清单02单元语法梳理归纳-2024-2025学年高二英语上学期期中考点大串讲（上教版2020选择性必修一）

20242025学年高二上期中考点大串讲（上教版2020）专题02单元语法总结归纳上教版选择性必修一Unit1Feelinggood【单元语法】过去完成时1．意义和构成：过去完成时表示过去某一时刻或某一动作之前已完成的动作或状态(亦可以说是“过去的过去”)。过去完成时由“had＋过去分词”构成。HehadalreadybeentoNewYorkearlierintheweek.本周早些时候他去过纽约。Janehadjustleftwhenyourang.你打时简刚走。Thecountryhadnotyetrecoveredfromtheeffectsofthewar.这个国家尚未从战争的影响下复原。2．过去完成时的用法(1)表示较早的过去表示较早的过去，即某一时刻之前已完成的动作或状态。Afterwehadlanded，theplanewassearchedthoroughly.我们降落后，飞机被彻底搜查了一遍。Whensheheardthatherfatherhaddiedintheaccident，sheburstoutcrying.当她听说她父亲在这次事故中丧生时便大哭起来。(2)用于间接引语过去完成时的作用有时完全相当于现在完成时的过去形式，在间接引语中多有这种情况。Helensaid(that)shehadmovedtoanotherflat.海伦说她已搬到另一套公寓去了。(3)用于宾语从句过去完成时表示一个过去的动作先于另一个过去动作的用法，多见于宾语从句。一般说来，主句中用了know(知道)，realize(意识到)，think(认为)，suppose(猜想)，guess(推测)，find(找到)，discover(发现)，decide(决定)，remember(想起)，forget(忘记)等动词的一般过去时，如果宾语从句中的动作先于主句的动作，通常用过去完成时。Werealizedwehadlostourway.我们意识到我们迷路了。Ididn’tthinktoaskherifshehadpassedherexamination.我没有想问她是否考试及格了。(4)强调过去动作的完成IbegancollectingstampsinFebruaryandbyNovemberIhadcollectedmorethan2,000.我从2月份开始集邮，到11月已收集到2000多枚。Bysixo’clocktheyhadworkedfor8hours.到6点钟他们已经工作了8小时了。(可能还没结束)(5)用于虚拟语气过去完成时的这一用法，常见于虚拟语气句中。Ifonlywehadlistenedtotheiradvice!我们要是听了他们的建议就好了！I’dratheryouhadn’tbeenpresent.我宁愿你当时不在场。IfIhadaskedfordirections，Iwouldn’thavegottenlost.如果我问一下路，就不会迷失方向了。(6)表示过去未曾实现的希望、打算和意图过去完成时表示过去未曾实现的希望、打算或意图，只适用于下列动词：expect(期待)，hope(希望)，intend(打算)，mean(打算)，suppose(料想)，think(认为)，want(想要)等。Wehadhopedthatyouwouldbeabletovisitus.我们原本希望你会来拜访我们。Ihadmeanttotakeagoodholidaythisyear，butIwasnotabletoleave.我本打算今年好好去度假，只是脱不开身。(7)过去完成时还可用于某些固定句型中：hardly...when...，nosooner...than...，Itwasthefirsttimethat...等。Itwasthefirsttimethatthegirlhadtalkedtoafamousastronaut.这是女孩第一次和一位著名宇航员进行交谈。Hardlyhadhegothomewhenhebegantogooverhislessons.他一回到家就开始复习功课。Nosoonerhadtheyarrivedthantheywereaskedtoaparty.他们刚一到达就被叫到了一个派对上。3．过去完成时和一般过去时的区别：(1)过去完成时和一般过去时用于同一个句子中表示过去事件发生的顺序。WhenIarrived，sheleft.(Iarrivedandthensheleft.)我到达时她离开了。WhenIarrived，shehadleft.(SheleftbeforeIarrived.)我到达之前她离开了。(2)过去完成时表示以过去某时间为起点以前所发生的动作或存在的状态，即：过去完成时强调“过去的过去”；而一般过去时只表示以现在时间为起点以前所发生的事情或存在的状态。Hestudiedtheretwoyearsago.两年前他在那儿学习。(离现在两年)Hesaidhehadstudiedtheretwoyearsago.他说他在那儿学习了两年。(离他说话时两年)(3)表示过去某个时间以前所连续发生的两个或两个以上的动作时，一般用and，then，but按照动作的先后顺序连接，此时通常用一般过去时而不用过去完成时。Hesaidhewenttheshopandboughtsomefood.他说他去商店买了一些食品。【课堂练习】Ⅰ.选词填空1．Whenwearrived，thoseexperts____(haveleft/hadleft)thevillage.2．He_____(hadworked/worked)therefortwoyears.NowheisinChina.3．Thegirl_____(hadvisited/willvisit)herteacherwhenshegetsthere.4．Hetoldusthathe______(hadplanted/planted)morethan200treesalready.5．