英语（江苏盐城卷）（全解全析）2

2023年中考考前押题密卷【盐城卷】英语·全解全析（本卷满分90分，考试时间为90分钟。）注意事项：1．答题前，考生务必用0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡的相应位置上，并认真核对条形码上的姓名、准考证号是否与本人的相符合。2．答客观题必须用2B铅笔将答题卡上对应题目的正确选项涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选其他答案。答案不能答在试题卷上。3．答主观题必须用0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔作答，答案写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应位置上。如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案。不准使用铅笔和涂改液。不按以上要求作答的答案无效。4．考生必须保持答题卡的整洁。考试结束后，将试题卷和答题卡一并交回。第I卷（选择题，共70分）一、单项填空〔共15小题；每题1分，总分值15分〕从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最正确选项。1．Theretiredmusicteacherteacheschildrentoplay__________violinatweekends.（）A．/ B．a C．an D．the参考译文：这位退休的音乐老师在周末教孩子们拉小提琴。答案详解：当play后面跟西洋乐器时，乐器前面加定冠词the。所以选：D。2．TheWorldEnvironmentDayisJune5theveryyear，anditstarted1972.（）A．at；in B．on；in C．in；on参考译文：世界环境日是每年的6月5日，始于1972年。答案详解：on在具体的某一天，几月几号，in在哪年，哪月，哪季，at在几点，June5th六月五号，前面加on；1972，1972年，前面加in。所以选：B。3．Ifyoudon'ttaketheGPSwithyou，youwillbe________ablindmanintherainforest.（）A．asgoodas B．aswellas C．assillyas D．asslowas参考译文：如果你不带上全球定位系统，在热带雨林中你就好像盲人一样。答案详解：asgoodas与...几乎一样；aswellas以及；assillyas和...一样傻；asslowas和...一样慢。根据观察和分析句子结构和句意可知本题正确答案是A。所以选：A。4．Don't____________tilltomorrowwhatshouldbedonetoday.（）A．puton B．putoff C．putup D．putout参考译文：今天要做的事不要拖到明天。答案详解：A.穿上．B.延期、推迟，C.张贴，搭建，D.扑灭。句意"今天要做的事不要__到明天。"可知，应该是"推迟"。所以选：B。5．______oftheland______coveredwithtreesandgrass.（）A．Twofifth；is B．Aquarter；is C．Ahalf；are D．Twofifth；are参考译文：四分之一的土地被树木和草地覆盖。答案详解：分数表达：分子是基数词，分母是序数词；当分子大于一，分母用复数形式。根据句意：四分之一的土地被树木和草地覆盖。land是不可数名词，接be动词is。五分之二的正确表达是twofifths。所以选：B。6．Whatdoyouthinkofthenewbridge？Ihaveneverseen_____before．（）A．soalongone B．solongone C．suchalongone D．asuchlongone参考译文：——你认为这座新桥怎么样？——我以前从没见过这么长的桥．答案详解：so如此，副词，修饰形容词或副词；such如此，形容词，修饰名词．结合给出的四个选项，因此可知这句话的意思是"你认为这座新桥怎么样？我以前从没见过这么长的桥．"用one来代替bridge，所以要用such来修饰．名词前面还可以加形容词和不定冠词．所以选：C．7．TheGreatGreenWallcan________thewindandsandfrommovingtothesouthofChina.（）A．provide B．protect C．promise D．prevent参考译文：绿色长城可以阻止风和沙向中国南部移动。答案详解：考查动词辨析。provide提供；protect保护；promise许诺；prevent防止。根据"thewindandsandfrommovingtothesouthofChina.（绿色长城可以阻止风和沙向中国南部移动。）"可知，绿色长城是阻止风和沙向中国南部移动。所以选：D。8．FIFAWORLDCupQutar2022________inQutarinNovember.Doyouknowwhowasthechampion？（）A．held B．washeld C．isheld D．willbeheld参考译文：2022年国际足联世界杯于11月在卡塔尔举行。你知道谁是冠军吗？答案详解：结合FIFAWORLDCupQutar2022"2022年国际足联世界杯"可知，此句时态为一般过去时态。主语FIFAWORLDCupQutar2022和动词hold是被动关系，故句子的语态为一般过去时态的被动语态，其结构是：was/were+过去分词。hold的过去分词为held。所以选：B。9．Goodfriends______sharehappinesswitheachother，______helpeachotherintrouble.（）A．both；and B．either；or C．notonly；butalso D．neither；nor参考译文：好朋友不仅互相分享快乐，而且在困难时也互相帮助。答案详解：A.两者都；B.要么……要么……；C.不仅……而且……；d.既不……也不……，根据题干，可知是指好朋友不仅互相分享快乐，而且在困难时也互相帮助。所以选：C。10．OurEnglishteacheralwaysencouragesus________Englishaloudinthemorning.（）A．read B．reading C．toread D．reads参考译文：我们的英语老师总是鼓励我们早上大声朗读英语。答案详解：encouragesb.Todosth.鼓励某人做某事，所以填动词不定式toread。所以选：C。11．Mysister______forthemathtestuntilmidnightlastnightandnowshe______verytired.