新高考英语二轮复习题型归纳与变式演练专题19 语法填空之有提示词（原卷版）

专题19语法填空之有提示词（原卷版）在一篇约200词左右的短文中留出10个空白，部分空白后面给出单词的基本形式，要求考生根据上下文在空白处填写1个适当的单词或所给单词的正确形式。语法填空则更侧重考查考生语法和词汇在语境中的运用，强调词汇的变形。同时强调语篇分析能力，凸显交际性和语境化特征。有提示词的空处一般考查的是动、名、形、副。一、有提示词解法思维导图(一)高频考点之一：提示词为动词1．考查谓语动词解题攻略若句中无谓语动词，或者虽然已有谓语动词，但需填的动词与之是并列关系时，所给动词就是谓语动词；此时，应先考虑时态，考生可以根据句中的时间状语或语篇提示确定时态，然后考虑语态，最后需考虑主谓一致和语气问题，来确定谓语动词的数。举例1Whilerunningregularlycan'tmakeyouliveforever,thereviewsaysit____(be)moreeffectiveatlengtheninglifethanwalking,cyclingorswimming.分析：分析句子结构可知，前半句是由while引导的让步状语从句，后半句是主句，主句中含有一个宾语从句，即it...orswimming作says的宾语。又因此处是对客观情况的描述，应用一般现在时，再根据主谓一致原则可知，应填is。举例2DietshavechangedinChina—andsotoohasitstopcrop.Since2011,thecountry____(grow)morecornthanrice.分析：分析句子成分可知，空格所在的句子中缺少谓语动词。根据时间状语Since2011可知，谓语动词需用现在完成时，根据句意可知应用主动语态，再根据主谓一致原则可知填hasgrown。举例3TheChineseMinistryofAgriculturefindsthatbetween2005—whenthegovernment____(start)asoil­testingprogramthatgivesspecificfertilizerrecommendationstofarmers—and2011,fertilizerusedroppedby7.7milliontons.分析：分析句子结构可知，whenthegovernment____(start)asoil­testingprogram为关系副词when引导的定语从句，先行词为2005。通过分析定语从句可知从句中缺少谓语动词，再根据时间状语between2005可知应填一般过去时，根据句意可知需用主动语态，故填started。考查非谓语动词解题攻略若句中已有谓语动词，空处又不在句中作并列谓语时，所要填的通常是非谓语动词，此时需进一步确定是非谓语动词的哪种形式。一般来说，作主语、宾语、表语、定语通常用动名词形式；此外，doing表示主动、正在进行；done表示被动、完成；todo表示尚未发生的动作。举例4Youdon'thavetorunfastorforlong____(see)thebenefit.Youmaydrink,smoke,beoverweightandstillreduceyourriskof____(die)earlybyrunning.分析：第一句中已有谓语动词don'thavetorun，故空格处应为非谓语动词。根据句意可知应填不定式tosee，作目的状语。第二句中已有谓语动词reduce，故空格处应为非谓语动词。又因空格前有介词of，结合句意可知，应填dying，作介词of的宾语。举例5Anotherreasonforcorn'srise:Thegovernmentencouragesfarmerstogrowcorninsteadofrice____(improve)waterquality.分析：句中已有谓语动词encourages，故空格处应为非谓语动词。根据句意可知应填不定式toimprove，作目的状语。举例6China'sapproachtoprotectingitsenvironmentwhile___(feed)itscitizens“offersusefullessonsforagricultureandfoodpolicymakersworldwide，”saysthebank'sJuergenVoegele.分析：分析句子成分可知，句中已有谓语动词offers，再根据空格前有从属连词while可知，“while____(feed)itscitizens”为时间状语从句的省略结构，所填的词与其逻辑主语China之间为主动关系，故应填现在分词feeding。举例7ButmyconnectionwithpandasgoesbacktomydaysonaTVshowinthemid­1980s,whenIwasthefirstWesternTVreporter____(permit)tofilmaspecialunitcaringforpandasrescuedfromstarvationinthewild.分析：when引导的从句中已经有谓语动词was，且从句中无其他连词，故空处应填非谓语动词。reporter与permit之间是被动关系，故用过去分词表被动。过去分词短语permittedto...作后置定语，修饰reporter。故填permitted。3．考查派生词解题攻略有时所给提示词虽然是动词，但是空格处既不是考查谓语动词也不是考查非谓语动词，而是要求填所给词的派生词。此时要结合空格处前后的修饰词来确定所给提示词应派生为哪种词性。一般考查动词派生为名词，有时还需考虑动词变为形容词甚至副词。举例8Thisswitchhasdecreased__66__(pollute)inthecountry'smajorlakesandreservoirsandmadedrinkingwatersaferforpeople.分析：分析句子成分可知空格前面有谓语动词hasdecreased，其后缺少宾语，故填名词pollution。