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第17讲:阅读理解六选四专项训练第17讲:阅读理解六选四专项训练阅读六选四真题精练、考前巩固A.Workingwithotherculturesisnotforeveryone.B.Onewayistraining,andmanypaniesnowinvestsubstantialamountsofmoneytopreparepeopletocopewithlivingandworkinginanotherculture.C.Itusedtobesoeasy.D.Theidealpersonforanoverseasassignmenthastobedelegatedwhennecessary.E.Onewayistotryandfindouthowawaretheyareofothercultures.F.Theyneedtobeabletoacceptotherwaysofdoingthings.Howdopaniesdecidewhotosendoverseas?____1____Justfindsomeonewiththerightbackground,askthemiftheywantedtogo,andthatwasit.Soanengineerjustneededtobeabletoofferthetechnicalexpertiserequiredtodothejob,amanagersimplyneededtoknowtherightpeople,anaccountantneededtoknowhowthebooksworkedandnothingelse.IftheycouldspeakEnglish,thentheycouldprobablydothejob.Buttimesarechanging.Moreandmoreoverseasassignmentsarefailing.Thereason?Lackofinterculturalpetence.panieshavediscoveredthatfindingtherightpersonforthejobismuchmorethansimplyidentifyingthepersonwhocouldhavedonethejobifithadbeenintheirhomecountry.____2____Andthisfailureismorethanirritating.Itcostspaniesalotofmoneytoreplacesomeonewhodoesnotfitin.Sohowdopaniesjudgeifsomeonehastherightpetenceforajobinanothercountry?____3____Aretheyinterestedinotherwaysofdoingthings?Cantheyseeadvantagesanddisadvantages,oronlytheirownviewpoint?Sensitivityisakeyfactortoo.Isthepersonabletodealwithotherwaysoflookingataproblem?Howdotheydealwithauthority?Whataboutmotivation?Aretheywillingtotreatotherswithrespectandunderstanding?Suchquestionscanbeansweredpartlybytheuseofquestionnairesandinterviews,butofcourseonlyrealexperiencecangivethefinalanswer.Sowhatelsecanapanydotomakesurethatapersonisrightforanoverseasassignment?____4____Experiencedcolleaguescanalsobeusedtoeasesomeonethroughthefirststages.Andanotherkeyareaistomakesurethattherelativesreceivesimilarbackupandtraining:it’snogoodhavingahappyemployeewhoisunderpressurefromhisorherpartnertoehome.Isbreakfastreallythatimportant?Withalmost20%ofpeoplereportingskippingthefirstmealoftheday,peoplearewonderingwhetherbreakfastisreallythatimportant.Well,theoverwhelmingmajorityofresearchsupportsthatbreakfastismorethansomethingyourMomnaggedyouabout.____5____.TheNationalWeightControlRegistryistrackingover10,000Americanswhohavelostsignificantamountsofweightandkeptitoffforlongperiodsoftime.____6____.Otherlargestudieshavelinkedeatingbreakfasttodecreasedwaistlines.Skippingbreakfastmayturnouttobeoneoftheworstbarrierstoyourweightlossefforts,forcertainindividuals.Itisbecausenoteatingbreakfastmayleadtotheirincreasedamountsoflatenightsnacking.____7____.Academicperformanceisassociatedwitheatingbreakfastinchildrenandteens,includingimprovementsinreading,mathandscience.Nutritioncanimprovecognitivefunction,anddeficienciesofkeyvitaminsandmineralsarelinkedtodecreasedconcentrationandcognition.Moreover,skippingbreakfastleadstomalnutritionandlackofspecificnutrients,whichislinkedtoaggressionandproblembehaviors.