人教版八年级上册英语语法大全

学习好资料欢迎下载学习好资料欢迎下载学习好资料欢迎下载人教版八年级上册英语语法大全1.否定句型1一般否定句Idontknowthis.Nonewsisgoodnews.Thereisnopersonsmoke/notaperson/notanypersonsmokeinthehouse.2特指否定Hewenttohisofficenottoseehim.Iamsorryfornotcomingontime.Idontthink/believe/suppose/feel/imagineyouareright.3部分否定Alltheanswersarenotright//AllisnotgoldthatglittersIdontknowallofthem.//Icantseeeverybody/everything.Bothofthemarenotright.4全体否定Noneofmyfriendssmoke.//Icanseenothing/nobody.Neitherofthemisright.//Nothingcanbesosimpleasthis.5延续否定Youdidntseehimneither/nordidI.YoudontknowIdontknoweither.HedoesntknowEnglishletalone/tosaynothingof/nottospeakof更不用说French.6半否定句Weseldom/hardly/scarcely/barelyhearsuchfinesinging.IknowlittleEnglish.Isawfewpeople.7双重否定Youcantmakesomethingoutofnothing.//Whatsdonecannotbeundone.Thereisnosweetwithoutsweat.//Nogainwithoutpains.Icanthelp/keep/laughingwheneverIhearit.Nomanissooldbutthathecanlearn.8排除否定Everyoneisreadyexceptyou.//Hedidnothingbutplay.ButforyourhelpIcouldntdoit.9加强否定Iwontdoitatall.//Icantseeitanymore.//Heisnolongeraboy.2.判断句型1一般判断句ItisimportantforustolearnEnglish.Itiskindofyoutohelpmesinceremeanshonest.Theboyiscalled/namedTom.Weregarded/consideritasanhonor.2强调判断ItisEnglishthatweshouldlearn.//Itishewhohelpedmealot.3弱式判断Yoursentencedoesntsound/look/appear/feelright.Youlook/seemasif/asthoughtyouhadbeentherebefore.Maybe/Perhaps/sheisill.Heisprobablyill.//Heislikelyill.//Itispossiblethatheislate4注释判断HecanremembersomanyEnglishwordsthatistosayheisalivingdictionary.活字典5正反判断Thatsoundsallrightbutinfactitisnot.6比较判断Itismoreapicturethanapoem.7互斥判断Heoryouarewrong.EitherheisrightorIam.3.祝愿祁使句式1一般句式Studyhardandkeepfit.BebraveDontbeshyGetoutofhere.2强语式Dotellme.Nevertellalie.3委婉祈使句Pleasetellmethetrue.Would/Will/WontdomeafavorWould/DoyoumindmysmokingWhat/How/aboutgoingonfoot4建议祈使句Letusgo.Letusknowthetime.Dontletthefireout.Letsnotwastethetime.Youdbetterstartearly.ShallwelistentosomemusicWhydontyougetsomethingtodrinkSuppose/supposingyoupickmeupataboutsixIsuggestweshouldtakethetrain.5祝愿句Successtoyou//Wishyouagoodjourney.Mayyouhaveahappymarriage.//HerestoyoursuccessAllowmetoproposeatoasttoourfriendship4.感叹句型Howwellhespeaks//Howkindsheis//WhataniceweatheritisHerehecomes//Suchislife//Wonderful//Help5.疑问句型1一般疑问句Isheadoctor//Doyouthewaytothestation2反意疑问句Heisateacherisnthe//Itisquitecheapdontyouthink3特殊疑问句Whatisthedistance/width/size/population/temperature/fareWhoisheWhatishe干什么的//Whatishelike//HowisheHowdoyoulikehim//WhatdoyouthinkofhimWhateverdoyoumeanbysayingthis4选择疑问句Heisadoctororanurse5间接疑问句Doyouknowhowoldheis//Tellmeifwhetheryoulikeit.Whatdoyouthink/say/supposeIshoulddo6.