举例9Thisdevelopmentwasonlypossiblewiththe___(introduce)ofelectric­poweredenginesandlifts.分析：由前面的定冠词the可知，其后应接名词，故填introduction。(二)高频考点之二：提示词为名词解题攻略所给提示词为名词时，通常考查可数名词的单数变复数，或名词派生为形容词、动词等。举例10Twooftheauthorsofthereviewalsomadeastudypublishedin2014thatshowedamerefiveto10minutesadayofrunningreducedtheriskofheartdiseaseandearlydeathsfromall___(cause)．分析：分析句子成分可知，fromall___(cause)为介词短语作后置定语，空处位于介词之后作宾语，又因空格前面有all，所以填其复数形式causes。举例11Toavoidkneepain,youcanrunonsoftsurfaces,doexercisesto____(strength)yourlegmuscles(肌肉),avoidhillsandgetgoodrunningshoes.分析：分析句子成分可知，空格前面有谓语动词do，再根据句意可知，此处应填动词形式，与空前的不定式符号to构成不定式短语，在句中作目的状语。故填strengthen。举例12TheCentralLondonRailwaywasoneofthemost____(success)ofthesenewlines,andwasopenedin1900.分析：根据语境并结合空前的themost可知，空处表达最高级意义。故填successful。(三)高频考点之三：提示词为形容词或副词解题攻略当提示词为形容词或副词时，需考虑是否是考查比较级或形容词和副词之间的相互转换。当提示词为形容词时，还要考虑是否需要转换为名词形式。举例13(2018·全国卷Ⅰ)Accordingtoareviewofevidenceinamedicaljournal,runnerslivethreeyears____(long)thannon­runners.分析：根据空格后面的than可知，此处考查比较级形式，故填longer。举例14Atasteformeatis__63__(actual)behindthechange:Animportantpartofitscornisusedtofeedchickens,pigs,andcattle.分析：分析句子成分可知，空处在句中作状语，修饰谓语动词is应用副词。故填actually。(四)低频考点：提示词为代词解题攻略所给提示词是代词时，一般考查人称代词变为物主代词。有时需考虑人称代词单数变为复数、主格变为宾格、人称代词变为反身代词等。举例15WhenthegorillasandIfrightenedeachother,Iwasjustgladtofind___(they)alive.分析：因空处作动词find的宾语，故应填人称代词的宾格形式，即them。举例16Onmyrecentvisit,Iheldalivelythree­month­oldtwinthathadbeenrejectedby__68__(it)mother.分析：mother是名词，所填词作定语修饰mother，故填其形容词性物主代词its。二、高考真题分项演练一、2022年高考真题【2022新高考I卷】TheGPNP’smaingoalistoimproveconnectivitybetweenseparatepopulationsandhomesofgiantpandas,and__________(eventual)achieveadesiredlevelofpopulationinthewild.【2022全国乙卷】“AsamainpromoteroftheInternationalTeaDay,thebirthplaceofteaandthe__largest_(large)tea-producingcountry,Chinahasa___65___(responsible)toworkwithothercountriestopromotethehealthydevelopmentoftheteaindustry.【2022全国乙卷】TheChineseAncientTeaMuseumwasofficiallyunveiled(揭幕)attheceremonyopening__________(it)firstexhibition:TheAvenueofTruth—ASpecialExhibitionofPu’erTea.【2022新高考I卷】__________(cover)anareaaboutthreetimesthesizeofYellowstoneNationalPark,theGPNPwillbeoneofthefirstnationalparksinthecountry.【2022新高考I卷】Theplanwillextendprotectiontoasignificantnumberofareasthatwerepreviouslyunprotected,bringingmanyoftheexistingprotectedareasforgiantpandasunderoneauthority___________(increase)effectivenessandreduceinconsistenciesinmanagement.【2022全国甲卷】Avisually-challengedmanfromBeijingrecentlyhiked(徒步)40daystoXi’an,asafirststep___________(journey)theBeltandRoadroute(路线)byfoot.