高三英语下学期专项复习：名词性从句讲义

高中语法精讲七V名词性从句〉

1.分类：主宾表同

2.引导词的区分:

主语从句同位语从句表语从句宾语从句

that（不可省）that（可省）

whetherwhether/if

[]宾语从句只用whether情况\\

I

111-whethertodo

2.whether....ornot.....

3.whether....or…

4.discuss后面用that

特殊疑问词

宾语从句中that不省略情况

l.that从句和主句之间有插入语，或者从句之间有插入语

Eg.Hejudgedthat,becausehewasachild,hedidnotunderstand.

2.两个名词性从句并列作宾语

Eg.Ibelievewherethereisawillthereisawayandthatsuccessis

themotheroffailure.

3.that作介宾:

Eg.Thetwoaccidentsdifferinthattheyhappenedindifferent

years.

3.question和doubt+同位语从句（引导词区别）

肯定句+whether一Ihaveaquestionwhetherhewillsucceed.

否定句/疑问句+that—Ihavenoquestionthathewillsucceed.

4.Besure用法：

肯定句/疑问句+that—Iamsurethatyouhavesomebooks.

否定句+whether/if一Iamunsurewhether/ifyouhaveanybooks.

5.名词性从句是复合句时，that也要写。（双连接词）

①It'sunknownthatwhenhewenttoBeijingdependsonhis

mother.

②Thequestionisthatwhatyoushoulddotohelphim.（that省略，

备注：that在句子①中作为名词性从句（主语从句）的引导词

what在句子②中作为名词性从句（宾语从句）的引导词，所以去that

6.What引导从句：陈述语气；副词where/when.等不做主/宾成分。

①指代叫不出来名称的事物：

Eg.Hebrokewhatisusedtocooltheai门ntheroom.

②描述人物/事物的特性

Eg.Heisn'twhatheusedtobe.

③对"whatisleftof.…"理解

Eg.Heatewhatisleftoftehbread.

7.Where/when/how/why引导的名词性从句可以+介词

引导状语从句，不+介词

Eg.MyhouseisclosetowhereIwork.

FromwhereIlive,Icanseealotofbirds.

8.感叹句作名词性从句：Iwastaughttounderstandhowimportant

educationistothechildren'sfuture.

9.When表示:"..…时候的事情"：Irememberwhenwehadclasses

intheroom.

10.Itisknowntousthat..…（主语从句）

Asisknowntousthat（定语从句）

Whatisknowntousisthat.....（表语从句）

11.连接代词/连接副词+ever用法：加强语气（通常在简单句中）

连接代词:whatever;whichever;whoever;whomever

连接副词:whenever;wherever;however

备注：句中明确有选择对象则whichever;否则whatever

whoever还是whomever,看的是在从句中作的成分

名词性从句让步状语从句

连接代词+ever连接代/副词+ever=nomatter+连接代/副词

陈述语气可省略"系动词"：Theoldhousemustbe

repairednomatterwhat/whateverthecost

(is).

陈述语气；主将从现，主情从现

Eg.Whoeverhemeet,hewillgetdressed.

12.宾语从句中的间接引语和直接引语互相转换规则：

时态语序不定式表达连接词

主现从任意Heaskedustobethat

主过从过去陈述语序quiet.whether/if

客观谚语现在时=Hesaid,"bequiet"!特殊疑问词

◎特殊：用say/tell/hear/learn转述别人的话，如果情况还存在，

用一般现在时。

◎特殊：时间状语的变化

直接宾语一间接宾语

now—thentomorrow—thenext(following)day

today-thatdaytwodaysago-*twodaysbefore

yesterday-*thedaybeforenextyear->thenextyear

lastweek—theweekbefore

高中语法精讲八〈状语从句〉

1.状语从句时态规律主将从现（时状/条状/让状）

2.时间状语从句的引导词分类：

常用引导词特殊引导词

when;as;while;theminute;themoment;

before;afterthesecond;theinstant;

since;until;immediately;directly;instantly

till;assoonasbythetime;nexttime;every/eachtime;

nosooner....than…

hardly…when/before......一...就…

scarcely....when/before..…..句首，倒装

例1:Hehadsoonerarrivedhomethanthebellrang.

=Josoonerhadhearrivedhomehanthebellrang.

例2:Hehadhardlyarrivedhomewhenthebellrang.

=Hardlyhadhearrivedhomewhenthebellrang.

例3:Scarcelyhadhearrivedhomewhenthebellrang.

◎注意：时态问题（主过完从过去）

3.when用法：+V瞬/V延：主从句动作前后发生

①从属连词:“当…

②连词："既然，考虑到"=since=consideringthat

①并列连词：“这时”

bedoing.....when......:正在做....这时.....

beabouttodo.....when......:正要做.…这时.....

haddone.....when.......:刚做.…这时.…

4.as用法：+V除：主从句动作几乎同时发生

①从第连词：“一.…就…

②连词："随着时间的推移"#when丰while

5.while用法：+V延：主从句动作并列同时发生

①连词："当…."表"进行：HeissingingwhileIamdancing.

②并列连词：“然而”，表两情况对比HeistallwhileIamshort.