Itwasthesecondtimethathe______(hastalked/hadtalked)toaforeigner.【答案】1.hadleft2.worked3.willvisit4.hadplanted5.hadtalkedⅡ.完成句子1.到上学期期末为止，我已经学了2000个英语单词。________________________________________________________________________2.当老师走进教室时，刘红已经回家了。________________________________________________________________________3.当妈妈到家时，我已经做了十道数学题。________________________________________________________________________4.老师问我们是否做完了作业。________________________________________________________________________5.他说这个地方他已经参观过两次了。________________________________________________________________________【答案】1．Ihadlearned2,000Englishwordsbytheendoflastterm.2．Whentheteachercameintotheclassroom，LiuHonghadgonehome.3．Whenmymothergothome，Ihadalreadydone10mathsproblems.4．Theteacheraskedifwehadfinisheddoingourhomework.5．Hesaidthathehadvisitedtheplacetwicealready.Ⅲ.单句语法填空1．HowmanyEnglishnovels____you_____(read)sofar?2．Whenwegottothestation，thetrain_____(leave)already.3．He______(learn)3,000wordsbeforehewenttoEngland.4．Theoldmantoldusthathe_____(travel)tomanyplaces.5．Itwasthethirdtimethathe______(see)suchalargeanimal.6．He______(plan)tohelphisfriend，buthewastoobusythen.7．Hardly___he____(begin)hisspeechwhentheaudienceinterruptedhim.8．Ididn’tknowathingaboutverbs，forI______(not，study)mylessons.9．Edison_____(build)achemistrylabbythetimehewasten.10．ImetWangHuainthestreetyesterday.We_____(not，see)eachotherforalongtime.【答案】1.have;read2.hadleft3.hadlearned4.hadtravelled5.hadseen6.hadplanned7.had;begun8.hadn’tstudied9.hadbuilt10.hadn’tseenⅣ.单句写作11．那是他第一次来到一个这么大的城市。(e)________________________________________________________________________12．那天他告诉我们，他已经决定放弃那个计划了。(tell)________________________________________________________________________13．近几年这个村里发生了很大变化。(takeplace)________________________________________________________________________14．现在他在北京居住。他在美国待过两年。(live)________________________________________________________________________15．她刚刚做完作业，妈妈就让她弹钢琴。(finish)________________________________________________________________________【答案】11.Itwasthefirsttimethathehadetosuchabigcity.12.Hetoldusthathehaddecidedtogiveupthatplanthatday.13.Greatchangeshavetakenplaceinthisvillageinrecentyears.14.Nowhe’slivinginBeijing.HestayedintheAmericafortwoyears.15.Shehadjustfinishedherhomeworkwhenhermotheraskedhertoplaythepiano.上教版选择性必修一Unit2Makingadifference【单元语法】将来进行时一、将来进行时概念：主要表示将来某一时间正在进行的动作，或表示要在将来某一时间开始，并继续下去的动作。二、将来进行时构成：将来进行时是由“shall/will+be+现在分词”构成的。

例如：Don'tphonemebetween8:00and10:00.We'llbehavingclassesthen.（8点到10点之间不要给我打，我们那时正在上课。）三、基本用法：表示在将来某一时间正在进行的动作。

例如：Theministerwillbegivingaspeechoninternationalaffairs.（部长将就国际事务发表演讲。）四、特殊用法：1.将来进行时表事情的发展：

