英语课（王丽）学习通超星期末考试答案章节答案2024年

英语课（王丽）学习通超星期末考试章节答案2024年Severewinterstormshaveworsenedthenation'susualpost-holidaybloodshortage,promptingtoanurgentcalltodayforpeopletodonateblood.TypeObloodisthemosturgentlyneeded,becauseitistheuniversalbloodtype,meaningitcanbesafelytransfusedtomostpeopleinanemergency.TheRedCrossreportedhavinglessthanoneday'ssupplyofTypeObloodonhandin18oftheorganization's38collectionregions.TheRedCrossprovidesabouthalfofthenation'sbloodsupply.America'sBloodCenters,whichsuppliesmostoftherest,alsohasreportedshortages.Reactingtotheshortage,aPittsburghbloodbankasked40hospitalsinwesternPennsylvania,WestVirginiaandOhiotopostponeelectiveoperationsthroughWednesday.Atleast1,000donorsareneededeachdayforthenextseveraldaystostabilize(稳定)thesupply,saidMarkLynch,spokesmanfortheCentralBloodBank."Wearetalkingaboutpostponingorthopediccases(矫形外科手术病例).Thesearesickpeoplewhoneedoperation,butit'snotlifethreatening,"hesaid.Whenitsbloodsupplyisstable,thebloodbankneedsabout700donorseachdaytomaintainnormalinventory(库存).ThePittsburghBloodBanklastaskedhospitalstopostponeelectiveoperationsbecauseofabloodshortageinOctober2017.Suchprocedureswerecanceledforalmostaweek.Nationwide,donationstypicallyfalloffduringtheholidays,whendonorsbecometoobusytogivebloodregularly.Badweatherincreasesshortagesbothbyblockingblooddrivesandbycausingincreasedblooddemandtotreataccidentvictims.1.TheorganizationwhichsuppliesmostofthebloodneedoftheAmericansis_______A.theBloodCenters

B.theRedCrossC.thePittsburghBloodBank

D.theCentralBloodBank2.Badweathercreatedthebloodshortagebecause________A.itbadlyaffectedblood-collectingeffortsB.itmadeblooddonorstoobusytogivebloodC.itpostponedelectivesurgeriesinhospitalsD.itledtolessinjurieswhichneededurgenttreatment3.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUEaboutMarkLynch?A.HeisthespokesmanfortheCentralBloodBank.B.Heasked40hospitalstopostponesmallsurgeries.C.Hecanceledseveraloperationsforalmostaweek,D.Hecanceledblooddrivesbecauseofseverestorms.4.Inparagraph3,“electiveoperations"referto________A.thosethatshouldbeconductedpromptlyB.thosethatshouldbedonebyotherdoctors9EducationC.thosethatcouldbeconductedlaterD.thosethatmustbedoneinbighospitals5.Accordingtothepassage,TypeObloodisthemosturgentlyneededbloodbecause____A.itcanbeusedbyallofthepeople

B.itistheuniversalbloodtypeC.manypeoplewereinjured

D.thereisnotenoughdonors

答案:B;A;A;C;BLaptopcomputesarepopularallovertheworld.Peopleusethemontrainsandairplanes,inairportsandhotels.Theselaptopsconnectpeopletotheirworkplace.IntheUnitedStatestoday,laptopsalsoconnectstudentstotheirclassrooms.WestlakeCollegeinVirginiawillstartalaptopcomputerprogramthatallowsstudentstodoschoolworkanywheretheywant.Withinfiveyears,eachofthe1500studentsatthecollegewillreceivealaptop.Thelaptopsarepartofa$10millioncomputerprogramatWestlake,a110-year-oldcollege.ThestudentswithlaptopswillalsohaveaccesstotheInternet.Inaddition,theywillbeabletousee-mailto“speak”withtheirteachers,theirclassmates,andtheirfamilies.Theycanworkwiththemathome,inafast-foodrestaurantorunderthetree—anywhereatallBecauseofmanychangesincomputertechnology,laptopuseinhighereducation,suchascollegesanduniversities,isworkable.Aslaptopsbecomemorepowerful,theybecomemoresimilartodesktopcomputers.Inaddition,theportablecomputerscanconnectstudentstonotonlytheInternet,butalsolibrariesandotherresources.Stateofficialsarealsotestinglaptopprogramsatotheruniversities,too.AtWestlakeCollege,morethan90percentofthestaffusescomputers.Thelaptopswillallowteacherstousecomputersintheirlessons.AsoneWestlaketeachersaid,"HereweareinthemiddleofVirginiaandwe'regivingstudentsawindow,throughwhichtheycanseeeverything."1.Whatisthemainpurposeofthelaptopprogram?A.Togiveeachstudentalaptopfortheirschoolwork.B.TogiveeachstudentanaccesstotheInternet.C.Togiveeachstudentalaptopfortheirhousework.D.Togiveeachstudentaconnectiontolibraries.2.Whyistheword“speak”inthesecondparagraphinquotationmarks(引号)?A.Theyusethecomputerlanguage.

