2024-2025学年人教版九年级英语上学期 专题05 阅读理解之说明文 【期中必刷15篇】

-2025学年九年级上期期中考点大串讲（人教版）专题05阅读理解之说明文（15篇）（解析版）（一）（23-24九年级上·福建福州·期中）Duringthetwosessions(会议),LeiJun,thefounderofChina’stechcompanyXiaomi,calledformoree-wasterecyclingplansinChina.“Chinashouldsetupdifferentrecyclingstrategiestomakefulluseofthehugenumberofunwantedsmartphonesandcomputerstoreducethecountry’scarbonfootprint(碳排放).”LeitoldCCTVNews.Accordingtothe2020UNGlobalE-wasteMonitor,theworld’se-wastewillreach74.7milliontonsby2030.That’salmostadoubling(双倍)ofe-wasteinjust16years.Thereportalsofoundthatonly17.4percentoftheworld’se-wastewascollectedandrecycledin2019.Thismeansthatgold,silverandotherhigh-valuematerialsweremostlyburnedordumped(丢弃)insteadofreused.It’sawasteof57billiondollars,or360billionyuan.E-wastecanalsoharmtheenvironmentandpeople’shealth.Forexample,onemobilephonebatterycanpollute600,000litersofwater.Chinaisnowtheworld’slargestproducerofe-waste,followedbytheUS,IndiaandJapan.Techcompaniesarelookingfordifferentwaystosolvetheproblem.Forexample,UScompanyApplebuiltarobotcalledDaisy.Itcandisassemble200iPhonesinanhour.Previously(事先)thephoneswerecutupbeforepeopletooktheusefulmaterialsout.NowwithDaisy,valuablematerialscanbepulledoutmoreeasily.Samsungplanstouserecycledmaterialsinallofitsnewproductsbytheyear2025.Xiaomialsoplanstosetupe-wasterecyclingplatformssothatpeoplecandonate(捐献)orselltheiroldelectronicsmoreeasily.1．WhatisLeiJun’ssuggestion?A．Toreducetheuseofe-products. B．Toincreasethenumberofsmartphones.C．ToimproveChina’se-products. D．Torecyclemoree-waste.2．Whichpictureshowsthechangeofe-wasteaccordingtothepassage?A． B． C． D．3．Accordingtothepassage,whatcanbecausedbydumpinge-waste?a.Wasteofmaterials.

b.Highercostsforbattery.c.Harmtopublichealth.

d.Environmentalpollution.A．abc B．bcd C．acd D．abd4．Theunderlinedword“disassemble”means“________”inChinese.A．组装 B．拆卸 C．销毁 D．回收5．WhydoesthewritermentionApple’sDaisy,SamsungandXiaomi?A．Todiscussreasonsfordealingwithe-waste.B．Toshowpeople’sdailylifeintheUS,KoreaandChina.C．Togiveexamplesofreusinge-waste.D．Toencourageourcountrytoworktogetherwithothers.【参考答案】1．D2．B3．C4．B5．C【语篇解读】本文主要讲述了什么是电子垃圾，电子垃圾的影响以及如何减少电子垃圾。【详情解析】1．细节理解题。“Duringthetwosessions(会议),LeiJun,thefounderofChina’stechcompanyXiaomi,calledformoree-wasterecyclingplansinChina.”可知，雷军建议人们回收更多的电子垃圾。故选D。2．推理判断题。根据“Accordingtothe2020UNGlobalE-wasteMonitor,theworld’se-wastewillreach74.7milliontonsby2030.That’salmostadoubling(双倍)ofe-wasteinjust16years.”可知，到2030年，全球电子垃圾将达到7470万吨，在短短16年内，电子垃圾几乎翻了一番。图B反映了电子垃圾的变化。故选B。3．推理判断题。根据“Thismeansthatgold,silverandotherhigh-valuematerialsweremostlyburnedordumped(丢弃)insteadofreused.”可知，乱扔电子垃圾会造成材料浪费；根据“E-wastecanalsoharmtheenvironmentandpeople’shealth.”可知，电子垃圾也会危害环境和人们的健康，没有提到电池成本更高。故选C。4．词句猜测题。根据“Previously(事先)thephoneswerecutupbeforepeopletooktheusefulmaterialsout.NowwithDaisy,valuablematerialscanbepulledoutmoreeasily.”可知，机器人Daisy可以在一小时内拆卸200部iPhone。disassemble意为“拆卸”。故选B。5．推理判断题。