2024-2025学年湖南省名校联合体高三上学期开学摸底英语试题（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1湖南省名校联合体2024-2025学年高三上学期开学摸底英语试题第一部分听力(略)第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AASelectionofMuscgmsandAttractionsinWashingtonDCTheTidalBasinThebasin,partoftheWestPotomacPark,issurroundedbyapaththat'sperfectforwalking,runningorcycling.ThememorialstoThomasJeffersonandMartinLutherKingJunioraretwohighlightssurroundingthelake.ItisthelocationmostassociatedwithWashington'sCherryBlossom(樱花)Festivalthattakesplaceeachspring.NationalMuseumofAfricanAmericanHistoryandCultureThemuseumopenedinlate2016aftermorethanadecadeofplanning.ItisdedicatedtoAfricanAmericanhistoryandcultureandisorganizedlikeaverticaltimeline,startingwiththeAtlanticslavetradeomthe1400sandmovinguptothe21stcentury.HigherupareexhibitionsonAfricanAmericanmusic,theatreandart.It'sapowerfulexperienceandalsoverypopular:you'llhavetoapplyforatimedtickettoenter.TheNewseumFurtheralongPennsylvaniaAvenueistheNewseum,lovedforthe800newspaperfrontpagesfromaroundtheworldthatarehungoutsideeverymorning.Inside,therearemovingexhibitsshowinghowimportanthistoricaleventshavebeenreported,suchastheSeptember11attacks.Alongsidenewspaperpagesfromthedayaftertheattacks,there'savideoexhibithighlightingtheworkofjournalistsreportingontheTwinTowersfalling.Amustifyou'reinterestedinjournalism.NationalGalleryofArtTheartgalleryisanimpressivespace:twobuildings,linked'underground,andasculpturegardennextdoor.Insidethelight-filedEastBuildingthere'smodernart,includingaroomfulofJacksonPollock'smurals(壁画),AndyWarhol'sGreenMarilynandRoyLichtenstein'sLookMickey.TheclassicalWestBuildingtendstohouseolderartwork:theEuropeanimpressionistsandItalianRenaissanceart(fromartistsincludingDaVinciandRaphael)aretwohighlights.21.Whichofthefollowingrequiresreservingaticketinadvance?A.TheNewseum.B.TheTidalBasin.C.NationalGalleryofArt.D.NationalMuseumofAfricanAmericanHistoryandCulture22.WhatcanvisitorsdoattheNewseum?A.Learnaboutthestoriesaboutnews.B.Learnhowtoreportimportantevents.C.Talkwithjournalistsaboutthe9/11attacks.D.Read800recentlypublishednewspapers.23.WhyisGreenMarilynexhibitedintheEastBuilding?A.It'sapaintingofmodernart.B.Itisapaintingoftraditionalart.C.Itisapaintingbyafamousartist.D.Itisapricelesspaintingofthegallery.BBike-sharesystemsholdthepotentialtoreducetrafficandpollutioninbigcities.Whiletheyhavereceivedconsiderableattention,theirpromiseofurbantransformationisfarfrombeing-fullyrealized.NewresearchinthejournalManagementSciencefoundakeyreasonisthatwhilecompanieshavefocusedonbikedesignandtechnologyaspects,therehasbeenminimalresearchdoneonoperationalaspectssuchasstationdensity(密度)andbike-availabilitylevels.“Almost80%ofbike-shareusagecomesfromareaswithin1,000feetofthebike-sharestations,orroughlyfourcityblocks,”saidElenaBelavina,oneofthestudyauthors.