2025届山东省泰安市第二学期高三期初考试英语试题含解析

2025届山东省泰安市第二学期高三期初考试英语试题请考生注意：1．请用2B铅笔将选择题答案涂填在答题纸相应位置上，请用0．5毫米及以上黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔将主观题的答案写在答题纸相应的答题区内。写在试题卷、草稿纸上均无效。2．答题前，认真阅读答题纸上的《注意事项》，按规定答题。第一部分（共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）1．–Whichdriverwastoblame?--Why,______!Itwasthechild’sfault,clearandsimple.Hesuddenlycameoutbetweentwoparkedcars.A．both B．eachC．either D．neither2．Amythisanaccountofthedeedsofagodorsupernaturalbeings,usuallyexpressedintermsof______thought.A．primary B．capital C．initial D．primitive3．DimashappearedonthestageofSinger2017,hisvoiceinstantlywonheartsofChineseaudience.A．AslongasB．AssoonasC．NowthatD．Eversince4．Asitseconomyismaturing，China’s_________agreaterroleincriticalissueslikeclimateanddevelopment.A．definingB．assumingC．guaranteeingD．assuring5．TheTangDynastyisgenerallyregardedasagoldenchapterbypeopleworldwide,________theChinesecivilizationinfluencedmanyneighboringcountries.A．where B．whenC．which D．who6．Becauseoftheheavysnow,wehadtodelaythevisituntilthisweekendtotheartgallery____inthecenterofourcitythesedays.A．beingheld B．holding C．tobeheld D．held7．Nodrivingafterdrinkingisarulethateverydriver____________obeyinourcountry.A．will B．shallC．may D．can8．Theprofessor_____abouthowtoprotecttheendangeredanimalintheconferenceatthistimetomorrow.A．talkedB．talksC．hasbeentalkingD．willbetalking9．_______thatIwouldn’tsupportmyselfatthatmoment.A．IwasweakenoughB．IwastooweakC．SoweakwasID．SuchweakwasI10．—Iknowitisreallyalottoask,butcanIuseyourapartmentduringthesummer?—________.Ihappentobeoutoftown.Itisallforyourtaking.A．BehaveyourselfB．BemyguestC．HavefunD．Takecare11．Whilewatchingtelevision,____.A．thedoorbellrang B．weheardthedoorbellringC．therewassomeoneknockingatthedoor D．thedoorbellwasringing12．Jane’sgrandmotherhadwantedtowritechildren’sbookformanyyears,butonethingoranotheralwaysgotinway.A．a;不填 B．the;theC．不填;the D．a;the13．__________62%ofallluxuryconsumersalesinEuropein2015,shoppersfromtheChinesemainlandspent$7.2billionoverseasduringtheSpringFestival.A．Accountingfor B．AddingtoC．Consistingof D．Makingup14．Thehalloftheschoolcanonethousandpeople.A．sit B．seat C．besat D．beseated15．Itreallymatters_______hetreatedthelatestfailure,fortheexaminationisaroundthecorner.A．if B．thatC．why D．how16．She________tosomeoneonthephone,soIjustnoddedtoherandwentaway.A．talked B．hastalkedC．hadtalked D．wastalking17．—DoyouknowhowIcan____him?—Onhismobilephone．A．learn B．reach C．seek D．touch18．—HaveyouheardfromJanerecently?—No，butI________heroverChristmas.A．sawB．willbeseeingC．haveseenD．havebeenseeing19．—UncleWangisinhospital.—Oh,really?I____________.I_____________goandvisither.A．didn’tknow;amgoingtoB．hadn’tknown;wouldC．haven’tknown;willD．didn’tknow;will20．Everyoneinthevillagehopedthathewould______afterafewdays’treatment.A．pickup B．comeup C．keepup D．makeup第二部分阅读理解（满分40分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。21．（6分）Whales,sealsandwalrusesstaywarmincoldwaterbecausetheyhaveathicklayerofblubber.Wehumansrelyonsomethinglikeblubber—neoprenerubberwetsuits—tospendtimeincoldwater.Butthethickversionsforreallyicywaterareheavyandclumsy.Soratherthantakingafterbigmarinemammals,whatifwecouldlearnfromthelittlerones,likebeaversandotters?“Theseanimalsarequitesmallandtheycan’tcarryaroundathicklayerofblubber.Soinsteadtheyhavefurthatisevolvedtotrapair,andthisairprovidesalayerofinsulationfortheminwater.”AliceNastoisagraduatestudentinmechanicalengineeringatMIT.Scientistshaveknownaboutthisair-trappinginsulationmechanismforalongtime,buttheyhadnotteasedoutthedetailsofhowitworks.SoNastoandhercolleaguestookonthechallenge.