根据“Forexample,UScompanyApplebuiltarobotcalledDaisy.Itcandisassemble200iPhonesinanhour.Previously(事先)thephoneswerecutupbeforepeopletooktheusefulmaterialsout.NowwithDaisy,valuablematerialscanbepulledoutmoreeasily.”“Samsungplanstouserecycledmaterialsinallofitsnewproductsbytheyear2025.Xiaomialsoplanstosetupe-wasterecyclingplatformssothatpeoplecandonate(捐献)orselltheiroldelectronicsmoreeasily.”可知，苹果公司建造手机拆解机器人Daisy来将手机拆解，三星公司计划到2025年所有的新产品将使用可回收材料，小米公司也设立电子垃圾回收平台，以便更容易捐献或者卖出他们的旧的电子产品。作者提到苹果的Daisy，三星和小米是给出了“重复利用电子垃圾的例子”。故选C。（二）（23-24九年级上·甘肃陇南·期中）Areyoualwayslookingatyourmobilephonewhileyou’rewalkingorstudying?Areyouunwillingtoputitdownwhenyougotobed?Tiredofalifecontrolledbymobilephones,manyyoungpeoplearetryingtokeepthemselvesawayfromthephones.That’swhythemobilephoneisolationboxisbecomingpopular.Userssimplyputtheirmobilephoneintheboxandsetatimelock(锁)tostopthemselvesfromgettingit.HanYueisoneoftheusers.Sheboughttheboxasshewaspreparingforaveryimportantexam.Shethoughthighlyofitandsaiditwascertainlyworthwhile.LinTiangi,astudentatBeijingTechnologyandBusinessUniversity,boughtanisolationbox,too.Shestuckseveraleve-catchingstickers(贴纸)onthebox,whichread“Godhelpsthosewhohelpthemselves”,“Theharderyouwork,theluckieryouare”andsoon.“ThestickersremindmethatImustfacereality(现实).”Linsays.However,LiangWenyu,anothercollegestudent,saysitisfunnytouseaboxtocutdownmobilephoneuse.“Itiscompletelymeaningless.Nomatterhowusefultheisolationboxis,youmightlockyourselfupaswell,”hesays.“Icanunderstandwhytheyputthosestickersonthebox—becausetheyhaveverypoorself-discipline(自律）.Howaboutsimplytakingbackyourtime?Self-disciplinedpeoplearesuretosucceedwithoutsuchtricks,”addsLiang.What’syouropinionontheisolationbox?Doyouthinkit’sagoodidea?阅读以上材料，根据其内容回答其后各个小题。6．Youngpeopleusetheisolationboxtohelpthem________.A．facedifficultiesbravely B．fallasleepmorequicklyC．spendlesstimeonphones D．makefewermistakesatschool7．Theunderlinedword“worthwhile”means“________”inChinese.A．无效的 B．微小的 C．值得的 D．基本的8．WhydidLinTiangiputstickersontheisolationbox?A．Tomaketheboxbeautiful. B．Toencourageherself.C．Toshowherloveforthebox. D．Totellotherstheboxbelongstoher.9．WhichofthefollowingcanbeLiangWenyu’ssuggestion?A．Askingotherstohelpkeepthephoneforawhile.B．Lockingthemobilephoneinanotherroom.C．Developingtheabilitytodothingswithoutbeingasked.D．Turningoffthemobilephonewhilestudying.10．Whatdoesthepassagemainlytalkabout?A．Whetherthemobilephoneisolationboxisagoodidea.B．Howtousethemobilephoneisolationbox.C．Whatpeoplecandowiththeirmobilephones.D．Whythemobilephoneisolationboxisbecomingpopular.【参考答案】6．C7．C8．B9．C10．A【语篇解读】本文主要讲述了现在人们因沉迷于手机，想要摆脱被手机“控制”，从而有了手机隔离盒的出现，人们对于手机隔离盒的作用有着不同的看法。【详情解析】6．细节理解题。根据“Userssimplyputtheirmobilephoneintheboxandsetatimelock(锁)tostopthemselvesfromgettingit”和“However,LiangWenyu,anothercollegestudent,saysitisfunnytouseaboxtocutdownmobilephoneuse”可知年轻人使用隔离箱来帮助他们减少花在手机上的时间。故选C。7．词义猜测题。根据上文“Sheboughttheboxasshewaspreparingforaveryimportantexam.”可知她是因为要准备一门重要的考试而买了手机隔离盒，说明她认为这个手机隔离盒是有用的，买它是值得的。故选C。8．推理判断题。