2017职称英语《卫生A级》模拟试题及答案

2017职称英语《卫生A级》模拟试题及答案Anavalancheisasuddenandrapidflowofsnow,oftenmixedwithairandwater,downamountainside.Avalanchesare1thebiggestdangersinthemountainsforbothlifeandproperty. Allavalanchesarecausedbyanover-burdenofmaterial,typicallysnowpack,thatistoomassiveandunstablefortheslope2supportsit.Determiningthecriticalload,theamountofover-burdenwhichis3anavalanche,4acomplextaskinvolvingtheevaluationofanumberoffactors. Terrainslopesflatterthan25degreesorsteeperthan60degreestypicallyhavealow5ofavalanche.Snowdoesnot6significantlyonsteepslopes;also,snowdoesnot7easilyonfiatslopes.Human-triggeredavalancheshavethegreatestincidencewhenthesnow'sangleofrest1is835and45degrees;thecriticalangle,theangleatwhichthehumanincidenceofavalanchesisgreatest,is38degrees.Theruleofthumb2is:Aslopethatis9enoughtoholdsnowbutsteepenoughtoskihasthepotentialtogenerateanavalanche,regardlessoftheangle.Additionally3,avalancheriskincreaseswith10;thatis,themoreaslopeisdisturbedbyskiers,themorelikelyitisthatanavalanchewilloccur. Duetothecomplexityofthesubject,wintertravellinginthebackcountry4isnever100%safe.Goodavalanchesafetyisacontinuous11,includingrouteselectionandexaminationtothesnowpack,weather12,andhumanfactors.Severalwell-knowngoodhabitscanalso13therisk.Iflocalauthoritiesissueavalancheriskreports,theyshouldbeconsideredandallwarningsshouldbepaid14to.Neverfollowinthetracksofotherswithoutyourownevaluations;snowconditionsarealmostcertaintohavechangedsincetheyweremade.Observetheterrainandnoteobviousavalanchepathswhereplantsare15ordamaged.Avoidtravelingbelowotherswhomighttriggeranavalanche.词汇：avalanche/5AvE7lB:nF/n.雪崩terrain/5terein/n.地形，地势ciple，basedonexperienceorpracticeratherthattheory”，即“通用法则，经验法则”。 3.Additionally：是一个副词，用来引人新的事实或论点，意为“此外”。 4.backcountry：人烟稀少的地区。 练习: 1.AamongBofCtoDin 2.AwhenBthatCwhoDwhose 3.AmostlyBlikelyCclearlyDsurely 4.AareBwillbeCisDwas 5.AweightBformCriskDwork 6.AfallBflowCrollDgather 7.AfallBflowCrollDgather 8.AamongBbetweenCwithDfor 9.AthickBthinCflatDrocky 10.AuseBtimeCsnowDrain 11.AjourneyBtripCfactDprocess 12.AconditionsBreportsCforecastDevent 13.AincreaseBreduceCimproveDremove 14.ApriceBeffortCattentionDmoney 15.AmissingBgrownCbigDfresh 答案与题解： 1.A表达“雪崩是山上可能发生的昀大危险之一”的意思，因此应该选择among(在……之中)。 2.B从该句的语法结构上来看，此处需要一个关系代词，代替slope，所以that是昀佳选择。选项A、C、D均不符合语法。 3.B选项A不符合语法，C和D符合语法，但不符合常识：过度的雪的积压可能导致雪崩，而不是必定导致雪崩。所以，B是昀佳答案。 4.C该句的主语是Determiningthecriticalload，从上下文来看应该使用一般现在时，所以C是正确答案。 5.C要确定本题答案的一个有效的方法是排除法。alowweight/formworkofavalanche都不合逻辑，只有alowriskofavalanche符合上下文的意思。下面的句子解释了lowriskofavalanche的道理，更证实了选risk是正确的。 6.D第6和第7题可以一起考虑。整个句子的意思是：在坡度大的坡上，雪不会大量堆积。在较为平坦的坡面，雪不会轻易滑动。 7.B(见6) 8.B理解了句子的意思就不难判断选项：雪在静止状态下，角度在35～45度之间，昀可能发生人为触发的雪崩。between：在……之间。 9.C这个句子说明的是什么样的山坡昀易发生雪崩，即，Aslopethatisflatenoughtoholdsnowbutsteepenoughtoski。flat在此做“平坦”解，与后面的steep形成反义。 10.A句中的thatis表明，后半部分是对前半部分的进一步说明。所以，这里的选择要根据下文的意思判断。 use是昀佳选择，整个句子的意思是：山坡被滑雪者使用的越多，雪崩就越可能发生。 11.D尽管选项A、B和D都能和continuous搭配，从全段的内容判断，只有process是昀佳选择，因为该段描写的是如何防备雪崩，及如何做好安全措施等一系列问题。 12.A选项A、B、C都可以与weather搭配，但是根据上下文，只有A昀为符合文章的内容。 13.B选项A不符合句子的意思;C不能和risk搭配;D也不符合句子的意思，因为不可能完全消除雪崩的隐患。 14.C该