2024-2025学年高中英语版必修第一册北师版 Unit 2 单元专项提升

UNIT2Sportandfitness单元专项提升英语版必修第一册北师版单元语法归纳巧梳理·知识框图挖教材·语法示例用适当的关系代词完成下列教材中的句子并体会它们的语法特征1.When

we

weren't

playing

on

the

court___________was

next

to

our

building,

we

were

watching

a

game

on

TV.2.Paul's

favourite

player

was

Tyrone

Bogues,

a

guy_________played

for

the

Charlotte

Hornets,

although

we

actually

agree

that

they

are

both

champions.3.Everyone

knew

Paul

had

real

skills,

and

was

someone_____worked

really

hard

and

had

a

strong

desire

to

play

for

the

team.4.This

week,

The

Lions

were

playing

our

main

competitors,

The

Bears,

a

team

_______record

this

season

had

been

perfect.5.Paul

didn't

know

he'd

soon

get

the

chance___________he'd

been

waiting

for.6.And

clearly,

all

the

extra

hours_____he'd

spent

practising

alone

paid

off.which/thatwho/thatwhowhosewhich/thatthat细归纳

语法精讲限制性定语从句（Ⅰ）——关系代词知识点1

定语从句概述定义在复合句中用来限制、描绘或说明主句中某一名词、代词，整个主句或主句的一部分的从句叫定语从句，它所修饰的对象叫作先行词。定语从句分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句。注意：①限制性定语从句与先行词之间的关系非常密切，说明先行词的性质、身份、特征等状况，不能省略，否则句意就不完整。②引导定语从句的关系词包括关系代词和关系副词。关系词作用：①连接主句和从句；②指代先行词；③在从句中充当句子成分。分类：①关系代词：that,

which,

who,

whom,whose,as（本单元讲前五个的用法）；②关系副词：when，where，why等。续表知识点2

关系代词的基本用法

关系代词用于指代表示人或物的先行词，在定语从句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分。1.who指人，在定语从句中可以作主语或宾语，作宾语时可省略。Here

comes

the

girl

主语who

（在从句中作）wants

to

see

you.想见你的那个女孩过来了。He

is

the

man

（who（在从句中作宾语,可省略。））

I

saw

yesterday.他就是我昨天见到的那个人。2.whom指人，在定语从句中可作宾语、表语，可省略；（在口语中）whom作宾语时可用who代替。若whom前有介词，则不能用who代替，也不可省略。Rose

is

the

person

（whom/who）

you

should

look

after.罗丝是你应该照顾的人。When

I

have

trouble,

he

is

the

only

one

to

whom

I

can

go

for

help.

当我有困难时，他是我唯一可以求助的人。3.whose

指人或物，在定语从句中作定语。They

rushed

over

to

help

the

man

whose

（作定语，指人。）car

had

broken

down.那个人的车坏了，他们冲过去帮忙。Please

pass

me

the

book

whose（作定语，指物。）

cover

is

green.请递给我那本绿皮的书。4.which一般指物，在定语从句中作主语、宾语、表语等。作宾语时一般可省略。若which前有介词，则which不可省略。China

is

a

country

which（在从句中作主语）

has

a

long

history.中国是一个历史悠久的国家。The

package

（which（在从句中作宾语，可省略。））

you

are

carrying

is

about

to

fall.你拿的包快掉了。5.that

既可指人，也可指物，在定语从句中作主语、宾语或表语等，作宾语时一般可省略。指人时一般可用who替代，指物时一般可用which替代。The

number

of

people

that/who

（在从句中作主语）come

to

visit

this

city

each

year

reaches

one

million.每年来参观这座城市的人数达一百万。The

chair

（that/which（在从句中作宾语,可省略。））

you

broke

yesterday

is

now

being

repaired.你昨天弄坏的那把椅子现在正在修。

关系代词替代先行词在定语从句中充当主语、宾语、定语或表语，因此定语从句中不能再出现关系代词所替代的名词或代词。昨天你借我的那本书十分有趣。［误］The

book

（that/which）

you

lent

it

to

me

yesterday

is

very

interesting.［正］The

book

（that/which）

you

lent

to

me

yesterday

is

very

interesting.链高考

真题精练语法填空1.(2022·浙江1月)New

research

found

that

middle-aged

women

_________

were

physically

fit

could

be

nearly

90

percent

less

likely

to

develop

dementia（失智症）

in

later

life.who/that【解析】句意：新的研究发现，身体健康的中年女性在晚年患失智症的可能性小近90%。分析句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词women,且从句中缺少主语，所以用who/that。2.(全国Ⅲ卷)As

a

businesswoman,

I

care

deeply

about

my

customers.