【2022全国甲卷】InspiredbytheBeltandRoadForumforInternationalCooperation___________(hold)inBeijing,Caodecidedtocovertheroutebyhikingasatribute(致敬)totheancientSilkRoad.【2022全国甲卷】Heflew4,700kilometersfromXi’antoKashgaronSept.20,__________(plan)tohikebacktoXi’aninfivemonths.【2022全国乙卷】__________(strengthen)theconnectionwithyoungpeople,theeventincludedanumberofpublicpromotionalactivitiesonsocialmedia,__________(invite)twenty-nineteaprofessionalsfromaroundtheworldtohavethirty-sixhoursofuninterruptedlivebroadcasts.【2022年新高考2卷】HenryTylermadethecatchoftheyearontheweekend.Whenhesawayoungchildhangingfromasixth-floorapartmentbalcony(阳台),Henryranonehundredmetres,jumpedovera1.2-metrefence,andheldouthisarmstocatchthe___36___(fall)child.【2022年新高考2卷】Ericwokeupalittlelaterwhenheheardchildrenplayingoutside.Hepushedachairontothebalcony,andclimbedup___39___(see)them.【2022新高考I卷】Theplanwillextendprotectiontoasignificantnumberofareasthat__________(be)previouslyunprotected,【2022新高考I卷】Afterathree-yearpilotperiod,theGPNPwillbeofficiallysetupnextyear.TheGPNP__________(design)toreflecttheguidingprincipleof“protectingtheauthenticityandintegrity(完整性)ofnaturalecosystems,preservingbiologicaldiversity,protectingecologicalbufferzones,andleavingbehindpreciousnaturalassets(资产)forfuturegenerations”.【2022年浙江卷1月】ButCobbandothers________（be）nowquestioningthatideapushingconferencestoprovidemorechancestoparticipateremotely,and________（change）theirpersonalbehaviortodotheirpartindealingwiththeclimatechangecrisis.【2022全国甲卷】Caobelievesthiswillmakethehikingtripevenmore___________(meaning).【2022全国甲卷】...andin2016,hereachedthetopofKilimanjaro,Africa’s_________(high)mountain.【2022全国乙卷】“AsamainpromoteroftheInternationalTeaDay,thebirthplaceofteaandthe_________(large)tea-producingcountry,Chinahasaresponsibilitytoworkwithothercountriestopromotethehealthydevelopmentoftheteaindustry.【2022年浙江卷1月】OnawebsitecalledNoFlyClimateSci,forexample,__________（rough）200academics-manyofthemclimatescientistshavepromisedtoflyaslittleaspossiblesincetheeffortstartedtwoyearsago.【2022新高考二卷】Onthedayoftheaccident,Mrs.BrownwasatworkandEricwasathomewithhisfather.Theybothfell___38___(sleep)whilewatchingTV.【2022新高考二卷】Whenhelookeddown,he___40___(accidental)slippedandfellovertheedge.【2022.6全国甲卷改错】ThedisagreementwastoosharpthatneitherhenorIknewwhattosettleit.【2022.6全国乙卷语法填空】___68___(strengthen)theconnectionwithyoungpeople,theeventincludedanumberofpublicpromotionalactivitiesonsocialmedia,【2022年新高考2卷】Hesavedmyson'slife,"saidMrs.Brown."Idon'tknow___45___tothankhim.”二、2021年高考真题【2021.6新高考1卷语法填空】Whatcomesnextistheendlessseriesofsteps.Youcan'thelpwonderinghowhardit

