山东省青岛2024高三英语上学期11月期中考试试题老师版

山东省青岛市2024上学期期中考试高三试题(英语)老师版考试时间：120分钟试卷满分：150分第一部分听力(共两节20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分)第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.WhenisMary’sflightexpectedtoarriveinLondon?A.Atabout7:30.B.Atabout6:00.C.Atabout5:30.2.Whatdoesthemanaskthewomantodo?A.Cookdinner.B.Buyfood.C.Havearest.3.Wherewillthemanprobablydotennispractice?A.Inagym.B.Inapark.C.Inagarden.4.Whatarethespeakersmainlydiscussing?A.Sometickets.B.Afestival.C.Amusichall.5.Howdoesthewomanfeelabouttheman?A.Angry.B.Envious.C.Pleased.其次节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选岀最佳选项.听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟：听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Ahotel.B.ATVprogram.C.Atrip.7.Whatwillthespeakersdonext?A.Arrangetheluggage.B.Gobackhome.C.Cookameal.听第7段材料,回答第8、9题。8.Whydoesthemanwanttowearthehat?A.He’llattendaparty.B.Hedoesn’thaveahat.C.Hewantstolookcool.9.Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Brotherandsister.B.Motherandson.C.Husbandandwife.听第8段材料.回答第10至12题。10.WhydoesthemancometoAfrica?A.Todobusiness.B.Togoonholiday.C.Topublishbooks.11.Howwillthemangettotheuniversity?A.Bybus.B.Bytaxi.C.Onfoot.12.Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?A.Inahotel.B.Inabookstore.C.Inacompany.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13.WhatdoesSarahdo?A.Aweatherforecaster.B.Acollegestudent.C.Aclubowner.14.WhydidSarahwatchweatherforecastsonTVwhenshewasyoung?A.Toreadweathermaps.B.Tofindgoodweatherfortraveling.C.Toanswerherscienceteacher’squestions.15.WhatdidSarah’smotherdotohelpher?A.Sheexplainedtheweatherchartspatiently.B.Sherecordedtheweathereveryday.C.Sheboughtacomputerforher.16.Whatdidtheweatherclubmembersdo?A.Theysetupequipmenttostudytheweather.B.Theyproducedabookabouttheweather.C.Theykeptadailyweatherdiary.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.WhoisPlaytimeOnlinedesignedfor?A.4-6-years-olds.B.5-10-years-olds.C.12-16-years-olds.18.WhatisMovingUPaimedat?A.Designinggamesforchildrentolearnskills.B.Developingchildren’sskillsatmathandlanguage.C.Promotingthedevelopmentofteachers’qualities.19.HowcanNetAwarehelpteenagers?A.Byrecommendingsafewebsites.B.ByteachingthemtousetheInternetproperly.C.BygettingthemtorealizethedangeroftheInternet.20.WhydoschoolstudentsloveTestDoctors?A.Itofferstipsonimprovinghealth.B.Ithasusefulsuggestionsforexams.C.Itpresentslecturesbyspecialists.其次部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给A、B、C、D的四个选项中选出最佳选项。