根据“...whichread‘Godhelpsthosewhohelpthemselves’,‘Theharderyouwork,theluckieryouare’andsoon.‘ThestickersremindmethatImustfacereality(现实).’Linsays.”可知贴纸上的内容是“天助自助者、越努力越幸运等”，属于鼓舞人心的话，故选B。9．推理判断题。根据LiangWenyu所说的话“Self-disciplinedpeoplearesuretosucceedwithoutsuchtricks”可知自律的人就算没有那些热血格言的贴纸，也肯定会成功。所以LiangWenyu有可能会给出的建议是“培养自己不被要求做事的能力”。故选C。10．主旨大意题。根据“What’syouropinionontheisolationbox?Doyouthinkit’sagoodidea?”以及通读全文后可知，文章主要是针对手机隔离盒的实际作用而举例引出了不同的观点，有人认为手机隔离盒是个好主意，有人却认为这是毫无意义的，所以A选项“手机隔离盒是否为好主意”贴合文章内容。故选A。（三）（23-24九年级上·广东江门·期中）Teenswillfinallygrowupsomeday,leavingtheirparentsandfacingthechallengesinlifealone,sotheyshouldlearnbasiclifeskillsandformgoodworkinghabits.Thegovernmenthasbeentryingtopayattentiontotheimportanceofeducationonthehardworkingspirit(劳动教育).Butthishasbeenoverlookedinrecentyears.Manyteensdonotvaluetheimportanceofworkinghard.ThereisateenagegirlnamedNancy.Sheneverhelpswithchoresathome.Oncehermotherwasonvacationforaweek,leavingheraloneathome.Whenhermothercamehomefromvacation,shecouldnotfindacleandishoracleanshirt.Schoolsplayanimportantroleinteachingstudentsaboutthevalueofworkinghard.Primaryandmiddleschoolsshouldprovidestudentswithhardworkingspiritcourseseveryweek.Toourjoy,someschoolshaveprovidedeachclasswithapieceoffieldtoplanttheirfavouritevegetables.Forexample,No.38MiddleSchoolinHefei,setupa500square-meterfarmonanopenplatform(露天平台)oftheirteachingbuilding.Eachclassareaskedtogrowandpickvegetablesthere.Parentsshouldalsoencourageschildrentolearnbowtodochoresathome.Teensshouldmasteroneortwolifeskillseveryyear.Theseskillscanincludecooking,washingtheirownclothesandtidyingtheirrooms.Thebasicskillsmayhelpteenstosolvetheproblemstheywillmeetinthefuture.11．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“overlooked”meaninChinese?A．强调 B．忽视 C．珍惜 D．蔑视12．WhatdoestheexampleofNancyinthesecondparagraphshow?A．Nancyistoobusytohelpwithchoresathome.B．Manyteensdonotvaluetheimportanceofworkinghard.C．Nancy’sparentsdon’twanthertohelpwithchoresathome.D．Manyteensareunhappywhentheirparentsareawayfromhome.13．Whatisnotthelifeskillforstudentsaccordingtothepassage?A．Washingclothes.B．Tidyingrooms.C．Doinghomework. D．Growingvegetables.14．WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrue?A．Studentsshouldlearnsomenecessarylifeskills.B．Schoolsshouldteachstudentsthevalueofworkinghard.C．Parentsshouldencouragetheirchildrentodochoresathome.D．Thegovernmentneverpaysattentiontoeducationonthehardworkingspirit.15．Whatisthepassageabout?A．Facingthechallengesinlifealone. B．Schooleducation.C．Familyeducation. D．Educationonthehardworkingspirit.【参考答案】11．B12．B13．C14．D15．D【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。本文介绍的是学校和家长应该鼓励并要求青少年学习基本的生活技能，养成良好的劳动习惯。青少年应该每年掌握一到两项生活技能，以便能够解决将来遇到的问题。【详情解析】11．词义猜测题。根据“Manyteensdonotvaluetheimportanceofworkinghard.”可知许多青少年不重视努力工作的重要性，所以应该是劳动教育被忽视了，故选B。12．细节理解题。根据“ThereisateenagegirlnamedNancy.Sheneverhelpswithchoresathome.Oncehermotherwasonvacationforaweek,leavingheraloneathome.Whenhermothercamehomefromvacation,shecouldnotfindacleandishoracleanshirt.”