（）A．studies；feel B．studied；felt C．studied；feels D．studies；felt参考译文：我妹妹昨晚为了数学考试一直学习到半夜，现在她感到很累。答案详解：根据句意：我妹妹昨晚为了数学考试一直学习到半夜，现在她感到很累。由lastnight可知第一空是一般过去时；由now可知第二空是一般现在时，she接动词第三人称单数形式。所以选：C。12．—Luke，______crosstheroaduntilthetrafficlightsturngreen.—OK.Don'tworry，Mom.Ineverbreaktrafficrules.（）A．not B．can't C．won't D．don't参考译文：——卢克，在红绿灯变绿之前不要过马路。——好的。别担心，妈妈。我从不违反交通规则。答案详解：not"不"；can't"不能"；won't"不会"；don't为助动词。根据OK.Don'tworry，Mom.Ineverbreaktrafficrules.（好的。别担心，妈妈。我从不违反交通规则。）可知，妈妈告诉卢克在红绿灯变绿之前不要过马路，故本句为祈使句的否定形式，don't后跟动词原形。所以选：D。13．___________usefuladvicetheeditorsgaveusontheschoolnewspaper!（）A．What B．Whata C．Whatan D．How参考译文：编辑们在校报上给了我们多么有用的建议啊！答案详解：在感叹句中，what修饰名词，how修饰形容词/副词，根据usefuladvicetheeditorsgave可知useful是形容词，advice是不可数名词，theeditors是主语，gave是谓语，句型结构为：What+形容词+不可数名词+主语+谓语动词！所以选：A。14．—Wouldyoumindmeclosingthewindow？Thewindisblowinghardoutside.—.You'dbetterclosethewindow.（）A．Nevermind B．Yes，Iwould C．No，Iwouldn't D．Ofcoursenot参考译文：——你介意我关上窗户吗？外面风刮得很大。——当然不。你最好关上窗户。答案详解：A.Nevermind没关系；B.Yes，Iwould是的，我会的；C.No，Iwouldn't不，我不会；D.Ofcoursenot当然不。问句中的would表示委婉客气的请求，回答时不能直接用would。根据You'dbetterclosethewindow.（你最好关上窗户。）可知，此处表示不介意。所以选：D。15．—ItisEileenGu'shardworkthatleadstohertwogoldmedalsattheBeijingWinterOlympics.—Exactly!____.（）A．Everydoghasitsday B．Whatlookseasierisn'talwaysso C．Nopains，nogains D．Actionsspeaklouderthanwords参考译文：——正是谷爱凌的努力使她在北京冬奥会上获得了两枚金牌。﹣正是如此!一分耕耘一分收获。答案详解：Everydoghasitsday凡人皆有得意时；Whatlookseasierisn'talwaysso看起来容易的事情并不总是如此；Nopain，nogains一分耕耘一分收获；Actionsspeaklouderthanwords事实胜于雄辩。根据"ItisEileenGu'shardworkthatleadstohertwogoldmedalsattheBeijingWinterOlympics.""正是谷爱凌的努力使她在北京冬奥会上获得了两枚金牌。"可知，此处用"一分耕耘一分收获"符合语境。所以选：C。二、完形填空〔共10小题；每题1分，总分值10分〕阅读下面短文，从短文后所给各题的四个选项〔A、B、C和D〕中，选出可以填入空白处的最正确选项。Ateacherdecidedtoletherclassplayagame.Shetoldeachchildintheclasstobringalongaplasticbagwithafewbig（16）B.Eachpotatowasgiventhenameofapersonthatthechild（17）B.Sothenumberofpotatoesthatachildputinhisorherplasticbag（18）Conthenumberofpeopleheorshehated.Whenthedaycame，everychildbroughtsomepotatoes（19）Athenamesofthepeopleheorshehated.Somehadtwopotatoes，somethree（20）Asomehaduptofivepotatoes.Theteacherthentoldthechildrentocarrythepotatoesintheplasticbagwiththem（21）Dtheywent.Daysafterdayspassed，andthechildrenstartedtoletouttheirfrustrations（沮丧）becauseofthe（22）Dsmellletoutbytherotten（腐烂的）potatoes.Besides，thosehavingasmanyasfivepotatoesalsohadtocarry（23）Cbags.Afterweeks，thechildrenwererelieved（如释重负的）becausethegame（24）Cended.Theteacherasked，"（25）Adidyoufeelwhilecarryingthepotatoeswithyouthesedays？"Thechildrenstarted（26）Bthetroubletheyhadtogothroughhavingtocarrytheheavyandsmellypotatoes.Thentheteachertoldthemthehidden（27）Dbehindthegame."Thisisexactlythesituationwhenyoucarryyourhatredfor（28）Cinsideyourheart.Thebadsmellofhatredwill（29）Byourheartandyouwillcarryitwithyoueverywhereyougo.Ifyou（30）Dstandthesmellofrottenpotatoesforjustashortperiodoftime，canyouimaginewhatitisliketohavehatredinyourheartforyourlifetime？"Forgiveothersandmoveonwithourlife.That'sourbestchoice.