名师原创：Unit1-单元语法详解课件（二）

Unit1ANewStart单元语法详解(二)原创Cao

2021,4现在分词作状语◆现在分词的前世今生现在分词,又称动词的–ing形式，即在动词后面加ing构成，是分词的一种，与过去分词相对，是非谓语动词中的一种形式，常在句子中充当定语，表语，补语，状语，它既有动词的性质，可以有自己的宾语和状语，又有形容词和副词的性质，可以充当表语，定语，状语，补足语。现在分词有一般式：doing；一般被动式：beingdone完成式：havingdone；完成被动式：havingbeendone.否定结构是在

-ing前面加not.现在分词在本单元中扮演的角色：充当状语◆原句再现Turningaround,Isawawhite-hairedman.Lookingbackonmyhighschoollife,themostimportantadviceI’dgiveisthesewonderfulwordsfromthewriterMayaAngelou.◆详细分解时间状语原因状语条件状语结果状语让步状语伴随状语现在分词充当状语→→一、现在分词时间状语,相当于时间从句⑴现在分词一般式作时间状语，例如：a.Hearingthenews,

alljumpedwithjoy.=Whentheyheardthenews,…b.

Readingcarefully,

hefoundsomethingnew.=Whenhereadcarefully，…c.

Arrivingatthebusstop,

hefoundTomthere.=Whenhearrivedatthebusstop,…d.Walkinginthepark,

shecameacrossafriend.

=Whenshewaswalkinginthepark,…小结1:现在分词一般式作时间状语时,时间上与主句时间相同;句法功能上相当于when/while引的时间状语从句。⑵现在分词完成式havingdone

作时间状语，例如：a.Havingfinishedhishomework,

hewenttobed.=Afterhehadfinishedhishomework,…b.Havingwonthegame,

allofthemsanganddancedallnight.=Aftertheyhadwonthegame,…c.Havingbeentoldthatherdaughtergotsick,

shehurriedtotheschooltotakeherhome.=Aftershewastoldthatherdaughtergotsick,…小结

2:完成式havingdone作时间状语，在时间上，havingdone表示的动作发生在主句谓语动作之前；句法功能上,相当于after引导的时间状语从句二、现在分词作原因状语=because引导的原因状语从句。⑴现在分词一般式作原因状语，例如：a.Readingveryattentively,

heforgotthetimeforlunch.=Becausehewasreadingveryattentively,…b.Beingillyesterday,

hedidn’tcometoschool.=becausehewasillyesterday,…c.Notknowingheraddress,

hewenttoaskforhelp.=Becausehedidn’tknowheraddress,…⑵现在分词完成式havingdone作原因状语,例如：a.Havinglivedinthecountryformanyyears,

sheknowshowtogrowvegetables.=Becauseshehaslivedinthecountryforyears,…b.Nothavingreceivedanynewsforalongtime,sheisbecomingmoreandmorehomesick.=Becauseshehasnotreceivedanynewsformhomeforalongtime,…小结3:现在分词作原因状语,相当于一个原因状语从句;根据时间关系使用一般式或完成式。三、现在分词作条件状语,等于if引导的条件状语句,例如：a.

Turningtotheleft,

youwillfindhim.=Ifyouturntotheleft,…b.Readingcarefully,

youwilllearnsth.new.=Ifyoureadcarefully,…四、现在分词作结果状语，表示由前面的情况导致的结果或后果，例如：a.Thebuswascaughtinasnowstorm,thus

causingthedelay.b.Themandrankupthewater,

leavinganemptybottle.c.helefthalfway,

makingusunhappy.五、现在分词作让步状语=让步状语从句，例如：a.

Beingill,

hekeptongoingtoschoolasusual.

=Thoughhewasill,…b.Havingmetthewordfortimes,

Idon’tknowit.=ThoughIhavemetthewordfortimes,…c.Havingbeentoldmanytimes,

Istillcouldn’tunderstandit.=ThoughIhavebeentoldmanytimes,…六、现在分词作伴随状语或方式状语，相当于并列谓语动词,例如：a.Theywalkedalongthestreet,

talkingandlaughing.b.Theystoodbytheroadside

talkingabouttheplan.c.Shesatatthewindow,

readingthelatestnews.d.Shecametous,

runningveryquickly.=Thewalkedalongthestreet,talkedandlaughed=Theystoodbytheroadsideandtalkedabouttheplan=Shesatthewindowandreadthelatestnews=Shecametousandranveryquicklye.Followingaguide,

westartedtoclimbthehill.=Wefollowedaguideandstartedtoclimbthehill考点感悟①现在分词的否定形式：Not+doing/havingdonea.Not

having

receivedanynewsforalongtime,sheisbecomingmoreandmorehomesick.b.Not

knowing

heraddress,hewenttoaskforhelp.②注意时间关系：如果动作发生在主句动作之前,现在分词就用完成式havingdone;如果动作与主句动作同时发生或在主句动作之后发生,现在分词就用一般式doing,例如：a.

Hearing

thenews,alljumpedwithjoy.b.

Havingfinished

hishomework,hewenttobed.③抓住主被动关系：看现在分词和主语是主谓关系还是动宾关系，如果是主谓关系就用主动，动宾关系就用被动，例如：a.

Havingbeentold

manytimes,

I

stillcouldn’tunderstandit.b.

Havingfinished

hishomework,

he

wenttobed.④时刻注意现在分词逻辑主语和主句主语一致，例如：a.

Readingcarefully,

hefoundsthnew.=When

he

readcarefully,

he…b.

Beingillyesterday,

he

didn’tcometoschool=because

he

wasillyesterday,

he…◆即学即练1.

__________

(rise)

fromtheeast,the

sunlooksbigandbeautiful.2.___________

(last)twohours,themeetingended

finally.3.

______________

(realise)

thathewaswrong,heapologizedatonce.4.

________________(tell)thegoodnewsbefore,hewasnotexcited.5.Theoldsatunderatree,_________(think).6.________(be)ill,thescientistkeptonworking.在空白处填入括号内单词的适当形式RisingLastingHavingrealisedHavingbeentoldthinkingBeing7.

Theylefthalfway,

_________(make)meconfused.8.

_____