APicnicShelterReservationsVancouverParksandRecreationmaintainsfourcoveredpicnicsheltersthatareavailableforreservationatthefollowingparks:●FisherBasinCommunityPark●LeroyHaagenMemorialPark●MarineCommunityPark●MarshallCommunityParkPicnicsheltersareavailabletoreservebetweenMay1andSeptember30eachyear.Reservationsarefortheentiredaywithareservationfeeof$100.Whennotreserved,sheltersareavailableforfree.Reserveapicnicshelterbycalling360-487-7100.ShelterReservationCancellationPolicyIfcanceledonemonthormorebeforetherentaldate,100%ofthefeewillberefunded.Ifcanceled1-4weeksbeforetherentaldate,75%ofthefeewillberefunded.Norefundswillbegrantedifthereservationiscanceledlessthanoneweekpriortotherentaldate.FrequentlyAskedQuestionsQ:Isthereawaytofindoutifaneventisalreadyscheduledatapark?Yes.ContactMarshallCommunityCenterat360-487-7100tofindoutabouteventstakingplaceinourparks.Q:Whatfacilitiesareincludedwithapicnicshelterreservation?Reservationsincludeuseofallpicnictableslocatedwithintheshelterandelectricity(thereisnoelectricityatMarinePark)Playgroundfacilitiesandrestroomswillbesharedwiththepublic.ParkUsePermitsDependingonthetypeofeventyou’rehosting,youwillneedtogetaParkUsePermitfromVancouverParksandRecreation.AParkUsePermitgivesyoupermissiontobringspecialitemsandequipmentintothepark.1.Accordingtothepassage,Vancouverpicnicshelters________.A.don’tallowvisitorstohosteventsB.areavailabletoreserveallyearroundC.canbeusedforfreewhennotreservedD.don’tofferpicnictablesorelectricity2.Ifyoucancel3weeksbeforetherentaldate,howmuchmoneywillyougetback?A.$100. B.$75. C.$25. D.0.3.Whereisthispassagemostlikelyfrom?A.Abookreview. B.Anewsreport.C.Asciencejournal. D.Atravelbrochure.【答案】1.C2.B3.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇应用文。本文主要介绍的是如何预定温哥华公园和消遣中心的野餐庇护所，包括预定费用、取消预定政策、和常见问题等。【1题详解】细微环节理解题。依据第一段“VancouverParksandRecreationmaintainsfourcoveredpicnicsheltersthatareavailableforreservationatthefollowingparks.(温哥华公园和消遣中心有四个带顶的野餐庇护所，可在以下公园预订。)”和其次段倒数其次句“Whennotreserved,sheltersareavailableforfree.(假如没有预订，庇护所将免费运用。)”可知，本文主要介绍的是温哥华公园和消遣中心的野餐庇护所，假如这些庇护所没有被预订，可以被免费运用，由此可知，温哥华野餐庇护所未被预订时可免费运用。故选C项。【2题详解】细微环节理解题。依据其次段其次句“Reservationsarefortheentiredaywithareservationfeeof$100.(预订是一成天的，预订费为100美元。)”可知，预订费为100美元，依据ShelterReservationCancellationPolicy的第一句“Ifcanceled1-4weeksbeforetherentaldate,75%ofthefeewillberefunded.(假如在租赁日期前1—4周取消，将退还75%的费用。)”可知，假如在租赁日期前1—4周取消预定，将退还75%的费用，也就是75美元，由此可知，假如你在租赁日期前三周取消，你能拿回75美元。故选B项。【3题详解】推理推断题。通读文章，结合文章题目“PicnicShelterReservations(野餐庇护所预定)”可知，本文主要介绍的是如何预定野餐庇护所，通常在旅行或出门游玩时人们会进行野餐，由此可知，这篇文章与旅行和闲暇活动有关，最有可能出自一本旅行手册。故选D项。BRickGuidottiputasidehiscareerasafashionphotographertoturnhislenstopeoplelivingwithgenetic,physicalandbehavioraldifferences.Hesayswhatchangedhisperceptionofbeautywasachanceencounterwithanalbino(患白化病的)girl.“Iwasjusttiredofpeopletellingmewhowasbeautiful.EveryseasonthatfacewouldchangebutIwasalwaystoldwhowasbeautiful.Asanartist,Idon’tseebeautyjustoncoversofmagazines.Iseeiteverywhere.Sothatwasmyoriginalintention—thatopenedmyeyesalittlewiderandwider.”GuidottihascreatedPositiveExposureanot-for-profitorganizationthatusesphotographyandvideototransformpublicperceptionsandpromoteaworldwheredifferencesarecelebrated.GuidottiandPositiveExposurearefeaturedinanewdocumentarycalledOnBeauty.OneofthewomenfeaturedinthefilmisJayneWaithera.