例如：I'llbeseeingMr.Smithtomorrow.（我明天将见到史密斯先生。）注意：有时这种时态含有一种附带的意思，语气较为委婉。例如：I'llbefinishingit.（我一会儿就完了。）附带的含义可能是“过一会儿你就会拿到它了。”2.将来进行时表原因、结果、可能：

表原因——Pleaseetomorrowafternoon.TomorrowmorningI'llbehavingmeeting.（请你明天下午来吧。明天上午我有一个会。）

表结果——IfIfailtoappearby7o'clock,Iwillnotbeingatall.（如果我七点钟不到，我就不会来了。）

表可能——Hewillbetellingyouaboutittonight.（他今晚会告诉你这件事。）3.将来进行时表委婉：

例如：Willyoubeneedinganythingelse?（你还需要什么吗？）4.将来进行时与将来一般时连用：将来进行时常可置于将来一般时之后表稍靠后的安排。

例如：MydutieswillendinJulyandIwillbereturningtoArizonaintheUS.（我的工作七月结束，之后我将回到美国亚利桑那州。）五、注意点：1）这种将来进行时也可和其他表将来的时态连用。

例如：I'mgoingtodomyhomeworkfirst,andthenI'llbewatchingTV.（我将先做作业，然后再看电视。）2）在下面的句子中，will是情态动词，意谓“大概”或“一定”，不表将要而表现在，常与now连用。

例如：They’llbewatchingtelevisionnow.（他们现在大概在看电视呢。）六、将来进行时和一般将来时的区别1.一般将来时泛指未来发生的动作。一般将来进行时指未来某个时间正在发生的动作。Iwillplaybasketballtomorrow.我明天要去打篮球。Iwillbeplayingbasketballthistimetomorrow.明天这个时间我正在打篮球。2.谈论同一件事情时，一般将来进行时的语气更加委婉、礼貌。例如boss问本喵周六加班吗，可以说：WillyouworkthisSaturday？而本喵抱着你不来我就偷懒的心情问boss周六来不来，这样说比较礼貌：WillyoubeworkingthisSaturday?3.Will可以表示主观的意愿，而willbedoing则仅表示客观行为。例如：Hewon’tborrowmesomecash.他不会愿意借钱给我。Hewon’tbeborrowingmesomecash.他不会借钱给我【课堂练习】一、单项选择：1．ThistimenextyearI_____________onabeach.A．islying B．havelied C．willlie D．willbelying2．—Hi,Colin.Whydoyoulooksoexcited?—Well,mybrotherTobytogetherwithme________toMoroccoat4:00tomorrowafternoon.A．willfly B．willbeflying C．isflying D．hasbeenflying3．Mybrotherwillhavetotakecareofyou.I'llcallhimtodayandhe______you.A．hasexpected B．willhaveexpectedC．expects D．willbeexpecting4．IfyouseeSally，canyouaskhertophoneme？一Sure．I___herthisevening，soI'lltellherthen．A．willbeseeing B．willhaveseenC．wouldsee D．haveseen5．They______withusforthetimebeing.A．wouldstay B．stayC．havebeenstaying D．willbestaying6．TomhasbeendreamingofbeingabankerandIbelievehefinanceinuniversityattheageof20.A．willbestudying B．hadstudiedC．hasstudied D．wouldstudy7．CanIpayavisittoyouthisFridayafternoonmanager？Sorry,IsomeAmericanbusinesspartnersthewholeafternoon.A．havemet B．havebeenmeeting C．willbemeeting D．willhavemet8．﹣Thepresidentwilletoattendyourlectureat10：00tomorrow．﹣﹣I'msorry，bythenmylecturewillhavejustendedandI_________myfansinmyoffice．A．havemet B．willhavemetC．willmeet D．willbemeeting9．Inlessthantwomonths,theworld________theUAEAsianCup.A．waswatching B．watchedC．willbewatching D．hasbeenwatching10．Mom,isDadingtopickusup?Yes,Iamsurehe_________ontheplatformwhenwepullintothestation.A．stands B．stoodC．hasstood D．willbestanding11．—Don’tmakeaspecialjourneytopickupthelaundryforme.—It’sOK.I________totheshopanyway.A．wasgoing B．willhavegoneC．