____8____.A.Alargepercentageofparticipants,around78%,claimthatitisadailyroutineforthemtohavethismealinthemorning.B.Forexample,therearestrongandconsistentlinkstoincreasedbullyingbehaviorwithskippingbreakfastinbothboysandgirls.C.However,manypeopleskipbreakfastorsubstituteadonut(炸面圈)andacupofcoffeeforawellbalancedmeal.D.Actuallyitturnsouttobeanimportantdailybehaviourthatbenefitspeopleindifferentaspects.E.Whilebreakfasthasitsbenefits,itmightnotbethemostimportantmeal.F.Benefitsofbreakfastgowaybeyondphysicalaspectsofhealth.Weallregardreceivingpresentsasapleasantexperienceandyetitcanbeoneofthemostawkwardsituations.Itisoftendifficulttolookpleasedwhenyoureceiveagiftwhichisuselessorthewrongsize.___9___However,youhavenorighttochangeanarticlepurchasedjustbecauseitdoesnotfitorisnottoyourliking.Worsestill,theagreementonthesaleisbetweenthepersonwhoboughtitandtheshop.SoyouwillhavetotellyourfavouriteauntthattheTshirtdoesnotfit.Butanexchangeisnotalwaysthatsimplebecausetherehastobeagoodreasonforit.___10___Forexample,ifthebuyerwastoldthataswitchwasvoiceoperatedandlaterfoundoutitwasnot,thenactioncouldbetaken.Youwouldhavetherighttoreturnitandgetthemoneyback.Butifyouarereturningsomething,nomatterwhatthereasonis,youwillbeexpectedtohaveproofofpurchase.Ifthereceiptcannotbefound,thenitispossibletouseanotherproofofpurchasesuchasacreditcardreceipt.Ifallofthesehavebeenlost,youmayhavetorelyonawitness.Manybigstoreshaveamuchmoretolerantpolicytowardsreturnandseeitasagestureofgoodwilltoexchangegoodswithoutquestion.StoresincludingMarks&Spencerarewellknownfortheir“noargument”policyonreturnedgoods.___11___Soifashoprefusestoexchangethegoodsortoofferarefund,thesellerislikelytobewithinhislegalrightsunlessthereissomethingwrongwiththegoods.Inthatcase,thebootisontheotherfoot.Youhaveeveryrighttodemandacashrefundorareplacement,butonlyifyouhavereturneditwithina“reasonable”time.___12___Someshopsandstoresexpectthingstobereturnedwithinaweekofpurchase,whileothersmaypermitamuchlongertimelimit.inanycase,ifyoureturnathingafterwhatisconsidereda“reasonable”time,thenallyouarelegallyentitledtoisthecostofrepair.A.Itisunlikeanythingyouwouldbuyforyourself.B.However,shoppersshouldrememberthisisaprivilege,notaright.C.Unfortunately,thelawdoesnotexplainwhatitmeantby“reasonable”.D.Allyoucandoisexchangeitafteryourfriendorrelativehasgonehome.E.Eitherthethinghastobebrokenorunsuitableforthejobitwasintendedtodo.F.Youshouldmakeclearwhatyourlegalpositionisbeforereturninggoodstotheshop.Gettingsickisaninvariable(永恒的)partofpeoplelives.____13____.Thisdifferencehasn’tbeenmorepronouncedsincethestartofthenovelcoronavirusepidemic—whenagreatnumberofpeoplearefallingillatallthesametime.TheconditionsintheUSaregettingworsequickly,whichislargelyduetothefactthatthereisnouniversalhealthcaresystem.Accordingtothe2019USCensus,28millionpeoplearenotcoveredordonothaveadequatehealthinsurance,meaningthattheywouldprobablyavoidgettingtestedforthevirus,forfearofthecostofbeinghospitalized.“____14____Somanypeoplehavenoalternativebuttotrytokeepworkingandcaringforchildrensoastokeeplifegoing,andbyconsequence,theyarespreadingthevirussimplybecausetheyhavenootherchoice,”wrotereporterJamesHamblinontheAtlantic.Germany,onthecontrary,hasoneoftheworld’sbestdevelopedandmostexpensivepublichealthcaresystemsthatcoverseverycitizen.PeopleinGermany—whohave“highlevelsofjobsecurity”,accordingtotheLosAngelesTimes—arealsomorelikelytofollowthequarantinemeasuresandstayathomewithouthavingtoworryaboutlosingtheirjobs.____15____.