclass.C.Hisfriendwasseriouslyill.11.WhathappenedtoGreg?A.Hewashitbyacar.B.Hehurthisheadbadly.C.Hegothurtonhiswayhome.12.Wherewillthetwospeakersmeet?A.Atthehospital.B.Attheschoolgate.C.Atthebusstop.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13.Whatisamustfortheposition?A.LevelBincomputerengineering.B.Hands-onprogrammingexperience.C.Skillsrelatedtodevelopingapplications.14.WhatkindofpersonisDavidaccordingtohisdescription?A.Skillful.B.Hard-working.C.Open-minded.15.HowdoesCathyfeelaboutDavid?A.Doubtful.B.Pleased.C.Uninterested.16.WhenwillDavidhearfromthecompany?A.Withinafewweeks.B.Withinamonth.C.Withinaweek.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.Whomightthespeakerbe?A.Atourguide.B.Abusdriver.C.Asalesperson.18.WhatisillegalinLosCabos?A.Eatingonabus.B.Beingdrunkinpublic.C.Drinkingwine.19.WhomightconsiderCabosSanLucasanidealdestination?A.Hikinglovers.B.Fansofhistoricsites.C.Watersportslovers.20.WherecantouristslearnaboutthepackagesSuntanToursoffers?A.Fromstreetsellers.B.Atthehoteltheyareheadingto.C.Intomorrow'sinformationexchange.第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AKewGardensisnotonlyapopulartouristdestinationinLondon,butalsoabotanicalgardenandaresearchcenterthathasthelargestcollectionoflivingplantsatasinglesite.So,let'sexploretheRoyalBotanicalGardenswithCGTN'sreporterRobynDwyer.PalmHouseThefirststopisthePalmHouse,agiantindoorrainforestwithawiderangeofplants.Visitorscanenjoytheseuniqueplantswhileresearcherscanstudythesecretsoftheseplants.EatableplantssuchascocoatreeandAfricanoilpalmareallpreservedheretokeepthediversityoffoodresources.Atthesametime,ithousesmanymedicaluseplants,includingsomethatareusedtotreatcancer.TemperateHouseKnownastheworld'slargestVictorianglasshouse,theTemperateHouseishometo1,500speciesofplantsfromtemperateregionsoftheworld.Someofthespecieskeptherehavegoneextinctinthewild,suchasEncephalartoswoodii,acycadfromSouthAfrica.AndsomearealreadyextinctlikeSaintHelenaolive,buttheKewhasstoreditsDNA.Mediterranean（地中海）GardenIntheMediterrneanGarden,onecanseeplantsfromtheSouthernEurope,suchasrosemary,olivesandcorkoak.Walkinginthegarden,onecanfeelthenon-indoorvibe（氛围）oftheMediterraneanandlearnabouttheeconomicaswellasscientificusesoftheseplants.OnInternationalDayforBiologicalDiversitythisyear,joinCGTNtotravelaroundtheworld'snationalparksandreservesacrosssevencontinents.OurnextprogramistovisitpenguinsandsealsintheAntarcticIceAquariumNorway.21.Whatdothethreeplaceshaveincommon?A.Theyallstoreplantsformedicaluse.B.Theyallhaveplantsofeconomicvalue.C.Theyallhouseplantsofsevencontinents.D.Theyallownplantsforscientificresearch.22.Whichonesuitsavisitorpreferringoutdoorsites?A.PalmHouse.B.TemperateHouse.C.MediterraneanGarden.D.AntarcticIceAquarium.23.Whereisthetextmostprobablytakenfrom?A.ATVtravelprogram.B.Abiodiversityessay.C.Atraveladvertisement.D.Abotanicaldictionary.BRecently,myhusbandandthreekidswereplayingintheMediterranean,swimmingandfloatinginthepicture-perfectsea.ItwasextremelybeautifulinMajorca,Spain.ThewaythesundancedacrossthewaterandhowthebluehorizonSwasdottedwithstorybooksailboatsweresuchbeautifulscenes.Ialmostcouldn'tbelievemyeyes.MyhusbandandIalwaysdreamedabouttakingourkidsonatriparoundtheworld.Itwassomethingwealwayswantedtodo“oneday”.Itwasoneofthethingswetalkedatlengthabout,whenweimaginedourlifewiththechildrenwehopedwewouldhave.Fourteenyearslater,wehadthreeboyswhoweregrowingupfasterbytheday.Itwastimetomakegoodonthoseplans.Wespentdozensofhoursdiscussing,researchingandplanning.Wehadtolearnhowto“roadschool”ourkidsandarrangetimeofffromwork.Werenewedourpassports,andthenpackedourbags.Weshowedourkidstheworld.Itwasaboutexperiencingthedozensofflightsandtrainsandtaxistogether.Weshowedthemhowwonderful,howdiverse,andhowamazingtheworldis.Wewantedthemtolearnallthatwehadlearnedourselves,throughourowntravelsasyoungadults.Buttherewassomethingmorethanthat:Whatwereallywantedistoslowdowntime.Wewantedthedaystolastabitlonger,andtheweekstotaketheirtime.Theyearswithourchildrenaregoingtoofast.Wewantedtoputthebrakeson（阻止）ourbusylivesforayear,andjustbewithourkids.Wewantedabreakfromthedailymorningroutineofmakinglunches,eatingbreakfastandrushingoutothedoorintimeforschool.Weneededafamilytime-out.Itwasawonderfultwo-monthtripinEurope,fullofincrediblemoments.Andwhenwelookbackatourlives,Iknowwe'llbegladwedidit.Iknowwe'llbehappythatthisisachapterofthestoryofourfamily.24.Whatwastheauthor'sattitudetowardthetripwhenplanningit?A.Worried.B.Calm.C.Stressed.D.Eager.25.Whatdoestheunderlinedpart“makegoodon"inParagraph3probblymean?A.Change.B.Realize.C.Improve.D.Cancel.26.Whatwastheauthor'smainpurposeoftakingthistrip?A.Toteachherchildrentovaluelife.B.Toallowherchildrentoseetheworld.C.Toenjoyafamilybreakawayfromtheirliferoutine.D.Toenableherchildrentolearnsomethingoutofclass.27.Howdidtheauthorfeelabouttheirtwo-monthstayinEurope?A.Tired.B.Satisfied.C.Inspired.D.Disappointed.CRecentvideosclaimingthataschoolinGanzhou,Jiangxi,servespre-mademealstoitsstudentshavecausedheateddiscussionsacrossthecountry.Peopledoubtifpre-mademeals,despitebeingconvenient,arehealthyandnutritiousenoughforgrowingteenagers.Pre-mademealsrefertohalf-finishedorfinisheddishesthatarealreadycookedorprepared,accordingtotheChinaCuisineAssociation.Thereareseveraltypesofpre-madefoods,includingready-to-eatfood,suchascannedfoodorcookedfoodinpackages,andready-to-heatorready-to-cookfood,whichrequiresheatingorcookingbeforebeingserved.Manypeopletendtothinkthatready-to-heatandready-to-cookfoodsarelessnutritiousbecausetheyusuallyneedtobekeptinfreezersorrefrigerators.“Actuallyfreezingdoesnotcausealossofnutrients,”LiuJunya,a33-year-olddietitianinBeijing,toldTeens.“Nutrientlosstypicallyoccursduringtheheatingorfryingprocess.”VitaminsfromtheBgroupandvitaminCfoundinmeatandvegetablesareheat-sensitiveandcanbelostduringtheprocess.Bybeingheatedorcookedtwiceormore,“pre-madefoodscanbelessnutritiousthanfreshlypreparedandcookedfoods,"Liusaid.Meanwhile,“manypre-madefoodcompaniesweightasteovernutrition,”saidLiu.Thisleadstohigherlevelsofsaltandsugarinthefood,whichmayleadtohealthproblems.Additives（添加剂）arealsoamajorconcernrelatedtopre-madefoods.InChina,therearestrictstandardsforfoodadditives.Currently,China'sfoodindustryhaswell-developedtechniquestopreservepre-madefoodswithouttheoveruseofadditives.Somefoodcanbesterilized（消毒）andthensealedaftercooking，followedbylow-temperaturestorage,allowingforalongershelflife.However,it'sessentialthatcustomersbuypre-mademealsfromqualifiedfoodcompaniesorsupermarkets.Itishopedthatregulations（管理）onpre-mademealscanbestrengthenedtobetterensurenutritionandhygiene.Thisway,“pre-mademealswillbemoreacceptedbythepublic,”Liusaid.28.Whatcanbelearnedaboutpre-mademealsfromthepassage?A.Theyareusuallycostlyandtasty.B.Theytastebetterthanhomemadefood.C.Theyarealreadypartlyorfullycooked.D.Theyarehighinsugar,saltandvitamins.29.WhendoesLiuJunyathinknutrientlosstypicallyoccursinpre-madefoods?A.Duringcooking.B.Duringfreezing.C.Duringpackaging.D.Duringsterilizing.30.Whatdoestheauthorsuggestconsumersdoaboutpre-mademeals?A.Keeppre-mademealsfrozen.B.Checkthecookinginstructions.C.Becarefuloftheadditivesused.D.Buyfromreliablefoodsuppliers.31.WhatdoesLiuJunyathinkofpre-mademeals?A.Theyareaconvenientchoiceforall.B.Theyaresuitablefordailyconsumption.C.Theyshouldbeavoidedforlong-termhealth.D.Theycanbemoreacceptedifcontrolledproperly.DSince2001，robotictoolshavegreatlyaffectedthepracticeofsurgery（外科手术）.Theyhavereducedthestressandphysicaldemandsnormallyplacedonsurgeonsandhavemadecertainprocedurespossible.Oneexampleis“keyholesurgery”,whichnormallyrequiressurgeonstostandatawkwardanglesandmakedifficultmovementswiththeirhandstomakeacutinsidethepatient.ButinJune2022,surgeonJamesAnsellused3Dglassesandtwojoysticks（操纵杆）tocontrolfourroboticarmstoperformaproceduretoremoveacanceroustumor（癌症肿瘤）.