B.Theydon'treallytalk.C.Laptopshavespeakers.

D.Theyspeakadifferentlanguage3.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueaboutWestlakeCollege?A.Teacherscanusecomputersintheirlessons.B.Eachofthestudentswillreceivealaptop.C.StudentstherecandoeverythingD.Itisa110-year-oldcollegeinAmerica.4.Accordingtothepassage,laptops_________A.aretoogoodtobetrue

B.areveryinconvenienttouseC.replacelibrariesoftheuniversity

D.connectpeopletotheirworkplace5.Whatcanweinferfromthepassage?A.Theprogramisverysuccessful.

B.Theprogramisnotquiteworkable.C.Theprogramisanon-goingone.

D.Theprogramismuchtooexpensive.

答案:A;B;C;D;ABeesareflyinginsectsthatarefoundallovertheworld.Thereareovertwelvethousanddifferentspeciesofbees,butonlyabouttwothousandofthesehappeninNorthAmericaBeescanbedividedintotwogroupsaccordingtotheirstyles,Solitary(独居的)beeslivealone.Ontheotherhand,socialbees,likeants,liveingroups.OnlyaboutsixhundredspeciesareofthissocialcategorySocialbeesareinterestingbecauseintheir"society”therearedifferentclassesofbees.Eachclassperformsadifferenttask.Queenbeeslayeggs.Workers,underdevelopedfemales,workinthehivesbutneverreproduce.Malesdonotwork;theironlytaskistomatewiththequeen.SolitarybeesoccurasmalesandfemalesEveryfemalemakesanestinthegroundwhereshewilllayhereggs.ThenestconsistsofmanycellsAfteraneggislaidandputinacell,thefemalealsoaddssomepollenandhoneyfemaleforfood.Thenshesealsthecell.Thefemalethengoeselsewheretobuildanewnestordie.Wheneggshatch,thelarvae(幼虫)willfeedonthepollenandhoneywhichthefemaleleftforthem.1.Whichoneofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthepassage?A.AnInterestingInsect

B.NorthAmericanBees.

C.SocialBees.

D.SolitaryBees2.Theword"reproduce”inthethirdcouldmean_______A.develop

B.comeback

C.catmuch

D.givebirthtoyoung3.Itmayconcludethat________A.NorthAmericahasmorebeesthanAsiaB.solitarybeeshaveclassesC.antsaresocialinsectsD.malebeesarethemainworkforceintheirsociety4.Accordingtothepassage,Queenbees_______A.onlylayegg

BaresolitarybeesC.arethemainworkforce

D.buildnestsintheground5.Afterthecellsaresealed,thelarvaewillfeedon________A.eggsandcells

