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一.时间介词I的用法辨析
1.时间介词in、on、at、by的用法辨析
•同]介词in用来表示一天中某段时间,指天、年、月、季节、周次等。如:
Inthemorning/afternoon/evening,inMay/October,in1992,
inSpring/Summer/Autumn/Winter在春天/夏天/秋天/冬天,
1()thedaytimethestreetsarecrowded拥挤的butnighttheyarequiet.
A.At,inB.For,byC.By,forD.In,at
2()Springthetreesturngreenandtheflowersstarttocomeout.
A.InB.OnC.AtD.From
•同介词on用来表示具体某一天,星期几,节日;或者指明具体某一天的上午,
下午,晚上。如:
OnDecember1st;onMondaymorning;onthenightofOctober22nd;
onarainy/fineday,onacoldmorning,onTeachersDy;0nChristmas
Day.
1()Atsunami海啸happenedinsomesoughernAsiancountries
December,2OO4.A.atB.onC.inD.by
2()1wasbornJuly2,andmygirthdayiscomingsoon.
A.fbrB.atC.inD.on
3()-WhendidyoucomebackfromBeijing?
-______themorningofApril18th.A.AtB.WithinC.OnD.In
•同介词at用来表示时间点,特定的时间、节日、年龄等。
atnoon,atnight,atmidnight在午夜,atsixo9clock,athalfpastfive,atthe
bgginningof一开始,attheendof结束时,attheageof在…岁数时,atlast
最终
1()1thedaytimethestreetsarecrowded拥挤butnighttheyarequiet.
A.At,inB.For,byC.By,forD.In,at
2填词:Tonyusuallygetsupatseveno9clockonweekends.
3.Attheageoffive,helivedwithhisgrandparentsinavillage.
・无I介词by不迟于,到一时为止;如:
by2o'clock,bynow至1J现在(为止),bythen到那时(以来)
l.Bytheendoflastmonth到上个月末为止,Wehadlearnedmorethan不止
300Englishsongs.
2.Byhegotoutside到他来到外面为止,thebushadalready已经left离开.
3.TheworkmustbefinishedbyFridayo工作必须在星期五之前完成
•|in与after|时间介词in与after的用法
*介词in+一段时间用于一般将来时。如:
l・We'11gotoschoolintwoweeks.两周后
2()Mymotheriscomingbackthreedays我妈三天后要回来
A.afterB.inC.atD.until
3.Therewillbemorerobot机器人athomeinfiftyyears.五十年后
*介词after+一段时间用于一般过去时。如:
1()Mymothercamehomehalfanhour.半小时后
A.inB.afterC.behindD.with
2()Theheadmaster校长willcometoourclasstwoo'clock.
A.inB.ofC.forD.on
3()1'11callyou4o'clock.A.inB.onC.ofD.after
4.We'11gooutforawalkaftersupper.晚饭后
5()Thetrainisstartingfiveminutes.A.inB.atC.after
•1Since与for时间介词for与since的用法辨析
*介词for表示一段时间,fortwomonths有两个月,forthreedays有两天,
forafewhour有好几个小时,foralongtime有一段时间,
1.Ihavebeenlivingherefor10years.有十年
2()-Howlonghaveyoubeeninthiscity?/-twentyyears.
A.BeforeB.AfterC.ForD.Since
3()Thedoctorworkedfivehoursarest.
A.for,withB.on,withoutC.about,havingD.for,without
*介词since表示从过去某一时间以来,如:
1()Ihavebeenlivinghere2000.
A.forB.befroeC.sinceD.in
2()Whatbadweatherwehave!Ithasrainedthedaybeforeyesterday.
A.onB.inC.sinceD.at
3.Thefactoryhasbeentheresince1989.
4.HehaslearningEnglishsincehewas8.他自从八岁时就开始学英语
5.Ihaventseenherforyears.我有好几年没见到他了
•during时间介词during(在…期间)
1.Heswimseverydayduringthesummer.在夏天期间
2()Theyoungmanhadworkedinthesmallvillagetheyearof1972.
A.duringB.onC.forD.by
•until/till直到…为止;not…until…直到…才…,不到…不…,
*till/until前谓语动词为延续性动词;
*not-until-,(until)前谓语动词为短暂性动词,
1.Iwillwaittill(until)seveno,clock.
2.You'dbetterstayinbedtilltomorrow.你最好在床上一^直呆到明天
3()Tomdidn,tcomebackmidnight.
A.beforeB.untilC.afterD.when
4.Ididn'tgotobedmymothercameback.
