新概念英语第三册+Lesson+54+Instinct+or+cleverness+课堂笔记

Lesson54Instinctorcleverness?是本能还是机智、Wehavebeenbroughtuptofearinsects.Weregardthemasunnecessarycreatures（thatdomoreharmthangood定语从句）.Wecontinuallywagewaronthem,（fortheycontaminateourfood,carrydiseases,ordevourourcrops.原因状语从句）我们自幼就在对昆虫的惧怕中长大。我们把昆虫当作害多益少的无用东西。人类不断同昆虫斗争，因为昆虫弄脏我们的食物，传播疾病，吞噬庄稼。bringup抚养，养育=raiseregardAasB把A看作B=seeAasBwage(n.)薪水（周），工资(v.)实行，进行wage（awar）onsb.开始，进行（战争，运动等）eg.没有国家愿意打核战争。Nocountryiswillingtowageanuclearwar.警方正向毒品分子开战。Thepolicearewagingawaronthedrugdealer.向邻国开战wageawarontheneighbouringcountrycontaminate（vt.）弄脏，污染eg.饮用水被污染了。Drinkingwateriscontaminated.他们正在污染我们年轻人的心灵。Theyarecontaminatingouryoungpersons’minds.devour(vt.)吞食（食物），吞噬，毁灭eg.她如饥似渴地读这本新的侦探小说。Shedevouredthisnewdetectivestory.大火吞噬了大片森林。Thebigfiredevouredahugeareaofforest.2、Theystingorbitewithoutprovocation;theyflyuninvitedintoourroomsonsummernights,orbeatagainstourlightedwindows.Weliveindreadnotonlyofunpleasantinsectslikespidersorwasps,butofquiteharmlessonelikemoths.它们无缘无故地又叮又咬；夏天的晚上，它们未经邀请便飞到我们房间里，或者对着露出亮光的窗户乱扑乱撞。我们在日常生活中，不但憎恶如蜘蛛、黄蜂之类令人讨厌的昆虫，而且憎恶并无大害的飞蛾等。provocation(n.)激怒，挑衅provoke(v.)激怒（某人），挑衅eg.我不容易被激怒，但是这种行为无法容忍。Iamnoteasilyprovoked,butthisbehaviorisintolerable.如果你挑衅狗，它会咬你。Ifyouprovokethedogs,theywillbitevokesb.intodoingsth.刺激某人做某事eg.他粗鲁的言论刺激我生气了。Hisrudewords/remarksprovokedmeintobeingangry.uninvited不受邀请的（非谓语动词done，作定语，表被动，修饰they）beindreadof害怕=beafraidofnotonly…but…不仅…而且…3、Readingaboutthemincreasesourunderstandingwithoutdispellingourfears.Knowingthattheindustriousantlivesinahighlyorganizedsocietydoesnothingtopreventusfrombeingfilledwithrevulsion（whenwefindhordesofthemcrawlingoveracarefullypreparedpicniclunch时间状语从句）.阅读有关昆虫的书能增加我们对它们的了解，却不能消除我们的恐惧的心理。即使知道勤奋的蚂蚁生活具有高度组织性的社会里，当看到大群蚂蚁在我们精心准备的午间野餐上爬行时，我们也无法抑制对它们的反感。dispel(v.)消除，驱散eg.dispelone’sanger/rumour/worryindustrious(adj.)勤奋的=hard-workingpreventsb.fromdoingsth.阻止某人做某事revulsion(n.)厌恶eg.asenseofrevulsion厌恶感revolt(vt.)厌恶berevoltedby对…感到厌恶eg.我很讨厌他随地吐痰的恶习。Iamextremelyrevoltedbyhisbadhabitofspitting.hordesof一大群，一大帮（贬）=ahordeof=abandofeg.ahordeoffans/shoppers/touristscrawl(v.)爬（向前爬），自由泳climb(v.)爬（向上爬）4、Nomatterhowmuchwelikehoney,orhowmuchwehavereadabouttheuncannysenseofdirection（whichbeespossess定语从句）,wehaveahorrorofbeingstung.Mostofourfearsareunreasonable,buttheyareimpossibletoerase.Atthesametime,however,insectsarestrangelyfascinating.Weenjoyreadingaboutthem,especially（whenwefind（that,liketheprayingmantis,theyleadperfectlyhorriblelives时间状语从句/宾语从句）.不管我们多么爱吃蜂蜜，或读过多少关于蜜蜂具有神秘的识别方向的灵感的书，我们仍然十分害怕被蜂蜇。我们的恐惧大部分是没有道理的，但去无法消除。同时，不知为什么昆虫又是迷人的。我们喜欢看有关昆虫的书，尤其是当我们了解螳螂等过着一种令人生畏的生活时，就更加爱读有关昆虫的书了。uncanny(adj.)异乎寻常的，神奇的eg.Thesilencewasuncanny.静得异常。一个神奇的巧合。anuncannycoincidence她的预测证明异乎寻常地准确。