B.pollenandleavesC.honeyandinsects

D.pollenandhoney

答案:A;D;C;A;DMcDonald’sistheworldsinglebiggestfoodproviderwithannualsalesofaround$12.4bn.Andthecompany’ssymbolRonaldMcDonaldisnow(orsothecompanyclaims)theword’smostrecognizedpersonafterSantaClaus.ThefirstMcDonald’srestaurantwasopenedinSanBernardino,California,in1948bybrothersMacandRichard“Dick”McDonald.Macrantherestaurantside;Dickwasthemarketinggenius.Hehadalreadyinventedthedrive-inlaundryandhadbeenthefirstpersontouseneonlightsinadvertising.Nowhespottedthegapinthepost-war,baby-boommarketforcheap,family-orientatedrestaurantswithsimplemenus,standardizedfoodandefficientservice.Afteraslowstart,businessbegantoboom.By1954,thebrotherswerejoinedbyanotherentrepreneur,akitchenequipmentsalesmancalledRayAKrocwhoownedthefranchisetotheMultimixer,milkshakemakerusedthroughouttheMcDonald’schain.Ayearlater,KrochadboughttheMcDonaldbrothers’chainof25franchisesfortheequivalentofaround$70m(￡44m).DickremainedwiththecompanyuntiltheSeventies,whenheandKrocfelloutoverKroc’sclaimthatthechainwashiscreation.Today,analmostStalinistcultofpersonalitysurroundsKroc(whodiedin1984)atMcDonald’s,whilethebrotherswhogavethecompanyitsnamehaveallbutbeenwrittenoutofitshistory.ButthoughKrocdidnotfoundMcDonald’s,hewascertainlyresponsiblefortheempire-buildingphilosophywhichledtoitsworlddomination.HeusheredinsuchessentialcontributionstointernationalcuisineastheBigMac(1968)andtheEggMcMuffin(1973);andhelpedlaunchRonaldMcDonald----“inanylanguagehemeansfun”----ontotelevisionin1963.Everythreehours,anewMcDonald’sfranchiseopenssomewhereintheworld;itcanbefoundinmorethan100countriesincludingIndia(vegetarian-onlytoavoidoffendingthenon-beef-eatingpopulace)andIsrael(nonkosher,despitefiercelocalobjection).McDonald’schainembodiedthethrusting,can-dospiritofFiftiesAmericawithstaffmottoessuchas“Ifyou’vegottimetolean,you’vegotimetoclean.”1.WhichisnotKroc’scontributiontoMcDonald’s?A.HelaunchedtherestaurantimageRonaldMcDonaldontotelevision.B.Underhislead,internationalcuisineastheBigMacandtheEggMcMuffinearnedworldwidefameC.Hespottedthegapinpostwarmarketforcheap,family-orientatedrestaurants.D.HebuiltMcDonald’sempirewithaphilosophywhichledtoitsworlddomination.2.Thispassageismainlyconcernedwith_____.A.briefhistoryofMcDonald’s.B.McDonald’ssuccess..C.RayAKroc,leaderoftheMcDonald’sempire.D.McDonaldbrothers,founderofMcDonald’s.3.McDonald’swasfounded_____.A.byakitchenequipmentsalesman.B.inCalifornia.C.byamarketinggeniuscalledDickMcDonald.D.afterthefirstWorldWar.4.WhatdoweknowaboutMcDonald’sbrothers?A.TheywerenotMcDonald’sfoundersalthoughtheynamedtherestaurant.B.Theirbusinesswasstillindepressionafterseveralyears.C.Theyhadclearjobseparationonbusiness.D.Theysoldtheirrestauranttoasalesmanin1954.5.Whichstatementistrueaccordingtothepassage?A.Thesinglebiggestfoodproviderwashowever,notnamedafteritsfounderB.TheinternationalcuisineastheBigMac,abeefhamburger,isprovidedeverychainrestaurantintheworld.C.EmployeesinMcDonald’shavenotimetolean.D.ThesymbolRonaldMcDonald,meansfuninanylanguage,issaidtothewordmostrecognizedpersonafterSantaClaus.

答案:C;A;B;C;DGoogle,theInternetsearch-enginecompany,hasannounceditwillgivemorethantwenty-fivemilliondollarsinmoneyandinvestmentstohelpthepoor.Thecompanysaystheeffortinvolvesusingthepowerofinformationandtechnologytohelppeopleimprovetheirlives.

AleemWaljiworksforG--thepartofthecompanythatgivesmoneytogoodcauses.Hesaidthecompany’sfirstprojectwillhelpidentifywhereinfectious(传染性的)diseasesaredeveloping.InSoutheastAsiaandAfrica,forexample,Gwillworkwithpartnerstostrengthenearly-warningsystemsandtakeactionagainstgrowinghealththreats.

