2023北京通州区初三一模英语试题及参考答案

试题PAGE1试题2023北京通州初三一模英语考生须知 1.本试卷共10页,共五道大题,38道小题,满分60分,考试时间90分钟。2.请在试卷和答题卡上准确填写学校名称、班级、姓名。3.试题答案一律填涂或书写在答题卡上,在试卷上作答无效。4.在答题卡上,选择题用2B铅笔作答,其他试题用黑色字迹签字笔作答。5.考试结束,请将答题卡交回。第一部分本部分共33题,共40分。在每题列出的四个选项中,选出最符合题目要求的一项。一、单项填空(每题0.5分,共6分)从下面各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选择可以填入空白处的最佳选项。1.Mr.Smithis______Englishteacher.Heisverykindtous.A.herB.yourC.ourD.their2.Peteroftengoestoseehisuncle________Sundayafternoonandtheyhavedinnertogether.A.onB.inC.atD.from3.—_____________doyouwanttobeadoctor?—BecauseIwanttohelppeoplelivelongerandhealthier.A.WhatB.WhyC.WhoD.How4.—Tom,__________youhelpmetakethesebookstotheclassroom?—YesIcan.A.canB.mayC.needD.must5.Remembertoputonyourcoatwhenyougooutside,________youwillcatchacold.A.orB.butC.andD.so6.Ithinkphysicsisoneof____________subjectsbecauseIlikedoingexperiments.A.interesting B.moreinterestingC.mostinteresting D.themostinteresting7Bequiet.Lucy________amathsclassonlineandshemustlistentotheteachercarefully.A.hasB.ishavingC.willhaveD.hashad8.—Jack,didyougotoseeafilmlastSunday?—No.I_______thePalaceMuseumwithmyfriendsandwesawalotofexhibitsthere.A.visitB.willvisitC.visitedD.havevisited9.Kateismyclassmate.We________goodfriendsformorethan5years.A.areB.wereC.willbeD.havebeen10Ifyoulistentothespeechthisafternoon,you_________moreknowledgeabouthealth.A.learnB.learnedC.willlearnD.havelearned21.I_________toabirthdaypartybymyfriendlastFridayandwehadagoodtimethere.A.inviteB.willbeinvitedC.invitedD.wasinvited12.—Mary,canyoutellme___________thedictionary?—Oh,yes.IboughtitinXinHuaBookstore.A.wheredidyoubuy B.whereyouboughtC.wheredoyoubuy D.whereyoubuy二、完形填空(每题1分,共8分)阅读下面的短文,掌握其大意,然后从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选择最佳选项。DrumsinSpaceBrendawasahappy,artisticgirl,agirlwithonebigdream—toplaythe13inaband.Butonebigproblemlayinherway.Tobegoodenoughtoplayinaband,Brendahadtopracticealot,butshelivednextdoortoalotofoldpeople—manyofthemlikedlivinginthequietplace.Sheknewthatthesoundofbeatingdrumswouldreallymakethemfeelnervous.Brendawasaverygood,14girl.Shealwaystriedtofindawayofpracticingherdrumswithoutbothering(打扰)otherpeople.Soshehadtriedplayinginthestrangestplaces:abasement,akitchen,andeveninashower.Butitwasnogood,therewasalwayssomeonetobe15.withherwhenshewaspracticingit.However,Brendadecidedtopracticeasmuchasshecould,shespentmostofhertimeplayingonbooksandboxes,andlookingfornewplacestopractice.Oneday,whilewatchingascienceprogramonTV,sheheardthat16cannottravelinspace,becausethere'snoair.Atthatmoment,Brendadecidedtobecomeamusicalastronaut.Withthehelpofalotoftime,alotofbooksandalotofwork,Brendabuiltaspacebubble(气泡).Itwasabigglassballconnectedtoamachinewhich17outalltheairinsideAllthosewouldbeleftinsideweredrumsandachair.Brendaputonthespacesuitshehadmade,18thebubble,turnedonthemachine,thensheplayedthedrumslikeawildchild!Itwasn'tlongbeforeBrenda—“TheMusicalAstronaut”—hadbecomeveryfamous.Somanypeoplecametoseeherplayinherspacebubble.Shortlyafterwardsshecameoutofthebubbleandstartedgivingconcerts.Herfamespreadsomuchthatthegovernmentsuggestedthatshecouldformpartofauniquespacejourney.Finally,Brendawasarealmusical19,andhadgonefarbeyondherfirstdreamofplayingthedrumsinaband.Yearslater,whenpeopleaskedherhowshehadachievedallthis,shethoughtforamomentandsaid,“Ifthoseoldpeoplenext-doordidn't20somuchtome,Iwouldn'tgotosuchlengthstofindasolution,andnoneofthiswouldhaveeverhappened.”13.A.piano14.A.humorous15.A.patient16.A.sound17.A.blew18.A.entered19.A.manager20.A.showB.violinB.respectfulB.satisfiedB.heatB.putB.collectedB.scientistB.matterC.guitarC.confidentC.angryC.lightC.drewC.followedC.inventorC.considerD.drumsD.curiousD.pleasedD.electricityD.foundD.choseD.astronautD.support三、阅读理解(每题2分,共26分)阅读下列短文,根据短文内容,从短文中或短文后各题所给的选项中,选择最佳选项。AReadtheproblems(21-23)andmatchthemwiththereplies(A-C).Ishareabedroomandadeskwithmyeldersister.I'vegotexamsinaweekandIneedtoreviewmylessons.ButsheistoonoisyandIcan'tfocusonmylessonswhenshe'sstudyingtoo.Thedeskisalwaysmessy,soIcan'tfindanything.Canyouhelpme?21________AItisn'timpossiblebutyouDOhavetogetstartedNOW.Makeastudyplanandfollowthestudytimeforeachsubject.Makeaplanforthisweekandthendothesamefortheweeksahead.It'sbettertostudyforanhourorsoadaythanjustonceaweek,allday.Yourbrainneedstimetoremembertheinformation.Myproblemistime—orlack(缺乏)ofit!NextmonthI'vegot3examsinthreeweeks.HowcanIpossiblystudyforallofthem?It'stoohardforme.Ithinkit'simpossibletofinishallthethings.Canyouhelpme?22______________BYourproblemisn'tsillyatall!It'sverycommonandlotsofpeopleexperiencethesamethingasyou.Youcanjoinastudygrouptostudytogether.Taketurnstogivepresentations(展示)andteachotherswhatyouknow.It'scalled“peerteaching”anditisagoodwaytoimproveyourself.Myproblemissillyandabitembarrassing(令人尴尬的).Ijustfindithardtostudy.Ialwaysstopandstart,sometimesIthinkI'mlearningthewrongthings.Idon'tknowwhattodo.Idon'tthinkyoucanreallyhelpme.23_______________CWhydon'tyoudiscusswithyoursistersothatyoucanusethedeskadifferenttimes?Ormaybeyoucanstudyatthelocallibraryorculturalcentreforafewdaysthisweek.Putyourownthingsinyourdrawer,andaskyoursistertodosoItcanhelpyoufindyourthingseasily.BAliceandBettywerebestfriends.TheyhadknowneachothersinceBettymovedhereinthe2ndgrade.Theyhungoutalmosteverydayafterschool.Theywereverydifferentpeople.Alicedidgreatwithherschoolwork,readquietlyandtookballetclasses.Betty,ontheotherhand,wouldratherplaysoccer,chatwithotherkidsatschoolandhardlysatstillforlongenoughtofinishreadingabook.Often,AliceandBettywouldplaytogetherattheparkacrossthestreet.They'dplayonthesportsequipmentorplaysoccer.Sometimestheycouldnotagreeonwhattodo.“Comeon,let'splayontheequipment.We'veplayedsoccerforthelastthreedays!”Alicesaid.“Iloveplayingsoccer.Idon'twanttoplayontheequipment.”Bettyreplied.“Wealwaysdowhatyouwanttodo,Betty,it'smyturntochoose.”Alicewasgettingfrustrated.“Fine,gotoplayontheequipmentbyyourself,I'mplayingsoccer!”Bettyshouted.Aliceleftangrily.Whenshegothome,AlicerealizedshestillhadBetty'snotebook.“Well,I'mnotgivingitbacktoday.I'mtoomadather.”Alicethought.Thenextdayatschool,theirteacheraskedfortheirnotebooks.Bettydidn'thavehersandtheirteacherMrs.Stonewasangrywithher.Bettylookedsadandwalkedquietlybacktoherdesk.AliceknewsheshouldtellMrs.Stonethatshehadthenotebook,butshewasstillmadatBetty.Whenitwastimeforlunch,AlicecamebacktotalkwithMrs.Stone.