“We’recreatingthesefurrysamplesfromtheserubberymaterialsbylasercuttingmoldsandcastingthesehairysurfaces.Andthroughourapproachwecanpreciselycontrolthespacingofthehairsandthelengthofthehairs.”Theresearchersthencreatedasystemtogatherdatawhentheirpelts(毛皮)enteredandmovedthroughaliquid—inthiscasenotwater,butsiliconeoil,whichmakesiteasiertoseeairbubbles.Thekeyistokeepthepelt’sairlayerintact(完好的).“Sowhenthey’recrossingtheairwaterinterface,initiallytheirhairytextureisfullofair.Andthenyougointowater.Howmuchoftheaircomesdownwithyouasyou’removinginthroughtheinterface.Sothat’swhatthismodelwilltellyou.”Theyfoundthatthedenserthehairs,themoretheairgetstrapped，whichshouldkeeptheanimal—orpotentiallythehumaninafuturefurrywetsuit—warm.TheresearchisinthejournalPhysicalReviewFluids.“Whatwewouldliketoworkonmovingforwardisunderstanding,afteryoudiveintothewater,howdoyoumaintainthisairlayertrappedinyourfur.Andthere’slotsofinterestingpropertiesofthefurinnaturethatwehaven’tyetlookedatinourmodelthatcouldhelpexplainhowthismechanismmightwork.”Sofornow,cold-waterdiversandsurferswillstillemulatesealsorsealions.Butthedaymaycomewhenthey’llmorecloselyresembleottersorbeavers.1、Whatcanmakelittlermammalskeepwarmincoldwater?A．Anair-trappinginsulationmechanism.B．Athicklayerofblubber.C．Afurthatisevolvedtotrapair.D．Aneoprenerubberwetsuit.2、Nastoandhercolleagueshaverevealed_______________.A．thedenserthehairs,themoretheaircanbecarriedwith.B．thewaythisair-trappinginsulationmechanismworks.C．howtheairlayertrappedinthefurismaintainedinwater.D．theexistenceoftheair-trappinginsulationmechanism.3、Thepassageismostprobablytakenfrom______________.A．anewspaperB．atravelbookC．amedicalreportD．asciencemagazine4、Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?A．AFantasticLayerofFurB．AnImportantResearchC．AWonderfulMechanismD．AGraduate’sChallenge22．（8分）DuringWorldWarItheRedCrosssetupaprogramforpeopletosendletterstosoldiersinEuropesotheywouldneverbelonely.Duringthecourseofthisprogramasoldierreceivedaletterfromawomanhedidn’tknowandhadnevermet.Sheaskedhimthetypicalthingsandhewroteareturnletterwiththetypicalanswers.Astheirlettersbecamemorefrequenttheyrealizedthattheyhadmuchincommonandafriendshipwasformed.Thoughtheever0increasingletterstheycametoknoweachothermoreandbelookedforwardtothemashemovedeverforwardintocombatanddanger.Overtimetheirfriendshipbegantoblossomintolove,buttheyneverexchangedphotos.Eventuallythewarended.HetoldherhewascominghomeandtheymadeaplantomeetatGrandCentralStation.Hewouldlooklikecountlessothersoldierssohetoldherhewouldholdabouquetofcarnations（康乃馨）andshesaidshewouldbecarryingaparticularbook.Iftheirlovewasrealtheycouldmeet.Atthestationhewaseagerlysearchingforthebookinthehandsofeverywomanhemet.Shortlyafter,ashort,plainandoverweightwomanappearedcarryingabook.Heknewitwasher.Hisexcitementformeetingtheloveofhislifedashedaway.Butheputabigsmileonhisfaceandcalledhername.Shesmiledandcameovertohim.Hebenttokisshercheek,butshepushedhimoff.Insteadshehandedhimthebookandwalkedoff.Confused,hesuddenlyturnedaroundandabeautifulwomanwasstandingandsmilingbeforehim.“Ihadtobesure,“shesaidtohim,“ifyouwerethemanofpersonalityIdreamedabout.Andyouare.”AndshecameintohisarmsandtheykissedforthefirsttimeunderthebigclockinthecenterofGrandCentralStation.1、Whatdoestheunderlinedword“them”inParagraph2referto?A．SoldiersB．LettersC．ThetypicalanswersD．Thetypicalthings2、Whydidthesoldierdecidetofoldabouquetofcarnations?A．TocheckiftheirlovewastrueB．TofulfillthepromisehemadeyearsagoC．Todistinguishhimselffromothersoldiers.D．Topresentawelcomegifttothewoman.3、Howdidthemanfeelatthefirstsightofthewomanwithabook?A．EagerB．CautionsC．EmbarrassedD．Disappointed4、What’sthekeytopicofthepassage?A．