G’ssecondprojectwillinvestinwaystohelpsmallandmedium-sizedbusinessesgrow.Waljisaysmicrofinance(小额信贷)isgenerallysmall,short-termloansthatcreatefewjobs.Instead,hesaysGwantstodevelopwaystobringinvestorsandbusinessownerstogethertocreatejobsandimproveeconomicgrowth.

Gwillalsogivemoneytohelptwoclimate-changeprogramsannouncedearlierthisyear.Oneoftheseprogramsstudieswaystomakerenewable(再生的)energylesscostlythancoal-basedenergy.Theotherisexaminingtheeffortsbeingmadetoincreasetheuseofelectriccars.

ThecreatorsofGooglehavepromisedtogiveGaboutonepercentofcompanyprofitsandonepercentofitstotalstockvalueeveryyear.AleemWaljisaysthisamountmayincreaseinthefuture.1.ThepurposeofGoogle’sinvestmentsisto________.A.helppoorpeople

B.developnewtechnologyC.expanditsownbusinessD.increasethepowerofinformation2.AccordingtoAleemWalji,thecompany’sfirstprojectisto________.A.setupanewsystemtowarnpeopleofinfectiousdiseasesB.findoutwhereinfectiousdiseasesdevelopC.identifythecausesofinfectiousdiseasesD.curepatientsofinfectiousdiseases3.WhatkindofbusinesseswillbenefitfromG’ssecondproject?A.largeenterprisesB.cross-nationalcompaniesC.foreign-fundedcorporationsD.smallandmedium-sizedbusinesses4.Fromthefourthparagraph,welearnthatGoogle’smoneyisalsoinvestedtohelp________.A.startmoreresearchprogramsB.makemoreadvancedelectriccarsC.developrenewableandcoal-basedenergyD.conductstudiesrelatedtoclimatechanges5.FromthelastparagraphwelearnthattheinvestmentsbyGcomefrom________.A.Google’sprofitsandstockvalueB.someinternationalITcompaniesC.thecompany’sowninterestsD.localcommercialbanks

答案:A;B;D;D;AAmericaisamobilesociety.FriendshipsbetweenAmericanscanbecloseandreal,yetdisappearsoonifsituationschange.Neithersidefeelshurtbythis.BothmayexchangeChristmasgreetingsforayearortwo,perhapsafewlettersforawhile—thennomore.Ifthesametwopeoplemeetagainbychance,evenyearslater,theypickupthefriendship.ThiscanbequitedifficultforusChinesetounderstand,becausefriendshipsbetweenusflowermoreslowlybutthenmaybecomelifelongfeelings,extending(延伸)sometimesdeeplyintobothfamilies.

Americansarereadytoreceiveusforeignersattheirhomes,sharetheirholidays,andtheirhomelife.Theywillenjoywelcomingusandbepleasedifweaccepttheirhospitality(好客)easily.

AnotherdifficultpointforusChinesetounderstandAmericansisthatalthoughtheyincludeuswarmlyintheirpersonaleverydaylives,theydon’tshowtheirpolitenesstousifitrequiresagreatdealoftime.Thisisusuallytheoppositeofthepracticeinourcountrywherewemaybegenerouswithourtime.Sometimes,we,ashosts,willappearatairportseveninthemiddleofthenighttomeetafriend.Wemaytakedaysofftoactasguidestoourforeignfriends.TheAmericans,however,expresstheirwelcomeusuallyathomes,buttrulycannotmanagethetimetodoagreatdealwithavisitoroutsidetheirdailyroutine.Theywillprobablyexpectustogetourselvesfromtheairporttoourownhotelbybus.Andtheyexpectthatwewillphonethemfromthere.Oncewearriveattheirhomes,thewelcomewillbefull,warmandreal.Wewillfindourselvestreatedhospitably.

FortheAmericans,itisoftenconsideredmorefriendlytoinviteafriendtotheirhomesthantogotorestaurants,exceptforpurelybusinessmatters.Soaccepttheirhospitalityathome!

1.Thewriterofthispassagemustbe______.

A.anAmerican

B.aChinese

C.aprofessor

D.astudent

2.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?

A.FriendshipsbetweenAmericansusuallyextenddeeplyintotheirfamilies.