（16）A.GamesB.PotatoesC.BagsD.Tomatoes（17）A.LovedB.HatedC.AdmiredD.Trusted（18）A.LivedB.KeptC.DependedD.Carried（19）A.WithB.ByC.ThroughD.Without（20）A.WhileB.SinceC.UnlessD.Until（21）A.HoweverB.WhateverC.WheneverD.Wherever（22）A.UnimportantB.UnnecessaryC.UninterestingD.Unpleasant（23）A.BiggerB.BetterC.HeavierD.Cheaper（24）A.NeverB.SeldomC.FinallyD.Specially（25）A.HowB.WhyC.WhatD.When（26）A.ConnectingtoB.plainingaboutC.CarryingoutD.paringwith（27）A.PraiseB.ConditionC.MethodD.Meaning（28）A.AnybodyB.EverybodyC.SomebodyD.Nobody（29）A.CleanB.PolluteC.SupportD.Protect（30）A.Needn'tB.Mustn'tC.Shouldn'tD.Can't文章主旨：文章讲述了老师让同学们把土豆当作讨厌的人背在书包里，不久之后，土豆发出难闻的气味，通过这个游戏老师让孩子们明白了尽量不去讨厌生活中的任何人，这样自己才会快乐。答案详解：（16）考查名词。句意：她告诉班上的每个孩子带上一个塑料袋，里面有几个大的土豆。A.游戏；B.土豆；C.包；D.西红柿。根据Eachpotatowasgiventhenameofaperson（每个土豆有一个人的名字），可知塑料袋里装的是土豆。所以选B。（17）考查动词。句意：每个土豆都有孩子们讨厌的人的名字。A.喜爱；B.讨厌；C.钦佩；D.相信。根据thenumberofpeopleheorshehated（他或她讨厌的人数），可知土豆上有孩子们讨厌的人的名字。所以选B。（18）考查动词。句意：所以孩子们放进塑料袋里的土豆的数量取决于他们讨厌的人的数量。A.生活；B.保持；C.依靠；D.携带。根据Eachpotatowasgiventhenameofapersonthatthechildhated（每个土豆上都有孩子们讨厌的人的名字），可知土豆的数量取决于孩子们讨厌的人的数量，dependon取决于。所以选C。（19）考查介词。句意：当这一天到来时，每个孩子都带了一些土豆，上面有他或她讨厌的人的名字。A.有；B.通过某种方式；C.穿过；D.没有。根据thenamesofthepeopleheorshehated（他或她讨厌的人的名字），可知土豆上有这些人的名字。所以选A。（20）考查连词。句意：有些有两个土豆，有些有三个，而有些多达五个土豆。A.而；B.自从；C.除非；D.直到。根据句意，此处用while，表示"而"。所以选A。（21）考查副词。句意：然后老师告诉孩子们把土豆装在塑料袋里，无论到哪里都带着它们。A.然而，无论如何；B.无论什么；C.无论何时；D.无论哪里。根据theywent（他们去......），可知是指孩子们无论去哪里都带着这些土豆。所以选D。（22）考查形容词。句意：一天又一天过去了，孩子们开始抱怨，因为腐烂的土豆散发出难闻的气味。A.不重要的；B.没有必要的；C.无趣的；D.不舒服的。根据therottenpotatoes（腐烂的土豆），可知发出的是让人不舒服的气味。所以选D。（23）考查形容词。句意：此外，那些有五个土豆的人也不得不背更重的袋子。A.更大的；B.更好的；C.更重的；D.更便宜的。根据thosehavingasmanyasfivepotatoes（那些有五个土豆的人），可知土豆数量多，他们的包就更重。所以选C。（24）考查副词。句意：几周后孩子们如释重负，因为游戏终于结束了。A.从不；B.很少；C.最后，终于；D.特别地。根据thechildrenwererelieved（孩子们如释重负），可知游戏终于结束了。所以选C。（25）考查疑问词。句意：这几天你们带着土豆感觉如何？A.如何；B.为什么；C.什么；D.何时。根据____didyoufeel（你们感觉____），可知是问感觉如何。所以选A。（26）考查动词短语。句意：孩子们开始抱怨他们不得不忍受带着又重又臭的土豆的麻烦。A.连接；B.抱怨；C.执行；D.作比较。根据theyhadtogothroughhavingtocarrytheheavyandsmellypotatoes（他们不得不忍受带着又重又臭的土豆的麻烦），可知孩子们开始抱怨。所以选B。（27）考查名词。句意：然后老师告诉他们游戏背后隐藏的意义。A.赞扬；B.条件；C.方法；D.意义。根据Thisisexactlythesituationwhenyoucarryyourhatred（这正是你心中带着恨的情形），可知老师告诉孩子们游戏背后隐藏的意义。所以选D。（28）考查不定代词。句意：这就是你心里憎恨某人的情形。A.任何人；B.每个人；C.某人；D.没有人。根据Eachpotatowasgiventhenameofapersonthatthechildhated（每个土豆上都有孩子们讨厌的人的名字），可知带着这些土豆就像带着心里憎恨的某些人。所以选C。（29）考查动词。句意：仇恨的味道会污染你的心，无论你走到哪里，你都会带着它。A.打扫；B.污染；C.支持；D.保护。根据Thesmellofhatred（仇恨的味道），可知会污染你的心灵。所以选B。（30）考查情态动词。句意：如果你在很短的一段时间内不能忍受腐烂的土豆味，你能想象一辈子心中都有仇恨是什么感觉吗？A.不需要；B.不要，禁止；C.不应该；D.不能。根据Ifyou____standthesmellofrottenpotatoes（如果你____忍受腐烂土豆的气味），可知是指不能忍受腐烂土豆的气味。所以选D。三、阅读理解（共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分）（一）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳答案。ACamelbackMountainResort—Tannersville，PennsylvaniaPhone：（570）629﹣1661LocatedinPoconoMountains，thisresort（度假胜地）offersyearRoundfamilyfun.Roomsincludestudio，oneAndtwoBedroomsuites（套房），aswellasflatsthatsleepupto12guests．