WarandpeaceB．Dreamandreality.C．CheatandtrustD．Friendshipandlove23．（8分）Everyyear,billionsofkilogramsoffreshproducearewastedintheUnitedStates.Thefoodendsupinlandfills,producingharmfulgreenhousegases.Meanwhile,millionsofpoorAmericansgohungry,withoutaccesstohealthy,affordablemeals.EvanLutzispassionateaboutcorrectingthatsocialinjustice.Andhecombinesthatgoalwithapassionforbusiness.“MyentirelifeI’vewantedtobecomeasocialentrepreneur,notjuststartingabusinessthatmademoneybutalsostartingonethatgaveback.I’mjustanaverageguywithapassiontowardsmakingsurenofoodgoestowasteandmakingsurenoperson’severhungryinAmericaandIwanttodothatthroughbusiness.LutzisCEOandfounderofHungryHarvest.HungryHarvestisabusinesswhichcollectsandsells“ugly”produce.Thesearefruitandvegetablesthatmostfoodcompanieswouldthrowaway.“Ifyougotoagrocerystoreeverythingisgrowingthesameexactway.Right.Soallthatstuffthatdoesn’tgrowthesamewaygetswastedandgetsthrownout.Andwetakeallthatstuffthatnormallygetsthrownoutbecauseit’stoobigortoosmallinoddsizeofshape,weboxitupintoavarietyboxesandwedeliverthemtoourcustomersonceaweek.Wehirepeoplethatwerelivinginhomelessshelters.Theywerereallylookingtogetachanceinlife.”InJanuary2016,LutzappearedontheAmericanbusinesscompetitiontelevisionshow“SharkTank”.Itconnectsinvestorswithentrepreneurs.Lutzsoughta$50,000investmentinHungryHarvest,inexchangeforafivepercentstakeinhiscompany.Hegotevenmorethanheexpected:$100,000for10percentownership.1、Thepurposeofwritingthefirstparagraphisto________.A．tellushowseriousthewasteisB．informusmanypeoplehavenotenoughtoeatC．remindusoftheunfairnessofthesocietyD．leadtothetopicofthepassage2、Fromthelastparagraph,wecaninfer“SharkTank”________.A．isaprogrammeshowingthestoryofinvestorsB．belongstomeetingsofpoliticalpartiesC．helpsentrepreneursgetfundsupportD．askssuccessfulbusinessmentoshowexperience3、WhichofthefollowingwordscanbeusedtodesribeEvanLutz?A．cold-heartedandsmartB．kind-heartedandcreativeC．warm-heartedandstrictD．open-mindedandhumorous4、WhowillnotbenefitfromEvanLutz’sbusiness?A．HungryHarvestB．HungryfamiliesC．FruitfarmersD．Foodcompanies24．（8分）Lastweek,EducationSecretaryArneDuncandeclaredwaronpapertextbooks.“Overthenextfewyears,”hesaidinaspeechattheNationalPressClub,“textbooksshouldbeabandoned.”Intheirplacewouldcomeavarietyofdigital-learningtechnologies,likee-readersandmulti-mediawebsites.Suchtechnologiescertainlyhavetheirplace.ButSecretaryDuncanisthreateningtolightafiretoatried-and-truetechnology—goodoldpaper—thathasbeenthefoundationforoneofthegreateducationalsystemsontheplanet.Andwhilee-readersandmulti-mediawebsitesmayseemappealing,theideaofreplacinganeffectivelearningplatformwithawidelyhyped(炒作)butstillunprovenoneisextremelydangerous.Anexpertonreading,MaryanneWolf,hasrecentlybegunstudyingtheeffectsofdigitalreadingonlearning,andsofartheresultsaremixed.SheworriesthatInternetreading,inparticular,couldbesuchasourceofdistractions(分散注意力)forstudentsthattheymaycanceloutmostotherpotentialbenefitsofaWeb-linked,e-learningenvironmentandwhileit'struethatthehigh-techindustryhassponsoredsubstantialamountsofresearchonthepotentialbenefitsofWeb-basedlearning,notenoughtimehaspassedforlongitudinal(纵向的)studiestodemonstratethefulleffects.Inaddition,digital-readingadvocatesclaimthatlightweighte-booksbenefitstudents'backsandsaveschoolsmoney.Buttherollingbackpackseemstohavesolvedtheweightproblem,andtheshockingcoststooutfiteverystudentwithane-reader,providetechnicalsupportandpayforregularsoftwareupdatespromisetomakethee-textbookaverypriceychoice.Asbothateacherwhousespapertextbooksandastudentofurbanhistory,Ican'thelpbutwonderwhatparallelsexistbetweenmyownfieldandthissudden,wholesaleabandonmentofthetechnologyofpaper.1、WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A．