But

like

anyone

for

_______

you

feel

affection,customers

can

also

drive

you

mad.whom【解析】分析句子结构可知，"for

___

you

feel

affection"为定语从句，修饰anyone（指人），且空处位于介词之后，故只能填whom。3.(2023·全国乙卷)The

color

she

chose

came

in

a

box

which

had

a

picture

of

a

woman

_______

hair

color

looked

just

perfect.whose【解析】分析句子结构可知,空处引导定语从句，该从句修饰先行词woman,且空处在从句中作定语,修饰hair

color,故用关系代词whose。4.(2023·浙江1月)I

parked

my

car

outside

the

farm

and

walked

past

a

milking

house

___________

had

apparently

not

been

used

in

many

years.that/which【解析】分析句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句，先行词为a

milking

house，指物，且定语从句中缺少主语，故填关系代词that/which。知识点3

关系代词的选择（that/which）

宜用that不用which的情况1.当先行词是all、much、anything、something、everything、nothing、little、none等不定代词时。She

told

me

everything

that

she

knew.她把她所知道的一切都告诉了我。2.当先行词指物且被all、no、few、any、little（少）、some、much、last、only、very等修饰时。I've

read

all

the

books

that

were

borrowed

from

others.

我已经读了从别人那儿借来的所有的书。3.当先行词为序数词或被序数词修饰，或先行词为形容词最高级或被形容词最高级修饰时。This

is

the

most

exciting

football

game

that

I

have

ever

seen.这是我看过的最激动人心的足球比赛。The

first

place

that

they

visited

in

Guilin

was

Elephant

Trunk

Hill.在桂林他们参观的第一个地方是象鼻山。4.当先行词既有人又有物时。I

can

remember

well

the

persons

and

some

pictures

that

I

saw

in

the

room.我能清楚地记得我在那个房间里所见到的人和一些照片。链高考

真题精练语法填空1.(全国Ⅱ卷)I

refuse

to

accept

the

blame

for

something_____was

someone

else's

fault.that【解析】分析句子结构可知，此处不定代词something作先行词，关系词在从句中作主语，应用that引导定语从句。2.(全国Ⅲ卷)Understanding

her

good

intentions,

I

eat

all

the

food_____

is

provided

by

Mom

with

appreciation.that【解析】分析句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句，从句缺少主语，先行词为the

food,且被all修饰，故定语从句要用that引导。知识点4

定语从句中的主谓一致

一般情况下，关系代词在从句中作主语时，定语从句谓语动词的人称和数与先行词的人称和数保持一致。The

books

that

were

sold

out

in

two

weeks

were

all

written

by

Tom.两周内卖光的那些书都是汤姆写的。I'm

fond

of

the

piece

of

music

which

was

played

by

Jenny.我喜欢珍妮演奏的那首曲子。

"one

of

the

+可数名词复数+定语从句"结构中，定语从句的谓语动词用复数形式，即以"可数名词复数"为定语从句的先行词；而"the

only/very/right

one

of

the

+可数名词复数+定语从句"结构中，定语从句的谓语动词用单数形式，因为定语从句的先行词为"the

only

one"。He

is

one

of

the

players

who

were

presented

with

the

medal.他是被授予了奖章的运动员之一。He

is

the

only

one

of

the

players

who

was

presented

with

the

medal.他是唯一一位被授予了奖章的运动员。链高考

真题精练语法填空(全国Ⅱ卷)Barbara

is

easy

to

recognize

as

she's

the

only

one

of

the

women

who

_______（wear）

evening

dress.wears【解析】当"the

only

one

of

the

+可数名词复数"为先行词时，定语从句的谓语动词应该用单数形式。另外，由题干中的时态及语境可知，这里要用一般现在时，故填wears。语法练

专项提升Ⅰ

用适当的关系代词填空1.(2024·上海师大附中期末)The

books

on

the

desk

_______

covers

are

shiny

are

prizes

for

us.whose【解析】分析句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句，先行词为The

books，和名词covers之间存在所属关系，所以关系代词应用whose,作定语，修饰covers。2.Evidently,

those

_____

can

stick

to

their

dreams

are

more

likely

to

succeed.who【解析】空处引导定语从句，修饰指示代词those（指人），故空处用who。3.The

writer

and

his

novel

_____

you

have

just

talked

about

are

really

well-known.that【解析】此处先行词既有人又有物，故填that。4.There

is

no

success

without

hard

work;