“Mycolleaguesaidthatthisfeelslikecheating，”AnsellsaidtoTheGuardian.Anotherareaofsurgerythathashadmajortechnologicalbreakthroughsinrecentyearsistelesurgery.Telesurgery,orremotesurgery,istheuseoftechnologythatallowsasurgeontoperformaprocedureonapatientnotinthesamephysicallocation.Normally,telesurgeryreliesonawiredconnectionforfearthatawirelessconnectiondropsduringsurgery.ButChinahasmadeseveraladvancementsinwirelesstelesurgerybasedon5Gtechnology.Chinaachievedthefirst5G-basedremoteoperationinMarch2019involvingabrainsurgeryprocedurebetweenasurgeoninSanyaandapatientinBeijing,adistancetotalingnearly3,000kilometers,reportedCGTN.Morerecently,ateamofsurgeonssuccessfullycompletedremotemicron-leveleyesurgeryonrabbitslocatedinadifferentcity,reportedChinaDaily.TherabbitswereattheSunYat-senUniversityinGuangzhou,Guangdongprovince,butthesurgicalteamwhooperatedonthemviaa5GrobotwereattheHainanEyeHospitalinHaikou,Hainanprovince.Lookingtothefuture,peoplehopethatremotesurgerycouldbecomecommontohelphealinjuredsoldiersonthebattlefieldwhilekeepingsurgeonsatasafedistance.Someevenbelievethatroboticsystems,combinedwithAI,couldonedaysurpass（超过）humansurgeons.But,inconsiderationofcurrenttechnologicallimitationsandthehighcostsoftheserobots,thecompleterobottakeoverofsurgerymaystillhavealongwaytogo.32.Whatdoesthe“keyholesurgery"exampleintendtoshow?A.Thedifficultyofroboticsurgery.B.Theprogressachievedbyrobotictools.C.Theneedforadvanced5Dtechnology.D.Thephysicalchallengessurgeonsface.33.WhatgreatachievementhasChinamadeinthefieldoftelesurgery?A.Achievingremotesurgeryusingawiredconnection.B.Completingremoteeyesurgeryonhumanssuccessfully.C.Doingthefirstwirelessbrainsurgerywith5Gtechnology.D.Conductingthefirst5G-basedremoteoperationonrabbits.34.Whatcanbeinferredaboutrobotsinthemedicalfield?A.Theystillneedimproving.B.Theyhavebeenwidelyadopted.C.Theyarecurrentlyingreatdemand.D.Theyhavesurpassedhumancapabilities.35.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A.Thebenefitsofroboticsurgery.B.China'sachievementsinsurgery.C.Thedevelopmentinmedicalrobotics.D.Theuseof5Gtechnologyinroboticsurgery.第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。Haveyoueverhadtowaitinlineatastoreandfoundyourselfavoidingeyecontact,whetherwithemployeesorothercustomers?Youmayhopeitiseasiertomeetnewpeopleorfeelateaseataparty.___36____Thisarticlewillshowhowtoreachouttoothersandstartpotentialfriendships.·Stopworryingabouttheoutcome.___37____Butnoteveryconversationwillleadtoanewfriend.Itiscompletelynormaltofeelnervousabouttheideaofstrikingupaconversationwithsomeoneyoudon'tknow.Formanypeople,itcanbedifficulttoovercomethefearofsayingsomethingwrong.Rememberthatrealconversationscanleadtoincreasedself-confidenceandlastingfriendships.·___38____Rememberthatbeingtruetoyourselfismoreimportantthanwhatstrangersthink.Whoyouareisnolessimportantthanwhoanyoneelseis.Everypersonhastheirownstoryandjourney,andyoursisjustasimportantasanyoneelse's.___39____·Don'tsharetoomuchtooquickly.Itcansometimesbeeasytosharealittletoomuchinformationaboutyourself,especiallyifyouareexcitedoranxiouswhenengagingwithstrangers.