“Anythingpast1,000feet,potentialusersarealmost60%lesslikelytouseastation."Thestudy,“Bike-ShareSystems:AccessibilityandAvailability”,analyzestherelationshipbetweenridershipandoperationalperformanceinbike-sharedesignsystemstoachievehigherridership.UsingdatafromtheVelib'systeminParis,withroughly17,000bikesand950stations,thestudyestimatestheimpactsoftwoaspectsofthesystemperformanceonbike-shareridership:accessibility,orhowfartheusermustwalktoreachstations,andbikeavailability.Therearetwoimpactsofavailability:First,ashort-termimpactisthatifnearbystationsdonothavebicycleswhenauserwantstotakeatrip,usersmustgotostationsfartherawayorabandonusingbike-share.Second,ifuserstypicallyexpectalowerchanceoffindingabicycle,theyarelesslikelytoevenconsiderbike-sharefortheirtripsandthesystemwillhavelowerridershipinthelongterm.“Mostuserschoosetoabandonusingbike-share.”saidBelavina.“Butoverall,wefindthata10%increaseinbikeavailabilitywouldincreaseridershipbymorethan12%.”Betweenincreasingbike-availabilityanddecreasingwalkingdistance,thestudyfindsthatthelatterhasahigherimpact.Bike-shareoperatorswithlimitedresourcesmustprioritizebuildingmorestationsclosetoriders.Whereshouldthosestationsgo?Theauthorsrecommendlocationswheretherearemanypointsofinterestandlocationswithlowerbikeavailability.24.Whatcanbedonetomakebike-sharesystemsplayabiggerroleinurbantransformationsA.Reducingtrafficandpollution.B.Makingstationsmoreadvanced.C.Puttingmorethoughtintooperations.D.Makingimprovementsinbikedesign.25.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“availability”inparagraph6referto?A.Thenumberofnearbystations.B.Thenecessityofgoingforbikesharing.C.Thelikelihoodoffindingabikeatastation.D.Thewalkingdistancebetweenthestations26.Accordingtothestudy.whatisthemostimportantthingtodotoachievehigherridership?A.Shorteningthebiketrips.B.Reducingthewalkingdistance.C.Increasingthenumberofbikes.D.Attractingriderstopointsofinterest.27.Whatdoesthetextfocuson?A.Howtousethebike-sharesystems.B.Howtomakefulluseofbike-share.C.Howtoraisetheawarenessofbike-share.D.Howtoestimatetheimpactsofbike-share.CInsomepartsoftheworld.peoplearelikelytoplanforthefuture,whileinotherspeoplearemorelikelytoliveinthemoment.Insomesocietiespeopleprefermorepersonalspace;inotherstheyarecomfortablebeinginclosequartersinpublic.Thereareanumberoftheoriesaboutwhereculturaldifferencesbetweensocietiescomefrom.Inagrowingnumberofcases,researchershavefoundthathumancultureanbeshapedbykeyfeaturesoftheenvironmentsinwhichpeoplelive.Ecologyincludesbasicphysicalandsocialcharacteristicsoftheenvironment—suchfactorsashowrichaplaceisinresources,howcommoninfectious(传染性的)diseasesare,howheavilypopulatedaplaceis,andhowmuchthreatthereistohumansafety.Variablesliketemperatureandtheavailabilityofwatercanbekeyecologicalfeatures.Forover200societies,ourlabatArizonaStateUniversitygatheredcomprehensivedataonninekeyfeaturesofecology--suchasrainfall,temperature,infectiousdiseaseandnaturalresourcesanddozensofaspectsofhumanculturalvariation--includingvalues,strengthofsocialnorms(社会规范),personality,motivationandinstitutionalcharacteristics.Withthisinformation,wecreatedtheEcoCulturalDataset.Usingthisdataset,wewereabletogeneratearangeofestimatesforjusthowmachofhumanculturalvariationcanexplainedbyecology.Weranaseriesofstatisticalmodelslookingattherelationshipbetweenourecologicalvariablesandeachofthe66culturaloutcomeswetracked.Foreachoftheculturaloutcomes,wecalculatedtheaverageamountoftheculturaldiversityacrosssocietiesthatwasexplainedbythiscombinationofninedifferentecologicalfactors.Wefoundthatnearly20%ofculturalvariationwasexplainedbythecombinationoftheseecologicalfeatures.Importantly,ourstatisticalestimatestakeintoaccountcommonissuesincross-culturalresearch.Therewilllikelybeunmeasuredsimilaritiesbetweensocietieswithsharedhistoricalrootsandtraditions.Ecologyisn'ttheonlyreasonpeoplearoundtheworldthinkandbehavedifferently.Butourworksuggeststhat,atleastinpart,ourenvironmentsshapeourcultures.28.Whichbestexplainswhypeoplearecomfortablebeinginclosequartersinpublic?A.Theyarefriendlytoeachother.B.Theylikestayinginpublicplaces.C.Theyenjoyspendingtimewithothers.D.Theyliveinaplacewithcoldtemperatures.29.WhatdoweknowabouttheEcoCulturalDataset?A.It'sacombinationofhumansandnature.B.It'sacombinationofecologyandcultureC.It'sacomparisonbetweentheoryandpractice.D.It'sacomparisonbetweenecologyandculture.30.Whatdidtheauthorslabwanttofindout?A.Whereculturaldifferencescomefrom.B.Whetherecologicalfeaturesaffectculture.C.Howstrongtheecology-cultureconnectionis.D.Whyculturaldifferencesbetweensocietiesexist.31.Whatistheconclusionoftheauthor'sstudy?A.Sharedtraditionsleadtoculturalsimilarities.B.Thereareculturaldifferencesbetweensocieties.C.Culturesareshapedbytheenvironmentspeoplelivein.D.Culturaldifferencespartlycomefromecologicalfactors.DHowoftenisyourmindquiet?Ifyou'reatypicalhumanbeing,theanswerisprobablyveryrarely.Formostofourdays,ourattentionisfocusedonexternalthings—thetasksofourjobs,TVprograms,orsocialmediainteractions.Inthemomentswhenourattentionisn'tfocusedexternally,it'susuallyfocusedonwhatiscalled“thought-chatter”—astreamofmentalassociationsconsistingofexpectationsofthefuture,memories,daydreams,andsoon.Butfromtimetotime,weallexperiencemomentswhenourthought-chatterquietsdown,orevendisappearsaltogether.Inthesemoments,weexperienceasenseofgreatwell-being.Wefeelasenseofinnerharmony.Wefeelasifwe'refreeofproblems,andfeelsatisfiedwithourlivesastheyare.Therearemanyactivitiesthathavetheeffectofquietingourminds,andsoproduceastateofwell-being.Forexample,thinkaboutwhathappenswhenyou-gowalkinginthecountryside.Youmightfeelstressedwhenyoustartout,butslowly,after-acoupleofmiles,yourmindbeginstosettledown.Thebeautyandstillnessofnatureattractsyourattentionandyou'renolongerinyourthought-chatter.Bytheendofthewalkyoufeelalmostlikeadifferentperson.Youfeelmorealive,andmuchhappier—largelybecauseyourmindisnowquiet.Thisiswhypeoplelovetolookatbeautifulworksofart.WhenpeopleseethepaintingsofMonetorvanGogh,theyexperienceamind-stoppingmoment,inwhichthey'retakenoutoftheirthinkingmindsandexperienceasenseofgreatwell-being.Thestrangethingis,though,thatmostofthetimethishappensunconsciously(不知不觉地).Weusuallydon'tassociatethiswell-beingwithaquietmind.Andweusuallydon'tthinkofaquietmindastheaimorresultoftheseactivities.Ourestimateofhowenjoyableanactivityismaydependonitsmind-stoppingcapacity.Inotherwords,theverybestperformances—andthemostrewardingactivities—arethosewhicharesoattractiveandintensethattheycancompletelystopourminds.I'mnotsayingthatinnerquietnessistheonlyreasonwhyweenjoytheseactivities.Nevertheless,weshouldcertainlybecomemoreawareoftheassociationofaquietmindwithwell-being.Andatthesametimeweshouldbeawarethatit'spossibleforustoconsciouslyanddirectlycreateaquietmind;ratherthanasabyproductofcertainactivities.Andintheendwemightdevelopapermanentquietmindandattainastateofongoingcontentandharmony.32.Whatcanbeinferredaboutthought-chatter?AItrequiresalotofpractice.B.Itmightbeunpleasantattimes.C.Itmightbeatalkwithafriend.D.Ithelpsreachastateofsilence.33.Whataretheexamplesofactivitiesmentionedinthetextmainlyabout4A.Whatactivitiesleadtowell-being.B.Whatcanbedonetoreducestress.C.Howwecanmakeourmindsquiet.D.Howmentalquietnessleadstowell-being.34.Howcanwedeterminehowmuchpleasureanactivitycangiveus?A.Byjudginghowmuchstressitcanincrease.B.Byjudgingwhetherittakesplaceunconsciously.C.ByjudgingtowhatextentitcanquietourmindsD.Byjudgingwhetheritassociateswithwell-being.35.Whatdoestheauthorintendtohighlightinthelastparagraph?A.Creatinga.quietmindforalltime.B.Livingapeacefullifepermanently.C.Beinginharmonywithinnerquietness.D.Participatinginactivitiesforinnerquietness.第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Tenyearsago,notmanyfamiliesintheUnitedStateswouldconsiderhomeschoolingaseriousoptionfortheirchildren.Therewerenegativefeelingsabouthomeschooling,especiallyamongschooleducators,whoconsidereditcrazyorirresponsible.Butthingshavechangednow.36Ashomeschoolingbecomesmorewidelypracticed,schoolcommunitiesarebecomingfarmoreacceptingandrecognizethatitcanmeetrealneeds.37Homeschoolingprovidescommunitylifethatisvaluabletochildren.Participatingin-communitylife,homeschooledchildrenrelatesociallywithawidevarietyofpeople.38Withoutsocialpressurefromage-separatedclassrooms,kidfeelmorecomfortableformingfriendships.39Weoftenhearparentsandkidstalkabouthowrelievedtheyfeelfrombeingfreedoftraditionalschoolingandnightlyhomework.Withindependentlearning,theyhavemoretimetotalkandlisten;moretimetospendinlibraries,museums,andconcerthalls;ortohike,ridebikes,read,orthink.Thesechangesarewhathappenswhenfamilylifeisdrivenbytheneedsoffamilies,ratherthantheneedsofinstitutions.Homeschoolingalsocreatesbetterlearningenvironmentsforchildrenwhohavebeenwronglyconsideredashavingallsortsofimaginary“learningproblems”inpublicandprivateschools.Theeducatorswantthechildrentobefixedsothattheywillfit;theparentscorrectlysensethattheirchildrenarefineandonlyneedsomethingdifferent:morespace,freedomtomove,asafeenvironment,orrespectfultreatmentfromothers.40A.Homeschoolinghelpschildrenlobroadentheirknowledge.B.Inhomeschoolingfamilies,lifeislikelytobelessstressful.C.Somepeoplechoosehomeschoolingforsocializationbenefits.D.Homeschoolingsuccessstoriesareoftenreportedinthemedia.E.Peoplecanseehoweasyitistogetalongwithhomeschooledkids.F.Forthesefamilies,homeschoolinghelpsachildbuildalifethatworks.G.Thecombinationoftwokindsofschoolinghasagreateffectonachild.第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Mypassionhasalwaysbeencaringforanimals.That'swhyI41atBidcawee.Bideaweeisashelter(收容所)forcatsanddogs,wherealltheanimalsareequally42.Whetherthecatorthedogstaysforadayoryears,eachonehasaspecialplaceinmyheart.Mostoftheshelterdogsaresogentleandfriendlythattheycausemetowonderwhynoonehastakenthem43yet.Theothersneedabitof44andlovetowarmup,butoncethey45you,youfallinlovewiththem.OneofmyfavoritesisadogcalledLola.Shealwaysbarkatstrangers.However,oncesheseesyouoftenandgets46aroundyou,shegreetsyouwithhertailwagging(摇摆),sidetoside.Acommoncharacteristicwithallofthedogs,though,isthattheycanadapttochangesand47thelifeattheshelter.Andthat'swhatIfindsoamazingaboutthem.Timmyisa7-year-olddogthatwas48afteraroundsixyearswithhisowner.Nevertheless,hedoesn'tjuststaythere,thinkingaboutthepastand49bispersontocomeback.Instead,hefocusesonthe50andisfriendlywitheveryone.Atwo-year-olddogcalledNooblostleginacaraccident.However,heplayswithotherfour-leggeddogs51,asiftheinjurydidn'tbotherhim.Bidcaweeconstancy52theirvolunteers,buttome,theyhavedonemoreformethanIcouldevergivetothem.ItrulyenjoyeverymomentI53atthisanimalshelter,whichgivesmea54tobewithalltheselovelydogsandcats.Itisdefinitelyoneofmymostrewarding5541.A.learnB.volunteerC.liveD.observe42.A.lovedB.testedC.shownD.introduced43.A.thereB.outC.homeD.forward44.A.assistanceB.timeC.effortD.support45.A.approachB.contactC.discoverD.recognize46.A.curiousB.comfortableC.activeD.confident47.A.getusedtoB.getreadyforC.arefamiliarwithD.aretiredof48.A.injuredB.raisedC.abandonedD.adopted49.A.directingB.remindingC.requiringD.expecting50.A.presentB.futureC.changesD.memories51.A.quietlyB.separatelyC.differentlyD.normally52.A.helpsB.meetsC.invitesD.thanks53.A.spareB.chooseC.spendD.remember54.A.dreamB.chanceC.jobD.duty55.A.experiencesB.achievementsC.strategiesD.improvements第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。AgroupofchildreninZimbabwe,acountryinsoutheastAfrica,arecloselyfollowingaseriesofmartialarts(武术)movements56.