success

is

something_____

is

only

earned

after

much

effort.that【解析】此处先行词为指物的不定代词something，故从句用that引导。5.She

is

the

teacher

from_______

I

have

borrowed

this

dictionary.whom【解析】定语从句"from____

I

have

borrowed

this

dictionary"修饰先行词the

teacher，且关系代词位于介词from后，故填whom。6.(2023·全国乙卷)But

for

all

its

ancient

buildings,

Beijing

is

also

a

place

___________

welcomes

the

fast-paced

development

of

modern

life.that/which【解析】分析句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词a

place，指物，且空处在从句中作主语，故用that或which引导均可。Ⅱ

用关系代词引导的定语从句合并下列句子1.I

have

a

friend.

He

likes

listening

to

classical

music._______________________________________________________I

have

a

friend

that/who

likes

listening

to

classical

music.2.Last

week

Mary

wore

the

dress.

I

gave

it

to

her._______________________________________________________Last

week

Mary

wore

the

dress

that/which

I

gave

to

her.3.They

live

in

a

room.

Its

window

faces

south.______________________________________________They

live

in

a

room

whose

window

faces

south.4.She

wants

to

visit

the

village.

Her

mother

likes

it

best.___________________________________________________________She

wants

to

visit

the

village

that/which

her

mother

likes

best.5.The

old

man

likes

reading

the

newspaper

every

day.

It

contains

important

information._______________________________________________________________________________________________The

old

man

likes

reading

the

newspaper

that/which

contains

important

information

every

day.写作方法指导如何写叙事类记叙文

叙事类记叙文主要是对某一事件的发生、发展和结果进行叙述，重在叙述事情发生、发展的过程。这类写作的考查重点是语言运用的正确性、句子的连贯性、信息表述的完整性等。

叙事类记叙文写作时应注意的问题：常用表达1.交代时间：one

day;

the

other

day；

when

I

was…years

old;

by

the

end

of

last

term;

during

the

summer

holidays;

on

Sunday

morning...2.交代地点：on

the

way

to

school;

on

the

way

home;

at

the

crossing;

at

the

end

of

the

street;

at

the

foot

of

the

mountain...3.介绍故事情节：Sb.was

doing…in

someplace

when…Sb.was

about

to

do…when…=Sb.was

on

the

point

of

doing…when…Sb.had

just

done…when…4.介绍故事的结果或谈自己的感想①常用词汇:finally;

luckily/fortunately;

to

one's

surprise;

feel

tired/delighted②常用句型:What

surprised/attracted/delighted

us

most

was

that…Through

this

meaningful

activity,

we

learned

something

that

can't

be

learned

in

class.I

was

deeply

impressed/moved/touched

by…巧运用

典例详析书面表达

（2023·全国乙卷）学校英文报组织同学们分享自己在假期中学到的新技能，请你以此为主题写一篇短文投稿。内容包括：

1.简要描述；

2.体验和感受。

注意：

1.词数100左右；

2.题目已为你写好。A

教你审题体裁叙事类记叙文时态一般过去时为主人称第一人称为主要点1.学习了哪种新技能；2.遇到的困难和挑战；3.收获和感悟。B

教你选词1.有机会做某事______________________________2.在某人的指导下_________________________have

an

opportunity

to

do

sth.under

the

guidance

of

sb.Learning

a

New

Skill3.设法做成某事__________________4.在……方面很出色_______________________manage

to

do

sth.be/become

excellent

at...C

教你造句1.我有机会在一家俱乐部学习滑雪。_____________________________________________2.开始滑行的时候，我很害怕。________________________________________3.我不知道该怎么做。__________________________4.在教练的指导下我成功地控制住了身体。_____________________________________________________________________________________I

had

an

opportunity

to

learn

to

ski

at

a

club.When

I

started

to

slide,I

was

very

afraid.I

didn't

know

what

to

do.Under

the

guidance

of

the

instructor

I

managed

to

control

my

body

successfully.D

教你升级用"so...that..."结构合并句2和句3。___________________________________________________________________When

I

started

to

slide,I

was

so

afraid

that

I

didn't

know

what

to

do.E

教你成篇Learning

a

New

Skill

Skiing

has

always

been

a

challenging

and

interesting

sport

for

me.【*】

Last

winter

vacation,

I

finally

had

an

opportunity

to

learn

to

ski

at

a

club.

