介词的用法(初中)_第1页
介词的用法(初中)_第2页
介词的用法(初中)_第3页
介词的用法(初中)_第4页
介词的用法(初中)_第5页
已阅读5页,还剩6页未读 继续免费阅读

下载本文档

版权说明:本文档由用户提供并上传,收益归属内容提供方,若内容存在侵权,请进行举报或认领

文档简介

一.时间介词I的用法辨析

1.时间介词in、on、at、by的用法辨析

•同]介词in用来表示一天中某段时间,指天、年、月、季节、周次等。如:

Inthemorning/afternoon/evening,inMay/October,in1992,

inSpring/Summer/Autumn/Winter在春天/夏天/秋天/冬天,

1()thedaytimethestreetsarecrowded拥挤的butnighttheyarequiet.

A.At,inB.For,byC.By,forD.In,at

2()Springthetreesturngreenandtheflowersstarttocomeout.

A.InB.OnC.AtD.From

•同介词on用来表示具体某一天,星期几,节日;或者指明具体某一天的上午,

下午,晚上。如:

OnDecember1st;onMondaymorning;onthenightofOctober22nd;

onarainy/fineday,onacoldmorning,onTeachersDy;0nChristmas

Day.

1()Atsunami海啸happenedinsomesoughernAsiancountries

December,2OO4.A.atB.onC.inD.by

2()1wasbornJuly2,andmygirthdayiscomingsoon.

A.fbrB.atC.inD.on

3()-WhendidyoucomebackfromBeijing?

-______themorningofApril18th.A.AtB.WithinC.OnD.In

•同介词at用来表示时间点,特定的时间、节日、年龄等。

atnoon,atnight,atmidnight在午夜,atsixo9clock,athalfpastfive,atthe

bgginningof一开始,attheendof结束时,attheageof在…岁数时,atlast

最终

1()1thedaytimethestreetsarecrowded拥挤butnighttheyarequiet.

A.At,inB.For,byC.By,forD.In,at

2填词:Tonyusuallygetsupatseveno9clockonweekends.

3.Attheageoffive,helivedwithhisgrandparentsinavillage.

・无I介词by不迟于,到一时为止;如:

by2o'clock,bynow至1J现在(为止),bythen到那时(以来)

l.Bytheendoflastmonth到上个月末为止,Wehadlearnedmorethan不止

300Englishsongs.

2.Byhegotoutside到他来到外面为止,thebushadalready已经left离开.

3.TheworkmustbefinishedbyFridayo工作必须在星期五之前完成

•|in与after|时间介词in与after的用法

*介词in+一段时间用于一般将来时。如:

l・We'11gotoschoolintwoweeks.两周后

2()Mymotheriscomingbackthreedays我妈三天后要回来

A.afterB.inC.atD.until

3.Therewillbemorerobot机器人athomeinfiftyyears.五十年后

*介词after+一段时间用于一般过去时。如:

1()Mymothercamehomehalfanhour.半小时后

A.inB.afterC.behindD.with

2()Theheadmaster校长willcometoourclasstwoo'clock.

A.inB.ofC.forD.on

3()1'11callyou4o'clock.A.inB.onC.ofD.after

4.We'11gooutforawalkaftersupper.晚饭后

5()Thetrainisstartingfiveminutes.A.inB.atC.after

•1Since与for时间介词for与since的用法辨析

*介词for表示一段时间,fortwomonths有两个月,forthreedays有两天,

forafewhour有好几个小时,foralongtime有一段时间,

1.Ihavebeenlivingherefor10years.有十年

2()-Howlonghaveyoubeeninthiscity?/-twentyyears.

A.BeforeB.AfterC.ForD.Since

3()Thedoctorworkedfivehoursarest.

A.for,withB.on,withoutC.about,havingD.for,without

*介词since表示从过去某一时间以来,如:

1()Ihavebeenlivinghere2000.

A.forB.befroeC.sinceD.in

2()Whatbadweatherwehave!Ithasrainedthedaybeforeyesterday.

A.onB.inC.sinceD.at

3.Thefactoryhasbeentheresince1989.

4.HehaslearningEnglishsincehewas8.他自从八岁时就开始学英语

5.Ihaventseenherforyears.我有好几年没见到他了

•during时间介词during(在…期间)

1.Heswimseverydayduringthesummer.在夏天期间

2()Theyoungmanhadworkedinthesmallvillagetheyearof1972.

A.duringB.onC.forD.by

•until/till直到…为止;not…until…直到…才…,不到…不…,

*till/until前谓语动词为延续性动词;

*not-until-,(until)前谓语动词为短暂性动词,

1.Iwillwaittill(until)seveno,clock.

2.You'dbetterstayinbedtilltomorrow.你最好在床上一^直呆到明天

3()Tomdidn,tcomebackmidnight.