Herpredictionsprovedtobeuncannilyaccurate.possess(v.)拥有=own=have=beinpossessionof（beinthepossessionof被…拥有）stingstungstung刺，蜇，叮atthesametime同时=meanwhile=inthemeantimefascinating(adj.)迷人的=interestingfascinated(adj.)感到着迷的=interestedbefascinatedin…=beinterestedin…对…非常感兴趣prayingmantis螳螂leadone’slife过着…的生活5、Weenjoystaringatthem,entranced（astheygoabouttheirbusiness时间状语从句）,unaware(wehope)ofourpresence.Whohasnotstoodinaweatthesightofaspiderpouncingonafly,oracolumnofantstriumphantlybearinghomeanenormousdeadbeetle?我们喜欢入迷地看它们做事，它们不知道（但愿如此）我们就在它们身边。当看到蜘蛛扑向一只苍蝇时，一队蚂蚁抬着一只巨大的死甲虫凯旋归时，谁能不感到敬畏呢？stare(vi.)盯着stareatsth.=fixone’seyesonsth.entrance(n.)入口，进口（v.）使某人着迷beentrancedby被…迷住eg.我被美丽的风景迷住了。Iwasentrancedbythebeautyspot.presence(n.)在场——present(adj.)在场的awe(n.)敬畏[U]be/standinaweofsth./sb.敬畏…eg.她初见金字塔时，敬畏之感油然而生。Herfirstviewofthepyramidsfilledherwithawe.人们应该敬畏大自然。Peopleshouldbeinaweofthenature.pounceon猛扑，突袭acolumnof一列（军队）triumphantly（adv.）得意洋洋地bear=carry携带6、LastsummerIspentdaysinthegardenwatchingthousandsofantscrawlingupthetrunkofmyprizepeachtree.Thetreehasgrownagainstawarmwallonashelteredsideofthehouse.Iamespeciallyproudofit,notonly（becauseithassurvivedseveralseverewinters,butbecauseitoccasionallyproduceslusciouspeaches原因状语从句）.去年夏天，我花了好几天时间站在花园里观察成千只蚂蚁爬上我那棵心爱的桃树的树干。那棵树是靠着房子有遮挡的一面暖墙生长的。我为这棵树感到特别自豪，不仅因为它度过了几个寒冬终于活了下来，而且还因为它有时结出些甘甜的桃子来。sb.spendsometime(in)doingsth.某人花了…时间做某事sheltered(adj.)远离危险的，不受坏事影响的eg.她在乡村过着不受影响的生活。Sheleadsashelteredlifeinthecountryside.shelter(n.)避难所beproudof以…自豪、骄傲occasionally(adv.)偶尔，有时候=sometimes=onceinawhileluscious(adj.)美味多汁的=deliciousandjuicyeg.lusciouswatermelon/fruit美味多汁的西瓜/水果aglassoflusciouswine一杯甘醇的红酒7、Duringthesummer,Inoticed（thattheleavesofthetreewerebeginningtowither宾语从句）.Clustersoftinyinsectscalledaphidsweretobefoundontheundersideoftheleaves.Theywerevisitedbyalargecolonyofants（whichobtainedasortofhoneyfromthem定语从句）.Iimmediatelyembarkedonanexperiment（which,eventhoughiffailedtogetridoftheants,keptmefascinatedfortwenty-fourhours）.到了夏天，我发现树叶开始枯萎，结果在树叶背面找到成串的叫作蚜虫小虫子。蚜虫遭到一窝蚂蚁的攻击，蚂蚁从它们身上可以获得一种蜜。我当即动手作了一项试验，这项试验尽管没有使我摆脱这些蚂蚁，却使我着迷了24小时。wither(v.)枯萎，凋谢clustersof一丛，一簇=aclusterofeg.aclusterofflowers/tallbuildings/peoplea(large)colonyof一（大）群（生活或生长在同一地方的植物或动物）embarkedon开始从事getridof除去，摆脱8、Iboundthebaseofthetreewithstickytape,makingitimpossiblefortheantstoreachtheaphids.Thetapewassostickythattheydidnotdaretocrossit.Foralongtime.Iwatchedthemscurryingaroundthebaseofthetreeinbewilderment.Ievenwentoutatmidnightwithatorchandnotedwithsatisfaction(andsurprise)thattheantswerestillswarmingaroundthestickytapewithoutbeingabletodoanythingaboutit.我用一条胶带把桃树底部包上，不让蚂蚁接近蚜虫。胶带极粘，蚂蚁不敢从上面爬过。在很长一段时间里，我看见蚂蚁围着大树底部来回转悠，不知所措。半夜，我还拿着电筒来到花园里，满意地（同时惊奇地）发现那些蚂蚁还围着胶带团团转。无能为力。bound(v.)捆，扎，绑=