“Mrs.Stone,IhaveBetty'snotebook.Ishouldhavesaidsomethingearlier,butwehadaproblemyesterday,andI'mstillmadather.Couldyouhelpussolveourproblem?”Aliceasked.“Thankyouforbeinghonest,Alice.I'msureBettywillbehappythatyougivemehernotebook.I'mgladyouaskedforhelpinsolvingtheproblem.”Afterclass,Mrs.Stonesatandtalkedwiththegirls.Mrs.Stonehelpedthemrealizethatmaybetheydidn'thavetoplaytogethereveryday.Theydecidedtojustplaytogetheracoupleoftimesaweek,andtaketurnspickingtheactivity.Theywereveryhappytosolvetheproblem.24.WhatdoweknowaboutAliceandBetty?A.Theyhaddifferenthobbies.B.Theylikeddoingthesameactivities.C.BettywasaquietgirlbutAlicewasactive.D.Bothofthemlovedreadingandplayingsoccer.25.Alicewasangrybecause______________________.A.Bettydidn'twanttoplaysoccerwithherB.Bettydidn'tcareaboutherfeelingsC.shecouldn'tfindhernotebookathomeD.herfriendtookawayhernotebookbymistake26.Theywouldprobably_____________aftertalkingwithMrs.Stone.A.respecttheirparents'suggestions B.haveballetclassestogetherC.playsoccertogethereveryday D.taketurnsmakingdecisionsCWhenyoutellthetruth,yourbraindoesn'thavetodoanythingoutoftheordinary.Butlyingtakesmuchmorework.Scienceshowswhylyingcanbehardonmorethanjustyourconscience(良知).Itcanalsoimpair(减弱)howwellyoucanthink.Imagineyouarelateforclassandyoudecidetolie.Nowyouhavetocomeupwithareasonormakeastory.Ifyourteacherasksquestions,youmustquicklydecidehowtorespond.Soyousay:“Ihadtostopbythelibraryandpickupabook.”Yourteacherasks:“ThebookIassigned(布置的)lastweek?”Immediately,youmustdecidehowtorespond—andquickly.Ifyousayyes,theteachermightasktoseethebook.Orshemightexpectyoutoreadfromitinclass.So,youhavetoimaginethesepossibilities.Soyoumightsay:“No.Itwasadifferentbook”Inthissituation,youmustfigureout(想出)whatyouneedtosaytokeepthiswholeliefromfallingapart.Whenyouarelying,yougiveyourbrainatonofextrawork.Alotofthatworkisdoneintheprefrontalcortex(前额皮质).It'sthepartofthebraininchargeofworkingmemory.Anditkeepsthingsinmindforashortwhile.Theprefrontalcortexalsoplaysaroleinothermentalskills.Someexamplesareplanning,problem-solvingandself-control.Scientistscalltheseskills“executivefunction”(执行功能).Youuseyourexecutivefunctioninmanywayswhenyoulie. Youmightuseselfcontrol,forexample.Itstopsyoufromblurtingout(脱口而出)thetruth.Callingonyourexecutivefunctionusesupalotofbrainpower.There'slessleftoverforotherthings.Thebrainisobtusewhenitswitches(转换)betweenlyingandtruth-telling.Italsomakesmoremistakes.VictoriaTalwarstudieslyinginchildrenandshesaysthattherearethingspeoplecandotoencouragehonesty.Youngpeoplewanttomakeothersfeelgood,sofindingwaystosupporttheirfriendswhilestillbeingtruthfulisonestrategy.