Kidscanhavefunindoorsorout.Indooractivitiesincluderockclimbing，agamecenter.Outdooractivitiesincludeawaterparkwithslides（滑梯）andrides，skiingandsnowboarding.TheTylerPlaceFamilyResort—HighgateSprings，VermontPhone：（802）868﹣4000Ifyou'relookingforavacationwithkidsinNewEngland，you'llwanttocheckoutthishotel.Therearecountlessactivitiesincludedwithyourstay.Forexample，youmightwanttoridebikes，takeboatrides，orenjoysomefishing.Thisisagreatresortforanyonelookingtofocusonnatureduringtheirvacation.BigCedarLodge—Ridgedale，MissouriPhone：（417）335﹣2777Thishoteloffersactivitiesforallages.Minigolf，alazyriver，poolsandBigCedarBeacharejustafewamenities（生活福利设施）includedwithyourstay.TheBigCedarKidsExplorationClubprovidesfourHouroutdoorexplorationclassesforchildrenages4～11，soparentscanexploretheresort.Inaddition，manyspecialeventsareplanned，likehorsebackriding，boattrips.FairfieldInn&Suites—FairOaks，IndianaPhone：（219）394﹣2100The99guestroomsofthishotelinclude31specialtysuites.ThisfamilyFriendlyhotelhasanindoorpoolandwaterslide，andlotsofkidCenteredactivities.YoucantakepartinmanyactivitiesoffarmingliketheDairyExplorationandCropExploration.There'sevenadogparkifyouwanttobringyourpetfamilymember.（31）Whichnumbershouldyoucallifyouwanttobookahotelthatallowsfishing？DA．（219）394﹣2100B．（417）335﹣2777C．（570）629﹣1661D．（802）868﹣4000（32）Whereisthesuitablehotelifyourfamilychooseoutdoorexplorationclasses？BA．InIndiana.B．InMissouri.C．InPennsylvania.D．InVermont.（33）WhatdoCamelbackMountainResortandFairfieldInn&Suiteshaveinmon？DA．Theyhavethesametypeofrooms.B．Theybothallowthefamilytotakepets.C．Theyarenotfitforthechildrentoplay.D．TheyhavedifferentkindsofkidCentredexploration.文章主旨：本文是一篇应用文。文章中展示了四则关于旅游胜地酒店的详细信息的广告。答案详解：细节理解题。（31）根据"TheTylerPlaceFamilyResort—HighgateSprings，VermontPhone：（802）868﹣4000Ifyou'relookingforavacationwithkidsinNewEngland，you'llwanttocheckoutthishotel.Therearecountlessactivitiesincludedwithyourstay.Forexample，youmightwanttoridebikes，takeboatrides，orenjoysomefishing.."（佛蒙特州海格特斯普林斯泰勒广场家庭度假酒店：（802）868﹣4000如果你想和孩子们一起在新英格兰度假，你会想看看这家酒店。你的住宿包括无数活动。例如，你可能想骑自行车、乘船或钓鱼。）可知如果想要钓鱼可以拨打（802）868﹣4000预订酒店，所以选D。（32）根据"BigCedarLodge—Ridgedale，Missouri...TheBigCedarKidsExplorationClubprovidesfourHouroutdoorexplorationclassesforchildrenages4～11，soparentscanexploretheresort."（BigCedar儿童探险俱乐部为4至11岁的儿童提供四小时的户外探险课程，因此家长可以探索度假村。）可知如果家人选择户外探险课，适合的酒店是在密苏里州，所以选B。（33）根据"Kidscanhavefunindoorsorout....Outdooractivitiesincludeawaterparkwithslidesandrides，skiingandsnowboarding."（户外活动包括带滑梯和游乐设施的水上公园、滑雪和单板滑雪。）和"YoucantakepartinmanyactivitiesoffarmingliketheDairyExplorationandCropExploration"（你可以参加许多农业活动，如奶牛探险和作物探险。）可知两个酒店都有以孩子为中心的探索活动，所以选D。BOneteacherpraisesastudentbysaying"You'resosmart!"Anotherteachersays"Youmusthaveworkedreallyhardatthis!"Whichstudentdoesbetterinschool？