可知作者在第二段中举了南希的例子来说明许多青少年在家里不做家务，不重视努力工作。选项B许多青少年不重视努力工作的重要性符合题意，故选B。13．细节理解题。根据“Eachclassareaskedtogrowandpickvegetablesthere.”以及“Theseskillscanincludecooking,washingtheirownclothesandtidyingtheirrooms.”可知，洗衣服、整理房间、种蔬菜属于生活技能，选项C做家庭作业不属于青少年要掌握的生活技能，故选C。14．细节理解题。根据“Thegovernmenthasbeentryingtopayattentiontotheimportanceofeducationonthehardworkingspirit(劳动教育).”可知政府一直在努力关注劳动教育的重要性。选项D政府从不关注劳动教育不正确，故选D。15．主旨大意题。根据开头“Teenswillfinallygrowupsomeday,leavingtheirparentsandfacingthechallengesinlifealone,sotheyshouldlearnbasiclifeskillsandformgoodworkinghabits.”以及结尾“Thebasicskillsmayhelpteenstosolvetheproblemstheywillmeetinthefuture.”可知文章主要说的是劳动教育，故选D。（四）（23-24九年级上·河北唐山·期中）Everyonewantstosucceedintheirlife.Evenasateenager,youcanachievesuccessinyourlife.Itreallyisn’tsohard.Herearesomestepsthathelpyouhaveasuccessfulteenagelife.★________Nomatterhowboringitisnow,educationwillhelpyouinsociety.Tryyourbestatschool,listentoteachers,doyourhomework,andgetgoodgrades.Doingsowillhelpyougetintoabettercollege/university,whichwillhelpyoutogetagreatjobinthefuture.★Dowellinyourfreetime.Volunteeringcanimproveyourexperience,itcanalsomakeyouhappier.Findvolunteeropportunitiesthatinterestyou.Forexample,ifyouloveanimals,volunteeratananimalcenter.Ifyoulikehelpingpeople,volunteeratasoupkitchen.Ifyouloveprotectingtheenvironment,planttreesorpickuplitter.Whenyouhelpothers,itwillmakeyoufeelbetteraboutyourself.★Findoutyourgoalsinlifeandworktowardsthem.Startthinkingaboutjobsyouwouldliketoget,butmakeagoodchoiceaccordingtoyourinterests.Challengeyourselfandyou’llbesurprisedatwhatyoucandoafteryoufinishahardjob!★Getactive!Joinasportsteamatschooloroutofschool.Justexercise!Studiesshowthatpeoplewhogetactiveintheirchild/teenyearswillbemoreactivewhenthey’readults,sostartgettingactivenow.16．Thewriterdoesn’tthinkit’s________forteenagerstohaveasuccessfullife.A．easy B．possible C．proper D．difficult17．Whichsubtitle(小标题)canbeproperlyputintheblank?A．Getupearly. B．Dowellinschool.C．Believeinsomething. D．Dowhateveryoulike.18．Accordingtothepassage,volunteeringcanhelppeopletoget________.A．quieter B．bored C．happier D．knowledgeable19．Ifyouwanttohelppeople,youcanvolunteer_________.A．atananimalcenter B．atasoupkitchenC．tocleanuplitter D．toplanttreesandflowers20．Thepassagemainlytellsussomewaysto_________.A．haveasuccessfulteenagelife B．makeagoodchoiceC．getactiveinourchildyears D．haveagoodjobandlife【参考答案】16．D17．B18．C19．B20．A【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，旨在为青少年提供成功生活的建议。文章通过列举具体的步骤，如在学校表现优异、利用空闲时间做志愿者、明确人生目标、积极参与体育活动等，鼓励青少年为自己的未来打下坚实的基础。【详情解析】16．细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Everyonewantstosucceedintheirlife.Evenasateenager,youcanachievesuccessinyourlife.Itreallyisn’tsohard.”可以推断出，作者认为青少年成功并非难事。因此，正确答案是D项，即作者不认为青少年成功是困难的。故选D。17．推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Nomatterhowboringitisnow,educationwillhelpyouinsociety.Tryyourbestatschool,listentoteachers,doyourhomework,andgetgoodgrades.”可知，本段主要讲述的是在学校要努力学习，取得好成绩。因此，最适合填入空白处的小标题是“在学校做得好”，故选B。18．细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Volunteeringcanimproveyourexperience,itcanalsomakeyouhappier.”可知，做志愿者可以提高你的经验，同时也可以让你更快乐。故选C。19．细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Ifyoulikehelpingpeople,volunteeratasoupkitchen.”可知，如果你喜欢帮助别人，你可以在施粥厨房做志愿者。故选B。20．主旨大意题。整篇文章主要讲述了一些帮助青少年成功的方法，包括在学校表现好、做志愿者、设定目标、积极参与体育活动等。因此，正确答案是A项，即文章主要告诉我们一些拥有成功青少年生活的方法。故选A。（五）（23-24九年级上·河南郑州·期中）Chinahasalonghistoryofusingincense(熏香).Chinesepeopleloveincenseandknowhowtomakeit.DifferentkindsofChineseherbal(药草的)medicineswerechosenbyancientChinesetomakeincensethatcouldcleantheairandkeepthemindclear.Asearlyasthepre-Qinperiod,peopleburntincensetowishforabetterlife.Later,itwasfoundthatincensecouldbeusedtokeepawayinsects.Gradually,theancientpeoplebegantouseincensetoeliminate(清除)foulgas(臭气)andavoidillness.Inancienttimes,incensewouldalsobeusedtotelltime.Forexample,inthecalculation(计算)ofexamtimepeoplewouldlightastickofincense.Whenitburnedout,theexamwasover.ThisiswhatChinesepeoplecall“thedurationofastickofincense”.What’smore,incenseintheshapeofballswouldbeputinaspecialbag.Differentsmellsofincensecanworkdifferently.Whenitisheated,theclothcoveringthisbagalsosmellsfantastic.It’ssaidthatincensecanalsobeusedtoimprovepeople’shealth.WhenIfeelstressed,thepleasantsmellcanmakemerelaxed.IfeelthatIcantastetheclassicalculturefromtheincense.AncientChinesepeoplebelievedthatbeautifulthingsthatsmellgoodcouldhelppeoplerelax.Chinesepeoplestilllikeincensenow.Itbringsouttheintelligenceofthemindandsilentlyharmonizes(协调)themindandthebody.21．Whydidpeopleduringthepre-Qinperiodburnincense?A．Tocleantheair. B．Tokeepawayinsects.C．Tokeepmindclear. D．Towishforabetterlife.22．Whichofthefollowingcanbestexplainthemeaningoftheunderlinedsentenceinthetext?A．Theheatofastickofincensetoproduce.B．Thetimeofastickofincensetoburnout.C．Thesmokeofastickofincensetospread.D．Thesmellofastickofincensetogiveoff.23．Howdoesthewriterfeelaboutthepleasantsmellofincense?A．Excited. B．Relaxed. C．Stressed. D．Tired.24．Whichofthefollowingbestshowsthestructureofthepassage?A． B． C． D．25．Inwhichunitofatextbookcanthetextbefound?A．Unit1WorldTravel. B．Unit2BodyLanguage.C．Unit3TraditionalCulture. D．Unit4InformationTechnology.【参考答案】21．D22．B23．B24．C25．C【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了中国传统文化——熏香。【详情解析】21．细节理解题。根据“Asearlyasthepre-Qinperiod,peopleburntincensetowishforabetterlife.”可知，先秦时期，人们燃烧香料是为了祈愿美好的生活。故选D。22．词句猜测题。根据“Inancienttimes,incensewouldalsobeusedtotelltime.Forexample,inthecalculation(计算)ofexamtimepeoplewouldlightastickofincense.Whenitburnedout,theexamwasover.ThisiswhatChinesepeoplecall‘thedurationofastickofincense.’”可知，在古代，熏香还被用来计时。例如，在考试时间的计算中，人们会点燃一根香，当香燃尽时，考试就结束了。这应就是中国人所说的一根香燃尽的时间，thedurationofastickofincense“一根香燃尽的时间”。故选B。23．细节理解题。根据“WhenIfeelstressed,thepleasantsmellcanmakemerelaxed.”可知，作者应是认为愉悦的香气可以让他放松。故选B。24．篇章结构题。