“IneverthoughtIwasbeautifulbecausenobodysaidthattome,butmeetinghimwasmyprofoundmoment.Irememberthatparticularday.HetookmypictureandIfeltsogoodlikeIfeltthere’ssomebodywho,like,reallylovesmeandseesmeforwhoIamandwhoseesmemorethanmycondition.”GuidottiistravelingfromcitytocitytopromoteOnBeauty.Hesayshistourisnotaboutmoney;it’saboutthemessage.“AsItravelfromcommunitytocommunity,I’mtakingphotographsandI’mempoweringindividualswithapositivesenseofwhotheyare.They’reseeingbeautyintheirreflectionbutI’malsoempoweringtheirfamiliesandtheyinturnareempoweringtheircommunitiesaswell.Allisbasedonthephilosophyofchange—howyousee,howyouchange.”4.WhydidGuidottichangehiscareer?A.Becausehewantedtocreatehisowncompany.BBecausethebeautyoncoversofmagazinesisnotbeautiful.C.Becausehecouldn’tearnenoughmoneyfromhisformercareer.D.Becausehiscomprehensionofbeautychangedowingtoanalbinogirl.5.WhatcanweknowaboutPositiveExposure?A.Itmakesthepublicmorebeautiful.B.ItbringsalotofmoneyforGuidotti.C.Itwelcomesdifferencesintheworld.D.Itmakesphotographymorepopular.6.WhatdoestheauthorwanttotellusbymentioningJayneinParagraph4?A.Jaynewasbeautifulindeed.B.Jayne’spicturewasmorebeautifulthanherself.C.ItwasunfairthatnobodydiscoveredJayne’sbeauty.D.PhotographsgaveJayneapositivesenseofwhoshewas.7.Whatdoestheauthormainlyintendtotellusinthelastparagraph?A.Weshouldtravelfrequently.B.Communitieshaveagreatinfluenceoneveryone.C.Weshouldmakecontributionstoourcommunity.D.Yourattitudetoseeingtheworlddecidesyourbehavior.【答案】4.D5.C6.D7.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲的是与一位白化病女孩的偶然相遇使RickGuidotti对美的看法发生了变更。他放弃了时尚摄影师的职业生涯，将他的镜头转向那些在遗传、生理和行为方面有差异的人，并拍摄了一部名为《何为美》的纪录片来努力推动一个赞美不同和差异的世界。【4题详解】细微环节理解题。依据第一段“RickGuidottiputasidehiscareerasafashionphotographertoturnhislenstopeoplelivingwithgenetic,physicalandbehavioraldifferences.(RickGuidotti放下了时尚摄影师的职业，把镜头转向了那些在基因、身体和行为上存在差异的人。)”和其次段中的“Hesayswhatchangedhisperceptionofbeautywasachanceencounterwithanalbino(患白化病的)girl.(他说，变更他对美的看法是与一个白化病女孩的一次偶遇。)”可知，与白化病女孩的偶然相遇变更了他对美的看法，这件事使得他变更了自己的职业。故选D。【5题详解】细微环节理解题。依据第三段中的“GuidottihascreatedPositiveExposure,anot-for-profitorganizationthatusesphotographyandvideototransformpublicperceptionsandpromoteaworldwheredifferencesarecelebrated.(Guidotti创建了PositiveExposure，这是一个非营利性组织，通过摄影和视频变更公众的看法，促进一个敬重差异的世界。)”可知，PositiveExposure欢迎世界中的差异。故选C。【6题详解】推理推断题。依据第四段的“IneverthoughtIwasbeautifulbecausenobodysaidthattome,butmeetinghimwasmyprofoundmoment.Irememberthatparticularday.HetookmypictureandIfeltsogoodlikeIfeltthere’ssomebodywho,like,reallylovesmeandseesmeforwhoIamandwhoseesmemorethanmycondition.(我从来不认为自己美丽，因为没人这么说我，但遇见他是我人生中最深刻的时刻。我记得那一天。他给我拍了照片，我感觉很好，就像有人真的爱我，看我是谁，看我比我的病情更重要。)”可以推断出，照片让Jyane对自己有了正面的相识。故选D。【7题详解】推理推断题。依据最终一段中的“Allisbasedonthephilosophyofchange—howyousee,howyouchange.(这一切都基于“变更”的哲学——你怎么看，你就怎么变更。)”可知，作者通过这一段告知读者，你看待世界的看法确定了你的行为。故选D。