B.FriendshipsbetweenAmericansusuallylastforalltheirlives.

C.Americansalwaysshowtheirwarmtheveniftheyareverybusy.

D.Americanswillcontinuetheirfriendshipsagainevenafteralongbreak.

3.FromthelasttwoparagraphswecanlearnthatwhenwearriveinAmericatovisitanAmericanfriend,wewillprobablybe______.

A.warmlywelcomedattheairport

B.offeredaridetohishome

C.treatedhospitablyathishome

D.treatedtodinnerinarestaurant

4.Theunderlinedwords

“generouswithourtime”inParagraph3probablymean______.

A.strictwithtime

B.seriouswithtime

C.carefulwithtime

D.willingtospendtime

5.Asuitabletitleforthispassagewouldprobablybe“______”.

A.FriendshipsbetweenChinese

B.FriendshipsbetweenAmericans

C.Americans’hospitality

D.Americans‘andChinese’sviewsoffriendships

答案:B;D;C;B;DThebestfamilyvacationtripwill

quickly

become

meaningless

ifsomethingis

wrongwithyourvehicle.

Haveyourcarcheckedoutwhenyou’replanningyourdrivingtrip.

Ifyouneednewtires,brakesoranoilchange,don’tputitoff—completeanyvehiclemaintenance

(维修)beforeyouleave.Drivingforextendedperiodsoftimecanbehardonyourvehicle,andanypreparationthatyoucandobeforeyoudrivecanhelpmakeyourtripsafeandworry-free.“Amonthbeforeweleave,wemakeanappointmenttobringourcarintothegarage,”

saysAnthonyPierpont,adoctorwhoisgoingonasummervacationtrip.

“Ijustexplainwe’replanningaroadtrip,andaskifthere’sanythingweshoulddobeforeweleave.Sometimes,wedon’thavetodoanything,becausewegetregularmaintenance

onthecaralready.But,onceortwice,it’sbeentherighttimetogetnewbrakesornewtires.Yourmechanic’sinspection

(检查)shouldincludecheckingyourvehicle’sfluidlevels,brakes,airconditioningandheater

andthewearandtear(破损)onyourtires.Makesureyougiveyourgarageenough

timetoinspectyourvehicleandcompleteanyneededrepairsbeforeyougo.”

Accordingtoanonlinediscussionbytourpals(伙伴)allovertheUSA,someofthe

bestroadtripsinclude:

•PacificNorthwestroadtripsfromSanFrancisco,CaliforniatotheOregonCoastandWashington;

•Roadtrips

throughMontanaandSouthDakotaforasenseoftheWildWestandafirsthandviewofMountRushmore,andGlacierandYellowstoneNationalParks;

•NorthernandSouthernCaliforniaroadtripsof

thecoastlinebeauty,theRedwoodForest,golf,artistcolonies,historyandwine;

•ThebestroadtripbackeastincludesCapeCod,theislandsofMartha’sVineyardandNantucket,Stowe,

and

Vermont.1.

Beforeatrip,thetravelers

should______.A.checkthecar

B.checkthegarageC.checktheroad

D.checkthemap2.

Themechanic

needn’tcheck______forthemaintenance.A.yourvehicle’sfluidlevelsB.yourvehicle’sbrakesC.yourvehicle’sairconditioningandheaterD.yourvehicle’sprice3.

Generallyspeaking,______

cangivetravelersasenseoftheWildWest.A.PacificNorthwestroadtrips

B.MontanaandSouthDakotaroadtripsC.NorthernandSouthernCaliforniaroadtripsD.NorthernandEasternCaliforniaroadtrips4.

Accordingtothepassage,travelerscanfindtheRedwoodForest

from______.A.PacificNorthwestroadtrips

B.MontanaandSouthDakotaroadtripsC.NorthernandSouthernCaliforniaroadtripsD.NorthernandEasternCaliforniaroadtrips5.Thebestroadtripbackeastincludes

______.A.CapeCod,theislandsofMartha’sVineyardandNantucket,Stowe,

and

VermontB.CapeCod,theislandsofMartha’sVineyardandNantucketC.VermontD.theislandsofMartha’sVineyardandNantucket,Stowe,

and

Vermont

答案:A;D;B;C;ACIPRWorkshopprovidestrainingcoursestohelpyouworkwiththe

media.Therearetwolevelsofcoursestoapplyfor:

Basic

Level

Media

relationsisthebasicpartofallpublicrelationprograms.ThosenewtoPR,orthoseresponsibleformanagingmediarelationswillallgetgreathelpfrom

thisworkshop.Theworkshopfocusesondevelopinggoodworkingrelationshipswith

press(媒体)andbroadcastjournalists.