(perform)inaslowandfocusedmanneraccompaniedbydeepbreathing,57.theireyesfixedontheirChinesetaichimaster.Actually,58.groupoftaichienthusiastsareenjoyingthepowerofconcentrationundertheguidanceoftheirinstructor,45-yeat-oldZhuWei,59.isthecaptainoftheChinesemedicalteaminZimbabwe.“Taichiincreasesfocusandmakesstudents,fromschoolchildrentocollegestudents,50.(concentrate)onstudies.”hesays.Taichiisamind-bodyexerciserootedinmultipleChinesetraditions,includingmartialarts,51.(tradition)Chinesemedicineandphilosophy.Itemphasizesamind-bodyconnection52.(use)gentlemovements,meditation(冥想)anddeepbreathing.Martialarts63.(recognize)asafitnesspractice,withawiderangeofhealthbenefits.Zhusaystaichiprovidesmentalhealthbenefitslikeimprovedfocus,aswellasdecreasedstress,anxietyanddepression.Inaddition,itcanimprovea64.(child)confidenceandphysicalstrength.Organizerofthechildren'seventsAbrahamMatukasayskeepingyoungstersbusyandentertainedwithactivitiesliketaichi65.(help)meetchallengesofdrugandotherteenagercrimesinlow-incometownships.第四部分写作(共两节，满分40分)第一节(满分15分)假定你是李华.你校一年一度的艺术节即将来临。你们班为艺术节准备了一个英语短剧。请给外教MissEllis写一封邮件.内容包括：1.介昭你校的艺术节：2.休班的准备：3.请求指导。注意：1.写作词数应为80左右：2.请按如下格式在答面卡的相应位竖作爸DearMissEllis,I'mwritingtoaskforyouhelp.YourssincerelyLiHua第二节(满分25分)阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。LisaSweeneyisa32-year-oldmailcarrierinStatenIsland,NewYork.Fourmonthsago,shenoticedthatsomethingwasn'trightatoneofthehomesonherrote.Itwasherquickactionthatmadeallthedifference.OneafternooninAugust,anoldwomannamedMarieBoyer,wholivedalone,fellatthefootofthestairsinherhome.Shewasjustlyingunconscious(昏迷的)onthefloor.Thenextafternoon,herregularmailcarrier,LisaSweeney,passedbyandnoticedsomethingunusual.ThoughsheandMariehadn'thadmuchconversationovertheyears,Lisaknewherhabits.ShewassurprisednottoseeMarieworkinginhergarden,becausesheusuallyspentmostafternoonstherewhentheweatherwasfine.IjusthadafeelinginmyheartthatMariewasinside.“Lisarecalls.Shewentstraightroundtothebackofthehouse,thinkingthattheoldwomanmightbeinthekitchen,butshedidn'tfindanybodythere.Puzzled,Lisareturnedtothefrontofthehouseandknockedbardonthedoor.Therewasnoanswer.Shethoughtthatthiswasverystrange,sosheknockedonaneighbor'sdoor,buthe'dbeenawayonvacationandarrivedhomejustashorttimebeforesohedidn'tknowanything.JustthenLisanotedthatMane'sbottleofmilk,whichwasdeliveredearlyinthemorning,wasstillonthedoorstep.Itwasaclearwarningsign.注意：1.续写词数应为150左右：2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。“Imustgetintoseewhat'shappened.”Lisasaidtoherself.Lisa'squickactionnotonlysavedalifebutalsostartedafriendship.【〖答案〗〖解析〗】题序123456789101112131415〖答案〗BBAACCBAABCBACB题序161718192021222324252627282930〖答案〗BCCACDAACCBBDBC题序313233343536373839404142434445〖答案〗DBDCADCEBFBACBD题序46474849505152535455〖答案〗BACDADDCBA21.D。根据“you’llhavetoapplyforatimedtickettoenter”可确定〖答案〗。