CPsychologicalscienceisfullofinterestingtopics,manyofwhichtellacoherentpictureofhumannature,butsomeofwhichcreateseeminglycontradictorystories.Acaseinpointisthetrickyandmisunderstoodoverlapbetweenstrength-basedscienceandtheresearchonnarcissism(自恋).Thereisnowconvincingevidencetoshowthatnarcissismisontherise,especiallyinouryouth.Someresearcherssaythatabout25%ofyoungpeopleshowingsymptomsofnarcissism.TheinflatedegoofGenerationMeisreflectedinrealityTV,celebrityworship,andout-of-controlconsumerism.Wearecorrecttobeconcernedaboutthisphenomenon,butourfearthatallkidsarepotentialnarcissistshascausedanunhelpfulcounter-reactiontoapproachesthatseektomakeourchildrenandteensfeelgoodaboutthemselves.Inmyownresearchonstrength-basedparenting,itiscommonforpeopletowronglythinkthisapproachtobethecauseofnarcissism.Theirargumentseemstobethatachildwhoknowstheirstrengthswillautomaticallyviewthemselvesasbetterthaneveryoneelse.Itisarguedthattheself-assurancethatcomeswithidentifyingandusingtheirpositivequalitieswillmakeachildselfishanduncaring.Genuineconfidenceaboutone’sstrengthsiscategorizedasover-confidence;desirableself-knowledgeisbrandedasexcessiveself-admiration.Whydoesthisoccur?It’spartlybecausemoreisknownaboutnarcissismthanstrengths.Whilestrengthspsychologyhaslargelystayedwithinthelimitofacademicjournals,researchonnarcissismhasmadeitswayintothemassmediaandourdailylife.TheNewYorkTimesnotedthatnarcissismisafavoredtopicandthatpeopleeverywherearediagnosingotherswithit.Thefearthatastrength-basedapproachwillcausenarcissismalsooccursbecauseofourbinary(非此即彼)thinking.Wemistakenlybelievethatonecannotbebothconfidentandhumble.WefocusonDonaldTrumpandKimKardashianratherthanMahatmaGandhiandMotherTeresa.Withoutconfidenceintheirstrengths,GandhiandMotherTeresacouldn’thaveachievedsomuch,andyetmodestyandselflessnessaretheirqualities.Whenweassumethatstrength-focusisthesameasaself-focus,wefailtomaketheideaclearthatpeoplewhoknowtheirstrengthsare,actually,morelikelytobepro-socialandreadytohelpothers.It’seasytoconcludethateveryyoungpersonisatriskofbecominganarcissistbutI’dliketostandupforthethousandsofyoungkidsIhaveworkedwithwhoarecaring,thoughtfulandhumble—evenwhentheyusetheirstrengths.8.Whichofthefollowingopinionsmaythewriteragreewith?A.Strength-basedparentingleadstonarcissism.B.It’sunhelpfulforustomakeourchildrenfeelgoodaboutthemselves.C.Tosayallkidsarepotentialnarcissistsisoverstatingthecase.D.Childrenwhoknowtheirstrengthstendtobemoreselfishanduncaring.9.Whyareteenagers’strengthsoftenconsideredasnarcissism?A.Thereisalackofnarcissisminourcommonsense.B.Academicjournalsreportmoreonnarcissism.C.Manypeoplearediagnosedwithnarcissismbydoctors.D.Thegeneralpublichaslessaccesstostrengthspsychology.10.What’stheauthor’sattitudetowardsyoungkids’strength-basedapproaches?A.Skeptical B.Favorable. C.Neutral. D.Doubtful.11.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.Teens’ConfidenceMisunderstood B.Teens’NarcissismDiagnosisC.Teens’Strength-basedApproach D.Teens’PsychologyResearch【答案】8.C9.D10.B11.A【解析】【导语】本文为一篇争论文。始终以来，人们对个人优势和自恋两者之间相识不足，导致了对青少年的自信产生误会。作者说明了对青少年的自信被误会为自恋的这一现象，及其产生缘由，并认为：以突出孩子们优势为基础的教养方式是有益的。【8题详解】推理推断题。