havegone D．willbegoing12．—Ifeelscared,sir.—Don’tworry.Ioutsideyourhousetonightanyemergency.A．willbestaying;incontrolof B．amabouttostay;incaseofC．amabouttostay;incontrolof D．willbestaying;incaseof13．—Couldyoumeetmeattheairportatnineo’clock?—I’dliketo,butI’mafraidI________averyimportantlecturethen.A．amattending B．wasattendingC．willbeattending D．willhaveattended14．—CouldIborrowyourcartopickupafriendfromtheairportthisafternoonasmineisbroken?—Sorry,butI________amycaratthatmoment.A．amsuing B．havebeenusingC．willuse D．willbeusing15．Dearfriend,I______onatraintoFudanUniversitywhenyoureadthisletter.A．willsit B．sit C．willbesitting D．havesat16．Weallknowthatgoodresults________foryouwhenyoustartdoingthingsyoulove.A．arewaiting B．havewaitedC．havebeenwaiting D．willbewaiting17．—Isitconvenientforyoutogoshoppingwithmeateighttomorrowmorning?—I’mafraidnot.I______then.A．willhavingameeting B．amabouttohaveameetingC．amhavingameeting D．willbehavingameeting18．I’lletoseeyourperformanceat9:00tomorrowevening.I’msorry,butbythenmyperformance____andI____reportersinthemeetingroom.A．willhaveended;willbemeeting B．willend;willmeetC．willbeended;amgoingtomeet D．istoend;willmeet19．—There’llbebillionsofpeopletowatchtheSpringFestivalgalaonTVtonight.—Iknow.Thewholeworld________.It’sareallywonderfulevent.A．watches B．iswatchingC．haswatched D．willbewatching20．Isn’titlovelytothinkthatI________myselfonthesunnybeachtomorrowatthistime.A．willenjoy B．willbeenjoying C．amenjoying D．shallenjoy21．CanIcallyoubackattwoo'clockthisafternoon?I'msorry,butbythenI____toBeijing.Howaboutfive?A．fly B．willflyC．willbeflying D．amflying22．—The“No.1Document”isdesignedtohelptheruralpopulationincreasetheirines.—Ibelievethatpeasants’life______betterandbetter.A．willhavegot B．hasgot C．gets D．willbegetting23．—Ididn'tseeJackatthemeetingyesterday.—He_______someforeignguestsaroundourschoolatthattime.A．isshowing B．showed C．hadshown D．wasshowing24．—CanIcallyoubackattwoo'clockthisafternoon?—I'msorry,butatthattimeI_____animportantmeeting.Howaboutfive?A．amhaving B．havehad C．willbehaving D．havebeenhaving25．Don’tworry!Youwon’tmissherattheairport.She____aredTshirtandawhiteskirtatthattime.A．hasworn B．willbewearing C．waswearing D．wore26．What_____you_____at6o’clocktomorrowevening?A．will;bedoing B．are;doing C．will;havedone D．are;done27．–ShallIcallyouatthistimetomorrowafternoon?–Sorry,I______anexamonDingTalk.A．willbetaking B．willtake C．willhavetaken D．amtaking28．I’msorrybutIwillbeoccupiedthisafternoon.Atthreeo’clockI_________someguestsfromAfrica.A．willbereceiving B．amreceivingC．receive D．amtoreceive29．—I'llattendyourlectureafterIfinishmyclasstomorrow.