Multi-mediawebsitesandgoodoldpaperarekindsofdigital-learningtechnologies.B．Digitallearningtechnologieswillreplacethepapertextbookssoonerorlater.C．E-readersandmulti-mediawebsitesarelearningmethodsthatareprovedeffective.D．Atried-and-truetechnologyispapertextbooks,longusedineducationalsystem.2、Whatisthedrawbackofpapertextbooksaccordingtothepassage?A．Theirweight.B．Theirprice.C．Theircontent.D．Theirappearance.3、WhatworriesMaryanneWolfisthat________.A．paperlearningcanprovidemorepotentialbenefitsB．studentsmaynotfocusonlearningbydigitalreadingC．digitalreadingcan'tprovidepotentialbenefitsforusersD．theresultsofdigitalreadingeffectsareunderstandable4、Whatistheauthor'sattitudetowardsdigital-learning?A．Disapproving.B．Supportive.C．Positive.D．Objective.25．（10分）Therearebillionsofpeopleonthisplanet,andmanyofuslovetoeatmeat.In2018alone,theaverageAmericanwillconsumemorethan100kgsofredmeat,accordingtoareportfromtheUSDepartmentofAgriculture(USDA).Atthesametime,theenvironmentalimpactcausedbymeatconsumption–waste,animaltreatment,healthissuesandeventhegreenhousegaseffects–hasgivenrisetoanumberofstartups（新兴企业）lookingforwaystofillourgrowingdemandformeat.Butcanthedemandbefilledinasustainableandaffordableway?Abunchofcompaniesarenotonlyoptimisticbutareworkingtomakethishappensooner.Allofthesecompaniesharvestcellsfromanimalsandgrowtheminalab.Forexample,SanFrancisco-basedMemphisMeatsisdevelopingcell-basedmeatsinitslaboratoriesbymanufacturingfatandmusclecellswithoutrequiringanyanimals.Anddon’tworryifyou’renotameatlover.StartupssuchasJetEat,whichisbasedinIsrael,areworkingonfoodproductsgrowninlabsthatareplantbasedandproducemeatsusingnaturalingredientswhilestillmaintainingflavor,consistencyandthe“overallsensoryexperience”.Asyoucanimagine,thereareplentyofhurdlesfacingtheindustry.Educatingthepublicisabigone.Anothercontroversialissueisthelabellingoftheproducts.MeatindustrytradegroupshavebeenpressingtheUSDAtomorestrictlyregulatealternativemeats,labeledas“imitationproducts”.Manyofushaveconcernsaboutthechallengesfacingfuturegenerationsasourglobalpopulationswellsandtheearth’snaturalresourcesshrink.Thegoodnewsisthatthereareplentyofcompaniesaroundtheworld–likethoseproducinglab-grownmeats-whoareworkingtosolvesomeoftheseproblemsandmakeafewbucksintheprocess.Nothingwrongwiththat.1、Whatdoestheunderlinedword“this”inParagraph2probablyreferto?A．Protectingthemeatindustry.B．Promotingahealthylifestyle.C．Reducingmeatconsumptiongradually.D．Meetinghumandemandsformeatsustainably.2、WhatkindofmeatdoesJetEatproduce?A．Ittastesasgoodasrealmeat.B．Itisharvesteddirectlyfromanimals.C．Itlookslikeplantscompletely.D．Itcontainsfatandmusclecells.3、Accordingtothepassage,howcanconsumerstellthelab-grownmeat?A．Byreceivingpubliceducation.B．Byreferringtothelabel.C．Byobservingitclosely.D．ByconsultingtheUSDA．4、Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A．Extraordinaryjobsdonebynewstartups.B．Lab-grownmeatreadytofeedtheworld.C．Effectivestrategiesappliedwhenshopping.D．Theexistingthreatfacedbyhumans.第三部分语言知识运用（共两节）第一节（每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项．26．（30分）MysisterandIhavebeenaheadacheformymother,becausemyfatherwasinthearmy,hewasnotaroundtoooften.__21__,mymotherbroughtusupalmostsingle-handedlyanditmusthave__22__realstrengthofmindtobringupsuchnaughtyandstubbornchildrenwhogotoutfromonetroubleonlytogetintoanother.BonusandIweren’tscholarseither.