依据第三段“Wearecorrecttobeconcernedaboutthisphenomenon,butourfearthatallkidsarepotentialnarcissistshascausedanunhelpfulcounter-reactiontoapproachesthatseektomakeourchildrenandteensfeelgoodaboutthemselves.(我们对这种现象的担忧是正确的，但是我们担忧全部的孩子都是潜在的自恋者，这对那些试图让孩子和青少年自我感觉良好的方法造成了无益的反作用力。)”以及最终一段“It’seasytoconcludethateveryyoungpersonisatriskofbecominganarcissistbutI’dliketostandupforthethousandsofyoungkidsIhaveworkedwithwhoarecaring,thoughtfulandhumble—evenwhentheyusetheirstrengths.(很简洁得出这样的结论：每个年轻人都有成为自恋狂的风险，但我想为与我共事过的成千上万个关切他人、爱护他人、谦逊的孩子们说话——即使他们发挥了自己的特长。)”可推知，作者认为不是全部孩子都是潜在的自恋者，这样的说法过于夸大事实。故选C项。【9题详解】推理推断题。依据第四段最终一句“Genuineconfidenceaboutone’sstrengthsiscategorizedasover-confidence;desirableself-knowledgeisbrandedasexcessiveself-admiration.(对自己实力的真正自信被归类为过度自信；合适的自我相识被认为是过度的自我观赏。)”，以及第五段中的“Whydoesthisoccur?It’spartlybecausemoreisknownaboutnarcissismthanstrengths.Whilestrengthspsychologyhaslargelystayedwithinthelimitofacademicjournals,researchonnarcissismhasmadeitswayintothemassmediaandourdailylife.(为什么会出现这种状况？这在肯定程度上是因为人们对自恋的了解多于对优点的了解。虽然优势心理学在很大程度上还停留在学术期刊的范围内，但对自恋的探讨已经进入了大众媒体和我们的日常生活。)”可知，青少年因优势产生的自信经常被误认为是自恋，是因为大众对自恋很熟识，而对优势心理学接触较少、相对生疏。故选D项。【10题详解】推理推断题。依据第四段第一句“Inmyownresearchonstrength-basedparenting,itiscommonforpeopletowronglythinkthisapproachtobethecauseofnarcissism.(在我自己对基于优势的教养方式的探讨中，人们普遍错误地认为这种方式是自恋的缘由)”可知，人们认为基于优势的育儿方式会导致孩子自恋，但其实他们是错误的；依据最终一段“It’seasytoconcludethateveryyoungpersonisatriskofbecominganarcissistbutI’dliketostandupforthethousandsofyoungkidsIhaveworkedwithwhoarecaring,thoughtfulandhumble—evenwhentheyusetheirstrengths.(很简洁得出这样的结论：每个年轻人都有成为自恋狂的风险，但我想为与我共事过的成千上万个关切他人、爱护他人、谦逊的孩子们说话——即使他们发挥了自己的特长。)”可推知，在探讨基于优势的教养方式中，看到了成千上万个关切他人、爱护他人、谦逊的孩子们，说明这个教养方式是可行的，不能把孩子自恋贵就在这种育儿方式上，故作者很赞成基于优势的教养方式。故选B项。【11题详解】主旨大意题。依据第一段“Psychologicalscienceisfullofinterestingtopics,manyofwhichtellacoherentpictureofhumannature,butsomeofwhichcreateseeminglycontradictorystories.Acaseinpointisthetrickyandmisunderstoodoverlapbetweenstrength-basedscienceandtheresearchonnarcissism.(心理科学充溢了好玩的话题，其中很多都连贯地描述了人性，但有些则创建了看似冲突的故事。其中一例是，在基于优点的心理科学与自恋探讨之间存在微妙而被误会的重叠部分。)”，文章接下来对青少年的自信被误会这一现象及缘由的具体阐述可知，文章主要介绍了青少年的自信被误会这一现象以及产生的缘由。再结合最终一段“It’seasytoconcludethateveryyoungpersonisatriskofbecominganarcissistbutI’dliketostandupforthethousandsofyoungkidsIhaveworkedwithwhoarecaring,thoughtfulandhumble—evenwhentheyusetheirstrengths.(人们很简洁得出这样的结论：每个年轻人都有成为自恋狂的风险，但我想为与我共事过的成千上万个关切他人、爱护他人、谦逊的孩子们说话——即使他们发挥了自己的特长。)”可知，D选项“Teens’ConfidenceMisunderstood(被误会的青少年的自信)”能够概括全文，适合作本文的标题。故选A项。DWhatkindofpeoplecanbecomescientists?Whenagroupofresearchersposedthatquestiontoninth-and10th-graders,almosteverystudentgavesuchresponsesas“Peoplewhoworkhard”or“Anyonewhoseemsinterestedinthefieldofscience.”Manyofthesesamestudentsstruggledtoimaginethemselvesasscientists,citingconcernssuchas“I’mnotgoodatscience”and“EvenifIworkhard,Iwillnotdowell.”It’seasyforthemtoseeascientist’sworkasarisingfromaninborntalent.Butforhighschoolstudents,learningmoreaboutsomestrugglesofscientistscanhelpstudentsfeelmoremotivatedtolearnscience.ResearchersatTeachersCollege,ColumbiaUniversityandtheUniversityofWashingtondesignedaninterventiontochangestudents’beliefsthatscientificachievementdependsonabilityratherthaneffortbyexposingstudentstostoriesofhowaccomplishedscientistsstruggledandovercamechallengesintheirscientificefforts.Duringthestudy,thestudentsreadoneofthreetypesofstoriesaboutAlbertEinstein,MarieCurieandMichaelFaraday.Intellectual(智力的)strugglestories:storiesabouthowscientists“struggledintellectually,”suchasmakingmistakeswhileaddressingascientificproblemandlearningfromthem.Lifestrugglestories:storiesabouthowscientistsstruggledintheirpersonallives,suchasnotgivingupinthefaceofpovertyorlackoffamilysupport.Achievementstories:storiesabouthowscientistsmadegreatdiscoveries,withoutanydiscussionofcoexistingchallenges.Researchersfoundthatstudentswhoheardeithertypeof“strugglestories”improvedtheirscienceperformanceafter-intervention,comparedtostudentsinthecontrolgroup.Theeffectwasespeciallypronouncedforlowerperformingstudents,forwhomexposuretostrugglingstoriesledtosignificantlybetterscience-classperformancethanlow-performingstudentswhoreadachievementstories.Inaddition,studentswhoreadstrugglestoriesreportedfeelingmorepersonallyconnectedtothescientists.Byrecognizingascientist’sstrugglesandintroducingthegrowthmindsetheorsheappliedtoaccomplishgreatworks,thestudentswereabletoempathize(共情)withthescientistsduringtheirownstruggles.12.Whydostudentsfailtoimaginethemselvesasscientists?A.Theylackinterestinscience. B.TheyareshortofconfidenceC.Theydon’thaveinborntalent. D.Theyhavenoabilitytostudyscience13.What’sthepurposeoftheintervention?A.Tointroducesomeinspirationalstoriestostudents.B.Toexposestudentstoscientists’greatachievements.C.Toensurestudentswillbecomescientistsinthefuture.D.Toclearstudents’misunderstandingsofscientificwork.14.Theunderlinedword“pronounced”inthelastparagraphisclosestinmeaningto________.A.minimal B.noticeable C.doubtful D.long-lasting15.Whatcanwelearnfromtheresearch?A.Scienceabilityhasnothingtodowithefforts.B.Studentsaremoremotivatedbyachievementstories.C.Scientists’strugglestoriescaninfluencereaders’beliefs.D.Low-performingstudentstendtofeelconnectedtoscientists.【答案】12.B13.D14.B15.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲解并描述了探讨人员向九年级和十年级的学生提出“什么样的人可以成为科学家”这个问题时，几乎每个学生的回答都是“努力学习的人”或“对科学领域感爱好的人”。为了解除这种误会，探讨人员设计了一项干预，即了解更多关于科学家的奋斗可以帮助学生更有动力学习科学，结果发觉，听过任何一种“奋斗故事”的学生在干预后的科学表现都有所提高。【12题详解】推理推断题。依据文章其次段内容“Manyofthesesamestudentsstruggledtoimaginethemselvesasscientists,citingconcernssuchas‘I’mnotgoodatscience’and‘EvenifIworkhard,Iwillnotdowell.’It’seasyforthemtoseeascientist’sworkasarisingfromaninborntalent.(同样是这些学生中的很多人都很难将自己想象成科学家，理由是“我不擅长科学”和“即使我努力工作，也不会做得很好”。他们很简洁将科学家的工作视为天生的才能。)”可知，这些学生认为能够成为科学家是天生的才能，“自己不擅长”或“即使努力也无法做好”这样的理由可以看作为他们缺乏自信，从而很难将自己想象成科学家。故选B项。【13题详解】推理推断题。