—I'mafraidbythenIwillhaveconcludedmylectureand_____myguestsinmyoffice.A．meet B．havemet C．willbemeeting D．ammeeting30．—Hopefully,China’seconomicpowerislikelytoincreaseintheyearstoe.—Well,trustme,moreandmoreforeigners________employmenthere.A．seek B．areseeking C．willhavesought D．willbeseeking答案1．D2．B3．D4．A5．D6．A7．C8．D9．C10．D11．D12．D13．C14．D15．C16．D17．D18．A19．D20．B21．C22．D23．D24．C25．B26．A27．A28．A29．C30．D二、用单词的适当形式完成句子1.Thistimelastyear,thebridge_________(build).2.Tooursurprise,thiskindofshoes_________(sell)well.3.It_________(rain)foraweek;whenwillitstop?4.Greatchanges_________(takeplace)inmyhometowninthepastfewyears.5.BythetimeJuangetshome,hisfather_________(leave)forLondon.6.Thisisthesecondtimeyou_________(ask)togivealecture.7.WhenLiMinghurriedhome,hefoundthathismother_________(notsend)tohospitalyet.8.Don’tdelay!Tack_________(wait)foryouanxiouslyatthemoment.9.Atthistimetomorrowthedoctor_________(operate)onapatient.10.Iamnotusedto_________(treat)likethis.11.Iwon'tbeabletowatchtheprogrambecauseI________（do）myhomework.12.It'snousetryingtoseehimatsixthiseveningbecausehe_______（work）intheclinicthen.13.Whenheestomyhousetomorrow,I________（write）thereport.14.He__________（plain）theninthesupermarket.15.Ithinkthatthedoctor_________（work）onthesurgeryuntiltomorrowmorning.16.We_________（cycle）toworkthistimenextweek.17.Thistimetomorrowthey_______（play）bowlingorsoftball.18.Ithinkthatshe______________(work)onthisexperimentuntilnextmorning.19.Bythistimetomorrow,I_______(lie)onthebeach.20.I’msorry,bythenmylecturewillhaveendedandI_______(meet)myguests.21.Wewon'tbeavailableat2o'clocktomorrowafternoon,becausewe_____________________(attend)anartworkshopatthattime.22.I'msorrythatIcan'tansweryourphonecallat3:00thisafternoonbecauseI________(teach)aclassatthattime.23.Youcan’tmisshim.He____________(wear)adarkgreensuitandayellowtiewaitingforyou.24.I________________(attend)animportantmeetingthistimetomorrow,soIcan'tattendthetalkshow.25.Hopefullyyou_______(do)yourpartbyreadingPsyBloginacapandgown.26.Inthefuture,we_________(use)advancedtechnologyeverydayforautomaticcontrolofjustabouteverythinginourhome.27.Ifyouworkoutinthemornings,thenyou_________(get)thecalorieburningbenefitsforthewholeday,notinyoursleep.28.Janecan'tattendthemeetingat3o'clockthisafternoonbecauseshe_______(teach)aclassatthattime.29.He__________(lie)ononeofthesunnybeachesinHawaiialldaywhenhespendshisholidaythere.30.Don’tcallmebetween2:00and4:00thisafternoon.I_________(have)antestthen.