数词句型1表数目Itisexactlytenoclock.//Itisfivemilesawayfromhere.Heismorethan/over/atleastnotlessthan20.Heisunder/atmost/nomorethan20.2表年月日HewasbornonApril221994/in1994onthemorningofOct.1.3表年龄Heis20yearsold/yearsofage.//Heisattheageof10.4表倍数Itisfourtimesthatoflastyears.Thisisfourtimesasbigagainasthatone.Thisisfourtimesbiggerthanthatone.Theincomeisdoublewhatitwas.Theoutputofcoalwas200greaterthanin1998.5表计量Itis10meterslong/wide/high.//Itcostsme100yuan.Ispent10hourstofinishit.//Ittookme10daystofinishit.Itisworth100yuan.7.关联指代句型1两项关连IhavetwobooksoneisChinesetheotherEnglish.IhavefivebooksoneisChinesetheothersEnglish.Tosayisonethingbut/and/todoisanother.OnetheonehandIamyourteacherandontheotherhandIamalsoyoufriend.Someliketoplayfootballothersarefondofbasketball.2先后顺序First/firstlyIwishgoodhealthsecond/secondlysuccessinyourstudythird/thirdlygoodluckineverything.Firststopthenlookfinallycross.Atfirst/inthebeginning/hewordhard.Later/Afterwardsheisnotsodiligent.3修饰限制ThisisthesamebookasIlostyesterday.ThisisthesamebookthatIlostyesterday.同一本书Donttrustsuchamanasoverpraiseyou.He/One/Those/Theywhoshouldcomefailedtoappear.Aman/Aperson/Theone/Anyone/Peoplewhosawherlikedherverymuch.Theday/time/momentwillcomewhenChinaisstrongestintheworld.4两项连接HecanspeaknotonlyEnglishbutalsoFrench.Thebookisbothinterestingandinstructive.Itisneithercoldnorhot.Pleaseeithercomeinorgoout.Theoldworkerhasexperienceandknowledgeaswell.5加和关系Besidesliteraturewehavegrammarandwriting.Apartfromoxygentherearesomeothergasesintheair.Inadditiontoquotifquotthereismanyotherconjunctionsthatcanintroduceconditionalclauses.Imustgonowincidentallyifyouwantthatbook.YouseemtoliketeasodoI.8.比较句型1等比句HeisastallasI.//HeisthesameheightasI.Sheisnolessdiligentthanhe.Thelabisnobetterthanacottage.2差比句IspeakEnglishworsethanhedoes.//Heisnotso/astallasIam.Ourknowledgeismuchinferiortotheir.3极比句Heisthetallestofallintheclass.None/Noone/issoblindasthosethatwontsee.Nothingissoeasyasthis.4比例句Themoreamanknowsthemorehefeelshisignorance无知.5择比句HeistallerthananyotherboyintheclassItisbetterlatethannever.//TheywoulddiethanliveasslavesHeprefersdoingtotalking//Hepreferstodoratherthantotalk.HeprefersmathematicstoEnglish.//Idratherstayhere.6对比句YouthinkmeidlebutonthecontraryIambusy.Theyareworkinghardwhileyouarewastingyourtime.9.比喻句型Wemustworklikehim.//Hebehavesashisfatherdoes.HespeaksEnglishasif/thoughhewasaforeigner.10.条件假设句1一般事实IfwesucceedwhatwillthepeoplesaySupposeitrainswhatshallwedoPersevere坚持andyoullsucceed.2虚拟条件句IfIwereyouIwouldgo.//Ifyouhadseenityouwouldhavebeenmoved.3反条件句Unlessyoutryyoullneversucceed.