五种简单句课件高三英语一轮复习

FiveTypesofSimpleSentences

简单句的五种类型分类说明例句简单句由一个主语或并列主语和一个谓语或并列谓语构成的句子。即一套主谓关系。1.TomandIfoundherthere.2.Weallbreathe,eatandwork.并列句由并列连词（and,so,but,or等）把两个或两个以上的简单句连在一起而构成的句子。1.Helikeseggs,buthedoesn’tlikechickens.2.Workhardoryouwillfallbehind.复合句由一个主句和一个或一个以上的从句构成的句子1.Ibelieveyouareright.2.Ifyoustudyharder,youwillpasstheexam.句子分类FiveTypesofSimpleSentences:1.主语+不及物动词2.主语+及物动词+宾语3.主语+系动词+表语4.主语+动词+间接宾语+直接宾语5.主语+动词+宾语+宾补S+VS+V+OS+V+PS+V+IO+DOS+V+O+C简单句的五种基本结构：1.Thesunrises.2.Idon’tlikebasketball.3.Dannyistired.4.Heshowsmeabook.5.Ifoundtheoldmaningoodhealth主语+不及物动词主语+及物动词+宾语主语+系动词+表语主语+动词+间接宾语+直接宾语主语+动词+宾语+宾补________________________________________________________________________________基本句型一Ｓ+Ｖ（主＋谓）1.Time2.Thesun3.Theman4.Everybodyflies.rises.cooked.laughed．此句型中动词是不及物动词,能表达完整意思，没有直接宾语。例如：Thewaterisboiling.Theyhavebeenwaitingthereforhours.Theflagsarewavinginthewind.giveup,insiston,feellike,lookforwardto,stickto,beusedto,bebusyin,等e.g.HewillkeeptryingoutnewideassohecanhelpfarmersaroundChina.Nomatterwhatdifficultiesyoumeet,donotgiveupyourdream.有些不及物动词加上介词构成动词短语可带宾语：

基本句型二Ｓ+Ｖ+Ｏ（主＋谓＋宾）ＳＶ（及物动词）Ｏ(宾语)1.Who

2.She3.I4.I5.Iknowslaughatwantdon’tknowenjoytheanswer?her.tohaveacupoftea.whattodo.livinghere.此句型中的谓语动词是及物动词，必须跟一个宾语，才能使意思完整，而宾语成分的多样化使这一结构异常复杂。例如：1.Hehasasister.2.Theywantedtohavearest.3.Shecarriedoutherplan.

4.HelikeswatchingTV.

常见的后跟动词不定式做宾语动词有：agree,choose,decide,expect,fail,hope,wish,manage,offer,plan,refuse,want等e.g.Hemanaged

toescapefromthefire.常见的只能接动名词作宾语的动词有：admit，allow，avoid，consider，delay，deny，dislike，enjoy，escape,fancy,finish,imagine,include,keep,mention,mind,miss,practise,risk,stop,suggest等。e.g.Youshouldavoidmentioninghisdivorce.常见的后面皆可以接动名词，也可以接不定式做宾语的动词：attempt，begin,continue,fear,forget,hate,help,intend,learn,like,love,need,prefer,regret,remember,start,stop,try,want.等StoptalkingStoptotalkIcan’thelplaughingIcan’thelptocleantheofficeRegrettellingRegrettotellForgetpostingtheletterForgettoposttheletterRemembersendingherane-mailRemembertosendherane-mail有些动词后接动名词与不定式，意思会有所不同。

基本句型三Ｓ+Ｖ+IO+Ｏ（主＋谓＋间宾＋直宾）ＳＶ（及物）ｏ（多指人）Ｏ（多指物）1.I2.Heshowedboughthimmemypictures.abeautifulskirt.此句型中的谓语动词必须有两个宾语才能表达完整的意思。这两个宾语一个是动作的直接承受者（多指物），另一个是动作的间接宾语（多指人）。若要先说出直接宾语，后说间接宾语，则要借助与介词to或for。Heboughtmeabeautifulskirt.Heboughtabeautifulskirtforme.例如：1.Shebroughtmeashirt.2.MymotherPasshimthedictionary.3.Ilendhimmybicycle.4.Hermotherboughtheraskirt.