根据全文可知，文章可以分为三段，第一自然段为一段，简要概括中国熏香有悠久的历史和用途；第二、三、四自然段为一段，主要介绍了熏香在古代和现代生活中的意义和作用；第五自然段为一段，主要是总结并表达现代中国人对熏香的喜爱。故选C。25．推理判断题。根据全文可知，文章主要介绍了中国传统文化——熏香。因此可推知，可能在教科书的第三单元传统文化中找到这段文本。故选C。（六）（23-24九年级上·吉林长春·期中）ZologialSocieyofLondon(ZSL),whichrunsLondonZoo,broughttogether16scientistsfromdifferentorganizationstomakeafullhealthcheckon215milesoftheThames.TheresultsoftheStateoftheThamesReporthavebeenshowntothepublicandthere’sbothgoodandbadnewsforLondon’smainwaterway.Firstup,sincetheThameswaspronounced“biologically(生物学地)dead”in1957,thenumberofanimalsandplantsgrowinginandaroundtheriverhasincreasedgreatly.Naturalhabitats(栖息地)arealsoontheincrease,someofwhichcanhelpinthefightagainstclimate(气候)change.It’snotallgoodnewsthough—likeeverywhereelse,theThamesisinfluencedbyclimatechange,mainlythroughchangesinwatertemperatureandsealevels.TheThamesisincreasingintemperatureatanaverage(平均数)of0.2℃eachyear,changingthenaturalenvironment.WaterlevelsarealsorisingintheThames—atSilvertown.Therehasbeenanaverageincreaseof4.26mmperyearsince1990,whichmakesLondonmorelikelytobeflooded.TheThamesneedsclimatechangetobestoppedinordertomakeitselfalivingriverinthefuture.TheEnvironmentAgencyhasputtogethertheThamesEstuary2100Planwhichsetsoutalong-termplanfordealingwiththeproblemofrisingsealevelsfortherestofthiscentury,inordertoprotectLondonfromfloods.JamesBrand,ThamesEstuary2100AdvisorattheEnvironmentAgencysaid,“WearegladtosupporttheStateoftheThamesReport.Ifwearegoingtostopclimatechange,natureneedstobeattheheartofouractivities,bothinslowingthepaceoffuturechangeanddealingwiththechangesthatwearealreadyseeing.”根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。26．Whatdidthe16scientistsdowiththeThames?A．Theydidanexaminationofit. B．Theygaveanintroductiontoit.C．Theybroughtnewanimalstoit. D．Theyorganizedaclean-upofit.27．WhatisParagraph2mainlyabout?A．Thewayanimalsareraised. B．Thedevelopmentofnaturalhabitats.C．Themeaningof“biologicallydead”. D．ThewelcomechangestotheThames.28．WhathashappenedtotheThames?A．Ithascausedmanyfloods. B．Itstemperaturehasbeenrising.C．Itsplantshavebecomefewerandfewer. D．Itishometoasmallernumberofanimals.29．WhywastheThamesEstuary2100Planmade?A．Torecordtherisingsealevels. B．TohelprebuildLondon.C．Toexplaintheimportanceofnature. D．Tofightagainstclimatechange.30．Wherecanthetextbefound?A．Inastorybook. B．Inahealthmagazine.C．Inaresearchpaper. D．Inageographytextbook.【参考答案】26．A27．D28．B29．D30．C【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，主要伦敦动物学会召集了来自不同机构的16位科学家，对泰晤士河215英里的河段进行了全面的健康检查，公布了检查的结果以及环境署针对问题提出的解决方法。【详情解析】26．细节理解题。结合“broughttogether16scientistsfromdifferentorganizationstomakeafullhealthcheckon215milesoftheThames.”可知，16位科学家对泰晤士河进行检测，故选A。27．主旨大意题。结合“Naturalhabitats(栖息地)arealsoontheincrease,someofwhichcanhelpinthefightagainstclimate(气候)change.”可知，泰晤士河周边生物和栖息地的增加有利于应对气候变化，所以这些变化是好的，故选D。28．细节理解题。结合“TheThamesisincreasingintemperatureatanaverage(平均数)of0.2℃eachyear,changingthenaturalenvironment.”可知，泰晤士河温度上升了，故选B。29．细节理解题。