“TheconditionstodealwiththevirusinGermanyareamongthebestintheworld,”saidGermanChancellorAngelaMerkel,accordingtotheLosAngelesTimes.Japanalsohasuniversalpublichealthcare,butitbringsanotherkindofproblem:Peopletendtoseekmoremedicalcarethannecessary.AccordingtoYusukeTsugawa,aphysicianatHarvardUniversity,JapanhasthreetimesmoreoutpatientvisitsthantheUS,andpatientsalsostayinhospitalforthreetimeslongerthanintheUS.____16____.“Itisn’tgoodtodotestsjusttoeasepublicanxiety,”KentaroIwata,aninfectiousdiseaseexpertatKobeUniversity.Japan,toldReuters.“Iftheytesteveryonewithlightsymptoms,themedicalsystemwillpuncture(破损).”Indeed,acountry’shealthcaresystemisthekeytokeepingitspeoplesafeit’salsothekeytowhetheracountrycansurviveacrisislikethenovelcoronaviruspandemic.A.Bothexplainwhythecountryseemstobeweathering(经受)thepandemicbetterthanitsEuropeanpeersB.Thecountriesallovertheworldareshortofmedicalsupplies.C.Thisoftenwastesmedicalresources,whichareevenmorecriticalandpreciousduringaglobalpandemicD.Buttheirattitudestowardbeingsickandhospitalvisitsvaryfromcountrytocountry.E.Germanyhasexpandedrestrictionsonsocialinteractionstotrytocontrolthecoronavirusoutbreak,banningpublicgatheringsofmorethantwopeople.F.Thereisastrongfinancialincentive(动机)toconceal(tohide)symptoms.TheculturesoftheEastandtheWestreallydistinguisheachotheralot.Thisisbecausetheculturesystemsaretwoseparatesystemsonthewhole.TheoriginoftheEasternculturesismainlyfromtwocountries:ChinaandIndia.BothofthetwoculturesaredevelopedbyriverstheYellowRiverinChinaandtheHinduRiverinIndia.___17___WhenthetwomotherriversgavebirthtotheEasternculture,anotherfamousculturewasbroughtupontheMesopotamianPlain—theMesopotamianCivilization.ThiscivilizationlaterondevelopedintotheculturesofAncientGreeceandAncientRome.___18___LiketheChineseculture,theEuropeanculturealsocrossedwaters.WhentheBritishsettleddowninAmerica,theirculturewentwiththemovertheAtlanticOcean.SotheAmericanculturedoesn’tdistinguishfromtheEuropeanculturealot.___19___Takethelanguagesystemforexample.IntheEast,mostlanguagesbelongtothepictographic(象形文字的)languagewhiletheWesternlanguagesaremostlybasedontheLatinsystem.Othercauseslikehumanracedifferencecountaswell.

Butwhat’smore,duetothefardistanceandthesteepareasbetweentheEastandWest,thetwoculturesseldommunicateuntilrecentcenturies.Sotheygrewuptotallyintheirownwayswithalmostnointerference(干扰)fromtheother.Thedifferencesareeverywhere.___20___Butdifferentculturesmaketheworldmorecolourful.Theculturalgapshouldnotbetheobstacle(障碍)tothecivilizationofhumanbeing.itoughttobethemotivationofourgoingfarther.A.Letusworktogethertokeepavarietyofculture.B.Oneimportantthingistolearnaboutothercultures.C.AndthesetwoarewellknownasthebaseoftheEuropeancultureD.Atthesametime,someotherdifferencesaddtotheculturaldifferences.E.Theyareobviousandaffectpeople’swaysofthinkingandtheirviewsoftheworld.F.Theyhelpedthetwoculturesdevelopforcenturiesandformtheirownstyles.HousingpriceshavebeengrowinglessandlessaffordableacrosstheU.S.____21____ParagonRealEstate,aSanFranciscorealestate(房地产)pany,hascalculatedthatthemedianhousingpriceinthecityhasrisen$205,000sincetheendof2017,thehighestsixmonthgaininatleastaquartercentury.____22____.That’smorethandoublethe7.2%risein2017,butnotashighasthe26.1%riseinhousingpricesin2000,duringthepeakofthebubble.It’salsobelowthe20%risein2007,justbeforethehousingmarketcrashed.