6

(be)forthepeoplethentoputallthoserocksintoplace.【2021.6浙江卷语法填空】AfterLincolnwaselectedPresidentoftheUSin1861,theyrentedthehouseand

10

(sell)mostoftheirfurniture.【2021.6全国甲卷语法填空】It

1

(build)originallytoprotectthecity

in

theTangdynastyandhasnowbeencompletelyrestored（修复）.【2021.6全国甲卷语法填空】We

6

(hire)ourbikesfromtherentalplaceattheSouthGate.【2021.6浙江卷语法填空】Itdoesn'timpresslikeGeorgeWashington'splantationonthePohomac,butLincoln'shomeindowntownSpringfield,Illinois,

1

(prove)irresistibletovisitorssinceitopenedtothepublie.

【2021.6浙江卷语法填空】Mary'sniecewrote,pretty,"Thelittlehome

5

(paint)white.【2021.1浙江卷语法填空】Itiscalculatedbydividinga

person’sweightinkgbytheirheightinmeterssquared,andaBMIofbetween19and25

4

(consider)healthy.【2021.1浙江卷语法填空】Incities,however,thegain

6

(be)1.3inwomenand1.6inmen.【2021.6新高考1卷语法填空】Thehotspringatthefootofthemountainissomethingyoumusttryaftertheclimb.Itwill

3

(undoubted)helpyougetrefreshed!【2021.6新高考1卷语法填空】Butthat'shownatureis—alwaysleavingus

5

(astonish).【2021.6全国甲卷语法填空】Supposedlyyoucandoitintwohours,butwestoppedatthedifferentgatesand

watchtowerstotakepicturesorjusttowatchthelocalpeoplegoingabouttheir

10

(day)routines.【2021.6全国甲卷语法填空】Afterspendingsometimelookingatallthedefensiveequipmentatthewall,wedecideditwastimeforsomeactionandwhat

5

(good)thantorideonapieceofhistory!【2021.6全国乙卷语法填空】Provide

8

(finance)aidandotherbenefitsforlocalpeoples.【2021.6浙江卷语法填空】Whenthehousewasbuilt,itwasmuch

4

(small)thanitistoday.【2021.1浙江卷语法填空】But30yearslater,theBMIdifferencebetweenurbanandruralpeopleinmanycountrieshadnarrowed

8

(sharp).【2021.1浙江卷语法填空】Thismaybeduetosomedisadvantagesforpeople

livinginthecountryside,including

10

(low)levelsofincomeandeducation,highercostsofhealthyfoods,andfewersportsfacilities.【2021.6全国乙卷语法填空】Itisdifferentfromtraditionaltourismbecauseitallowsthetravelertobecome

1

(educate)abouttheareas—bothintermsofgeographicalconditionsandculturalcharacteristics,andoftenprovidesmoneyforconservationandbenefitsthe

developmentofthelocalareas.【2021.6新高考1卷语法填空】Therollingseaofcloudsyouseeonceyouareatthetopwillremindyouhowtinywe

2

(human)are.【2021.6全国甲卷语法填空】Supposedlyyoucandoitintwohours,butwestoppedatthedifferentgatesand

9

(watchtower)totakepictures...【2021.6全国乙卷语法填空】.