As

a

beginner,just

putting

myself

on

the

skis

was

a

challenge.

When

I

started

to

slide,I

was

so

afraid

that

I

didn't

know

what

to

do—except

throwing

myself

in

the

snow.

However,

under

the

guidance

of

the

instructor

and

after

my

repeated

failure

and

tries,I

finally

made

my

first

turn

and

managed

to

control

my

body

successfully.

From

my

skiing

experience,I

learn

that

with

repeated

practice

and

confidence,

everyone

can

become

excellent

at

learning

a

new

skill.［名师点评］本文要点齐全，条理清晰，多样化的叙述句式彰显了作者较高的英语表达能力。【*】本句引入话题——假期学习滑雪技能，现在完成时和always的运用突出了作者长期以来对滑雪的认知。［思考］你还能从范文中总结的有用表达：词汇____句式____提能力

迁移训练书面表达

(2024·河南信阳期末)近期你校举行了一次迎冬至（the

winter

solstice）活动,假如你是学校英语报记者李华，请写一篇短文报道此次活动。内容包括：

1.活动的目的；

2.活动的具体情况；

3.大家的感受。注意：词数80左右_______【参考答案】

In

order

to

get

a

better

understanding

of

our

tradition

and

relieve

us

from

study

pressure,

our

school

organized

an

activity

with

the

theme

of

"Welcome

The

Winter

Solstice"

in

the

school

gym

last

weekend.

There

were

various

activities,

ranging

from

making

dumplings

on

our

own

to

live

talent

shows.

Under

the

guidance

of

our

teachers,

we

created

handmade

dumplings

with

different

shapes

and

fillings.

This

activity

turned

out

to

be

a

great

joy.

Not

only

did

we

get

knowledge

about

life

skills

but

also

we

strengthened

our

national

pride

and

confidence.［总结］

范文中使用的本单元新学表达：词汇

__________________relieve、strengthen高考题型突破如何通过核心词复现巧做阅读理解七选五真题在线

阅读理解七选五

CGA

DE

本文是一篇说明文。作者是一个艺术家，在此以第一人称的口吻针对初学者开启艺术之旅给出了一些技巧和建议。36.___C【解析】空前一句提到这些小型习作可以提供灵感，可能是未来更复杂作品的跳板。空后一句讲到了"You'll

want

to

look

back

on

your

journey

to

see

how

far

you've

come"，即你会想要回顾自己的艺术之旅，看看自己已经取得了多大的进展，因此空处应为承上启下的过渡句，既与开始阶段的"small

studies"有关，又与将来"look

back

on"的物件有关，而C项中的"your

beginner

art"最贴合语境，它可以帮助你看到自己从开始到现在取得的进步，故选C项。且本段主题句中的"Start"也是提示，与C项中的"beginner"属于同义复现。37.___G【解析】空处位于本段的结尾，空前一句"Whether

you

paint

still

lives,

portraits,

or

landscapes,

paint

from

life

as

much

as

possible"讲到了无论你是画静物画、肖像画还是风景画，都要尽可能多地写生，空处应与这样做的目的或结果有关，而G项"你将培养出只有通过重复（练习）才能得到的绘画肌肉记忆"正是指出了这样做的好处，承接上文，符合语境，故选G项。38.___A【解析】根据本段的主旨句"Continually

challenge

yourself

to

try

something

new"可知，本段主要围绕"不断挑战自我去尝试新事物"展开，结合选项内容可推知，"Get

out

of

your

comfort

zone"就是"challenge

yourself"的一种方式。A项中的"comfort"与空前的"challenge"还存在反义关系。39.___D【解析】结合本空的位置可知，本空考查段落主旨句。根据空后的"feedback（反馈）"可知，空处应与"展示""分享""交流"有关，故可推断答案为D项。且后文中的"post

my

work"与D项中的"Share

your

work"属于同义复现。40.___E【解析】空前一句讲到了"The

journey

you're

on

won't

follow

a

straight

path"（你的旅途不会一路平坦），而空后讲到了"Push

through,

give

it

time

and

put

in

the

effort"（坚持下去，给它时间，付出努力），这是面对困境时的做法，因此空处应举例说明"won't

follow

a

straight

path"的情况，而E项中的"roadblocks"和"discouraged"就是艺术之旅中的曲折之处，故可确定答案为E项。

词语摘抄①put

together汇集；组织②look

back

on回首（往事）；回忆；回顾③put

in/into花费，耗费，投入（时间、心思等）④still

life

n.