A.beforeB.untilC.afterD.since
・不用介词表达时间的几种情况
1.当表示时间的词前有this,that时,其前面不用介词,如:thismorning
2.当表示时间的词前有next时,其前面不用介词,如:nextSunday
3.当表示时间的词前有last时,其前面不用介词,如:lastSunday
4.当表示时间的词前有one,any,each,every,some或all时,其前面不用
介词
1.Youcancomeanyday任彳可~~,天.
2.Couldyoucometomyhouseevening?
A.atB.lastC.atthisD.at
二.方位介词与地点介词的用法辨析
•方位介词on,over,above的用法辨析
*介词on表示一物放在另一物上面,两者紧贴在一起,如:
1.Thebookisonthetable.
2.Therewasacarpet地毯onthefloor在地板上.
*介词over表示一种垂直悬空的上下关系,即“在…上方”,如:
1.Isthereanybridgeovertheriver?桥在河流之上吗?
*介词above表示一般的"高于…”,“在…之上”,如:
1.Therewasanelectricclock电子钟abovehisbed.
2.Thereisalight灯hishead.A.overB.aboveC.on
・方位介词under与below的用法辨析
*介词under是over的反义词即“在…下方”,如:
1.Theywereseenunderthetree.
*介词below是above的反义词即“低于…”,“在…之下”,如:
1.Theylivebelowus.他们住在我们下面(楼下)
•方位介词across,、through>over,用法辨析
*介词across着重于“从一头或一边到另一头或另一边”,强调从表面穿过。
1.Shewentacrossthestreet穿越彳射道todosomeshoppng.
2.MrWangplannedtoswimtheChangJiangRivernextmonth.
A.throughB.acrossC.pastD.over
4.Thewentthedesert沙漠lastyear.
A.throughB.acrossC.overD.past
*介词through着重于“穿越”,强调从一定的空间内部穿过。
1.Thesunlightwascominginthroughthewindow.
2.Theywenttheforest森林tofindthewaytothePalace.
A.acrossB.throughC.overD.past
*介词over多表示从“上方越过”,如:
1.Hefailedtogooverthemountain穿越大山;hehadtogoroundit.
•方位介词in、on、at的用法辨析
*介词in表示“在一-内”,“排、行、组”,如:
1.WeareinTeamOne.
2.Heputshishandsinhispockets口袋
*介词on表不“在左、右”,在上面,如:
1.LiPingisonmyleft/right在右边,在左边.
*at“在旁边”
1.Theywereeatingatthetablenow在饭桌旁吃饭
后接小地方,in后接大地方
词汇:athome在家,atthebusstation在车站,atscholl,atwork在上班,
attheendof在尽头,atthebeginningof-1开始;inChina,inBeijing,
intheworld在这个世界,intheopenair在户外,intheend最终,
stayinbed卧床睡觉,
1()Whendidyouarrivethetrainstation?
A.inB.atC.onD.infront
2()HewasbornWuhan.A.atB.inC.onD.of
3填词:MaryisflyingtoFrancesoon,shewillarriveParisthemorning
ofJuly9.
4()Wewaitedagesforataxi,Wegaveup放弃andwalkedhome.
A.atthebeginningB.intheendC.atfirstC.atleast
5.Helivesasmallvillage.A.inB.onC.forD.in
*in表示在某地范围之内;to表示在某地范围之外;
on表示与某地相邻或接壤。如:
1.Shanghaiis/liesin位于theeastofChina.上海在中国的东部。
BeijingisinthenorthofChina.
2.Japanis/liestotheeastofChina.日本位于中国的东面。
FranceliestothesouthofEngland.
3.Mongoliais/liesonthenorthofChina.蒙古国位于中国北边。
CanadaliesonthenorthoftheU.S.
•方位介词to、for的用法辨析
*介词to表示目的地或去的目的,from--to---”从---到---,如:
1.willyoutakeatraintoTianjian?
2.填词:-Howfarisityourhometoschool、
-It'sabouthalfanhour'sbusride.
3.填词:MyfatherworksinafactoryMondaySaturday.
*介词for表示目的,动身去某地等,如:
1.HegotonatrainforShanghai.
2.ThetrainisleavingTianjingat6pm.A.toB.forC.at
3.填词:Hereisaletteryouo这是给你的信件
Iboughtsomeflowersas作为apresent礼物^Teachers'Day.
三.其他易混介词|的用法辨析
・原因介词because、as、for的用法辨析
*介词because表示“因为;由于”指直接的,用来回答why的问句,语气
最强。
1.Theboydidn'tgotoschoolyesterdaybecausehewasill.