9

(activity)thererangefromwhalewatchingtohiking（远足）andaccommodationsaim

tohavealowimpactonthenaturalenvironment.【2021.1浙江卷语法填空】Itiscalculatedbydividinga

3

(person)weightinkgbytheirheightinmeterssquared,andaBMIofbetween19and25

4

(consider)healthy.【2021.6浙江卷语法填空】In1844theyboughtit

for＄1,200andsomelandfromCharlesDresser,whoperformedtheir

3

(marry)ceremonyin1842.【2021.6全国乙卷语法填空】Itisdifferentfromtraditionaltourismbecauseitallowsthetravelertobecome

educatedabouttheareas—bothintermsofgeographicalconditionsandculturalcharacteristics,andoftenprovidesmoneyforconservationandbenefitsthe

2

(develop)ofthelocalareas.【2021.6新高考1卷语法填空】Thoughitistheonlyunnaturalthingonyourwayupthemountain,stillithighlightsthewholeadventure

andoffersaplacewhereyoucansitdowntorestyour

8

(ache)legs.【2021.6全国甲卷语法填空】Itispossible

3

(walk)orbiketheentire14kilometers.【2021.6全国甲卷语法填空】After

4

(spend)sometimelookingatallthedefensiveequipmentatthewall,wedecideditwastimeforsomeactionandwhat

betterthantorideonapieceofhistory!【2021.6全国乙卷语法填空】Minimizetheimpactof

7

(visit)theplace.【2021.6全国乙卷语法填空】Activitithererangefromwhalewatchingtohiking（远足）andaccommodationsaim

10

(have)alowimpactonthenaturalenvironment.二、高考真题综合演练一、2022年高考真题【2022年新高考2卷】HenryTylermadethecatchoftheyearontheweekend.Whenhesawayoungchildhangingfromasixth-floorapartmentbalcony(阳台),Henryranonehundredmetres,jumpedovera1.2-metrefence,andheldouthisarmstocatchthe___36___(fall)child.EricBrown,onlythreeyearsold,knockedHenrydownwhenhefell.Theboyisinthehospitalanddoctorssayhe'llbeOK.___37___BrownfamilyliveinanapartmentbuildingoutsideToronto.Onthedayoftheaccident,Mrs.BrownwasatworkandEricwasathomewithhisfather.Theybothfell___38___(sleep)whilewatchingTV.Ericwokeupalittlelaterwhenheheardchildrenplayingoutside.Hepushedachairontothebalcony,andclimbedup___39___(see)them.Whenhelookeddown,he___40___(accidental)slippedandfellovertheedge.Hehungonforafewminutes___41___screamedforhisfather,buthisfatherdidn'thearhim.Henry___42___(fix)hiscarwhenheheardthescreams.HelookedupandsawErichangingfromthebalcony.Hequickly___43___(throw)histoolsaside,andstartedrunning,armsout.Hesavedmy___44___(son)life,"saidMrs.Brown."Idon'tknow___45___tothankhim.”"Ijustdidn'twanttheboytobehurt,"saidHenry.【2022年全国乙卷】May21stthisyearmarksthefirstInternationalTeaDay,whichwasnamedofficially___61___theUnitedNationsonNovember27th,2019.Tocelebrate___62___festival,anumberofeventstookplaceattheChineseBusinessmanMuseuminBeijingonThursday.ThechairmanoftheChinaCulturePromotionSociety___63___(address)theopeningceremony.“AsamainpromoteroftheInternationalTeaDay,thebirthplaceofteaandthe___64___(large)tea-producingcountry,Chinahasa___65___(responsible)toworkwithothercountriestopromotethehealthydevelopmentoftheteaindustry.Itcanhelptobuildacommunitywitha___66___(share)futureformankind,”hesaid.The“FirstInternationalTeaDayTeaRoadCooperativeInitiative”issued(发布)attheceremonycallsforpeopleworkingintheteaindustrytocometogethertopromoteinternationalcooperation___67___culturalexchanges.Afour-yearteapromotion—TeaRoadCooperativePlan—wasalsoissuedinaccordancewiththeinitiative.___68___(strengthen)theconnectionwithyoungpeople,theeventincludedanumberofpublicpromotionalactivitiesonsocialmedia,___69___(invite)twenty-nineteaprofessionalsfromaroundtheworldtohavethirty-sixhoursofuninterruptedlivebroadcasts.TheChineseAncientTeaMuseumwasofficiallyunveiled(揭幕)attheceremonyopening_____70_____(it)firstexhibition:TheAvenueofTruth—ASpecialExhibitionofPu’erTea.【2022年北京卷】AHelenwaswalkingdownthestreetlate11theevening,herarmsfilledwithgrocerybags.Focusedonbalancingthebags,shedidn’tnoticeherwalletfallingoutofherpocket.AsHelenwalkedon,sheheardamanchargingtowardsher.Fearfulthathemighthaveanintention12(harm)her,Helenstartedtorun.Eventually,theman13(catch)upwithher,andhewasonlytryingtoreturnherwallet!BWhydohumansprefersomesmellsoverothers?Onetheory,increasingly 14(support)byexperts,suggeststhatsmellpreferencesarelearned.It’seasytoexplainhowwedetermine15smellsaredangerousornot:welearn.Thishasbeenadoptedtoensureeasierdetectionofgasleaks.Gasnaturally16(have)norecognisablesmell.However,astrongsmellisaddedsothatwecanraisethealarmwhenwedetectthesmellassociatedwithdanger.CSincepeoplecan’talwayseatoutorcookfor17(they),theygettakeoutororderdelivery.Moretakeoutandmorefooddeliveryequalmorewaste,especiallyplasticwaste.Thatincludescups,bottles,andbags,mostof18areonlygoodforoneuse.That’sabigproblemanditisgettingeven19(bad).Theuseofthoseplastics20(increase)by300%since2019.Theworldwon’tsurviveifthissituationcontinues.【2022年1月浙江卷】Kim