用to侧重指动作的方向，表示朝着，向着，对着某人。用for

侧重指动作的受益者，表示为了某人，替某人。常跟双宾语的动词有：（需借助to的）bring,give,lend,hand,offer,pass,pay,promise,return,send,show,teach,tell,write,ask等（需借助for的）buy,call,cook,choose,draw,find,get,make,order,sing等。Attention

基本句型四Ｓ+Ｖ+Ｏ+Ｃ（主＋谓＋宾＋宾补）ＳＶ（及物）Ｏ（宾语）Ｃ（宾补）1.We2.They3.We4.Ikeepcallaskedsaw

thetablesupperhimthem

clean.dinner.tocomebacksoon.gettingonthebus.

此句型中谓语动词除了跟一个宾语外，还需跟一个补充成分来补足宾语，才能使意思完整。例如:1.WecallhimXiaoLiu.2.Thenewsmademehappy.3.Hekeepshishandbehindhisback.4.Thestorymadeuslaugh.5.Heheardsomebodyopeningthedoor.e.g.Hewantmetobecareful.Heaskedmetomarryhim.常见的用不定式做宾语补足语的动词有：动词+宾语+不定式（todo）want,ask,wish,allow,forbid,encourage,force,invite,order,persuade,tell,advise等。e.g.Isawhimdance./Hewasseentodance.使役动词跟不定式做宾语补足语是省略不定式符号“to”，被动情况下不省。使役动词：make/have/let(不省to)感官类；feel/hear/see/notice/watch/observe其他：keep/leave/get(带to)Thebossmadethemworkthewholenight.基本句型五Ｓ+Ｖ+Ｐ（主＋系＋表）

1.He2.Thedinner3.Theweather

issmellsbecametallandstrong.good.warmer.系动词主要是指be动词的各种变化形式，也包括那些有时起系动词作用的实义动词。此句型中谓语动词都不能表达一个完整的意思，必须加上一个表明主语身份或状态的表语构成复合谓语，才能表达完整的意思。系动词有三类：1.表示维持类的：be,keep,stay,remain,continue,stand2.表感官类的：look,see,watch,hear,sound,smell,taste,feel,seem,appear.3.表变化类的：become,get,go,run,grow,turn,fall,come,例如：1.Heisagoodstudent.2.Sheisintheclassroom.3.Itisgettingwarmerandwarmer.4.Thetreesturngreen.更正下列句子的错误Exercises:1.Hecametheroom.2.Themusicsounds.3.Ihaveseen.4.Hegaveapenme.5.Thebossmadetheboytoworkhard.6.Myfatherboughtabooktome.1.Hecameintotheroom.2.Themusicsoundswonderful.3.Ihaveseenthefilm.4.Hegaveapentome.5.Thebossmadetheboyworkhard.6.Myfatherboughtabookforme.After-class

ExerciseMysisterisanurse.Theyaredrinking.Theyaredrinkingtea.Theoldmanwalksinthepark.Shepassedhimthesalt.Wekeepthetableclean._______S

_V______P____S___________V____S__________V__O__________S____V___S_____V___IO______DO__S____V_______O____C判断下面的句子是哪种句型7.Theyworkhard.8.Theflowerisdead.9.Plantsneedwater.10.Hegivesmesomeseeds.11.Weshouldkeeptheplantsintheshade.12.Manyanimalsliveintrees.____S____V________S__V____P_____S____V____O___S____V___IO_________DO___S__________V________O__________C____________S___VThespringiscoming.Inspring,theweatherbecomeswarmer.Ihavefinishedmyhomework.Showmeyourbooks.Keepthemwarmatnight.S+VS+V+PS+V+OS+V+IO+DOS+V+O+CTheyworkhard.Theflowerisdead.Plantsneedwater.YoursisterdancesbeautifullyTheyprovedthattheearthwasround.Thisfoodlooksinviting.Doingthatwouldbeplayingwithfire.S+VS+V+PS+V+O主谓主谓宾主系表主谓宾Theykepttheirmarriageasecret.Heplayeddead.Shewasnicknamed“LittleRabbit”.Showmewhatyoubought.Sheneverdoubtedthatshewasright.Goodfoodkeepsyouhealthy.主谓双宾主谓主谓宾主谓双宾主谓宾主谓宾宾补Hegivesmesomeseeds.Weshouldkeeptheplantsintheshade.Manyanimalsliveintrees.S+V+IO+DOS+V+O+CS+VThepalaceswerelargeandbeautiful.Horse-riding,hammerthrowandshootingaresomeofthe