6.theminute;themoment;thesecond;theinstant用法：=when

7.immediately;directly;instantly作连词

8.on/upon"一…就"：

Eg.Onarrivingthere,theygotdowntoworkimmediately.

9.bythetime;nexttime;every/eachtime;everyday弓I导时间状语

从句，可以用一般现在时表将来时。

10.forthefirsttime作状语,后面不能+"从句

Eg.Iwentthereforthefirsttime.

11.Before特殊句型用法：

It....+时间段+before+....

Eg.Itisthreeweeksbeforewemeetagain.

longbefore不久（adv短语）=soon

beforelong很久以刖（adv短语）

longbefore+时状从:在…前很早就…

12.till和until的用法：两者放肯定句，放后面，可互换

V延+训（通常不句首）not（+V瞬）until....

WaittillIcallyou.Shedidn'tarriveuntil6o,clock.

13.原因状语从句:

常用引导词特殊引导词

because;since;as;for（引导并列句）nowthat既然（达到.…再做….）

①回答why用法inthat:从某方面来说

l看成（that+宾从，且that不省略W

Because②强调句

③被not修饰时seeingthat;

becauseof+n/prop/doing/what从句consideringthat;

（作状语,不作表语）giventhat

Hisabsencewasbecauseoftherain.

（错误）

固定句型:Thereasonwhy......isthat.....(thattbecause)

for:对结果加以推断：Hemustbeill,forheisabsenttoday.

注意：主系表+that,可以引导原因状语从句：

Eg.I'mexcitedthathehasebacksafely.

14.地点状语从句：

常用引导词特殊引导词

Where（本身是adv,不+prep）where;anywhere;wherever

where引导地点状语从句,不改成：介词+关系代词

where引导定语从句,改成：介词+关系代词

15.条件状语从句：

（虽主将从现，will不表将来，表示意愿；若要表示将来动作，用

betodo.—Ifyouaretosucceed,youmustworkhard.

常用引导词特殊引导词

if；as/solongas;onlyif;providing=provided

unless=if....not....that

Supposing=supposedthat;incasethat;

onconditionthat;intheeventof

注意」once:"一旦"=①assoonas：因…就.…

②fromthemomentwhen:从…时起

16.方式状语从句：

常用引导词特殊引导词

as“按照”theway

asif/asthough"好像”Inthisway/inthatway/inthesame

way/inanotherway(in可省略)

Eg.Doit(in)thisway.

asif/asthough:"好像"一状语从句+虚拟语气（与事实相反）

asif/asthough:“好像”一状语从句+陈述语气（事实可能性大）

asif/asthough:"好像"+分词短语/不定式/无动词短语

17.目的状语从句：

常用引导词特殊引导词

sothat;lest;incase;forfearthat;inthe

inorderthathopethat;forthepurposethat;

注意：sothat引导从句中有情态动词

can/could/may/might/should/would时是目的状从；没有情态动词则

是结果状语从句。

18.forfearthat....用法:“以免,生怕,唯恐”

引导状从,用虚拟语气(should/would/could/might+V原)；should

有“万一”之意，不可省略。

19.incase用法:“以免，生怕，唯恐”

①引导目的状从；②引导条件状从=if

20.结果状语从句：

常用引导词特殊引高频具体考点用法

导词

so....that....such1"X*so+adj/adv+that..…

such...that....that:友Tso+many/much/little（少用/few+that..…

sothattotheso+adj+a/an+单数n+that..…

degreeUsuch+a/an+adj+单数n+that....

■

tothe,Csuch+adj+复数n+that....

extent具such

degree+adj+不可数n+that...o

to

sucha

degree

that

21.让步状语从句：不用和but连用，可以和yet连用

常用引导词特殊引导词

Though（可倒装）as（倒装）;nomatter;inspiteofthefactthat

although（更正式）while;whatever;whoever;wherever

Evenif:即使（假定性）whenever;however;whichever

eventhough尽管（肯定事实）whether…or....（不论.…还是尸beit...or…

b

or+一对反义词=whether...or...

例1Dayornight,heworkedhard.例2：rilbethere,beitrainyorsunny.

22.让状从的倒装规则:

adj/去冠n/adv/V+as/though+主语+谓语动词+主句

Eg.Childasheis,heknowsalot.或Youngasheis,heknowsa

lot.

Eg.Tryashemay,hecouldn'tsolvetheproblem.

注意：美语中，as...as….也可以引导让步状从：

例:Coldasitwas,wewentout.=Ascoldasitwas,wewentout.

23.比较状语从句：

常用引导词特殊引导词

as....as….侗级比较）Themore...themore....越...越....

than（不同级比较）Justas...,so....正如…一样

AistoBwhat/asXistoY.

A和B的关系如果X和丫的关系

词和并列句》用法:

1.Notonly....but（also）....用法：（语义上：强调后者）

就近原则NotonlyJohnbutalsohisfatherisinterestedinfootball.

句首，倒装Notonlyhecanplayfootball,butalsocanheplaytheviolin.

位置转换NotonlyJohnbuthisfatheralsoisinterestedinfootball.

2.Neither......nor..…用法：

就近原则NeitherJohnnorhisfatherisinterestedinfootball.

句型转换Neither.…nor.....=not....nor.....

倒装用法Idon*t