“Whenpeople'sfriendsaretruthfulwiththem,”shesays,“itcreatesacultureofhonestyamongthem.”sheargues,“itwillbuildstrongerfriendships.”Sheaddsthatit'smoreimportanttorewardpeoplefortellingthetruth.Tellingimportanttruthscanbehard.Shesayssharingthosetruthsfeelsgood.27.Whenpeoplearelying,theyhavetoA.figureoutwhatextraworktheyneedtoprepareB.findenoughtimetodecidehowtorespondtoothersC.avoidusingtheexecutivefunctiontotellthetruthD.imaginepossibleanswerstokeeptheliefromfallingapart28.ThewordobtuseinParagraph6probablymeans___________.A.clearB.quickC.slowD.relaxed29.Thepassageismainlyabout_________________.A.howmuchextraworkyourbraincanaffordB.whytellinglieswillstealpeople'sbrainpowerC.whytellingliesisamatterofconscienceD.howacultureofhonestybuildsstrongerfriendshipsDThinkbacktowhenyouwereinaclassroom,maybeamathsclassroomandtheteachersetadifficultproblem.Whichofthetwofollowingresponsesisclosertothewayyoureacted?A:Ohno,thisistoohardforme.I'mnotevengoingtoseriouslytryandworkitout.B:Ah,thisisquitehardbutIliketopushmyself.EvenifIdon'tgettheanswerright,maybeI'lllearnsomethingintheattempt(尝试).Earlyinhercareer,thepsychologistCarolDweckofStanfordUniversitygaveagroupoften-year-oldsproblemsthatwereslightlytoohardforthem.Onegroupreactedpositively,saidtheylovedchallengeandunderstoodthattheirabilitiescouldbedeveloped.Shesaidtheyhada“growthmindset”andfocusedonwhattheycouldachieveinthefuture.Butanothergroupofchildrenfeltthattheirintelligencewasbeingjudgedandtheyhadfailed.Theyhada“fixedmindset”andwereunabletoimagineimproving.Thesestudentsevenlookedforsomeonewhohaddoneworsethanthemtoboost(提升)theirself-esteem(自尊)ProfessorDweckbelievesthatthereisaproblemineducationatthemoment.Foryears,childrenhavebeenpraisedfortheirintelligenceortalent,butthusmakesthemvulnerable(脆弱的)tofailure.Theywanttopleasebygettinghighgrades,buttheyarenotnecessarilyinterestedinleamingforitsownsake(目的).Thesolution,accordingtoDweck,istopraisetheprocessthatchildrenareengaged(忙于)in:makinganeffort,usinglearningstrategies,persevering(坚持)andimprovingThiswaytheywillbecomemastery-oriented(interestedingettingbetteratsomething)andwillachievemoreShethinksthatkeepingworkinghardovertimeisthekeytooutstandingachievement.Psychologistshavebeentestingthesetheories.Studentsweretaughtthatiftheylefttheircomfortzoneandlearnedsomethingnewanddifficult,theneurons(神经元)intheirbrainswouldformstrongerconnections,makingthemmoreintelligent.Thesestudentsmadefasterprogressthanacontrolgroup.Inanotherstudy,someunderperformingschoolchildrenwereexposed(接触)togrowthmindsetskillsforayear.Theresultsweresurprising.Theycametopintests,beatingchildrenfrommuchmorebetterschools.Thesechildrenhadpreviously(以前)feltthatmakinganeffortwasasignofstupidity,buttheycametoseeitasthekeytolearning.So,backtoouroriginalquestion.IfyouansweredB,welldone—youalreadyhaveagrowthmindset.IfA,don'tworry,everyonecanbecomemastery-orientedwithalittleeffortandself-awareness.30.Agrowthmindsetpersonistheonewho__________________.A.focusesonwhathehasachievedatpresentB.faceschallengespositivelytohelphimselfgrowC.looksforsomeonewhodidworsethanhimD.isunwillingtoexperiencewhathedoesn'tknow31.WhatcanwelearnfromProfessorDweck'sstudy?A.Praisingchildrenfortheirintelligencehasapositiveinfluenceonlearning.B.Apersonwithafixedmindsetcaneasilyimprovehimselfinhiscomfortzone.C.Intelligenceortalentisthekeytopeople'soutstandingachievement.D.Guidingstudentstofocusonlearningprocesscanhelpthemachievemore.32.Thewriterwouldagreethat____________________