__23__,wehatedstudyingfromtheverybeginning.Wewere__24__tospendtimewithourschoolbooks---outofthefearofMum’sscolding.Ialmostdidnotmakeitto10thgrade.ThatentiresummerMum__25__thatIreadmyschoolbooksfromtheveryfirstchaptertillthelast.Ileft__26__collegeat18.Inmysecondyearofcollege,whileIwasstudyingformyfinalexams,IgotaphonecallfromMum__27__mysisterhadfailedher9thgradeexams.Mumwasheartbroken.MymotherwasanEnglishteacherinafamousschoolinthecityanditwasa(n)__28__forher.Thenstartedanother__29__formyMum.Therealwaysseemedtobepeoplewhowouldcomeandtalkabouthowwelltheirchildrenweredoing__30__mymotherwouldbehavingatoughtimemakingsurewestayedontherightpath.Mumwas__31__thatwewoulddowellforourselves.Sheneverletmysisterandme__32__thatwehadlostoutonsomethingandalwaystoldus:“Letthisbealesson.Wearegoingtoworkreallyreallyhard...__33__willchange.”Thingsdidchange,butveryslowlyand__34__,onelittlestepatatime.LastyearIfinishedwithlawschoolandstartedworking.Mymother’sbeliefinme__35__.AndjustafewdaysagoIgotaphonefromBonus.Shehad__36__theexamwithhonorsandwas__37__tothebestuniversityinthecountry.Iwasintears.LaterthatnightI__38__Mum:“Mum,yourtwolittlefailuresdidn’tdoasbadlyaseverybodythought.”Mum__39__andsaid:“YouaremydaughtersandIknewyouthebest.Ialwaysknewthatyouwouldsucceed.Itwasjusta__40__oftime.”1、A．HoweverB．ThusC．OtherwiseD．Besides2、A．devotedB．spentC．takenD．wasted3、A．InthatcaseB．InthiswayC．OntheotherhandD．Onthecontrary4、A．pleasedB．annoyedC．forcedD．advised5、A．demandedB．concludedC．promisedD．mentioned6、A．atB．forC．fromD．after7、A．announcingB．readingC．knowingD．saying8、A．shameB．challengeC．prideD．honor9、A．experimentB．researchC．conflictD．trial10、A．thoughB．whileC．asD．unless11、A．determinedB．astonishedC．satisfiedD．concerned12、A．predictB．imagineC．guessD．feel13、A．EnvironmentB．SocietyC．CircumstancesD．Impressions14、A．quicklyB．extremelyC．smoothlyD．gradually15、A．madeupB．paidoffC．tookonD．burstout16、A．attendedB．receivedC．passedD．failed17、A．acceptedB．allowedC．admittedD．permitted18、A．questionedB．convincedC．persuadedD．called19、A．noddedB．laughedC．shoutedD．joked20、A．matterB．periodC．wasteD．length第二节（每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。27．（15分）TherearemanybenefitsofsinginginachoirTheyrange1．thesocial:havingtheopportunity2．(make)newfriends,tothephysicalbenefitsoflearningtobreathe3．(proper)Researchhasalsoshownthatyoungpeople4．singinchoirsdobetterintheirstudiesandhave5．tendencytobehealthierButthefirstquestionyoushouldask6．(you)ifyouareconsideringjoiningachoiris“canyousingintune?”Itmightseemobvious,but7．youcan,thereislittlepointinseekingoutachoirbecauseyou’llonlygetrejectedEverychoiryouapplytojoinisgoingtoaudition(面试)youDon’tworryifyoucan’treadmusic;thatcanbetaughtlaterIfyou8．(accept),you’llfindchoirpracticetobehardwork,butgreatfun,becausethey’resocialeventsasmuchasmusictrainingYouwilllearntoreadmusicandhowtosingwithconfidenceYourvoiceandtechniquewilldevelop,probablyquitequicklywithproper9．(instruct),andyoumayjustendup10．(wonder)whyyoudidn’tdothisyearsago第四部分写作（共两节）第一节短文改错（满分10分）28．（10分）假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下短文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏词符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线（＼）划掉。修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1、每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2、只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。Challengesoflifeareofgreatimportanceinourgrow、ItremindsmemydayswhenIjoinedinthemilitarytrainingafterIenteredseniorhighschool、ItwasthefirsttimeIhavelivedawayfrommyhome,soIfounditdifficultlytofitin、Andthetrainingofficerwasstrictwithmyself、IoncethoughtIcouldn’tbesticktotheend、Butanyway,Imadeit、Thetrialsmadeiteasyformetoadapttomyfuturelife,butthedifficultiesIcameacrosshavenowbecomethepreciousmemoryinmylife、Inshort,learningtoregard