结合上文和“TheEnvironmentAgencyhasputtogethertheThamesEstuary2100Planwhichsetsoutalong-termplanfordealingwiththeproblemofrisingsealevelsfortherestofthiscentury,”可知，环境署制定《泰晤士河口2100年计划》是为了解决气候变化的原因，故选D。30．推理判断题。结合上下文可知，该文是对泰晤士河215英里的河段检查报告。所以选C。（七）（23-24九年级上·江西宜春·期中）Whenyouwanttobuyapairofrunningshoes,willyouchooseNikeorLi-Ning?It’sachoicebetweenlocalandforeignbrands.Accordingtoarecentsurvey,Chinesepeoplegenerallypreferlocalbrandstoforeignbrands.Theyaredrawn(吸引)bythelowprice,goodqualityandcreativedesign(设计).SomeChinesebrandshaveriseninrecentyears.Theyhaveevenstartedtowinsomefansabroad.Asurveybyaresearchgroupshowedthat71percentofpeoplesaidChinesebrandswereimportanttothem.ChinesebrandslikeHuawei,Xiaomi,DJI,FeiyueandLi-Ninghaveallbecomemorepopularoverseas(在海外).Forexample,Huaweiisoneoftheworld’sbiggestmobilephonecompanies(公司),Timesreported.Shein,a“fastfashion”brand,sawitsoperatingincome(营业收入)reachmorethan10billiondollarslastyear,accordingtotheGlobalTimes.Ithasgrownatthisrate(比率)foreightyearsinarow.Inthefuture,Chinesebrandswillcontinuetodevelop.“Thankstoabiggermarket,improvedsupplychains(供应链)andefficient(高效的)production,thisisthebesttimeforthedevelopmentoflocalbrands,”YanQiang,apartnerinHejunConsulting(和君咨询),toldtheGlobalTimes.31．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“quality”mean?A．Howlongorshortsomethingis. B．Howhighorlowsomethingis.C．Howgoodorbadsomethingis. D．Howheavyorlightsomethingis.32．Howisthesecondparagraphdeveloped?A．Byshowingasurvey. B．Byaskingquestions.C．Byexplainingitsmeaning. D．Bygivinganexample.33．WhichparagraphmainlytellsushowpopularChinesebrandsareinforeigncountries?A．Paragraph1. B．Paragraph2. C．Paragraph3. D．Paragraph4.34．Whatisthewriter’sattitude(态度)towardsthefuturedevelopmentofChinesebrands?A．Worried. B．Doubtful. C．Impossible. D．Hopeful.35．What’sthebesttitleforthispassage?A．TheMostFamousForeignBrands B．TheExcellentChineseBrandsC．TheMostFamousMobileCompanies D．TheFutureofForeignProducts【参考答案】31．C32．A33．C34．D35．B【语篇解读】本文主要介绍了一些优秀的中国品牌和中国品牌越来越受欢迎的情况和原因。【详情解析】31．词句猜测题。根据并列词“lowprice,goodqualityandcreativedesign”以及修饰词“good”可推知，“quality”意为“质量”，即“某物是好是坏”。故选C。32．推理判断题。根据第二段“Asurveybyaresearchgroupshowedthat71percentofpeoplesaidChinesebrandswereimportanttothem.”可推知，第二段是通过展示一项调查展开的。故选A。33．主旨大意题。根据第三段“ChinesebrandslikeHuawei,Xiaomi,DJI,FeiyueandLi-Ninghaveallbecomemorepopularoverseas”可知，第三段展示了中国品牌在海外变得很受欢迎。故选C。34．观点态度题。根据最后一段“Inthefuture,Chinesebrandswillcontinuetodevelop.”可推知，作者对中国品牌的发展充满希望。故选D。35．最佳标题题。通读全文可知本文主要介绍了一些优秀的中国品牌和中国品牌越来越受欢迎的情况和原因，因此“TheExcellentChineseBrands”可作为标题。故选B。（八）（23-24九年级上·山东滨州·期中）QianXuesenwasborninShanghaionDecember11th,1911.Heisknownas“thefatherofChina’sspaceprogram”and“thekingoftherocket”.Whenhewas24yearsold,QianwenttoAmericaforfurtherstudy.Aftergraduation,heworkedinAmericaforafewyears,wherehisworkingconditionswerebetter.Intheearly1950s,heheardNewChinahadbeenfoundedanddecidednottostayinAmericaanylonger.Hesucceededincomingbacktohismotherlandin1955thoughtheAmericangovernmenttriedtostophim.In1