Cobb,aprofessorattheGeorgia

InstituteofTechnologyinAtlanta,isoneofasmallbutgrowingminorityofacademics56

arecuttingbackontheirairtravelbecauseofclimatechange,Travellingtoconferences,lectures,workshops,andthelike-frequentlybyplane57

(view)asimportantforscientiststogettogetherandexchangeinformation.ButCobbandothers58

(be)nowquestioning

thatidea

pushingconferencestoprovidemorechancestoparticipateremotelyand59

(change)theirpersonalbehaviortodotheirpartindealingwiththeclimatechangecrisis.OnawebsitecalledNoFlyClimateSci.Forexample.60

(rough)

200academics-manyofthemclimatescientists61

(promise)toflyaslittleaspossible

sincetheeffortstartedtwoyears

ago.Cobb,forherpart,startedtoaskconferenceorganizerswhoinvitedhertospeak62

shecoulddosoremotely,aboutthreequartersof63

time,theyagreed,Whentheanswerwasno,shedeclinedthe

64

(invite).ThatapproachbroughtCobb’sairtravel

lastyeardownby75%,andsheplans65

(continue)thepractice.“Ithasbeenfairlyrewarding.”shesays.”areallypositivechange”二、2021年高考真题【2021.6北京卷A篇】Whydowedream?Scientistsaren'tcompletelysure,andtheyhavediverse

1

(idea).Dreamsmightbeasideeffectofmemorymaking.Whenyousleep,yourbrainsortsthrougheverything

2

happenedduringtheday,tryingtolinknewexperiencestooldmemories.Asit

3

(connect)things,yourbrainturnsthemintoastory,andyougetadream.【2021.6北京卷B篇】Samisanin-real-lifestreamer（播主）,andhelivestreamshimselfjustgoingabouthisday.Whileridinghisbikehome

1

acoldnight,hecameacrossasad-lookingelderlywomanwanderingthestreetsbyherself.Thepoorwomanwasn'tabletogivehimanyinformationabout

2

shelived.Samwalkedhertoanearbyconveniencestoresothatshecould

3

(safe)waitforthepolicetotakeherhome.【2021.6北京卷C篇】There

1

(be)adramaticriseinthenumberofextremeweathereventsoverthepast20years,

2

(cause)largelybyrisingglobaltemperatures,accordingtoanewreportfromtheUnitedNations.From2000to2019,therewere7,348majornaturaldisastersaroundtheworld,