答案：1.wasbeingbuilt2.sells3.hasbeenraining4.havetakenplace5.willhaveleft6.havebeenasked7.hadn’tbeensent8.iswaiting9.willbeoperating10.beingtreated11.willbedoing12.willbeworking13.willbewriting14.willbeplaining15.willbeworking16.shall/willbecycling17.willbeplaying18.willbeworking19.willbelying20.willbemeeting21.willbeattending/willattend22.willbeteaching23.willbewearing24.willbeattending25.willbedoing26.willbeusing27.willbegetting28.willbeteaching29.willbelying30.willbehaving上教版选择性必修一Unit3Payingtheprice【单元语法】过去进行时及过去完成时的被动语态一、语态的概念英语中动词有主动语态(ActiveVoice)和被动语态(PassiveVoice)之分。如果主语是动作或状态的发出者，动词就用主动语态；如果主语是动作或状态的承受者，动词就用被动语态。被动语态的基本结构是：“助动词be/get＋及物动词的过去分词”。二、过去完成时的被动语态的概念过去完成时的被动语态是过去完成时态和被动语态的叠合。表示过去某一时间以前已经完成的动作，常与by，before等引导的时间状语连用，其构成形式为“had＋been＋过去分词”。三、过去完成时的被动语态有以下三种形式1．过去完成时的被动语态的肯定式为：主语＋hadbeendone＋其他成分。如：Thetaskhadbeenfinishedbefore12：00yesterday.2．过去完成时的被动语态的否定式为：主语＋hadnotbeendone＋其他成分。如：Thetaskhadn’tbeenfinishedbefore12：00yesterday.3．过去完成时的被动语态的疑问句式(1)过去完成时的被动语态的一般疑问句需将had提到主语的前面，即had＋主语＋beendone＋其他成分。如：Hadthetaskbeenfinishedbefore12：00yesterday?(2)过去完成时的被动语态的特殊疑问句为：疑问词＋had＋主语＋beendone＋其他成分。如：Whattimehadthetaskbeenfinishedyesterday?四、过去完成时的被动语态常用于以下情况1．表示过去某一时间以前已经完成的动作，常与by，before等引导的时间状语连用。(1)Bythetimehegottotheschool，thefirstperiodhadbeenfinished.当他到达学校时，第一节课已经结束了。(2)Theclassroomhadn’tbeencleanedbeforetheteachercame.老师来之前，教室还没有打扫过。(3)Howmanybuildingshadbeendestroyedwhenthehurricaneended?飓风结束时摧毁了多少建筑物？(4)Hadthenewplanbeendiscussedbeforethemeeting?这个新计划在开会前讨论过吗？2．在told，said，knew，heard，thought等动词之后的宾语从句中，若表示过去某一被动动作时，用过去完成时。(1)Theysaidtheproductioncostsoftheirpanyhadbeenreduced.他们说公司的生产成本已经降低了。(2)Theboywasremindedthathishomeworkhadnotbeenhandedin.这个男孩被提醒还没有交家庭作业。(3)Themediareportedmorethan1,000peoplehadbeenkilledintheearthquake.媒体报道有1000多人在地震中丧生。3．根据语意可以判断出两个过去的动作发生先后的被动语态，用过去完成时。(1)Astheassignmenthadbeendone，hewentontosearchtheInternet.因为任务已经完成了，他继续上网。(2)Hedidwhathehadbeentoldto.他是按要求做的。五、过去完成时与现在完成时的被动语态的用法区别现在完成时的被动语态表示相对于现在来说已被完成的动作，过去完成时的被动语态表示相对于过去某一时刻来说已被完成的动作。如：Thispollutedriverhasbeencleaned.这条被污染了的河流已被净化。析：该句表示到现在为止这条河流已被净化。如：HesaidthisbookhadbeentranslatedintoJapanese.他说这本书已被译成日语。析：该句表示到他说话时所体现的时间为止这本书已被译成日语。【课堂练习】1．Everything__________(get)readybythetimetheyarrived.2．Ifoundthelecturehardtofollowbecauseit______(start)whenIarrived.3．Whenyougetthepaperback，payspecialattentiontowhat_________(mark)．4．Hewasunhappywhenhesoldhisguitar.Afterall，he_____(have)itforaverylongtime.5．Theboy_______(notice)stealingabikebythepolice，sohewastakentothepolicestation.1.hadbeengotten2.hadstarted3.hasbeenmarked4.hadhad5.hadbeennoticedⅡ.完成句子6.当我到电影院时，电影票已经卖完了。7.校长说教学楼五月份前就已经完工了。8.钱包是用报纸包着的，里面有一半他丢的钱。9.但令我们吃惊的是，第二天早上，我们被告知那些钱被偷了。10.他在来这儿之前已经事先了解了当地的风俗和人们的生活习惯。6．