A.beforeB.untilC.afterD.when

4.Ididn'tgotobedmymothercameback.

A.beforeB.untilC.afterD.since

・不用介词表达时间的几种情况

1.当表示时间的词前有this,that时,其前面不用介词,如:thismorning

2.当表示时间的词前有next时,其前面不用介词,如:nextSunday

3.当表示时间的词前有last时,其前面不用介词,如:lastSunday

4.当表示时间的词前有one,any,each,every,some或all时,其前面不用

介词

1.Youcancomeanyday任彳可~~,天.

2.Couldyoucometomyhouseevening?

A.atB.lastC.atthisD.at

二.方位介词与地点介词的用法辨析

•方位介词on,over,above的用法辨析

*介词on表示一物放在另一物上面,两者紧贴在一起,如:

1.Thebookisonthetable.

2.Therewasacarpet地毯onthefloor在地板上.

*介词over表示一种垂直悬空的上下关系,即“在…上方”,如:

1.Isthereanybridgeovertheriver?桥在河流之上吗?

*介词above表示一般的"高于…”,“在…之上”,如:

1.Therewasanelectricclock电子钟abovehisbed.

2.Thereisalight灯hishead.A.overB.aboveC.on

・方位介词under与below的用法辨析

*介词under是over的反义词即“在…下方”,如:

1.Theywereseenunderthetree.

*介词below是above的反义词即“低于…”,“在…之下”,如:

1.Theylivebelowus.他们住在我们下面(楼下)

•方位介词across,、through>over,用法辨析

*介词across着重于“从一头或一边到另一头或另一边”,强调从表面穿过。

1.Shewentacrossthestreet穿越彳射道todosomeshoppng.

2.MrWangplannedtoswimtheChangJiangRivernextmonth.

A.throughB.acrossC.pastD.over

4.Thewentthedesert沙漠lastyear.

A.throughB.acrossC.overD.past

*介词through着重于“穿越”,强调从一定的空间内部穿过。

1.Thesunlightwascominginthroughthewindow.

2.Theywenttheforest森林tofindthewaytothePalace.

A.acrossB.throughC.overD.past

*介词over多表示从“上方越过”,如:

1.Hefailedtogooverthemountain穿越大山;hehadtogoroundit.

•方位介词in、on、at的用法辨析

*介词in表示“在一-内”,“排、行、组”,如:

1.WeareinTeamOne.

2.Heputshishandsinhispockets口袋

*介词on表不“在左、右”,在上面,如:

1.LiPingisonmyleft/right在右边,在左边.

*at“在旁边”

1.Theywereeatingatthetablenow在饭桌旁吃饭

后接小地方,in后接大地方

词汇:athome在家,atthebusstation在车站,atscholl,atwork在上班,

attheendof在尽头,atthebeginningof-1开始;inChina,inBeijing,

intheworld在这个世界,intheopenair在户外,intheend最终,

stayinbed卧床睡觉,

1()Whendidyouarrivethetrainstation?

A.inB.atC.onD.infront

2()HewasbornWuhan.A.atB.inC.onD.of

3填词:MaryisflyingtoFrancesoon,shewillarriveParisthemorning

ofJuly9.

4()Wewaitedagesforataxi,Wegaveup放弃andwalkedhome.

A.atthebeginningB.intheendC.atfirstC.atleast

5.Helivesasmallvillage.A.inB.onC.forD.in

*in表示在某地范围之内;to表示在某地范围之外;

on表示与某地相邻或接壤。如:

1.Shanghaiis/liesin位于theeastofChina.上海在中国的东部。

BeijingisinthenorthofChina.

2.Japanis/liestotheeastofChina.日本位于中国的东面。

FranceliestothesouthofEngland.

3.Mongoliais/liesonthenorthofChina.蒙古国位于中国北边。

CanadaliesonthenorthoftheU.S.

•方位介词to、for的用法辨析

*介词to表示目的地或去的目的,from--to---”从---到---,如:

1.willyoutakeatraintoTianjian?

2.填词:-Howfarisityourhometoschool、

-It'sabouthalfanhour'sbusride.

3.填词:MyfatherworksinafactoryMondaySaturday.

*介词for表示目的,动身去某地等,如:

1.HegotonatrainforShanghai.

2.ThetrainisleavingTianjingat6pm.A.toB.forC.at

3.填词:Hereisaletteryouo这是给你的信件

Iboughtsomeflowersas作为apresent礼物^Teachers'Day.

三.其他易混介词|的用法辨析

・原因介词because、as、for的用法辨析

*介词because表示“因为;由于”指直接的,用来回答why的问句,语气

最强。

1.Theboydidn'tgotoschoolyesterdaybecausehewasill.