*介词as表示“由于”指一种显而易见、谈话双方已知的理由。
1.Shestayedathomeasshehadnocar.
*介词for表示“因为,由于“指一种间接原因,
1.Itmusthaverainedlastnight,fortheroadiswet路面湿滑.
•材料介词of和from的用法
*bemadeof“由--制成”,用于成品与材料的性质不变时,
1.Thedeskismadeofwood.课桌由木头制成。
2.Thesocksaremadeofsilk.袜子有丝绸制成。
*bemadefrom”由--制成",用于成品与材料的性质已变时,
1.Wineismadefromgrapes.酒由葡萄制成。
2.Paperismadefromwood,纸由木头制成。
・表示“用”的介词in、with,by的用法辨析
*介词in表示“用材料、声音,语言”
介词with表示“用工具、某物”
介词by表示“用、以、靠、通过…方法”
1.CanyousayitinEnglish?用英语说
2.Idrawapicturewithacolorpen.用彩色笔写字
3.Thegirlmademoneybysellingflowers.女孩通过卖花来赚钱
•介词between与among的用法辨析
*介词between表示“在两者之间”
介词among表示“在…当中(三者或以上)之间
1・Don'tsitbetweenthetwogirls.
2.Thereisahotelbetweenthebankandthepayphone.
3.Theylivedamongthemountains群山之间inthepast.
4.Thebadnewsspread传播amongthestudents在学生间quickly.
•介词besides与except的用法辨析
*介词besides表示“除…之外(全部包括在内)“
介词except表示“除…之外(不计算在内)
1.WehaveseenthecrocodilebesidesLiFang.
2.WeareallChineseexceptTominourclass.
3.Thirtystudentswenttothecinemabesideshim.
除他以外,还有30个学生去看了电影。(他和另外30人都去了)
4.Heisinterestedintennisbesides(=aswellas)football.
除了足球,他还对网球感兴趣。
5.Everyoneisexcitedexceptme.
除我以外的每个人都很激动。(他们激动,而我却不激动)
6.AllthevisitorsareJapaneseexcepthim.
除他以外的所有游客都是日本人。(其他人是日本人,可他不是)
•表示计量的介词:at,for,by
*at表示“以……速度"”以……价格”
For表示具体价格,
by表示“以……计”,后跟度量单位。
l.Itflies飞atabout900kilometersahour.它以每小时900公里的速度飞行。
2.1soldmycaratahighprice.我以高价出售了我的汽车。
3.Wehavesweatersatagoodprice.以优惠价
4.Hesoldhiscarfor500dollars.他以五百元把车卖了。
5.Theypaidhimbymonth.他们按月给他计酬。
6.Hereeggsaresold被卖byweight.在这里鸡蛋是按重量卖的。
•表示工具或手段的介词:by,with,on
*by用某种方式,多用于交通。如bybus乘公共汽车,bye-mail.通过电子邮件。
(注:表示搭乘交通工具时,用by时不用冠词,用in时要用冠词)
1.1wentthere(bybus/inabus).我是坐公共汽车去的那儿。
*with表示“用某种工具”。
l.Hebrokethewindowwithastone.他用石头把玻璃砸坏了。
*on表示“以...方式”,多用于固定词组。
1.Theytalkedonthetelephone.他们通过电话进行交谈。
2.ShelearnsEnglishontheradio/onTV.她通过收音机/电视学英语。
3.HeenjoyswatchingsoccergameonTv.
・表示“关于的介词”:of^about,on
*thinkof/about认为,觉得
1.Whatdoyouthinkof/about认为,觉得Chinesefbod./-Ithinkit'sgreat.
2.Hethoughtabout考虑thismatteryesterday.他昨天考虑了这件事。
*abou俨关于"某人某事的情况和内容
l.Canyoutellmesomethingaboutyourself?
你能告诉我一些关于你自己的事情吗?
2.Theyaretalkingabout谈论关于(animals/Chinesemovies)
*on指“关于”学术性的或严肃的事。
l.Ifsatextbookonthehistoryofchina.它是一本有关中国历史的教科书。
・表示原因:
*becauseof“由于",表示引起结果的直接原因。
*Thankst。表示引起某种幸运结果的原因,常译为“幸亏……,多亏……”
l.Heretired退休lastmonth(becauseofillness疾病/becausehewasill).