High

Level

Creativityisthemostimportantskillinthepublicrelationprofession,butmostpeopleintheindustryhavenotreceivedanytraininginthisarea.Nordotheyunderstandhowcreativityworksandhowtoimproveitquickly.The

workshopwillshowthateventheleastcreativepeoplecanimprovetheir

creativeabilities,andcanmanagethecreativepartoftheirwork.

CourseTopics

•Techniques

tohelptapinto（挖掘）yourcreativeside

•Tenwaysto

improvecreativeability

•25techniquestogeneratenewideas

•Understanding

thecreativeprocess

•Keythinking

processes

•Whatmakesa

creativeindividualandteam.

Ifyou

wouldliketoapplyforanytrainingcourse,pleasephoneuson02-5833-6427.

1.

What

doesCIPRprovidetohelptoworkwiththemedia?A.Coursesof

publicrelationsprograms.B.Training

coursesC.Basiclevel

coursesD.Highlevel

courses2.______isthebasicpartofallpublic

relationsprograms.A.Mediarelations

B.Schoolrelations

C.Familyrelations

D.Companyrelations3.

______willbecoveredinthehighlevelof

thetraining.A.What’sitliketobeajournalistB.Understandingandbuildingrelationships

withjournalistsC.WritingwellforthemediaD.Techniquestohelptapintoyourcreativeside4.Whichofthefollowingisoneofthe

problemswiththepublicrelationsprofession?A.Mostpeopledonotknowhowtodealwith

people.B.Thosenewtotheareaneedchallenges.C.Mostpeopleintheindustryhavenot

receivedanytraininginthisarea.D.Mostpeopleintheindustrycannotmanagetheir

work.5.

Ifyouwouldliketoapplyforatraining

course,youshould__________.A.bookonthewebsiteB.callat02-5833-6427

C.filloutaformD.meettheresponsiblemanager

答案:B;A;D;C;BMountainclimbersaroundtheworld

dreamaboutgoingupMountEverest(珠穆朗玛峰).Itisthehighestmountainintheworld.Butmanypeoplewhohave

climbedthemountainhaveleftwastematerialthatispollutingthe

environment.

AteamofAmericansisplanning

thelargestclean-upeffortonMountEverest.Theywillmaketheriskytripup

themountainnextmonth.

TheteamofnineAmericanswillbe

guidedbymorethanthirtyguidesfromNepal(尼泊尔).Theirgoalistoremoveallthetrashtheysee.Theywillspendthree

monthscleaningupthemountainbygatheringoxygenbottles,fuelcontainers,batteries,drinkcans,humanwasteandotherkindsoftrash.Theyareexpected

togetridofatleastthreetonsoftrashinlargebags.

TeamleaderTomJacksonismaking

hisfourthtripupthemountain.HesayshehopestobringEveresttothe

conditionitwasinbeforethefirstsuccessfulclimbfiftyyearsago.Hesays

hehopestheeffortwillinfluenceotherpeopletocleanuptheenvironment.

Human

wasteonEverestisamajorconcern.Sotheclean-upteamwilltakealongnewly

developedequipmenttocollectandtreathumanwaste.Overtheyears,thewaste

haspollutedthemountain.Inthewarmseasonwhentheicemelts,thepolluted

waterflowstoNepalivillagesbelow.Theproblemhasgotworseinrecentyears

becauseclimbingEveresthasbecomefashionable.1.MountainclimberssuccessfullyreachedthetopofMountEverestaround______ago.A.50yearsB.40yearsC.30yearsD.threemonths2.Fromthepassagewecanlearnthattheclean-upeffort______.A.isopposedbythelocalpeopleB.isthelargestonesupportedbyNepalC.isencouragedbytheAmericangovernmentD.isthegreatestoneevermadeonMountEverest3.WhatdoestheAmericanteamplantodoonthetripupthemountain?A.TomakeEverestthecleanestmountain.B.Totellclimbersnottoleavewastematerials.C.Totakeawayallthetrashtheycouldfindthere.D.Tocollect