［C,U］静物画⑤portrait

/ˈpɔ:treɪt/

n.

［C］肖像，半身照⑥landscape

/ˈlændskeɪp/

n.［C,usually

sing.］风景，景色⑦constructive

adj.

建设性的,有助益的,积极的词链

construct（vt.

修建）→

construction（n.［U］

建造）→constructive（adj.）⑧be

crucial

to...

对……至关重要crucial

/ˈkru:ʃl/

adj.至关重要的⑨in

turn

相应地,转而；依次,轮流⑩harvest

/ˈhɑːvɪst/

vt.获取，收获

n.

［C,U］收获⑪comfort

zone

n.［C,usually

sing.］舒适区⑫hit

roadblocks遇到障碍hit

vt.

熟词生义

遇到（困难）；经历（不愉快的事情）Everything

was

going

well

but

then

we____trouble.

原本一切都进行得很顺利，但后来我们遇到了麻烦。roadblock

n.［C］障碍hit⑬discouraged

/dɪsˈkʌrɪdʒd/

adj.灰心的，丧气的⑭redefine

vt.重新定义［思考］我们之前学过前缀re-的用法，你能说出该词缀的含义并列出三个由其构成的单词吗？⑮repetition

/ˌrepəˈtɪʃn/

n.

［U,C］重复，重做，重说语篇梳理通方法

解题指导如何通过核心词复现巧做阅读理解七选五

阅读理解七选五文章各段落的大意都围绕文章的中心思想展开，而每个段落也通常是围绕一个主旨进行阐述的。阐述段落主旨时，经常会有核心词的复现，但这并不是词语的简单重复，而是以原词、同义词或近义词、反义词、同源词、概括词等多种形式出现。常见的复现情况有：原词复现同一个词重复出现同义复现以同义词的形式重复出现近义复现以近义词或近义表达（意思相近，表达方式不同）的形式重复出现同根复现以词义相同而词性不同的形式重复出现上义词与下义词的复现作为某个词语的上义词或下义词重复出现（上义词和下义词在语义上是包含和被包含的关系，如adult是teacher、parent的上义词，而teacher、parent就是adult的下义词）

核心词复现是语篇衔接的一个重要手段，而阅读理解七选五正是考查语篇衔接，因此，利用核心词复现做阅读理解七选五十分有用。如：续表(新课标全国卷Ⅰ)39If

you've

been

betrayed,

you

are

the

victim

of

your

circumstance.

But

there's

a

difference

between

being

a

victim

and

living

with

a

"victim

mentality".A.Learn

to

really

trust

yourself.B.It

is

putting

confidence

in

someone.C.Stop

regarding

yourself

as

the

victim.D.Remember

that

you

can

expect

the

best

in

return.E.They've

been

too

badly

hurt

and

they

can't

bear

to

let

it

happen

again.F.This

knowledge

carries

over

in

their

attitude

toward

their

future

relationships.G.Seeing

the

positive

side

of

things

doesn't

mean

you're

ignoring

what

happened.【答案】C【解析】空处是段落主题句。空后句三次出现victim一词,结合选项内容可判断,七个选项中只有C项中有victim,为原词复现，故可优先考虑。将C项"不要把自己当作受害者"代入空处，其与下文衔接紧密，故选C项。本段结构：总（总领）—分（细说）。

值得注意的是，有的题利用核心词复现解题十分有用，但这并不意味着凡与上句或下句有复现词的选项就一定是正确选项，只是正确的可能性更大，在解题过程中需重点考虑或优选考虑而已。是否为正确答案，还得将含复现词的选项代入原文，看该选项与上下文是否真的衔接，只有上下文衔接紧密的才是正确选项。如：(新课标全国卷Ⅰ)38Having

confidence

in

yourself

will

help

you

make

better

choices

because

you

can

see

what

the

best

outcome

would

be

for

your

well-being.A.Learn

to

really

trust

yourself.B.It

is

putting

confidence

in

someone.C.Stop

regarding

yourself

as

the

victim.【答案】A【解析】空处是段落主题句。不要因为B项与空后句中都有confidence，原词复现就选B，也不要因为C项与空后句中都有yourself，原词复现就选C。A项中的trust

yourself与空后的Having

confidence

in

yourself（信任你自己）是近义复现，所以该选项要重点考虑;将A项代入原文，此处意为"学会真正地信任你自己。信任你自己有助于你做出更好的选择……"，上下文语义衔接紧密，故选A。