//Dontmoveor/else/otherwiseIllshot.4唯一条件句IfonlyIhaveanotherchanceIshalldobetter.OnlyinthiswaycanwelearnEnglishwell.So/Aslongaswedontloseheartwellsucceed.5推论条件句Sincethatissothereisnomoretosay.Nowthatyouaregrownupyoumuststopthisbehavior.11.时间句型1一般时WhenIseehimIlltellhim.2表同时Youllgrowwiserasyougrowolder.Workwhileyouworkplaywhileyouplay.Heworkedatthesame/inthemeantimehelistenedtothemusic.3限制时Every/eachtimewhenIwenttohishousehewasout.Bythetimethatwegottherehewasout.4交替时Sometimeshesingssometimeshedances.Atonetimethebabycriesatanotherittalks.5先时Istoppedhembeforehebegantotalkwithme.6后时IlltellyouafterIfinishit.7紧接时AssoonasIseehimIlltellhim.Onceyoubeginyoumustcontinue.Theverymoment/instantthatIsawhimIrecognizedhim.Onhearingthenewsshebustintotears.HardlyhadIseenthelightwhenIheardaloudthundering.8延续时IhaventseenhimsinceIcamehere.Afriendisneverknowtill/untilamanhaveneed.12.地点句型1一般地点WherehaveyoubeenWherethereisawillthereisaway.2方位HebeiliesintheeastofChina.JapanisliestotheeastofChina.Thehousefacestothesouth.HeissittingatthefrontoftheclassroomHeisstandinginfrontof/beforeme.Heissittingatthebackof/behindme.Heissittinginthebackof/attherearoftheclassroom.Heissittingnextto/besidesme.Heissittingcloseto/nearme.Atthetopof/Ontopoftheshelftherearesomebooks.Heissittingontheleft/right.ThemountainyouseetotherightisthePurpleMountain.13.原因句型Hedidntgotoschoolbecausehewasill.Sinceweareallhereletsbeginourmeeting.Itmightrainyesterdayforthegroundwaswet.Nowthatwehavefinishedtheworkwecangohome.Iamgladtomeetyou.IamsorrythatIhearthat.Thankyouforyourhelp.Thatiswhyhefailedtocome.Hedidntcomebecauseof/onaccountoftheweather.Hewentoutofcuriosity.Isucceededthankstohishelp.Thisfailureisduetothefacttheylackexperience.Owingtoourjointeffortsthetaskwasfulfilled.WhatarestudyingEnglishforForwhatreasondidyouchoosethisWhatsthepointofaskinghistodothatHowcomeyounevertoldmeaboutitWhatwiththewindandwhatwiththerainourwalkwasspoiled.14.目的句型Hestoppedasidesothatshecouldgoin.Hesitsinthefrontinorderthathecanseewordsclearly.Hegetsupearlysoasto/inordertohavetimetodoexercises.Herepeateditforfearthatthereshouldbeanymistake.15.结果句型Itwasverycoldsothattheriverfroze.Theycostalotofmoneyso/thereforeweusethemcarefully.Heissuchagoodmanthateveryonelikeshim.Heransofastthatnoonecouldcatchhim.Hehurriedtothehouseonlytofindthatitwasempty.Iwascaughtintherain.AsaresultIhadabadcold.16.程度句型HowoftendoyouwritetoyourparentsHowlongdoyoustayathomeItissobeautifulthatweallloveit.Itistoobigforyou.Heistooexcitedtospeak.Heisnotoldenoughtoknowthis.ThelettermustbesentassoonaspossibleYoumustworkashardasyoucan.AsfarasIknowIcanspeakonlyEnglish.17.