andtreathumanwastebeforetheicemelted.4.TeamleaderMr.JacksonhopestoturnMountEverestinto______.A.itsformerstateafewyearsagoB.itsoriginalconditionhalfacenturyagoC.aplacewithnopollutionatallD.thecleanestmountainintheworld5.According

totheparagraphfive,theproblemhasgotworseinrecentyearsbecause______.A.climbingEveresthasbecomefashionable.B.animalshavebecomemore.C.humanwastehasbecomemorefashionable.D.thetravelagentshavebecomemore.

答案:A;B;C;B;AMelbourne

isthesecondlargestcityinAustralia,withapopulationofover3.5million.Thecityhasanareaofabout9thousandsquarekilometers.It’sraretofind

anyonewhodoesn’tlovethiscityhere.Thecityisclean,safeandexciting.Melbourneisalsofamousforitsuniversitiesandcolleges.Ithastree-lined

widestreetsandmanybeautifulparksandgardensandhasagoodtransport

systemofroads,buses,andtrains.

Melbourne

isaculturalmeltingpot(熔炉).From

theverystart,morepeopleofGreekdescendents(后裔)liveherethaninanyother

cityexceptforAthens.Chinese,Italian,VietnameseandLebaneseimmigrants

havealllefttheirmarks.AlmostathirdofMelbournians(墨尔本人)werebornoverseasorhave

parentswhowerebornoverseas.

Melbourne

isfamousforitsrestaurants,theatres,music,opera,ballet,art,shopsanda

lively

nightlife.Melbournians

love

sports,andthecityhostsmanyfamousinternationalsportsevents.Nearby

therearesomebeautifulcoastlineswithexcellentbeaches,nationalparks,forests,wintersnowfieldsandsummerresorts(旅游胜地).Theclimateis

temperate

andcomfortable,with

warmsummersandcoolwinters.Insummer,maximumtemperaturesrangefrom26℃

to36℃,andinwinterfrom12℃

to18℃.TheweatherinMelbournecan

bechangeablefromdaytoday.In2002,Melbournewasratedtheworld’sbest

citytolivein.1.Melbourneiswell-knownintheworldNOTbecauseofits______.A.largepopulationB.universitiesandcollegesC.transportsystem

D.beautifulparksandgardens2.Accordingtothepassage,Melbourneisacitywhere______.A.richpeoplechoosetolive

B.thebestwineisproducedC.variousculturesco-exist

D.Asian

foodispopular3.Melbourniansenjoy______.A.sports

B.sunbathing

C.sightseeing

D.traveling4.Theword“temperate”intheinthelastparagraphmost

probablymeans______.A.hot

B.mild

C.dry

D.cold5.WhichcontinentisMelbournelocatedin?A.Africa

B.

Europe

C.

Oceania

D.

Asia

答案:A;C;A;B;CAlthoughtherearemanywaystodomarketresearch,mostbusinessesuseoneormoreoffivebasicmethods:surveys,focusgroups,personalinterviewsandobservation.Thetypeofdatayouneedandhowmuch

moneyyou’rewillingtospendwilldeterminewhichtechniquesyouchoosefor

yourbusiness.

1.Surveys.

Withshortanddirect

questionnaires(调查问卷),youcanstudyacertain

groupwhowillprobablybeyourfuturecustomers.Thelargerthegroup,themore

exactyourresultswillbe.Therearein-person,telephone,mail,andonline

surveys.

2.Focusgroups.Infocusgroups,a

researcherusespreparedquestionsortopicstoleadadiscussionamongagroup

ofpeople.Recordthewholediscussionandmakesureyouarenotdisturbedin

theprocess.Afocusgroupusuallylastsonetotwohours,anditneedsat

leastthreegroupstogetbalancedresults.

3Personalinterviews.

Likefocusgroups,personal

interviewsincludecasualandopen-endedquestions.Theyusuallylastforabout

anhourandareusuallyrecorded.