因此，掌握段落主旨，锁定段落核心词对于确定阅读理解七选五答案很有帮助。如2023年新课标Ⅱ卷阅读理解七选五中的第36题，C项中的beginner与该段主题句中的Start属于同义复现；第39题，D项中的"Share

your

work"对应后文中的"post

my

work"，也属于同义复现。

高考的阅读理解七选五主要考查考生对篇章的理解能力和对上下文之间逻辑关系的分析能力。其对核心词复现的考查，有助于加强对考生思维品质的训练，帮助考生提升总结和概括的能力。提能力

迁移训练阅读理解七选五

(全国Ⅱ卷)If

you

are

already

making

the

time

to

exercise,

it

is

good

indeed!

With

such

busy

lives,

it

can

be

hard

to

try

and

find

the

time

to

work

out.1.

.

Working

out

in

the

morning

provides

additional

benefits

beyond

being

physically

fit.

●Your

productivity

is

improved.

Exercising

makes

you

more

awake

and

ready

to

handle

whatever

is

ahead

of

you

for

the

day.2.

.

●Your

metabolism（新陈代谢）

gets

a

head

start.3.

.

If

you

work

out

in

the

mornings,

then

you

will

be

getting

the

calorie（卡路里）

burning

benefits

for

the

whole

day,

not

in

your

sleep.GEF

●4.

.

Studies

found

that

people

who

woke

up

early

for

exercise

slept

better

than

those

who

exercised

in

the

evening.

Exercise

energizes

you,

so

it

is

more

difficult

to

relax

and

have

a

peaceful

sleep

when

you

are

very

excited.

●5.

.

If

you

work

out

bright

and

early

in

the

morning,

you

will

be

more

likely

to

stick

to

healthy

food

choices

throughout

the

day.

Who

would

want

to

ruin

their

good

workout

by

eating

junk

food?

You

will

want

to

continue

to

focus

on

positive

choices.

There

are

a

lot

of

benefits

to

working

out,

especially

in

the

mornings.

Set

your

alarm

clock

an

hour

early

and

push

yourself

to

work

out!

You

will

feel

energized

all

day

long.BAA.You

will

stick

to

your

diet.B.Your

quality

of

sleep

improves.C.You

prefer

healthy

food

to

fast

food.D.There

is

no

reason

you

should

exercise

in

the

morning.E.You

can

keep

your

head

clear

for

4-10

hours

after

exercise.F.After

you

exercise,

you

continue

to

burn

calories

throughout

the

day.G.If

you

are

planning

to

do

exercise

regularly,

or

you're

doing

it

now,

then

listen

up!

本文是一篇说明文。文章从工作效率、新陈代谢、睡眠质量和饮食习惯四个方面介绍了晨练给人们带来的好处。1.___G【解析】根据空后的"Working

out

in

the

morning

provides

additional

benefits...fit"及下文可知，下文是在讲晨练的好处，所以G项"你如果计划定期锻炼，或者你现在正在锻炼，那就注意听！"符合语境。2.___E【解析】根据空前两句"Your

productivity

is

improved...the

day

"可知，E项"运动后你可以保持头脑清醒4—10个小时"承接上文。空前一句中的"more

awake"与E项中的"clear"属于同义复现。3.___F【解析】此空后的"getting...the

whole

day"与F项中的"burn

calories

throughout

the

day"相照应,F项"在你运动之后，你一整天都在消耗卡路里"符合语境。4.___B【解析】结合空处位置可知，此空是本段的中心句。根据本段内容可知，本段主要讲了晨练对睡眠的益处，所以B项"你的睡眠质量提高了"符合语境。空后一句中的"slept

better"与B项中的"improves"属于同义复现。5.___A【解析】本段中的"healthy

food"和"junk

food"是A项中"diet"的下义词，故A项"你会坚持你的饮食（习惯）"可以概括本段内容。如何利用关键词提示解答完形填空真题在线

完形填空

44.(

)

A.race

B.school

C.town

D.trainingA

C

53.(

)

A.size

B.shape

C.color

D.tasteD54.(

)