让步句型Though/Althoughheisrichyet/stillhedoesntshowoff.Yangasheisheknowalotofthings.Evenif/thoughhesucceededhewasnotproud.NomatterwhatyousayIllstilltrytodoit.Keepcalmwhateverhappens.Inspiteofthiswemustgoaheadwithourplans.Regardlessofallthedifficultieswellfightitouttotheend.18.转折句型Isearchedeverywherebutcouldnotfindhim.Youmaygoonlyreturnquickly.Heisseriouslyillstillthereishopeofhisrecovery.Itlookedlikerainhoweveritwasclearintheafternoon.Heisstillyoungyetheishighupintheposition.HedidnttellmethetruthIknowitthough.19.省略句Ithink/say/suppose/expect/believe/hopeso.Whynotcomeearliernexttime反义疑问句（TheDisjunctiveQuestion）又叫附加疑问句。它表示提问人的看法，没有把握，需要对方证实。反义疑问?溆闪讲糠肿槌桑呵耙徊糠质且桓龀率鼍洌笠徊糠质且桓黾蚨痰囊晌示洌讲糠值娜顺剖碧Ρ３忠恢隆?．陈述部分肯定式疑问部分否定式2．陈述部分否定式疑问部分肯定式Theyworkharedon’ttheyShewasillyesterdaywasn’tsheYoudidn’tgodidyouHecan’trideabikecanhe请注意以下句型的反义疑问句的用法：1．当陈述部分的主语是Ieveryoneeverythingnobody时，后面的疑问句应表示为：Iamastudentaren’tIEveryoneisintheclassroomaren’ttheyEverythingbeginstogrowinspringdoesn’titNobodywillgowillthey2.当陈述部分有never，seldomhardly，few，little，barelyscarcelynothing等否定词时，后面的疑问句则表示为：TherearefewapplesinthebasketarethereHecanhardlyswimcanheTheyseldomcomelatedothey3.当陈述部分是Ithink加从句时，疑问句应和从句的人称时态保持一致。Ithinkchickenscanswimcan’ttheyIthinkLucyisagoodgirlisn’tsheIdidntthinkhewashappywashe4.陈述部分有hadbetter时，疑问句应用hadn’t开头：you’dbettergetupearlyhadn’tyou5.当陈述部分是祈使句时，疑问句要根据语气来表达：Let’sgooutforawalkshallweLetusgoourforawalkwillyouTurnontheradiowillyou6.反义疑问句的回答用yes，no，但是，当陈述部分是否定形式时，回答要按事实。如：Theydon’tworkharddothey他们不太努力工作，是吗？Yestheydo.不，他们工作努力。/Notheydon’t.对，他们工作不努力。一、反意疑问句的一般情况1．当陈述部分的主语是：等everyoneeverybodysomeonenoonenobodysomebody合成代词时，附加疑问句的主语非正式文体中往往they用。（也可以按语法一致原则用单数。）2．当陈述部分以one不定代词做主语时，附加问句的主语在正式常场用one，非正式场合用he。（3．当陈述部分的主语是不定式、动名词、从句、this或that，附加疑问句的主语用it。是thosethese则用they）4．当陈述部分的主语是表示物的不定代词everythinganythingnothing等，附加问句的主语用it。5．陈述部分带有否定词或半否定词，例如：neverhardlyscarcelyseldomnononenoonerarelynowherenothingnobodyfewlittle等，附加疑问句的动词要用肯定形式。6．如果陈述部分中的否定词仅带有否定的前缀或后缀，那么该陈述句应作肯定句处理，附加疑问句应用否定形式。二、常见句型的反意疑问句7．当陈述部分是therebe存在句型时，附加疑问句的主语也用there。8．感叹句的附加疑问句，其谓语要求用否定句。9．祈使句后面的附加疑问句问题A祈使句是否定形式，附加疑问句只能用willyou。B祈使句是肯定形式，附加疑问句用肯定、否定均可。CLet开头的祈使句要注意：1.Let’s在意义上包含谈话的对方在内，表示提出建议或征求对方意见，其反意疑问句往往用shallwe。2.Letus在意义上一般不包含谈话的对方在内，表示请求对方允许做某事的含义，let有allow的意思。附加疑问部分用willyou。3.Letme开头表示请求，附加疑问句用willyou，或用mayI。三、复合句的反意疑问句10．当陈述部分是一个（带that引导宾语从句的）主从复合句时，附加疑问句的主谓要和主句的主谓保持对应关系。但是，当陈述部分的主语是：IsupposeIthinkIbelieveIimagineIexpect等结构时，附加疑问句的主语和谓语要和从句的主语，谓语保持一致关系。而且要注意到否定的转移问题。11．当陈述部分是I’msurethat；wearesure；I’mafraidthat；Wearesurethat；Ifeelsurethat等后面跟宾语从句时，反意疑问句与后面的宾语从句一致。12．当陈述部分是并列句时，附加疑问句的主谓语要和离它最近的句子的主谓保持对应关系。四、关于情态动词的反意疑问句13．陈述部分中有have一词，且表示“所有”含义时，附加疑问句部分既可用have也可用do。14．陈述部分中有haveto，附加疑问句部分用do。含15．有oughtto的反意疑问句，陈述部分是肯定的，疑问部