2.ThankstoJohn,wewonthegame.多亏约翰,我们才赢了这场比赛。
3.Thankstothedoctor,mysisterwastakengoodcareo£
多亏了医生,我妹妹得到了很好的照顾。
4.Tomstayedinbed卧病在床(becauseofhisheadache/becausehehada
headache.)■表示好像或当作的介词:like,as
**like表示“像……一样'
*as表示“作为,以……身份而工作”
1.1wanttobuyasweaterlike像this我想要买一件像这样的毛衣。
2.Couldyoudoitlikethis?你可以像这样做这件事吗?
3.Hetalkedtomeasafkther.他以父亲的身份跟我谈话。
4.Shewantstofindajobasateacher/driver.
5.Thewomanworksasadoctorinahospital.
・表示支持或反对的介词
*against反对;for支持
1.Areyouformyideaoragainstit?你赞同还是反对我的想法?
中考旗专项训练:
l.Tomwasgoodplayingtheguitar,butnowheplaystheviolinwell.
2.Jennyisbetterdrawingthansinging.
3.pleasedon'tlaughher.sheonlymadeasmallmistake.
4.LastSunday,hestayedhomeandwatchedTVallday.
5.myfatherisworknow.
6.rmpoor薄弱myEnglish.
7.theway,couldyoutellmethetoHongxingHotel?
8.-Areyouinterestedreadingnovels?
-Yes,becauseinterestisthebestteacher.
9.Tonywasveryinmath,sohismathwasveryimpressedE|1象彳艮深.
10.ShestudiesEnglishwell,sheusuallywritesdiaries写日记English.
11.Whenyouaretrouble,youcouldaskpoliceforhelp.
12.You'renotallowedtoshoutothers另!J人public.
13.TheyarrivedBeijingyesterdayafternoon.
14.Godownthestreet沿着这条街道走,turnrightatthethirdcrossing.在第三
拐角处向右拐,then然后gostraight照直走untilyouarrivea
bridge,youwillseeabanknextalibrary.
15.Keepingtime守时isveryimportantforeverybodyinSwitzerland瑞士
16.-Howdoyougettowork?
-Igettoworkfoot.
17.0nhiswayschooljackmetanoldfriendofhisfatehrs?
18.-MayItrythegreycoat?
-Sure,hereisthefittingroom-----oh,itlooksniceyou.
19.TonyistalkingthephonewithhisfriendJenny.
2O.Theprice价格oftheapplesdepend取决于howmanykilosyouwantto
buy.
21.-WheredoyouwanttohaveatripthisNationalDay?
-MyfamilydecidedCanadaatlast.
22.Youshoulddrive_therightinChina,butinEnglandyouaresupposedto
drivetheleft.
23.It'stoocoldoutside,pleaseputyousweater.
It'stoohotoutside,pleasetakeyourcoat.
24.Thestudentsarelisteningtheteachercarefullynow.
25.1missyouverymuch,pleasewritemesoon.
26.Beforegoingbed,Tomusuallyspendsabout15miutesnewspaeres.
27.-Whosedictionaryisthis?
-ItmustbelongJim,thereishisnameonit.
28.TheteacherwasveryangryJenny,becauseshewaslateforclassagain.
29.Atthispoint在这一点上,hedoesn'tagreehisfather.
30.Nowdaysmanyteenagers青少年disagreetheirparents.
31.-Excuseme,CouldyouhelpmemyEnglishstudy?
-Sure」'dloveto.
32.Jacksonalwayshelpshismotherhouseworkathome.
33.Couldyouhelpmeswimming/sports?
34.Howdoyougetonyourfamily?
-Igetonwellwithmyfamily.
35-Jennygetsonwellhisclassmates.相处融洽
36.-What?sthematterwithyou?你怎么了?
-Iarguedmyparents,whatshouldIdo?
37.Myfatherisbusyhisworkallday.
38.Couldyoutellmehowtodealthisproblem?如何处理问题
39.ThemanwhoistalkingmyfatherismyPhysicsteacher.
4O.Hecamewithagoodidea/planfinally最终,他想出一个好主意/计划
41.TheweatherinAustraliaisverydifferentthatinChina.
42.Myhaircut发型isdifferentyours.
42.1havethesamehaircutXiaoMingdoes.
43.TonyisthesameageTom.
44.Heisnotastallhisdeskmates.
45.1comeJapan,!canspeakJapanese,!liveXiamennow.
46.Thepostofficeisacrossthesupermarket.
47.Thepayphoneislibraryandthehotel.
48.Theboysittingnextmeismyyoungerbrother.
49.-WhatdoyouthinkChinesefood?
-Ithinkit?sgreat.
50.CouldyougototheairporttomeetmyfriendLaowanginsteadme?
51.HecanspeakChineseofEnglish.