依据文章第三段内容“ResearchersatTeachersCollege,ColumbiaUniversityandtheUniversityofWashingtondesignedaninterventiontochangestudents’beliefsthatscientificachievementreflectsabilityratherthaneffortbyexposingstudentstostoriesofhowaccomplishedscientistsstruggledandovercamechallengesintheirscientificefforts.(老师学院、哥伦比亚高校和华盛顿高校的探讨人员设计了一种干预措施，让学生了解有成就的科学家在科学努力中如何努力和克服挑战的故事，从而变更学生们认为科学成就反映的是实力而不是努力的观念。)”可知，这项干预通过让学生们了解科学家们是如何努力奋斗克服挑战的，以澄清学生对科学工作的误会。故选D项。【14题详解】词义揣测题。分析可知，非限制性定语从句“forwhomexposuretostrugglingstoriesledtosignificantlybetterscience-classperformancethanlow-performingstudentswhoreadachievementstories.(对他们来说，接触奋斗故事比阅读成就故事的成果差的学生在科学课上表现更好)”的先行词为“lowerperformingstudents(成果差的学生)”，因此可知，在“干预”后，接触奋斗故事的成果差的学生和阅读成就故事的成果差的学生在科学课上都有了好的表现，且二者之间通过对比出现了“更好”，由此可推知，干预对于成果差的学生效果显著，因此，“Theeffectwasespeciallypronounced”应是“效果显著”的意思，由此可推知，“pronounced”应是“明显的，显著的”含义，与选项B“noticeable(自不待言的)”含义相同。故选B项。【15题详解】推理推断题。依据文章末尾内容“Byrecognizingascientist’sstrugglesandintroducingthegrowthmindsetheorsheappliedtoaccomplishgreatworks,thestudentswereabletoempathize(共情)withthescientistsduringtheirownstruggles.(通过相识科学家的奋斗，并介绍他或她在完成宏大工作时所运用的成长心态，学生们能够在科学家的奋斗过程中感同身受。)”可知，通过了解一个科学家的奋斗史，学生们使得自己在奋斗过程中能够产生与科学家的共鸣，从而能够变更之前的对于科学家工作的误会。由此可推知，科学家的奋斗故事可以影响读者的信念。故选C项。其次节(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分))阅读下列短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项,选项中有两项为多余选项。LearntoCiteSources(引用资料)Duringyouruniversityeducation,you’llbeexposedtoideasandscientifictheoriesofscholarsandscientists.Unavoidably,yourownideaswillbeshapedbytheideasyoucomeacross.___16___Thatmeansyoushouldgobeyondwhatyoulearninyourtextbooksorinthelibrary.Youroriginalworkisthebasisforyourprofessor’sevaluationofyourperformance.Thus,academichonestyisfundamentalinyouruniversityeducation.Itdemandsthatyoucitethesourcematerialsyoubaseyourownworkon.___17___Correctlycitingyoursourceshelpsyoudistinguishyourownideasfromthoseofotherscholars.Onthereaders’side,itpermitsareadertodeterminethedepthofyourresearch.___18___Onthecontrary,lackofcitingwillonlyraiseyourreader’sdoubt.Soyouneedtolearnwhentociteandhowtoprovideanadequateoraccuratereferencelist.Ifyoufailtociteyoursources,whetherdeliberatelyorcarelessly,youwillbefoundresponsibleforplagiarism(抄袭).___19___Ifyouarenotsure,askyourprofessorforguidancebeforesubmittingthepaperorreport.Keepinmindthisgeneralrule:whenindoubt,cite!___20___Forexample,studentsfromEastAsiamaythinkthatcopyingdirectlyfromsourcesistheproperwaytodoresearch.StudentsinFrance,preparingforthefinalexamination,maybeencouragedtomemorizewholepassagesandcopythemintopapers.Thoseculturaldifferencescanleadtofalseassumptionsaboutacademicexpectationsinthecountryyoustudyin.A.Someuniversitystudentsmaycheatindifferentways.B.Theseincludeotherscholars’ideas,figures,graphsandsoon.C.Theacademicchallengeyoufaceistomakesomethingoriginal.D.Often,studentswanttouseothers’opinionstosupporttheirownessays.E.Italsoallowsareadertoappreciateyouroriginalcontributiontotheresearch.F.Forinternationalstudentsitisimportanttoknowlocalacademicexpectations.G.Notknowingacademicregulationsisanunacceptableexcuseforsuchbehavior.