A.smell

B.look

C.become

D.workB

词语摘抄①course

n.［C］

熟词生义

跑道②delay

/dɪˈleɪ/

n.［C,U］延期，耽搁，延误③turn

out

原来是，证明是，结果是④defeat

/dɪˈfi:t/

vt.击败，战胜

n.［U,C］失败，挫败⑤transform

/trænsˈfɔ:m/

vt.使改观；使改变形态⑥skyrocket/ˈskaɪrɒkɪt/

vi.猛涨，剧增⑦average

/ˈævərɪdʒ/

adj.普通的，平常的，一般的⑧title

n.［C］

熟词生义

冠军⑨clarify

/ˈklærəfaɪ/

vt.阐明,澄清⑩defend

/dɪˈfend/

vt.&

vi.保卫；防守；vt.为……辩解⑪demand/dɪˈmɑ:nd/

vt.强烈要求⑫misshapen

/ˌmɪsˈʃeɪpən/

adj.畸形的，扭曲变形的⑬judge

/dʒʌdʒ/vt.&

vi.评价；评判；判断⑭remind

sb.

of

sb./sth.

使某人想起相似的人或物通方法

解题指导如何利用关键词提示解答完形填空

完形填空题所选语篇材料一般以记叙文、夹叙夹议文为主，兼顾说明文和议论文。其文章都是围绕一个话题展开的语篇，在逻辑关系和意义上前后贯通，因此在行文中不可避免地会出现词语的同义词、反义词、指代词、上义词、下义词以及词汇的复现等。根据这个原则，学生在答题时应联系上下文，寻找对设空处有提示作用的关键信息，找到关键词，从而确定最佳答案。下面我们以表格形式列举如何利用该方法解答上面完形填空中的几个题：题号答案判断依据2023·新课标Ⅰ卷44A.race结合上文提到的"a

cross-country

race"和本空前的"Bailey

was

more

than

two-thirds

of

the

way"可知,本题选race。本题是借助"原词复现"现象来解的。2023·全国乙卷55C.winning上文提到的"champion""51（

defeated）

two

Russians"

"one

of

the

best

gymnasts"等关键词都暗示她获得了奥运会全能冠军。winning

实际上是该语篇的话题核心词的复现。题号答案判断依据2023·全国甲卷53D.taste由上文中的"

looked

at""misshapen"及下文中的"taste"可知，此处谈论的是西红柿的外观和味道。结合第51空所在句及下文中的"but

taste

of

water"可知本题选D项。54B.look由上文中提到的"not

at

all

like

the

nice,round,47（shiny）

things

you

get

in

a

supermarket"可知，此句描述的是超市里西红柿的样子，故本空选look。从意义与逻辑上来说,

nice、round、shiny都是看起来（look）西红柿所呈现的样子。续表提能力

迁移训练完形填空

Talent

can

come

from

anywhere

and

anyone.

Whether

he

has

majored

in

art

or

has

been

blessed

with

a

talent

from

birth,

any

artist

should

be

able

to

.

.1.

.

his

gift

with

the

world.

That's.

.2.

.

what

Liz

Powers

decided

to

do

when

she,

her

brother,

and

four

local

artists

founded

ArtLifting.

This

organization

helps

.

.3.

.

artists

achieve

financial

independence

by

selling

their

works

on

ArtLifting's

website.

Though

the

website

features

145

artists

at

present,

when

Powers

first

.

.4.

.

to

shine

a

spotlight

on

undiscovered

talent,

she

wasn't

expecting

to

make

such

a（n）

.

.5.

..

Powers

was.

.6.

.

to

find

that

many

artistically

gifted

people

were.

.7.

.

simple

shelters.

When

they

created

art,

it

ended

up

in

shelter

basements.

She

understood

that

for

many

of

these

artists,.

.8.

.

could

provide

income.

They

had

the

talent;

what

they

.

.9.

.

was

a

way

to

make

it

known

to

the

world.

Therefore,

Powers

decided

to

set

up

an

online

.

.10.

..

It

would

create

a

real

.

.11.

.

between

the

artists

and

consumers

who

wanted

original

pieces

for

their

walls.

Today,

ArtLifting

is

in

19

cities

around

the

US,.

.12.

.

artists

and

bringing

their

stories

and

.

.13.

.

to

walls

around

the

country.

Historically,

artists'

works

were

usually

displayed

in

museums.

But

now

we

find

that

talent

can

be

shown

in

.