3

(result)inUSD2,970billionineconomicloss.Muchofthisincreasecanbeduetoclimatechange.Thefindingsshowacriticalneed

4

(invest)indisasterprevention.【2021.6新高考2卷】I'vealwayslovedtheocean.Inthe____36____(seven)grade,IstartedvolunteeringattheMontereyBayAquariuminCalifornia.Iwasupsettolearnthatmanyseaanimalseatplasticgarbage,____37____(think)itisfood.Idecidedtodosomething____38____(educate)peopleaboutthisproblem.Iheldpresentationsatschoolstoteachkidsaboutplasticwaste.Iwantedtoreachbusinessestoo.IdecidedthatifIlearnedofacompany____39____usedalotofplastic,I'dsenditanemailurgingittocutback.Oneday,Isawacommercialforahealth-carecompany.Peopleintheadwereusingplasticstraws（吸管）.Ifoundthecontactinformationofthecompany____40____emaileditspresident.Itoldhimhow____41____(harm)plasticcouldbetotheenvironmentandaskedhimtoconsiderusingmoreeco-friendlyoptions.Iwasso____42____(excite)whenhewrotebacktome.Hesaidhewouldmakesurethatthecompanycutitsuseofplasticstrawsinhalf.Ikeptgoing.WheneverIheardofbusinessesusingplastic,I'dsendanemail.OneofthebiggestcompaniesIwroteto____43____(be)AlaskaAirlinesParis.Acompany____44____(represent)wrotebackandtoldmetheairlinewasswitchingover_____45_____plastictopapercupsonallofits1,200dailyflights.【2021.6全国乙卷】Ecotourismiscommonlyregardedaslowimpact（影响）traveltoundisturbedplaces.Itisdifferentfromtraditionaltourismbecauseitallowsthetravelertobecome

1

(educate)abouttheareas—bothintermsofgeographicalconditionsandculturalcharacteristics,andoftenprovidesmoneyforconservationandbenefitsthe

2

(develop)ofthelocalareas.Ecotourismhas

3

(it)originwiththeenvironmentalmovementofthe1970s.Itwasnotwidelyacceptedasatravelconcept

4

thelate1980s.Duringthattime,increasingenvironmentalawarenessmadeitdesirable.Dueto

5

growingpopularityofenvironmentally-relatedandadventuretravel,varioustypes

6

tripsarenowbeingclassifiedasecotourism.Actually,atrueeco-friendlytripmustmeetthefollowingprinciples:●Minimizetheimpactof

7

(visit)theplace.●Buildrespectforandawarenessoftheenvironmentandculturalpractices.●Provide

8

(finance)aidandotherbenefitsforlocalpeoples.●Makesurethatthetourismprovidespositiveexperiencesforboththevisitorsandthehosts.KomodoNationalPark,officiallyrecognizedin1980,ispopularforecotourismbecauseofitsuniquebiodiversity.

9

(activity)thererangefromwhalewatchingtohiking（远足）andaccommodationsaim

10

(have)alowimpactonthenaturalenvironment.【2021.1浙江卷】Inastudyof33yearsoftrendsinBodyMassIndex（体重指数）across200countriesthescientistsfoundthatpeopleworldwidearegettingheavier

1

thatmostoftheriseisduetogainsinBMTinruralareas.BMIisaninternationallyrecognizedmeasurementtool

2

givesanindicationofwhethersomeoneisahealthyweight.Itiscalculatedbydividinga

3

(person)weightinkgbytheirheightinmeterssquared,andaBMIofbetween19and25

4

(consider)healthy.Thestudyfoundthatbetween1985and2017,averageruralBMIincreased

5

2.1inwomenandmen.Incities,however,thegain

6

(be)1.3inwomenand1.6inmen.Theresearchersdescribed"strikingchanges"inthegeographyofBMI.In1985,urbanmenandwomeninmorethanthreequartersofthecountries