Thedataprovidedbyfocusgroupsand

personalinterviewsaremoresubjective(主观的)thanthatprovidedbysurveys，sotheresultsarenotasaccurate.However,focus

groupsandinterviewsgiveimportantideasoncustomerattitudes.Theyarealso

excellentforfindingissuesrelatedtonewproductsorservicedevelopment.

4.Observation.

People’sresponsesto

surveysandfocusgroupsaresometimesdifferentfromtheiractualbehavior.Whenyouobserveconsumers’actionbyrecordingtheminstores,atwork,orat

home,youcanobservehowtheybuyoruseaproduct.Thisgivesyouamore

accuratepictureofcustomers’habitsandshoppingpatterns.1.Whichofthefollowingwilldeterminethe

techniquesyouchooseforyourbusiness?A.Thetypeofdatayouneed.

B.Themoneyyouarewillingtospend.C.Howlargethegroupyouaregoingto

studyis.

D.BothAandB.2.Accordingtothepassage,______isnot

necessaryinamarketresearch.A.people’sjobinformation

B.acertaingroupC.shortanddirectquestionnaires

D.Recording

equipment3.

Whyaretheresultsoffocusgroupsandpersonal

interviewsnotsoaccurate?A.Becausetheyprovidemoresubjective

data.B.Becausetheyneedmorepeople.C.Becausepeopletelllies.D.

Because

theyusuallylastoneortwohours.4.______cangiveyouamoreaccuratepicture

ofcustomers’habitsandshoppingpatterns.A.Surveys

B.Personalinterviews

C.Focusgroups

D.

Observation5.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingcangivethe

importantideasoncustomerattitudes?A.surveysB.focusgroupsandpersonalinterviewsC.surveysandpersonalinterviewsD.

observation

答案:D;A;A;D;BThere

was

one

thought

that

air

pollution

affected

only

the

area

immediately

around

large

cities

with

factories

and

heavy

automobile

traffic.At

present,we

realize

that

although

these

are

the

areas

with

the

worst

air

pollution,the

problem

is

literally

worldwide.On

several

occasions

over

the

past

decade,a

heavy

cloud

of

air

pollution

has

covered

the

east

of

the

United

States

and

brought

health

warnings

in

rural

areas

away

from

any

major

concentration

of

manufacturing

and

automobile

traffic.In

fact,the

very

climate

of

the

entire

earth

may

be

infected

by

air

pollution.Some

scientists,consider

that

the

increasing

concentration

of

carbon

dioxide

in

the

air

resulting

from

the

burning

of

fossil

fuels(coal

and

oil)is

creating

a"greenhouse

effect"--conserving

heat

reflected

from

the

earth

and

raising

the

world′s

average

temperature.If

this

view

is

correct

and

the

world′s

temperature

is

raised

only

a

few

degrees,much

of

the

polar

ice

cap

will

melt

and

cities

such

as

New

York,Boston,Miami,and

New

Orleans

will

be

in

water.Another

view,less

widely

held,is

that

increasing

particular

matter

in

the

atmosphere

is

bloc-king

sunlight

and

lowering

the

earth′s

temperature--a

result

that

would

be

equally

disastrous.A

drop

of

just

a

few

degrees

could

create

something

close

to

a

new

ice

age,and

would

make

agriculture

difficult

or

impossible

in

many

of

our

top

farming

areas.Today

we

do

not

know

for

sure

that

either

of

these

conditions

will

happen(though

one

recent

government

report

drafted

by

experts

in

the

field

concluded

that

the

greenhouse

effect

is

very

possible).Perhaps,if

we

are

lucky

enough,the

two

tendencies

will

offset

each

other

and

the

world′s

temperature

will

stay

about

the

same

as

it

is

now.Driven

by

economic

profit,people

neglect

the

damage

on

our

environment

caused

by

the"advanced

civilization".Maybe

the

air

pollution

is

the

price

the

human

beings

have

to

pay

for

their

develop-ment.But

is

it

really

worthwhile?1.

As

pointed

out

at

the

beginning

of

the

passage,people

used

to

think

that

air

pollution__________．A.

caused

widespread

da