____23____.ButitalsoreflectsabroadertrendintheU.S.TheaveragehomepriceinU.S.standsataround$260,000,afterhavingrisenforthepastsixyears,Paragonsaid.Homebuyerswhocan’taffordsuchinflationary(通货膨胀引起的)housingpricesmightconsiderbuyinganapartment.____24____.Paragonsaidthatasuddenincreaseinboththeaskingpricesforhomesandthebidsbeingplacedbybuyers,coupledwithamultiyeardeclineinthenumberofhomeslistedforsale,havecontributedtothesuddenincreaseinprices.HousingactivistsintheBayAreahavegrownmoreoutspokenincallingformoreavailablehousingintheregion.TherearesignsthattheaffordablehousingproblemsthatmanyresidentsinSanFranciscostrugglewitharerecurringinothercities,evenifatasmallerscale.HomepricesacrosstheU.S.arebysomemeasuresattheirleastaffordablelevelssincethefinancialcrisis.A.ThemedianpriceforSanFranciscoapartmentsroseby$71,000inthefirsthalfof2018,aparativebargain.B.Onapercentagebasis,themedianhomepriceinSanFranciscorose14.5%overthepastyearto$1.6million.C.NocityisamorefittingposterchildforthattrendthanSanFrancisco.D.ThecurrenthousingconstructionpickupsupportedoverallGDPgrowthinfirstquarterandshoulddosoinsecondquarter.E.SanFranciscomayofferanextremeexampleofrisinghomeprices.F.Inpart,housepriceshaverisenbecauseinteresthavefallenandineshaverisen.LegoinChinaEngineersgatheraroundatablesizedmodeloftheChinaArtMuseum,alandmarkofShanghai,addingairportsforhelicopters,carparksandotherimprovementswithcolorfulbricks.____25____LiYang,visitingforafewdaysfromShenzhen,hasbeenwaitingforherdaughterfortwohours.ZhuYunfei,watchinghisson,marvelsatthevariety:“ingheretoplaywithhimismakingupformychildhood,”hesays.Theydropbyeveryweek.Lego’sriseinChinahasbeenshininglyattractive.In2017itoverlookAlphaGroup,alocalgiant,tobeethecountry’sleadingtoypany(notincludingvideogames).Inthepasttwoyearsithasopened89storesandwants50morebyDecember,whichwillbringitto30cities.ItsfirstChinesefactorystartedmakingbricksin2016.Thetoyindustryisgrowingby9%annuallyinthecountry,buttheDanishfirm’sChinesesectionhaswon“verystrongdoubledigits(两位数)”,saysPaulHuang,itsboss.____26____In2017Legocut1,400jobsandrecordeditsfirstdropinrevenuesandprofitsinoveradecade.Butlastyearbothtickedupagain,by4%each.Legohasthusretaineditsstatusastheworld’sbiggesttoymaker,snatchedfromMattelin2014evenasitsAmericanrivallastyearearneditshighestrevenuesinfiveyearsfromitsBarbiedolls.NewlywealthyparentsinChinahavehelpedLegorecover.“Wehavenotreachedtheextremeoutthere,byfar,”saysNielsChristiansen,whomLegobroughtinaschiefexecutivetwoyearsago.____27____Lastyear98%ofthosesurveyedbyLegosaidthatplaywasessentialfortheirchild’swellbeing,evenmorethanAmericansandDanes.Legohasalsosensiblymanagedtomeetthedemandsoflocaltastes._____28_____Fansweredelightedattheattentiontoculturaldetail.OnewasaChineseNewYear’sEvedinnerkit,withtinyredenvelopesandchunlian,luckycoupletsonbannerspastedarounddoorways.Adragonboatracesetincludedastickyricedumpling,apopularfestivalsnack.Thehighqualitykitsarepricey,costingupto700yuan($100)apiece.A.Ithasdonesoeventhoughthebrickmaker’sglobalbusinesshaslookedshakier.B.Ithasbeensoldingreatvolumeswithvariouskindsofsetsandearnedthefameasthemostsuitabletoysforchildrentoplaywith.C.RemovingachildfromLego’svastshopnearPeople’sSquarecanbelikeunstickingtwostubbornbitsofLego.D.Overthepastdecades,Lego’ssalesvolumeinChinaisnotassatisfyingasitexpected.E.AsintheWest,theeducationalmeritsofbricksappealtoChineseparents.F.ThisyearthefirmlaunchedseveralsetsspecificallyforChina,thefirsttimeithasdonesoforanycountry.HowtoLearnEnglishWellAllEnglishlearnerswanttoimprovetheirEnglish,butasyouknow,itcanbedifficult!Foryou,youneedtoworkonallareas.Thefourmainareasforyouare:speaking,listening,reading,andwriting.Herearesomewaystohelpyoulearnwell.SpeakingSpeakasmuchaspossible!ThisisthebestwaytolearnEnglish.___29___ThefastestwaytolearnEnglishistosurroundyourselfwithEnglishspeakers.Also,getintothehabitofthinkinginEnglish.Don'ttranslatefromyourownlanguageintoEnglish—itwillslowyoudown.Andit'sfuntosinginEnglish,solearnsomeEnglishsongsandsingyourheartout!ListeningLikespeaking,it'sbetterforyoutobeinatotallyEnglish­speakingenvironment.It'salsogoodtowatchTVshows,ormoviesinEnglish.___30___Butthemoreyoulisten,themoreyou'llget.It'sgoodtolistentosomethingoverandoveragain.First,trytogetthegeneralmeaning,andthen,listenasecondtimeformorein­depthinformation.ReadingReadingEnglishissomethingyoucandotohelpyoulearnonyourown,outsideoftheclassroom.Newspapersaregoodforhigher­levelstudents.Soforlowerlevels,tryreadingchildren'sstoriesorbookswhichhavebeenespeciallywrittenforEnglishlearners.___31___Youshouldfindsomethingthatyoucanlearnwellfrom.WritingTrykeepingadiary;writesomethinginEnglishiniteveryday,evenifit'sverysimple.___32___AndtheInternetisagreatwaytohelpyoulearnEnglish.Trytomakefriendsonline,visitchatrooms,orpostmentsonblogs.Theseareallusefultoolsforyou.A.Makeaplanforyourself.B.Youwon'tlearnmuchifyouchooseabookthatistoodifficultortooeasy.C.TheEnglishnewscanbedifficultforyouatfirst.D.Startwithsmallsentencesandmakethemlonger.E.Thereisnothingbetterthanconversationstohelpyouimprove.HowtosaveplanetearthHaveyoueverheldaproductinyourhandsandconsideredtheexistentialweightofyourpurchase?Beyondeachpricetaghidesarippleeffect.Itexpandsfromsoiltowaterways,groceryaisletokitchenplates,factoriestofulfillmentcentersandmailslotstolandfills.Thisglobalimpacthasbeelesshiddeninthepastdecade,andignoringthepeopledownstreamfromushasgrownincreasinglydifficult.We’remoreawarethaneverofthemarkourconsumptionleavesonplanetEarth,whichnowsustainsnearly8billionpeople.Somehow,humansarestillpumpingmorethan30gigatonsofcarbondioxide(CO2)peryearintotheatmosphere,despitethemountainofevidencethatCO2isthetopcontributortogreenhousegasescausingglobalwarming.____33____Weknowweneedtodobetter,butwefeelhelplessandoverwhelmed.Let’scallthistheecoessentialcrisis;itappliesonadeeplypersonallevelformostenvironmentallyawarehumans,andonaglobalscale.ClimatejournalistandauthorTatianaSchlossbergsaysevenasimpletriptothesupermarketcanfeelparalyzingin2021.“Iwanttobuythelocalthing,butit’snotorganic.Or,maybeit’sinaplasticbox,”shesays.Inher2019bookInconspicuousConsumption,sheventureswaybeyondthestoreaisleandintotheweboflessapparentwaysthathumansaredamagingEarth.Forexample,yourinternetuseistiedtoextensivecarbonemissionsandenergyconsumption.____34____Theworldismoreplicatedthanthat.Infact,beingagoodcitizenonplanetEarthwithclimateconcerns,you’velikelyaskedoragonizedoverthisquestion:WhatshouldIdo?