*介词as表示“由于”指一种显而易见、谈话双方已知的理由。

1.Shestayedathomeasshehadnocar.

*介词for表示“因为,由于“指一种间接原因,

1.Itmusthaverainedlastnight,fortheroadiswet路面湿滑.

•材料介词of和from的用法

*bemadeof“由--制成”,用于成品与材料的性质不变时,

1.Thedeskismadeofwood.课桌由木头制成。

2.Thesocksaremadeofsilk.袜子有丝绸制成。

*bemadefrom”由--制成",用于成品与材料的性质已变时,

1.Wineismadefromgrapes.酒由葡萄制成。

2.Paperismadefromwood,纸由木头制成。

・表示“用”的介词in、with,by的用法辨析

*介词in表示“用材料、声音,语言”

介词with表示“用工具、某物”

介词by表示“用、以、靠、通过…方法”

1.CanyousayitinEnglish?用英语说

2.Idrawapicturewithacolorpen.用彩色笔写字

3.Thegirlmademoneybysellingflowers.女孩通过卖花来赚钱

•介词between与among的用法辨析

*介词between表示“在两者之间”

介词among表示“在…当中(三者或以上)之间

1・Don'tsitbetweenthetwogirls.

2.Thereisahotelbetweenthebankandthepayphone.

3.Theylivedamongthemountains群山之间inthepast.

4.Thebadnewsspread传播amongthestudents在学生间quickly.

•介词besides与except的用法辨析

*介词besides表示“除…之外(全部包括在内)“

介词except表示“除…之外(不计算在内)

1.WehaveseenthecrocodilebesidesLiFang.

2.WeareallChineseexceptTominourclass.

3.Thirtystudentswenttothecinemabesideshim.

除他以外,还有30个学生去看了电影。(他和另外30人都去了)

4.Heisinterestedintennisbesides(=aswellas)football.

除了足球,他还对网球感兴趣。

5.Everyoneisexcitedexceptme.

除我以外的每个人都很激动。(他们激动,而我却不激动)

6.AllthevisitorsareJapaneseexcepthim.

除他以外的所有游客都是日本人。(其他人是日本人,可他不是)

•表示计量的介词:at,for,by

*at表示“以……速度"”以……价格”

For表示具体价格,

by表示“以……计”,后跟度量单位。

l.Itflies飞atabout900kilometersahour.它以每小时900公里的速度飞行。

2.1soldmycaratahighprice.我以高价出售了我的汽车。

3.Wehavesweatersatagoodprice.以优惠价

4.Hesoldhiscarfor500dollars.他以五百元把车卖了。

5.Theypaidhimbymonth.他们按月给他计酬。

6.Hereeggsaresold被卖byweight.在这里鸡蛋是按重量卖的。

•表示工具或手段的介词:by,with,on

*by用某种方式,多用于交通。如bybus乘公共汽车,bye-mail.通过电子邮件。

(注:表示搭乘交通工具时,用by时不用冠词,用in时要用冠词)

1.1wentthere(bybus/inabus).我是坐公共汽车去的那儿。

*with表示“用某种工具”。

l.Hebrokethewindowwithastone.他用石头把玻璃砸坏了。

*on表示“以...方式”,多用于固定词组。

1.Theytalkedonthetelephone.他们通过电话进行交谈。

2.ShelearnsEnglishontheradio/onTV.她通过收音机/电视学英语。

3.HeenjoyswatchingsoccergameonTv.

・表示“关于的介词”:of^about,on

*thinkof/about认为,觉得

1.Whatdoyouthinkof/about认为,觉得Chinesefbod./-Ithinkit'sgreat.

2.Hethoughtabout考虑thismatteryesterday.他昨天考虑了这件事。

*abou俨关于"某人某事的情况和内容

l.Canyoutellmesomethingaboutyourself?

你能告诉我一些关于你自己的事情吗?

2.Theyaretalkingabout谈论关于(animals/Chinesemovies)

*on指“关于”学术性的或严肃的事。

l.Ifsatextbookonthehistoryofchina.它是一本有关中国历史的教科书。

・表示原因:

*becauseof“由于",表示引起结果的直接原因。

*Thankst。表示引起某种幸运结果的原因,常译为“幸亏……,多亏……”

l.Heretired退休lastmonth(becauseofillness疾病/becausehewasill).

2.ThankstoJohn,wewonthegame.多亏约翰,我们才赢了这场比赛。

3.Thankstothedoctor,mysisterwastakengoodcareo£

多亏了医生,我妹妹得到了很好的照顾。

4.Tomstayedinbed卧病在床(becauseofhisheadache/becausehehada

headache.)■表示好像或当作的介词:like,as

**like表示“像……一样'

*as表示“作为,以……身份而工作”

1.1wanttobuyasweaterlike像this我想要买一件像这样的毛衣。

2.Couldyoudoitlikethis?你可以像这样做这件事吗?