Studiesshowthatstudentswhohearthewordsofthesecondteacherwilldobetter.Thosestudentsarelearningthattheireffortisimportant.Psychologists（心理学家）lookedatwhatstudentsdidaftertheyweregivendifferenttypesofpraise.Somestudentsweretoldthattheyweregoodatatask.Theydidn'ttryveryhardthenexttime.Otherstudentsweretoldthattheyhadworkedhardatatask.Theyworkedevenharderthenexttime.Thefirstgroupofstudentswaslearningthattheyhadasetamountofskill.Theydidn'tthinktheycoulddoanybetter.Thisiscalledafixedmindset（思维模式）.Thesecondgroupwaslearningthattheycoulddobetteriftheykepttrying.Thisiscalledagrowthmindset.Peoplewhohaveagrowthmindsetbelievethatthebraincangrow；peoplecandobetterandlearnnewskills.Iftheyworkhard，theycanbesuccessful.Howcanteachersandparentshelpstudentssucceed？Theycanfocusmainlyoneffortandnotsimplyonability.Whenstudentssucceed，teachersandparentsshouldpraisetheactualworkratherthanintelligence（智力）ortalent.Whenstudentsfail，theyshouldbetoldhowtheycandobetter.Teachers，parentsandstudentsneedtovalueeffort，notintelligence.BeliefsofFixedandGrowthMindsetsFixedMindsetGrowthMindsetThingsyou'rebornwiththatcannotchangeThingsyoucangrowandimprovewithhardworkSomethingtoavoid—couldshowlackofskillSomethingimportant—leadstosuccessThingstoavoid—incaseyouaren'tgoodenoughThingsthathelpyoulearn（34）Whatkindofpeoplehavefewerchancestosucceedaccordingtothearticle？BA.Peoplewithagrowthmindset.B.Peoplewithafixedmindset.C.Peoplewhooftenlearnfromchallenges.D.Peoplewhooftenlearnfrommistakes.（35）FromtheformwecanknowpeoplewithagrowthmindsetconsiderchallengesasC.A.Thingsthey'rebornwithB.ThingstheyneedtoavoidC.ThingsthathelpthemlearnD.Thingsthatstopthemimproving（36）Howdoesthewriterorganizetheideasinthearticle？DA.Bytellingstories.B.Bylistingnumbers.C.Bydrawingmindmaps.D.Byparingfacts.文章主旨：本文说明了固定型思维和成长型思维的不同，提出了怎样形成成长型思维。答案详解：（34）推理判断题。根据"Somestudentsweretoldthattheyweregoodatatask.Theydidn'ttryveryhardthenexttime"（一些学生被告知他们擅长一项任务。他们下一次没怎么努力）及"Thefirstgroupofstudentswaslearningthattheyhadasetamountofskill.Theydidn'tthinktheycoulddoanybetter.Thisiscalledafixedmindset（思维模式）.（第一组学生学习到他们有一定的技能。他们不认为他们能做得更好。这就是所谓的固定心态。）"可知，文章介绍了拥有固定型思维模式的学生在面对一项任务时，如果受到了夸赞表扬，那么下一次他们就不会再继续努力了，故可推知拥有固定型思维的人获得成功的机会较小。所以选B。（35）推理判断题。根据表格最后一行Challenges中"Thingsthathelpyoulearn"（有助于你学习的东西）可知，拥有成长型思维的人会把挑战视为可以帮助他们学习的事情。所以选C。（36）推理判断题。根据第二段"Psychologists（心理学家）lookedatwhatstudentsdidaftertheyweregivendifferenttypesofpraise.Somestudentsweretoldthattheyweregoodatatask.Theydidn'ttryveryhardthenexttime.Otherstudentsweretoldthattheyhadworkedhardatatask.Theyworkedevenharderthenexttime."（心理学家观察了学生在受到不同类型的表扬后所做的事情。一些学生被告知他们擅长一项任务。下一次他们没怎么努力。其他学生被告知，他们已经努力完成了一项任务。下一次他们更加努力。）可知，文章第二段介绍了两组不同的学生在接受不同表扬后的行为表现，说明了固定型思维和成长型思维的不同；故文章通过对比事实来组织文章中心思想。所以选D。CPeopleoftenthinkoftheNorthPole（北极）andtheSouthPoleassimilarfrozen（冰冻的）wastelands.Theyarebothplaceswithverylowtemperaturesandfewpeoplelivethere.However，theNorthandSouthPolesarenotmuchalikeaspeoplemayimagine.TheNorthPolehasnoland，onlythickice.Temperatureshardlyevergoabove32°F，atwhichwaterturnsintoice.Mostofthetime，itstaysbelowzero.Inwintertemperaturesareusuallyaslowas﹣30°F.Althoughconditionswereverypoor，peopletriedformanycenturiestoreachtheNorthPole.About100yearsago，twomen，RobertPearyandMathewHenson，wereabletogettothisenvironmentfulloftroublesanddifficulties.TheyreachedtheNorthPoleonMarch8th，1909.Itwasreallyahardtripforthem.TherearefewthingsmoredangerousthancrossingtheArctic（北极）onfoot.Peoplewhostayedtheremayfacemanyproblems：verylowtemperatures，suddenstorms，andevenhunger.Mostoftheareaisuninhabited.Fewpeoplecanliveinsuchadifficultplace.Peoplemightthinkthatwithsuchlowtemperaturesformostoftheyear，theicewouldbethickandhard.However，thisisnottrueintheArctic.Themovementoftheoceanwaterundertheicemayoftencausemanydifferentchangesonthesurface.Sometimestheicebreaksintotwoopeninglanesofwater（水道）called"leads".Anyonewhofallsintoaleadcanbefrozentodeathinafewminutes.（37）ThispassageisprobablyfromB.A．abookreviewB．asciencebookC．aschoolreportD．aputermagazine（38）Accordingtothepassage，whathappenedabout100yearsago？AA．TwomensucceededingettingtotheNorthPole.B．TemperaturesintheNorthPolewentabove32°F.C．TheenvironmentintheNorthPolesuddenlybecameworse.D．TheNorthPolechangedintothickicebecauseofthetemperatures.（39）Whatdoestheunderlinedword"uninhabited"probablymeaninChinese？DA．气候恶劣的B．充满危险的C．困难重重的D．无人居住的（40）ThereasonfortheicetobreakintotwoopeninglanesofwaterisC.A．thatthetemperaturesuddenlydropsB．thatthewaterundertheiceisfrozenC．thattheoceanwaterundertheicemovesD．thatthesurfaceiscoveredwithlotsofice文章主旨：这篇短文主要给我们介绍了北极的相关知识。北极和南极都是非常寒冷的地方，但北极和南极是很不一样的。答案详解：（37）文章来源题。根据第一段"However，theNorthandSouthPolesarenotmuchalikeaspeoplemayimagine."（然而，南北极并不像人们想象的那样相似。）和文意可知，这篇短文主要介绍了有关北极的一些情况，属于科普类的文章，所以选B。（38）细节理解题。根据短文第三段"About100yearsago，twomen，RobertPearyandMathewHenson，wereabletogettothisenvironmentfulloftroublesanddifficulties."（大约100年前，罗伯特•皮尔里和马修•亨森这两个人能够来到这个充满麻烦和困难的环境）可知，大约100年前，有两个人成功地到达了北极。所以选A。（39）词义猜测题。根据语境"Fewpeoplecanliveinsuchadifficultplace."（几乎没有人能在这个地方生存下来。）可知，几乎没有人能在这个地方生存下来，说明大部分地区无人居住，uninhabited意为"无人居住的"。所以选D。（40）细节理解题。根据最后一段"Themovementoftheoceanwaterundertheicemayoftencausemanydifferentchangesonthesurface."（海水在冰下的运动通常会导致地表发生许多不同的变化。）可知，冰下面海水的运动可能会导致海面的很多变化，有时候冰会破裂形成开放的水道。所以选C。DDubai，UAEDubaishowsoffFerriswheelTheworld'slargestFerriswheelhasopenedinDubai.CalledtheDubaiEye，itstands250metershigh.That'sneartwicetheheightoftheLondonEye.Thereare48capsules（舱）onthewheelanditisabletocarryupto1，750visitorsatatime.Onepleteturningofthewheeltakes38minutes.AnopeningpartywasheldonOctober21，withaplaneandafireworkdisplay.Zhangjiajie，China______________________VisitorstotheZhangjiajieGlassBridgecanonceagaindrop260Metersintothecanyon（峡谷）below，nowthattheworld'shighestbungeejump（蹦极）hasreopened.JumpoperatorJonniDeakersaysthattheheightmakesthejumpeasier.""Whenyou'rethishigh，itkindoffeelslikeskydiving."hesaid.Bangkok，ThailandUnusedtaxisusedasavegetablepatchAcarParkfullofunusedtaxishasbeenturnedintoavegetablepatch（小块地）inThailand'scapital，Bangkok.ThetaxishavenotbeenusedbecauseofCOVID﹣19.Thetaxipanyalloweditsworkerstousethetaxis'roofstogrowcabbages，cucumbersandsoontofeedthemselveswhileoutofwork.