.14.

.

forms.

ArtLifting

not

only

sells

impressive

pieces;

it

also

helps

artists

.

.15.

.

what

anyone

deserves:

independence,

freedom

and

respect.

本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章讲述了Liz

Powers和她的同伴们创办了ArtLifting，帮助那些无家可归的艺术家售卖作品，使他们能够经济独立并获得自由和尊重。1.(

)

A.mix

B.share

C.trade

D.exchangeB【解析】根据语境可知，此处是固定搭配"share...with..."，表示任何艺术家都能够与世界分享他的天赋。2.(

)

A.hardly

B.normally

C.exactly

D.accidentallyC【解析】根据下文中的"This

organization

helps...their

works

on

ArtLifting's

website"可知，ArtLifting网站帮助艺术家们出售作品，所以与世界分享艺术家的天赋正是（exactly）

Liz

Powers创办ArtLifting的目的。3.(

)

A.shy

B.polite

C.busy

D.homelessD【解析】根据下文中的"Powers

was...simple

shelters"可知，Powers帮助的是那些住在收容所里的穷困潦倒的艺术家。由关键词simple

shelters可知，此处应选D项。4.(

)

A.volunteered

B.preferred

C.decided

D.appliedC【解析】此处表示最初，当Powers决定使公众注意到那些未被发现的天赋时，她没有预料到会带来如此大的影响，decide符合语境。5.(

)

A.impact

B.impression

C.contribution

D.donationA【解析】参见上题解析。impression"印象"；contribution"贡献"；donation"捐献"。6.(

)

A.scared

B.delighted

C.ashamed

D.shockedD【解析】结合常识可知，Powers看到许多有艺术天赋的人住在收容所，应该感到震惊，所以她才创办了ArtLifting来帮助他们。7.(

)

A.searching

for

B.setting

up

C.staying

in

D.going

throughC【解析】参见上题解析。且下文中的关键词shelter

basements暗示着他们是住在这里。8.(

)

A.preparations

B.experiences

C.competitions

D.creationsD【解析】根据上文中的"This

organization

helps

3（homeless）...ArtLifting's

website"可知，正是因为Powers明白创作可以带来收入，所以她才创立ArtLifting帮助被埋没的艺术家卖作品。其中关键词financial

independence对应该空后的provide

income。9.(

)

A.received

B.needed

C.minded

D.promisedB【解析】此处表示这些被埋没的艺术家所需要的是让世人知道其天赋的途径。B项符合语境。10.(

)

A.market

B.club

C.office

D.schoolA【解析】根据上下文可知，Powers建立ArtLifting就是为了给艺术家和消费者提供在线买卖市场。11.(

)

A.comparison

B.similarity

C.connection

D.gapC【解析】根据上下文可知，Powers创立的ArtLifting就是为了建立艺术家和消费者之间的联系。12.(

)

A.teaching

B.supporting

C.pitying

D.protectingB【解析】根据上文可知，ArtLifting帮助艺术家出售作品，所以它是为艺术家提供帮助。13.(

)

A.adventures

B.dreams

C.pleasures

D.artworksD【解析】根据"to

walls

around

the

country"可知，挂墙上的应该是他们的艺术品。14.(

)

A.familiar

B.regular

C.different

D.popularC【解析】根据上文中的"Historically,

artists'

works

were

usually

displayed

in

museums"可知，此处表示现在与过去不一样，天赋可以以不同的形式展现出来。15.(

)

A.achieve

B.require

C.judge

D.admitA【解析】根据上文可知，ArtLifting帮艺术家出售作品，从而让他们有收入，进而获得独立、自由和尊重。微专题

新题型专练读后续写

阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。

(2024·

湖南师大附中期中)Growing

up,

I

wanted

to

be

just

like

my

mom.

She

was

kind

and

caring,

and

always

made

people

comfortable

in

her

presence.

For

years

she

was

a

volunteer

in

our

community.

I

loved

going

to

the

local

nursing

home

to

help

with

her

when

I

was

a

child.

However,

once

I

became

a

teenager,

I

was

too

caught

up

in

my

adolescent

world

to

worry

about

helping

others.

One

particular

summer

day

when

I

was

12,

Mom

came

into

my

room

and

told

me

to

get

up

and

meet

her

at

the

car.

But

I

had

planned

to

spend

the

day

at

the

lake

with

my

friends.

Why

did

she

have

to

ruin

everything?

At

last,