7

(study)hadhigherBMIsthanmenandwomeninruralareas.But30yearslater,theBMIdifferencebetweenurbanandruralpeopleinmanycountrieshadnarrowed

8

(sharp).Thismaybeduetosomedisadvantagesforpeople

9

(live)inthecountryside,including

10

(low)levelsofincomeandeducation,highercostsofhealthyfoods,andfewersportsfacilities. 三、2020年高考真题【2020全国3卷】InancientChinalivedanartist

1

paintingswerealmostlifelike.Theartist'sreputationhadmadehimproud.Onedaytheemperorwantedtogethisportrait（画像）donesohecalledallgreatartiststocomeandpresenttheir

2

（fine）work,sothathecouldchoosethebest.Theartistwassurehewould

3

（choose）,butwhenhepresentedhismasterpiecetotheemperor'schiefminister,theoldmanlaughed.ThewiseoldmantoldhimtotraveltotheLiRiver—perhapshecouldlearnalittlefromthegreatestartistintheworld.Filledwith

4

（curious）,theartistpackedhisbagsandleft.

5

heaskedthevillagersonthebanksoftheriverwherehecouldfindthelegendary（传奇的）artist,theysmiledand

6

（point）downtheriver.Thenextmorninghehiredaboatandsetout

7

（find）thewell-knownpainter.Asthesmallboatmoved,

8

（gentle）alongtheriverhewasleftspeechlessbythemountainsbeingsilentlyreflectedinthewater.Hepassedmilkywhitewaterfallsandmountainsinmanyshadesofblue.Andwhenhesawthemistsrisingfromtheriverandthesoftclouds

9

（surround）themountaintops,hewasreducedtotears.Theartistwasfinallyhumbled（谦卑）bythegreatestartist

10

earth,MotherNature.【2020北京卷】A篇OliverisahostofaTVprogrammeonfood.Hesaysfood

1

（play）abigroleinhislife."Mymumwasagreatcook,andshe'dsometimesletmehaveatry,"hesaid.ThefirstdishOliverpreparedforhisfamilywasfriedchickenwings.Hemadeitwithhismum'shelp.Oliversaysifyou're

2

（luck）enoughtohavesomeoneclosetoyouwhoenjoyscooking,askthem

3

youcanjoininwhenit'spossible.B篇Single-useplasticbagsareusedatmostafewtimesbeforethey

1

（throw）

away.Ittakesthemhundredsofyears

2

（break）down.Manyofthesebagsendup

in

the

ocean

where

larger

ones

can

trap

sea

creatures,such

as

turtles

and

dolphins.

Over

time,the

bags

fall

apart

3

countlesstinypieces,andfishcanaccidentallyeat

some

of

them.

Now,lots

of

4

（country）andregionsaretakingactiontobanthesaleofsuchbagstostoppeopleusingthem.C篇Apieceofstone

1

（find）onaDutchbeachsuggeststhatourextincthumanrelatives,knownasNeanderthals,wereclevererthanpreviouslythought.TheNeanderthals

2

（live）alongsidehumanancestorsinEuropefortensofthousandsofyears,beforedyingoutabout40,000yearsago.Theyweremuchstrongerthanmodernhumans,butit'slongbeenassumedthathumanancestorswere

3

（smart）thantheNeanderthals.However,thestonetoolmadebyNeanderthalssuggestsotherwise.【2020.7上海卷】Oneoftheearliest-knowninventionsisthebowandarrow,whichisstillusedthroughouttheworldtoday,15,000years

1

itwasfirstinvented.Ofcourse,thesedays,thebowandarrow

2

(use)mainlyinsportingevents,butinsomeplacesitisstillameansofkillinganimalsforfood.InwesternAsia,anotherextremelyimportantinventionwasborn—theabilitytoproducepots.Aslongas6500yearsago,peoplewereproducingpottery,mostlyplainandwithoutdesigns,butthetechniquehaschangedlittlesince.Somepeoplesaythatt