AllthefilmticketshadbeensoldoutwhenIgottothecinema.7．TheheadmastersaidthattheteachingbuildinghadbeenpletedbeforeMay.8．Thewallethadbeenwrappedupinnewspaperanditcontainedhalfthemoneyhehadlost.9．Buttooursurprise，thenextmorning，weweretoldthatthemoneyhadbeenstolen.10．Hehadknownthecustomsandlivinghabitsofthelocalpeopleinadvancebeforehecamehere.Ⅲ.句型转换1．Somebodyhadbrokenintotheroombeforewecame..→Theroomhadbeenbrokenintobeforewecame.2．Shehadgivenuscleardirectionsandwewereabletofinditeasily.→Wehadbeengivencleardirectionsbyherandwewereabletofinditeasily.3．Thereportswentmissingin2017andtheyhavenotbeenseenbyanybodysince.→Thereportswentmissingin2017andnobodyhasseenthemsince.4．Inthelastfewyears，Chinahasmadegreatachievementsinenvironmentalprotection.→GreatachievementsinenvironmentalprotectionhavebeenmadebyChinainthelastfewyears.5．Bobcalledtotellhismotherthathecouldn’tenterthehouse，forhiskeyhadbeenleftatschool.→Bobcalledtotellhismotherthathecouldn’tenterthehouse，forhehadlefthiskeyatschool.三、过去进行时的被动语态1．概念过去进行时的被动语态表示过去某个时刻正在进行或者发生的被动性动作，就是指被动状态下的过去正在进行、发生的事情。2．构成①肯定句：主语＋be(was/were)＋beingdone＋其他。②否定句：主语＋be(was/were)＋not＋beingdone＋其他。③一般疑问句：Be(was/were)＋主语＋beingdone＋其他？④特殊疑问句：Wh­＋be(was/were)＋主语＋beingdone＋其他？主动句：TheteacherwastellingSnowWhite[whenIgotthere]．主语谓语宾语状语当我到那里时，老师正在讲《白雪公主》。被动句：(肯定句)SnowWhitewasbeingtold(bytheteacher)[whenIgotthere]．主语谓语by＋执行者状语当我到那里时，《白雪公主》正在被(老师)讲。(否定句)SnowWhitewasn’tbeingtoldwhenIgotthere.(疑问句)A：WasSnowWhitebeingtoldwhenIgotthere?B：Yes，itwas./No，itwasn’t.(特殊疑问句)WhywasSnowWhitebeingtold(bytheteacher)疑问词主语谓语by＋执行者[whenIgotthere]?状语当我到那里时，为什么《白雪公主》正在被(老师)讲？3．用法(1)表示过去进行的被动动作，经常和时间副词then，atthistimelastweek，atthismomentyesterday等连用。Thisissuewasbeingdiscussedatthismomentyesterdaybythepany’smanagers.这个议题昨天的这个时候正在被公司的经理们讨论。(2)表示过去某个阶段正在进行的被动动作(说话时动作不一定正在进行)。ItissaidthathiscarwasbeingrepairedlastFridayinthegarage.据说他的车上个周五正在修理厂被修。(3)进行时的被动语态可以由“was/were＋under/on等介词＋名词”结构代替。Manynewinventionswereonexhibitioninthemuseumatthistimelastyear.＝Manynewinventionswerebeingexhibitedinthemuseumatthistimelastyear.许多新发明去年的这个时候正在博物馆被展出。Hedidn’tstayinmyroomlastnightbecauseitwasunderrepair.＝Hedidn’tstayinmyroomlastnightbecauseitwasbeingrepaired.昨天晚上他没有住在我房间里，我的房间正在修缮。【课堂练习】Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．—Whydidn’tyoubringyourputerhereyesterday?—Oh，it__________(check)bymyneighborthen.2．Thetiger_______(feed)somenicemeatatthattimeyesterday.3．Nowwecancrossthebridgewhich_______(build)thistimelastmonth.4．He______(play)thephoneallthewayandwasalmostknockeddownbyacar.5．Youaren’tworriedabouttheserarebirds，forsomething_______(do)toprotectthematpresent.1.wasbeingchecked2.wasbeingfed3.wasbeingbuilt4.wasplaying5.isbeingdoneⅡ.