____35____So,wetookthisquestiontofivepeoplewhohaveimmersedtheircareers,researchandwritingintherealitiesofclimatescience.Oneoftheirmostconsistentinsightsmaysurpriseyou:Consumerresponsibilitymissesthemark.“Oneofthemajorfailingsoftheenvironmentalmovementishavingeveryonefocusonthesesmallthingsthateveryonecando.”saysAyanaElizabethJohnsonamarinebiologistandcohostofthepodcastHowtoSaveaPlanet.____36____Therearejustmoremeaningfulandlonglastingwaystoexpendyourenergyintheclimatefight.Mostoftheminvolveorganizationandcollectiveaction.“Individualsjointogethertocollectivelyhavefarmorepowerchangingthesystemthantheycanasindividuals,”saysAnthonyLeiserowitz,directoroftheYaleProgramonClimateChangemunication.A.Thatdoesn’tmeanit’snoneofyourbusiness.B.theseexpertsproposeotherkeystepsthateveryhumancantaketowardabetterfuture.C.Similarchallengeapplytouseofplasticsandconsumptionofmeatandothergoods.D.Partofthechallengewiththeenvironmentalmovementistheastonishinglistofthingsweneedtochange.E.Thesolutiontothisproblem,however,isnotforyoutostopusingtheinternet,accordingtoSchlossberg.F.It’seasytogetlostinthestormofsupposedanswersaroundsocialmedia,thelatestdatasetsand“egofriendly”marketingcampaigns.Travelhasexistedsincethebeginningoftime,whenprimitivemansetout,oftentraversinggreatdistancesinsearchofgame,whichprovidedthefoodandclothingnecessaryforhissurvival.Throughoutthecourseofhistory,peoplehavetravelledforpurposesoftrade,religiousconviction,economicgain,war,migrationandotherequallypellingmotivations.IntheRomanera,wealthyaristocratsandhighgovernmentofficialsalsotravelledforpleasure.SeasideresortslocatedatPompeiiandHerculaneumaffordedcitizenstheopportunitytoescapetotheirvacationvillasinordertoavoidthesummerheatofRome.____37____Tourisminthemassformasweknowittodayisadistinctlytwentiethcenturyphenomenon.HistorianssuggestthattheadventofmasstourismbeganinEnglandduringtheindustrialrevolutionwiththeriseofthemiddleclassandtheavailabilityofrelativelyinexpensivetransportation.ThecreationofthemercialairlineindustryfollowingtheSecondWorldWarandthesubsequentdevelopmentofthejetaircraftinthe1950ssignaledtherapidgrowthandexpansionofinternationaltravel.____38____.Inturn,internationaltourismbecametheconcernofanumberofworldgovernmentssinceitnotonlyprovidednewemploymentopportunitiesbutalsoproducedameansofearningforeignexchange.____39____.Inmostindustrializedcountriesoverthepastfewyearsthefastestgrowthhasbeenseenintheareaofservices.Oneofthelargestsegmentsoftheserviceindustry,althoughlargelyunrecognizedasanentityinsomeofthesecountries,istravelandtourism.AccordingtotheWorldTravelandTourismCouncil(1992),‘Travelandtourismisthelargestintheworldonvirtuallyanyeconomicmeasureincludingvalueaddedcapitalinvestment,employmentandtaxcontributions’.In1992,theindustry’sgrossoutputwasestimatedtobe$3.5trillion,over12percentofallconsumerspending.Thetravelandtourismindustryistheworld'slargestemployerwithalmost130millionjobs,oralmost7percentofallemployees.Thisindustryistheworld’sleadingindustrialcontributor,producingover6percentoftheworld’sgrossnationalproductandaccountingforcapitalinvestmentinexcessof$422billionindirect,indirectandpersonaltaxeseachyear.Thus,tourismhasaprofoundimpactbothontheworldeconomyand,becauseoftheeducativeeffectoftravelandtheeffectsonemployment,onsocietyitself.However,themajorproblemsofthetravelandtourismindustrythathavehidden,orobscured,itseconomicimpactarethediversityandfragmentationoftheindustryitself.Thetravelindustryincludes:hotels,motelsandothertypesofacmodation;restaurantsandotherfoodservices;transportationservicesandfacilities;amusements,attractionsandotherleisurefacilities;giftshopsandalargenumberofotherenterprises.Sincemanyofthesebusinessesalsoservelocalresidents,theimpactofspendingbyvisitorscaneasilybeoverlookedorunderestimated.