22.A。根据“therearemovingexhibitsshowinghowimportanthistoricaleventshavebeenreported”,并结合新闻工作者报道9/11恐袭事件的例子可知，参观者可在新闻博物馆了解到一些有关新闻的故事。23.A。根据最后两段内容可知，华盛顿国家艺术馆分为东楼和西楼，现代艺术作品在东楼展出(Insidethelight-filledEastBuildingthere'smodernart)。24.C。根据“akeyreasonisthat…therehasbeenminimalresearchdoneonoperationalaspectssuchasstationdensity(密度)andbike-availabilitylevels”可确定〖答案〗。自行车共享系统没能充分发挥其作用,一个重要的原因是对系统如何运营研究极少，所以要加强这方面的考虑和研究，以便使自行车共享系统发挥更大的作用。25.C。该研究分析自行车共享系统的两个方面(AccessibilityandAvailability)对共享单车出行量的影响。根据第五段中的“accessibility,orhowfartheusermustwalktoreachstations”可知,accessibility表示“共享单车站可达性”，即用户必须步行多远才能到达共享单车站。概括第六段内容可推断，availability表示“自行车可用性”，即在共享单车站找到自行车的可能性。26.B。根据倒数第二段内容可确定〖答案〗。27.B。本文首段提出目前自行车共享系统并没有充分发挥其作用，所介绍的有关自行车共享系统的研究从“共享单车站可达性(accessibility)”和“自行车可用性(availability)”两个方面进行分析,均围绕一个中心内容:如何充分利用自行车共享系统。28.D。本文所介绍的研究涉及的是生态(ecology)对文化的影响。首段〖提示〗与主题有关的内容，从生态与文化的角度列举了相关的例子，所以〖答案〗与生态有关。有关生态的范畴在第三段有所介绍，其中也有“temperature”。29.B。概括第四段内容,聚焦“dataonninekeyfeaturesofecology…anddozensofaspectsofhumanculturalvariation...”可确定〖答案〗。30.C。根据第五段“Usingthisdataset,wewereabletogeneratearangeofestimatesforjusthowmuchofhumanculturalvariationcanbeexplainedbyecology.”可确定〖答案〗。31.D。根据最后一段内容可确定〖答案〗。另外三个选项的内容不能作为该研究的结论。32.B。“thought-chatter”指头脑里的一些杂乱想法。根据第二段内容可知,当头脑里的“thought-chatter”消停后,我们便可感受到一种幸福感(weexperienceasenseofgreatwell-being.Wefeelasenseofinnerharmony.Wefeelasifwe'refreeofproblems,andfeelsatisfiedwithourlivesastheyare.),据此可推断,“thought-chatter”有时可能是使人不愉快的。33.D。第三、四段所举的活动例子是用来说明宁静的内心引起产生幸福感的过程。第三段首句“Therearemanyactivitiesthathavetheeffectofquietingourminds,andsoproduceastateofwell-being.”为段落主题句,其余部分围绕该主题进行叙述。34.C。根据倒数第二段首句“Ourestimateofhowenjoyableanactivityismaydependonitsmind-stoppingcapacity.”可确定〖答案〗。mind-stoppingcapacity:让头脑平静下来的能力。35.A。根据最后一段中的“Andatthesametimeweshouldbeawarethatit'spossibleforustoconsciouslyanddirectlycreateaquietmind,ratherthanasabyproductofcertainactivities.Andintheend,wemightdevelopapermanentquietmindandattainastateofongoingcontentmentandharmony.”可看出,作者在结尾段所强调的是有意识地、直接地去创造一种平静的内心，而不是某些活动的副产品，最终发展成一种永久平静的心灵，获得一种持续的满足与和谐。36.D。逻辑衔接句。联系上句及下句内容可确定〖答案〗。37.C。段落主题句。本段中心内容为“socializationbenefits(社会化的好处)”。38.E。逻辑衔接句。联系上句及下句内容可确定〖答案〗。39.B。段落主题句。本段中心内容为“lifeislikelytobelessstressful”。40.F。逻辑衔接句。联系上句内容可确定〖答案〗。41.B。根据最后一段中的“Bideaweeconstantly52.thankstheirvolunteers,buttome...”可确定〖答案〗。42.A。动物在动物收容所得到了平等的关爱。43.C。动物收容所里的动物是等待人们去收养的。44.B。前句表示动物收容所里大多数动物是温和的和对人友好的；本句表示有一些动物在与人形成友好关系之前需要一点时间和关爱，来进行关系上的预热。45.D。recognize：认出。本段叙述狗与人之间的关系发展过程，围绕“陌生——认出——亲热”展开叙述。46.B。comfortable：愉快放松的。这表明狗与人之间形成了亲密的关系。47.A。getusedto：逐渐习惯于；适应。狗能够适应变化的情况，逐渐习惯动物收容所的生活。本段围绕该内容展开叙述。48.C。abandoned:被抛弃的。49.D。expect:期待。根据上句内容可确定〖答案〗。50.A。thepresent:当下;目前。根据本段的段落主题句“theycanadapttochangesand47.getusedtothelifeattheshelter”以及上句中“hedoesn’tjuststaythere,thinkingaboutthepast…”可确定〖答案〗。51.D。normally:平常地。根据本段的段落主题句以及“asiftheinjurydidn’tbotherhim”可确定〖答案〗。