完成句子6.我经过教堂时，里面有很大的声响。7.我第一次遇到Mary是在三年前。她那时在一个收音机商店上班。8.他匆忙赶回家，从未回头看是否正被跟踪。9.昨天早上他们一直在讨论这些问题。10.昨天下午3点他正在操场与他的朋友们一起打篮球。6．WhenIpassedthechurch，somenoisewasbeingmadeinside.7．IfirstmetMarythreeyearsago.Shewasworkingataradioshopatthetime.8．Hehurriedhome，neveroncelookingbacktoseeifhewasbeingfollowed.9．Theseproblemswerebeingdiscussedbythemthewholemorningyesterday.10．Hewasplayingbasketballwithhisfriendsontheplaygroundat3：00p．m.yesterday.Ⅲ.句型转换1．IwaspracticingmyoralEnglishat8：00yesterdayevening.→MyoralEnglishwasbeingpracticedat8：00yesterdayevening.2．Thedogbitheronthelegwhenshewascatchingitontheroad.→Shewasbittenbythedogonthelegwhenshewascatchingitontheroad.3．Aletterwasbeingwrittenlastnight.ButIdon’tknowwhethershehasfinisheditornot.→Idon’tknowwhethershehasfinishedtheletterbeingwrittenlastnightornot.4．Hewasridingbesidethebusandwavinghisarms.Heheardapassengercryingforhelp.→Heheardapassengercryingforhelpwhileridingbesidethebusandwavinghisarms.5．IrememberedthecarkeyswereputonthechairbecausethephonerangasIwasingin.→IrememberedIputthecarkeysonthechairbecausethephonerangasIwasingin.上教版选择性必修一Unit4Thesenses【单元语法】表语从句1、概述用作表语的从句叫作表语从句，它位于主句中的连系动词之后。引导表语从句的词有从属连词that、whether、asthough(if)；连系代词who,what,which,whom,whose,whatever,whoever,whomever,whichever等；连系副词when,where,why,how,however,whenever,wherever等。可以接表语从句的连系动词由be,look,remain,seem等。That引导表语从句时，在口语中，间或可以省略。Thetroubleisthatweareshortofmoney.困难是我们资金短缺。ThatiswhystonewallsareusedinsteadoffencesaroundNewEnglandfields.这就是为什么在新英格兰用石头墙而不用栅栏的原因。Atthattime,itseemedasifIcouldn'tthinkoftherightwordanyhow.当时,我似乎怎么也想不出一个恰当的字眼来。2、由连接词that，whether引导的表语从句。that在引导表语从句时无词义，而whether有词义，意为、“是否”。这时主句的主语常常是些抽象名词，如question(问题)，trouble(麻烦)，problem(问题)，result(结果)，chance(可能性)，suggestion(建议)，idea(想法)，reason(理由)等。表语从句对主句主语进行说明、解释，使主语的内容具体化。Thetroubleis(that)shehaslosthismoney.麻烦的事是他丢了钱。Thequestioniswhetherweneedmoreicecream.问题是我们是否还需要一些冰淇淋。Theproblemwasthatitwastoovaluableforeverydayuse.问题是它作为日常之用太贵重了。Whatshecouldn’tunderstandwasthatfewerandfewerstudentsshowedinterestinherlessons.我们不能理解越来越少的学生对他的课不感兴趣。3、由连接代词引导的表语从句。连接代词who,what,which,whom,whose,whatever,whoever,whomever,whichever等引导表语从句，在句中作主语、宾语、表语，代词不能省略。Thequestioniswhichofusshouldgo.问题是我们哪一个应该去。Theproblemwaswhocoulddothework.问题是谁能做这项工作。That'swhatheisworryingabout.那就是他在担心的事。That'swhatweshoulddo.那是我们应该做的。4、由连接副词引导的表语从句。Goandgetyourcoat.It'swhereyouleftit.去把雨衣拿来。就在你原来放的地方。Ihadneitheraraincoatnoranumbrella.That’swhyIgotwetthrough.我们既没伞也没雨衣，这是我们淋湿的原因。Thatishowmiceruinmanystoresofgraineveryyear.那就是老鼠是怎样每年损害大量粮食的。T