____40____.Infact,inallnationsthisproblemhasmadeitdifficultfortheindustrytodevelopanytypeofreliableorcredibletourisminformationbaseinordertoestimatethecontributionitmakestoreginal,nationalandglobaleconomies.However,thenatureofthisverydiversitymakestravelandtourismidealvehiclesforeconomicdevelopmentinawidevarietyofcountries,regionsormunities.A.Tourismtodayhasgrownsignificantlyinbotheconomicandsocialimportance.B.Nowtravelandtourismhavebeeaninstitutionalizedwayoflifeformostofthepopulationinthisworld.C.Travelhascontinuedtogrowandplayedavitalroleinthedevelopmentofcivilizationsandtheireconomies.D.Expertspointoutthatthetourismindustryinvolvesconceptsthathaveremainedamorphous(难以界定的)tobothanalystsanddecisionmakers.E.Becauseofthisgrowth,tourismindustryhasemergedasthenumberonerankedemployer.F.Thisgrowthledtothedevelopmentofamajornewindustry:tourism.GettingAroundBritainInBritain,westillcalculatedistancesinmilesandwestilldriveontheleft.ManyofBritain’sroadsfollowancientRomanroadsandyouhavetopayatsomeoldroll(收费)bridgesdatingbackhundredsofyears.InLondon,westillhavereddoubledeckerbusesandblackLondontaxis.Beforetheycanwork,Londontaxidriversstillhavetospendabout18monthslearningallaboutthestreetsofLondontoget‘theknowledge’._____41_____Therearenowmorethan25millioncarsonourroadssotrafficjamsaremononBritain'smotorways,liketheM25aroundLondon._____42_____Yougetdelayscausedbyunpredictableeventssuchas‘leavesonthelines’inautumn.Toimprovethesituationintransport,thegovernmentisinvestingalotofmoneyintherailwaysandingoutwith‘new’ideasliketollmotorwaysandcongestionchargesinmajorcitieslikeLondon.Despiteallofthis,therearesomefantasticwaysofgettingaroundthecountryandenjoyingyourselfatthesametime._____43_____Britainhasthousandsofmilesofquietcountrylanesandforesttrackswhichareidealforkeencyclists.Thereareevenmorefootpathsforwalkingholidaysfromoneendofthecountrytotheother,likeOffa’sDykeFootpathonthelovelybordersofEnglandandWales.Formoreadventures,thereareplentyofplacesforhorseridingandcanoeingaswellashanggliding,paraglidingandballooning._____44_____Britainhasagreatnetworkofcanals,alotofthemgoingthroughspectacularcountryside.AnotherrelaxedoptionistogoononeofBritain'smanysteamrailwaysliketheSevenValleyRailwayortheSnowdownRailwaywhichgoesupthehighestmountaininWales.Justsitbackandenjoyit!A.Forexample,youcangoonacyclingholiday.B.However,noteverythingaboutBritishtransportisasitusedtobefiftyyearsago.C.Nevertheless,thereisoneroadinLondon,whereyouhavetodriveontheright!D.Andeventhoughweinventedtherailways,ourtrainnetworkisnotinaterriblygoodstate.E.Ifyouwantsomethingabitsaferandlessenergetic,goonanarrowboat.F.Tosumup,Britainisacountrythatputstraditionalandmodernelementstogether.London,beingoneofthemostimportantcitiesofthemodernworld,isalsoamost

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