52.Helikesplayingbaseballofbasketball.
53.Pleasedon'tworryyourmother,sheisOknow.
54.1wasworriedmypetcat,becauseit'snotwell.
55.Theyaretalkinganimals.
56.Couldyoutellmesomethingyourfamily?
57.Jennypaidlotsofmoneyhernewcomputer.
58.ThetrainisleavingShanghaiat6pm.
59.Pleasedon'tbelateclass,it'snotgoodforyourstudy.
60.Tonywasalwayslateschoolbefore,butnowheisnevrlate.
61.Takingawalkafterdinner饭后散步isgoodforyourhealth.
62.Themanmaybelatework,hewalksoquickly.
63.-Whatareyoulooking?
-I'mlookingmylostpen,butIcan'tfindit.
64.Themotherlookedhissoneverywhere至U处,shelookedworried.
65.Heprefers他更喜欢牛奶而不是茶。
66.Heprefersstayingathomewatchingmovieswithfriendsonweekends.
67.Pleasedon'tuseyourmobilephoneinclass,ortheteacherwilltakeit.
MyteachertookmymobilephonewhenIuseditinclass.
68.Whenyouleavehome,pleasedon'tforgettoturnthelight.
69.Pleasedon'tgivehopewhenyoumeettrouble遇上困境。
7O.Pleasehelpmeputthepictureonthewall.
71.Mylittlesisterissleeping,pleaseturnthemusic.
72.1wanttohearthemusictogetherwithyou,couldyouturnitalittle?
73.Heisakindandgenerousman,hegiveslotsofmoney___tothehopeproject
捐钱给希望工程。」
74.Hefixed修理thebikesandgavethemtothekids.
75.MyEnglishteacherisveykind,sheregardsusstudentshiskids.
76.1usedtobeafraidthebigdog,butnowI'mnotafraidatall.
77.Thefarmers农民aregettingreadythenextyear.
78.-Howfarisityourhometoschool?
-It'salittlefarhere.离这儿有点远。
-It'squitefarhere,离这儿相当远。
79.Theyarewaitingabusatthebusstation.
Heiswaitingyouatthegate在门边now.
8O.Heiscomingbackthreehours.三小时后他要回来。
81.1havebeenherealongtime.
82.LaoWanghasbeenlivinginXiamen(twoyears/twoyearsago).
83.Lastnighthedidn?tgotobed12o'clock.
84.1studyEnglishmakingflashingandwatchingEnglishmovies.
85.Tomisthetallest最高___thefour.
86.It'sveryimportantmetoeatmorefruits.
87.Heworkedadoctorinahospital.
88.1boughtsomeflowersapresent作为礼物Teachers,Day.
89.Englishisspoken被说asecondlanguage作为第二门外语inmany
countries在许多国家
9O.-CanIhelpyou,please?
-I'dliketobuyasweaterthis.
91.Tim'smumisworriedherson'seyesight视力as由于heplaysonline
gamestoomuch.
92.HelikeswatchingsoccerTV
93.Theboyislookinghiswallet钱包everywhere至1j处。
94.Man人类willnotlive生存sunshine阳关andwater.
95.yourhelp.Icouldn'tdoitbetter.
thehelpofhim在他的帮助下.Ifinishedthejobtime.
中考常用I介词词组I:
||.atfirst首先;atthebeginningof——开始;
begoodat擅长;not—atall一一点也不;
atwork在上班;atdinner在吃饭;
atthesametime在同时;Sitatthetable在饭桌旁(吃饭);
stayathome呆在家;atthebackof在…后面;Laughatsb取笑某人
atleast至少;shoutatsb对着一大叫;
knockatthedoor敲门;lookat瞧,看一看…
目・bytheway顺便说(问)一下;bybike骑自行车;
bycar/taxi坐车Byhand用手;bytheendof到…结束时;
bythetime到…时候;Daybyday一天又一天;
§.inaword总而言之;inEnglish用英语;
stayinbed卧病在床;Beillinhospital生病住院;
inpublic在公共场合;beintrouble处于困境
Infact事实上;inahurry匆忙地
inthestreet在街道上;
inspace在太空;inthisway用这种方法;
intheday在白天;intheend最终;
beinterestedin对…感兴趣;arrivein/at到达
dowellin做得好;bebornin出生于;
takepartin参力口;handin上交;
@.ontime准时;onfoot步行;
ontheleft在左边;Ontheright在右边
onone'swayto在一路上;onduty在值日;
Outofwork失业;decideon决定;
tryon试穿;Passonmessage传递口信;
dependon依
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