956,QianXuesensuggestedsettingupaspecialorganization,whichlaterbecametheleadingorganizationforChina’srocketandairtravelprogrammes.InJune1964,Chinasuccessfullycreateditsfirstmediumrocket.QianalsoplayedanimportantroleindevelopingChina’sfirstman-madesatellite.OnApril24th,1970,“Dongfanghong-Ⅰ”wassuccessfullysentintotheair.In1964,ayoungmanwroteQianXuesenaletterandpointedoutamistakeinhispublishedarticle.Qianimmediatelyansweredtheletterandencouragedtheyoungmantowriteanarticleaboutthemistake.ZhuYilin,whowassaidtobethelaststudentofQianXuesen,oncesaid,“IlearntalotprofessionalknowledgeaswellasthespiritandattitudethatascientistshouldhavefromMrQian,especiallyhisdeeploveforthemotherland.Withoutthat,hecouldn’thavehelpedtodevelopscienceandtechnologywhenNewChinawasbadlyinneedofscientistsforitsdevelopment.Withoutthat,hewouldnothavemadethegreatcontribution(贡献)torocketindustryinthelate1950sandearly1960swhenconditionsinChinaweretoohard.”MrQianhasbeendeadfortenyears,buthewillliveinthememoryofChinesepeopleforever.36．WhydidQianXuesengotoAmericawhenhewasyoung?A．Tofindanewjob. B．Toreceivefurtherstudy.C．Tomeetwithhisparents D．Tofindbetterworkingconditions.37．WhenwasChina’sfirstmediumrocketcreated?A．In1955. B．In1956. C．In1964. D．In1970.38．WhatdoesParagraph3mainlytellus?A．ThewayQianXuesentriedtoreturntoChina.B．Thereasonwhyaspecialorganizationwassetup.C．TheroleQianXuesenplayedinmakingthesatellite.D．ThecontributionQianXuesenhasmadetoChina.39．InZhuYilin’sopinion,whatmadeQianXuesenworkhardforhismotherland?A．Hisloveforthemotherland. B．Hisprofessionalknowledge.C．Hisworkingexperience. D．HisangertowardsAmerica.40．Wecanlearnfromthepassagethat?A．QianwasnotwelcomeinAmericainthe1950.B．Theyoungmancouldn’tunderstandQian’sarticles.C．NewChinawasingreatneedofscientistslikeQian.D．Hardconditionsmadeiteasiertodeveloprocketindustry.【参考答案】36．B37．C38．D39．A40．C【语篇解读】本文主要介绍钱学森的生平以及对祖国的巨大贡献。【详情解析】36．细节理解题。根据第二段“Whenhewas24yearsold,QianwenttoAmericaforfurtherstudy”可知，钱学森年轻时去美国是为了深造。故选B。37．细节理解题。根据第三段“InJune1964,Chinasuccessfullycreateditsfirstmediumrocket”可知，1964年中国成功地制造了第一枚中型火箭。故选C。38．主旨大意题。根据“InJune1964,Chinasuccessfullycreateditsfirstmediumrocket.”及“OnApril24th,1970,‘Dongfanghong-Ⅰ’wassuccessfullysentintotheair.”可知，本段主要介绍了钱学森对中国的贡献。故选D。39．细节理解题。根据第五段“IlearntalotprofessionalknowledgeaswellasthespiritandattitudethatascientistshouldhavefromMrQian,especiallyhisdeeploveforthemotherland.…”可知，钱学森为祖国拼搏的主要原因是对祖国的爱。故选A。40．细节理解题。根据“Withoutthat,hecouldn’thavehelpedtodevelopscienceandtechnologywhenNewChinawasbadlyinneedofscientistsforitsdevelopment.”可知，新中国非常需要像钱学森这样的科学家。故选C。（九）（23-24九年级上·四川泸州·期中）Rainforests(热带雨林)providemuchoftheworld’soxygen(氧气).Peoplehavebeentryingtoprotectthemforyears.Butanothertypeofforest,thecloudforest,isjustasimportanttohumans.Theseforestsareatthetopsofmountains,generallyneartheequator(赤道).Thesewet,woodedmountaintopsaremainlyinAfricanandCentralandSouthAmericancountries.Theyarecalled“cloudforests”becausetheirheightallowsfortheformationofcl