（41）AllthenewsabovemayefromwithCsection.A.WorldBitesB.CulturalActivitiesC.NationalGeographyD.ExtremeSports（42）AccordingtoJonniDeaker，C.A.ItwasquitescarybutexcitingtojumpB.ThejumpwasverydangerousC.TheheightgivesanadvantagetothejumpD..Jumpersfeeleasierwhilejumping（43）ThetaxiworkersinBangkokgothroughtheCOVID﹣19byB.A.GrowingvegetablesonawastedpatchB.PlantingvegetablesonthetheunusedtaxisC.FeedingthemselveswithdonatedvegetablesD.Receivingsomevegetablesfromtheirpany（44）Whatcanbeinferredfromtheabovematerials？BA.TheDubaiEyecancarryatleast1750visitorsonce.B.Thereare48capsulesintheferriswheelofDubai.C.Theworld'shighestBungeesjumpisnotstrangetopeople.D.Theunderlinedword"cucumbers"referstoavegetablebed.（45）Whatmightbethebestheadingforthesecondpieceofnews？DA.TheZhangjiajieGlassBridgeB.TheHeightMakestheJumpEasierC.EasySkydivingatQuiteaHeightD.TheHighestBungeeJumpReopens文章主旨：文章是关于三个国家的三条新闻。答案详解：（41）细节推理题。根据Dubai，UAE（迪拜，阿拉伯联合酋长国）Zhangjiajie，China（中国张家界）Bangkok，Thailand（泰国，曼谷）可知介绍了三个国家的新闻。可推出这些来自国家地理杂志。所以选：C。（42）细节理解题。根据JumpoperatorJonniDeakersaysthattheheightmakesthejumpeasier.（跳跃操作员JonniDeaker说，高度使跳跃更容易。）可知，高度给了跳跃优势。所以选：C。（43）细节理解题。根据AcarParkfullofunusedtaxishasbeenturnedintoavegetablepatch（小块地）inThailand'scapital，Bangkok.（泰国首都曼谷，一个停满闲置出租车的停车场变成了一片菜地。）可知，曼谷出租车司机在闲置的出租车上种植蔬菜，度过了新冠肺炎疫情。所以选：B。（44）根据Thereare48capsules（舱）onthewheelanditisabletocarryupto1，750visitorsatatime.（摩天轮上有48个太空舱，能同时搭载1750名游客。）可知，迪拜摩天轮有48个太空舱。所以选：B。（45）最佳标题题。根据VisitorstotheZhangjiajieGlassBridgecanonceagaindrop260Metersintothecanyon（峡谷）below，nowthattheworld'shighestbungeejump（蹦极）hasreopened.（世界上最高的蹦极项目重新开放后，游客们又可以在张家界玻璃桥上从260米高的高空跳入峡谷了。）可知第二条新闻介绍了最高蹦极重新开放。所以选项D为最佳标题。所以选：D。（二）阅读下面短文,从所给选项中选出能填入短文空白处的最佳选项,使短文通顺,结构完整,其中有一项是多余选项。A.Actionsspeaklouderthanwords.B.Anotherproverbsays"Loveisblind."C.Hewasalsofamousforhisproverbs.D.Thismeansthatmoneyshouldnotbewasted.E.Heincludedmanyproverbsthathehadheardorcreated.F.Youhaveawholelifeaheadofyou.Aproverbisashort，wellknownsayingthatexpressesamontruthorbelief.Proverbsarefoundinmostculturesandareoftenveryold.InAmericanhistory，BenjaminFranklinwasascientist，inventorandwriteraswellasaleaderoftheAmericanRevolution.（46）CFranklinwroteabookcalled"PoorRichard'sAlmanac".（47）ESomeofthemarestillusedtoday，likethisone："Earlytobedandearlytorisemakesamanhealthy，wealthyandwise."Franklinisalsorememberedforotherproverbslike，"Apennysavedisapennyearned."（48）DHereareotherexamplesofproverbsthatAmericansuse.Thefirstonesareaboutlove.Somepeoplesay，"Allisfairinloveandwar."Theymeanthatanythingyoudoinarelationshiporinbattleisacceptable.（49）BInotherwords，whenyouareinlovewithsomeone，youmayrefusetoseeanythingbadaboutthatperson.Hereisanotherpopularsayingaboutlove："Thewaytoaman'sheartisthroughhisstomach."Somepeoplebelievethatawomancanwinaman'sloveifsheprepareshisfavoritefoods."（50）A"Thisproverbistrueinloveandwarorothersituations.Itmeansthatwhatyoudoismoreimportantthanwhatyousay.Wehavetostophere，sowemustsay，"Allgoodthingsmustetoanend."文章主旨：短文讲了谚语的特点，详细地介绍了富兰克林说的一些谚语和其他一些谚语的含义。答案详解：细节推理题。（46）C.根据前句"InAmericanhistory，BenjaminFranklinwasascientist，inventorandwriteraswellasaleaderoftheAmericanRevolution."