___40____Rememberthatyouaresimplystrikingupsmalltalkwithsomeone,nottryingtoturnthemintoyourinstantbestfriends.A.Shareyourimportantstories.B.Thishelpstoadvanceyourfriendship.C.Don'tcarewhatstrangersmaythinkofyou.D.Sobeproudofyourselfandbehonestwithyourself.E.Learningtotalktostrangerscanbechallengingbutfun.F.Butoversharinginformationmayleadtoanuncomfortablesituation.G.Aconversationisacommonwaytostartarelationshipwithstrangers.第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Itwas5p.m.atthemarket,theworsttimeofdaytoshop.Iwastheretopickupafew___41___:creamforcoffee,eggsforbreakfastandmedicineformyheadache.I'dbeenrushingalldaydoingjobsforpeople,soIdidnot__42___todoshopping.ButI___43___persuadedmyselfitwasmylaststopbeforegoinghometoputupmyfeet．Afterparkingthecar，I___44___abaginthetrunk（后备箱）andfoundashoppingcart.Themarketwasn'tas___45____asIhadexpected.Itookapackageofflourandsomejuice.That'swhenIsawher.Sheseemedtobe11monthsoldwithblondcurlsandblueeyes,socutethatIwas___46___toher.Then,IdidwhatIalwaysdowithchildren:Igavehermybestsmile.Thatisa___47___Ihavekeptforlong.ItstaredwhenIhadmyfirstchild,inthatunforgettableand__48___moment.Sometimesmysmilewould___49___,butitneverleftmyfaceforlong.I've___50___thateveryoneneedsasmilesometimes,youngandold,even___51___likethelittlegirlatthemarket.Ittookherawhiletodecidehowtoreacttomysmile.Then,herface___52___.WhenIwavedgoodbye,sheblewmeakiss.Thatputasmileonmyface.Iwasstillfullof___53___whenIgothomeandrealizedIdforgottentogetmymedicine.However,Ididn't___54___it.Myheadachewasgone.Wanttochangetheworld?Trysmiling.Someonewillsmilebackatyou.Iguarantee（保证）it．Ifyou＇re___55___enough，maybethey＇llevenblowyouakissandmakeyourheadachegoaway.41.A.presentsB.essentialsC.favoritesD.luxuries42.A.agreeB.hesitateC.intendD.wait43.A.firmlyB.secretlyC.ultimatelyD.gradually44.A.grabbedB.preparedC.selectedD.emptied45.A.modernB.specialC.convenientD.crowded46.A.attractedB.relatedC.introducedD.exposed47.A.promiseB.habitC.celebrationD.routine48.A.terribleB.urgentC.heartbreakingD.life-changing49.A.workB.fadeC.returnD.stay50.A.learnedB.clarifiedC.predictedD.proved51.A.customersB.employeesC.strangersD.witnesses52.A.hidawayB.frozeupC.turnedawayD.lightedup53.A.astonishmentB.expectationC.certaintyD.joy54.A.mentionB.needC.resistD.deny55.A.fortunateB.optimisticC.outstandingD.patient第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式，并将答案填写在答题卡相应的位置上。From“pocketparks”betweencommunitiestoforestparksintheoutercities,localgovernmentsare__56_(ambition)tomakeChina'scitiesgreener.That's__57__therearemoreparksincitiesthesedays.From2021to2022,Shanghaitransformed62woodlandsintoleisurespaces.Theseleisurespacesopenupforests,__58__allowsvisitorstoenjoynaturalbeautyaswellaswildlife.Inurban__59__(area),morecompaniesanduniversitiesaresharingtheirgreenery.Forinstance,theShanghaiResearchInstituteofSportsScienceopenedits1,000-square-metergreenspacetothepublic.__60__(join)byhistoricalbuildingsinthearea,theparkcanprovidemorespacefortouriststorest.Apartfrommeetingpeople'sneeds,parkscanalsodogoodtotheenvironment.TakeBeijing'sCentralGreenForestPark__61__anexample.Sinceitwasopenedin2020，thepark__62__（reach）carbonneutrality（碳中和）．Itmeansalthoughthepark'sfacilitiesproducecarbondioxide,morecanbe__63__(take)inbytheplantsthere.Theparkalsofullyreusesrainwaterandcreatesgreenenergy__64__(supply)thepark.AscitiesinChinabecomegreener,“parkcities"arebecomingareality.Theconceptofaparkcitywas__65__(initial)putforwardin2018.Itisaconceptthattakestheformofanimprovednaturalenvironmentinallaspects,notedChinaDaily.第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）第一节（满分15分）假设你校英文报将增设一个栏目ScienceWorld，请用英语写一篇栏目介绍。内容包括：1