【答案】16.C17.B18.E19.G20.F【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。在高校期间，你将接触到学者和科学家的思想和科学理论。不行避开的，你自己的想法会被你遇到的想法所影响。因此会不行避开须要引用原材料的状况，文章针对如何正确地引用原材料进行了一些说明和建议。【16题详解】依据下文Thatmeansyoushouldgobeyondwhatyoulearninyourtextbooksorinthelibrary.Youroriginalworkisthebasisforyourprofessor’sevaluationofyourperformance.（这意味着你应当超越你在课本或图书馆学到的东西。你的原创作品是教授评价你表现的基础。）可推想上文是提出：你所面对的学术挑战是要原创，故选C。【17题详解】依据上文Itdemandsthatyoucitethesourcematerialsyoubaseyourownworkon.（它要求在基于你自己工作的基础上引用材料。）下文列举材料包括哪些内容：这些包括其他学者的想法，数字，图表等等。故选B。【18题详解】依据上文Onthereaders’side,itpermitsareadertodeterminethedepthofyourresearch.（在读者方面，它允许读者确定你的探讨的深度。）可知是列举引用材料的优点，可对应到E选项：它也能让读者观赏你对探讨的原创性贡献。故选E。【19题详解】依据下文Ifyouarenotsure,askyourprofessorforguidancebeforesubmittingthepaperorreport.（假如你不确定，在提交论文或报告之前向你的教授寻求指导。）可知上文中的不了解学术规章制度并不是抄袭的借口。故选G。【20题详解】依据下文Forexample,studentsfromEastAsiamaythinkthatcopyingdirectlyfromsourcesistheproperwaytodoresearch.例如，东亚的学生可能认为干脆从资料中抄袭是做探讨的正确方法。可知本段是将对于国际学生来说，了解当地的学术规定是很重要的。故选F。第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Iusedtowatchherfrommykitchenwindowwhensheplayedwithboysontheplayground.Sheseemedsosmallasshe____21____herwaythroughthecrowdofboys.Aseaofchildren,andyettome,she____22____fromthemall.She____23____toshootjumpshotsjustovertheirheadsandintothenetandnoonecouldstopher.Ibegantonoticeherpracticingdribbling(运球)andshootingaloneoverandoveragain,sometimesuntildark.OnedayIaskedherwhyshepracticedsomuch.Without____24____,shesaid,“Iwanttoplaycollegebasketball.MyfathertoldmeifIwasgoodenough,Iwouldgeta(n)____25____,whichwastheonlywayformetogotocollege.MyDaddysaidifthedreamwasbigenough,thefactsdidn’t____26____.”Onedayinhersenioryear,Isawhersittinginthegrass,headburiedinherhands.I____27____herdisappointmentandIfeltmyownthroattighten.Isatdowninthecoolgrassbesideherand____28____askedwhatwaswrong.“Oh,nothing,”cameasoft____29____.“Iamjusttoo____30____.”Thecoachtoldherthatat5.5feetshewouldprobablynevergettoplayforatoprankedteam.Shewasheartbroken.Butafterawhile,she____31____herheadfromherhandsandtoldmethatherfathersaidthosecoacheswerewrong.Theyjustdidnotunderstandthe____32____ofadream.Hetoldherthatifshereallywantedtoplayforagoodcollege,ifshetrulywantedascholarship,nothingcouldstopherexceptonething–herown____33____.Thenextyear,assheandherteamwenttotheNorthernCaliforniaChampionshipgame,shewasseenbyacollegerecruiter.Shewasindeed____34____ascholarshiptoaDivisionI,NCAAwomen’sbasketballteamandherdreamcametrue.Thewords____35____inmyearsagain:Ifthedreamisbigenough,thefactsdon’tcount.21.A.felt B.lost C.overlooked D.muscled22.A.stoodout B.cameout C.figuredout D.madeout23.A.intended B.managed C.expected D.pretended24.A.satisfaction B.effort C.hesitation D.doubt25.A.scholarship B.budget C.allowance D.reward26.A.care B.count C.spread D.control27.A.expressed B.touched C.sensed D.grasped28.A.quietly B.eagerly C.initially D.generously29.A.step B.reply C.relief