在美国历史上，本杰明•富兰克林是一位科学家、发明家和作家，也是美国独立战争的领袖。可知介绍富兰克林，结合选项，应说他的谚语也很有名。所以选C。（47）E.根据后句"Someofthemarestillusedtoday，likethisone："Earlytobedandearlytorisemakesamanhealthy，wealthyandwise."其中一些至今仍在使用，比如："早睡早起使人健康、富有和聪明。"可知介绍他的一些谚语，结合选项，应说他收录了许多他听过或创造过的谚语。所以选E。（48）D.根据前句"Franklinisalsorememberedforotherproverbslike，"Apennysavedisapennyearned."富兰克林还因其他谚语而被人们记住，比如"省一分钱就是赚一分钱。"可知和钱有关的谚语，结合选项，应说这意味着钱不应该被浪费。所以选D。（49）B.根据后句"Inotherwords，whenyouareinlovewithsomeone，youmayrefusetoseeanythingbadaboutthatperson.换句话说，当你爱上一个人时，你可能会拒绝看到那个人的任何不好的一面。"可知和爱情有关的谚语，结合选项，应说另一句谚语说"爱情是盲目的。"所以选B。（50）A.根据后句"Thisproverbistrueinloveandwarorothersituations.Itmeansthatwhatyoudoismoreimportantthanwhatyousay."可知这句谚语在爱情、战争或其他情况下都是正确的，意思是你所做的比你所说的更重要。结合选项，应说行动胜于空谈。所以选A。第Ⅱ卷（非选择题,共50分）四、阅读并回答问题（共5小题,每小题2分,计10分）IwasonatraininSwitzerland.Thetraincametoastopandtheconductor's（乘务员的）voiceovertheloudspeakerdeliveredamessageinGerman，Italian，andFrench.I'dmadethemistakeofnotlearninganyofthoselanguagesbeforemyvacation.EveryonestaredgettingofftherainandanoldwomansawthatIwasconfused（迷惑）andstressed.ShecouldspeaksomeEnglishandtoldmethatanaccidenthadhappenedonthetracks（轨道）.SheaskedmewhereIwastryingtogetto，thenwentandtalkedtosomeworkers，andcamebacktotellmethatwe'dhavetohop（转乘）trainstogetthere.Iwasreallygladshewasheadingthesamewaybecauseitwouldbeimpossibleformetofigureitoutonmyown.Sowewentfromonetrainstationtothenext，gettingtoknoweachotheralongtheway.Shewasreallythesweetestwoman.Itwasa2.5hourjourneyintotal，andwhenwemadeittothefinaldestination，wegotoffandsaidourgoodbyes.IhadmadeitjustintimetocatchmytraintoRome.Shetoldmeshehadatraintocatchaswell.Iaskedherhowmuchfarthershehadtogoandshetoldmethatherhomewastwohoursbacktheotherway.ShehadjumpedfromtraintotrainandtravelledthewholewayjusttomakesurethatImadeitIwasinsurprise.Awomanspentherwholedaysittingontrainsandtakingherhoursawayfromherhomejusttohelpoutaconfusedtouristvisitinghercountry.NomatterhowmanycountriesIvisit，I'llalwayssaythemostbeautifulcountryintheworldisSwitzerland.根据短文内容回答下列问题，每题答案不超过6个单词。（51）Whichlanguagedidthewriterlearn，German，ItalianorFrench？Helearnednoneofthem.（52）Whatwouldthewriterhavetodotogettotheplacehetriedtogoto？Hoppingtrains.（53）Wastheoldwomanreallyheadingthesamewayasthewriter？No，shewasn't.（54）Howlongwasthejourneyintotal？Itwas2.5hours.（55）Whatdoyouthinkoftheoldwoman？Sheiswarmheartedandkind.文章主旨：作者讲了自己游览瑞士遇到了一位心地善良的老妇人的经历。答案详解：（51）Helearnednoneofthem.细节推断题。根据Thetraincametoastopandtheconductor's（乘务员的）voiceovertheloudspeakerdeliveredamessageinGerman，Italian，andFrench.I'dmadethemistakeofnotlearninganyofthoselanguagesbeforemyvacation.列车到达最高点，列车长通过扬声器用德语、意大利语和法语传达了一条信息。我犯了一个错误，在假期前没有学习这些语言中的任何一种。可知作者哪一种也没学。所以答案为Helearnednoneofthem.（52）Hoppingtrains.细节理解题。根据we'dhavetohop（转乘）trainstogetthere.我们不得不转乘火车到的。可知作者要转乘才能到达他想去的地方。所以答案为Hoppingtrains。（53）No，shewasn't.细节判断题。根据Iaskedherhowmuchfarthershehadtogoandshetoldmethatherhomewastwohoursbacktheotherway.可知我问她还要走多远，她告诉我她在另一条路回去两个小