52.D。根据“buttome,theyhavedonemoreformethanIcouldevergivetothem”可确定〖答案〗。动物收容所很感谢志愿者们的帮助，但作者认为动物收容所给予自己的要多于自己所付出的。53.C。作者很享受在动物收容所度过的每时每刻。54.B。chance:机会。55.A。作者作为动物收容所的志愿者和动物们在一起，这是一种经历。56.performed。动词-ed短语作后置定语,修饰“martialartsmovements”。57.with。此处为with复合结构。58.the。此处“thegroupoftaichienthusiasts”指上段中的“AgroupofchildreninZimbabwe”。再次提及时group前要用定冠词the。59.who。此处who为关系代词引导一个非限制性定语从句；定语从句修饰ZhuWei。60.concentrate。动词make后接省略to的不定式作宾补。61.traditional。形容词形式作定语修饰“Chinesemedicine”。62.using。动词-ing短语作方式状语。63.arerecognized。被动语态。主语“Martialarts”与recognize之间为被动关系。berecognizedas:被公认为。64.child’s。名词所有格修饰“confidenceandphysicalstrength”。65.helps。动词-ing短语作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。第四部分第一节【参考范文】DearMissEllis,I'mwritingtoaskforyourhelp.Ourschoolholdsanannualartfestivalatwhichwestudentsgiveavarietyofperformances,suchassinging,dancing,shortplays,paintingandcalligraphy.Withthisyear'sartfestivalapproaching,wearenowbusymakingpreparationsforit.TheperformancetobegivenbymyclassisanEnglishshortplayabouttheschoollife.So,wouldyoumindifweaskyoutogiveussomeguidanceonourperformance?Wewouldgreatlyappreciateit.I'mlookingforwardtoyourreply.Yourssincerely,LiHua【评分标准】一、评分原则根据内容要点的完整性，应用词汇和语法结构的丰富性和准确性以及上下文的连贯性综合评分。按六个档次进行评分：第六档(13~15分)完全完成试题规定的任务。——覆盖所有内容要点。——应用较多的语法结构和词汇。——语法结构或词汇方面有些许错误，但为尽力使用较复杂结构或较高级词汇所致。具备较强的语言运用能力。有效地使用语句间的连接成分，使全文结构紧凑。完全达到预期的写作目的。参照第六档评分标准，视被评作文的不足程度酌情按下面档次评分：第五档(10~12分)完全完成试题规定的任务。——虽漏掉1~2个次重点，但覆盖所有主要内容。——应用的语法结构和词汇能满足任务的要求。——语法结构或词汇方面应用基本准确，些许错误主要是因尝试较复杂的语法结构或词汇所致。——使用简单的语句间连接成分，使全文结构紧凑。达到预期的写作目的。第四档(7~9分)基本完成试题规定的任务。——虽漏掉一些内容，但覆盖所有主要内容。——应用的语法结构和词汇能满足任务的要求。——有一些语法结构或词汇方面的错误，但不影响理解。——使用简单的语句间连接成分，使全文内容连贯。整体而言，基本达到预期的写作目的。第三档(4~6分)未适当完成试题规定的任务。——漏掉或未描述清楚一些主要内容，写了一些无关内容。——语法结构单调，词汇项目有限。——有一些语法结构或词汇方面的错误，且影响对写作内容的理解。——较少使用语句间的连接成分，内容缺乏连贯性。信息未能清楚地传达给读者。第二档(1~3分)未完成试题规定的任务。——明显漏掉主要内容，写了一些无关内容，原因可能是未理解试题的要求。——语法结构单调，词汇项目有限。——较多语法结构或词汇方面的错误，且影响对写作内容的理解。——缺乏语句间的连接成分，内容不连贯。信息未能清楚地传达给读者。第一档(0分)——未能传达给读者任何信息：内容太少，无法评判；所写内容均与所要求内容无关或所写内容无法看清。二、说明1.要点分(每个要点3分)1)介绍你校的艺术节2)你班的准备3)请求指导2.词数少于60的，从总分中减去1~2分。3.如书写较差影响交际，降低一个档次计分。第二节【参考范文】“Imustgetintoseewhat'shappened,”Lisasaidtoherself.Soshewalkedroundthehouseuntilshefoundanopenwindowthroughwhichshemanagedtogetintothehouse.There,atthefootofthestairs,shefoundMarielyingunconscious.RealizingtherewaslittleshecoulddoforMarie,sheimmediatelycalledthehospitalforhelp.Itwasn'tlongbeforeanambulancearrivedandMariewastakentohospitalwithoutdelay.Laterthatday,tohergreatrelief,LisalearnedthatMariewasoutofdangerthankstothetimelyrescue.Lisa'squickactionnotonlysavedalifebutalsostartedafriendship.SincethatAugustday,LisaandMariehavedevelopedaveryspecialbond.Theytreateachotherasafamilymember.MariealwaysasksLisainforacupofteawheneversheseesherpassingbyandLisaneverfailstobringMariethingssheneeds.“She'sgivenmeasecondlifeandI’vegotadaughtertolove,”saysMarie.ForLi