.A.testingstudentsoftencanmakethemmoreintelligentB.keepingworkinghardmakespeoplevulnerabletofailureC.practicinggrowthmindsetskillshelpsstudentsgetimprovementD.stayinginthecomfortzoneisagoodwaytobooststudents'self-esteem33.Whatisthewriter'smainpurposeinwritingthispassage?A.Toencouragepeopletodevelopagrowthmindset.B.Toexplainascientificexperimentaboutintelligence.C.Todiscusswhatthetruemeaningofachievementis.D.Tocomparethedifferencesbetweengrowthmindsetandfixedmindset.第二部分本部分共5题,共20分。根据题目要求,完成相应任务。四、阅读表达(34-36小题每题2分,37题4分,共10分)阅读短文,根据短文内容回答问题。Gardeningaspartoftheschoolcurriculum(课程)beganintheUnitedStatesintheearly1900sandschoolgardeninghasbecomeverypopularduringtheseyears.Parentsandteacherssaythesehands-onlessonscanbeusedtoteachmanysubjects.SusanHobartisaschoolteacheratLakeViewElementarySchoolinMadison.Sheandherstudentslookaftertheschool'slargegardenwith12raisedbeds.“Gardensareagreatwaytogetkidsoutsidewithapurpose.Withtheschoolgardens,kidscangettoseeabeginning,amiddleandanendtotheirproject.Iftheyjustsatatdesks,theywouldn'thavethisexperience.”Hobartsaid.Sheaddedthatthegardenshelpedcalmthekidsandgavethemadifferentviewpointaboutsoilandfood.“Ifwehadtobuytheseedlings,they'dcost$3eachandwecouldneveraffordthat,”Hobartsays.“Butthereareplentyofcreativewaystofindhelp.Wefoundseedsandseedlingsfromlocalbotanicalgardens(植物园)andourcommunities.”Eachspring,theschool'schildrenplantseedsandseedlingsinthegarden.Overthesummer,teachersandyoungchildrentakecareofthegardentogether.Hobartsaysthatgardensdonothavetotakeupalargeareaoutdoors.Forschoolswithoutspaceforevenasmallgarden,turningtolocalbotanicalgardensandparkscansometimesbetheanswer.Intheschoolgarden,teacherscanteachstudentshowtogrowfoodandflowers.Theycanalsoteachscience,socialstudiesandevenartthere.“Givingkidstheopportunitytomoveoutside,gettheirhandsdirty,andfindworms,especiallyiftheirteachersareexcitedaboutit—that'simportant,”Hobartsaid.Finley,theirheadmaster,supportsteachingcitykidsaboutseedsandgrowing.Heaimsto“changetheculturearoundfood”.Herememberedhowamazingitwasforhisstudentstosee“aseedbecomesfood”.“Havingagardeninaschoolisjustasimportantasanyothereducation,”Finleysays.“Theactofgardeningteachesyouwhereourfoodsourcecomesfromandteachesyoutohaveafeelingofgreatrespectforsoil.Ifkidshaveareverence(尊敬)forsoil,theyhaveareverenceforthemselvesandrespectforthisplanet…Gardeningisnotahobby,it'salifeskill.Iseethisasoneofthemostvaluablelessonsofhumanity.”34.WhendidgardeningbeginaspartofschoolcurriculumintheUnitedStates?35.WheredidthestudentsatLakeViewElementarySchoolfindseedsandseedlings?36.Whatcanteachersteachintheschoolgarden?37.Whatdoyouthinkofdoinggardeninginyourschool?Why?(至少给出2个理由)五、文段表达(10分)38.从下面两个题目中任选一题,根据所给提示,完成一篇不少于50词的英语文段写作。文中已给出内容不计入总词数。所给提示词语仅供选用。请不要写出你的校名和姓名。题目①假如你是李华,你们学校一直倡导“环保生活,从我做起”,你的笔友Peter的学校也要举办相同的环保活动。请用英文写一封信,谈谈你对绿色生活的看法以及你建议他如何践行绿色生活。提示词语：important,protecttheenvironment,save,reuse,recycle提示问题：·Whatdoyouthinkofgreenlife?·WhatdoyouadvisePetertodo?DearPeter,Howisitgoing?I'mwritingtotellyousomethingaboutgreenlife.______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________