3.Hetalkedtomeasafkther.他以父亲的身份跟我谈话。

4.Shewantstofindajobasateacher/driver.

5.Thewomanworksasadoctorinahospital.

・表示支持或反对的介词

*against反对;for支持

1.Areyouformyideaoragainstit?你赞同还是反对我的想法?

中考旗专项训练:

l.Tomwasgoodplayingtheguitar,butnowheplaystheviolinwell.

2.Jennyisbetterdrawingthansinging.

3.pleasedon'tlaughher.sheonlymadeasmallmistake.

4.LastSunday,hestayedhomeandwatchedTVallday.

5.myfatherisworknow.

6.rmpoor薄弱myEnglish.

7.theway,couldyoutellmethetoHongxingHotel?

8.-Areyouinterestedreadingnovels?

-Yes,becauseinterestisthebestteacher.

9.Tonywasveryinmath,sohismathwasveryimpressedE|1象彳艮深.

10.ShestudiesEnglishwell,sheusuallywritesdiaries写日记English.

11.Whenyouaretrouble,youcouldaskpoliceforhelp.

12.You'renotallowedtoshoutothers另!J人public.

13.TheyarrivedBeijingyesterdayafternoon.

14.Godownthestreet沿着这条街道走,turnrightatthethirdcrossing.在第三

拐角处向右拐,then然后gostraight照直走untilyouarrivea

bridge,youwillseeabanknextalibrary.

15.Keepingtime守时isveryimportantforeverybodyinSwitzerland瑞士

16.-Howdoyougettowork?

-Igettoworkfoot.

17.0nhiswayschooljackmetanoldfriendofhisfatehrs?

18.-MayItrythegreycoat?

-Sure,hereisthefittingroom-----oh,itlooksniceyou.

19.TonyistalkingthephonewithhisfriendJenny.

2O.Theprice价格oftheapplesdepend取决于howmanykilosyouwantto

buy.

21.-WheredoyouwanttohaveatripthisNationalDay?

-MyfamilydecidedCanadaatlast.

22.Youshoulddrive_therightinChina,butinEnglandyouaresupposedto

drivetheleft.

23.It'stoocoldoutside,pleaseputyousweater.

It'stoohotoutside,pleasetakeyourcoat.

24.Thestudentsarelisteningtheteachercarefullynow.

25.1missyouverymuch,pleasewritemesoon.

26.Beforegoingbed,Tomusuallyspendsabout15miutesnewspaeres.

27.-Whosedictionaryisthis?

-ItmustbelongJim,thereishisnameonit.

28.TheteacherwasveryangryJenny,becauseshewaslateforclassagain.

29.Atthispoint在这一点上,hedoesn'tagreehisfather.

30.Nowdaysmanyteenagers青少年disagreetheirparents.

31.-Excuseme,CouldyouhelpmemyEnglishstudy?

-Sure」'dloveto.

32.Jacksonalwayshelpshismotherhouseworkathome.

33.Couldyouhelpmeswimming/sports?

34.Howdoyougetonyourfamily?

-Igetonwellwithmyfamily.

35-Jennygetsonwellhisclassmates.相处融洽

36.-What?sthematterwithyou?你怎么了?

-Iarguedmyparents,whatshouldIdo?

37.Myfatherisbusyhisworkallday.

38.Couldyoutellmehowtodealthisproblem?如何处理问题

39.ThemanwhoistalkingmyfatherismyPhysicsteacher.

4O.Hecamewithagoodidea/planfinally最终,他想出一个好主意/计划

41.TheweatherinAustraliaisverydifferentthatinChina.

42.Myhaircut发型isdifferentyours.

42.1havethesamehaircutXiaoMingdoes.

43.TonyisthesameageTom.

44.Heisnotastallhisdeskmates.

45.1comeJapan,!canspeakJapanese,!liveXiamennow.

46.Thepostofficeisacrossthesupermarket.

47.Thepayphoneislibraryandthehotel.

48.Theboysittingnextmeismyyoungerbrother.

49.-WhatdoyouthinkChinesefood?

-Ithinkit?sgreat.

50.CouldyougototheairporttomeetmyfriendLaowanginsteadme?

51.HecanspeakChineseofEnglish.

52.Helikesplayingbaseballofbasketball.

53.Pleasedon'tworryyourmother,sheisOknow.

54.1wasworriedmypetcat,becauseit'snotwell.

55.Theyaretalkinganimals.

56.Couldyoutellmesomethingyourfamily?

57.Jennypaidlotsofmoneyhernewcomputer.

58.ThetrainisleavingShanghaiat6pm.

59.Pleasedon'tbelateclass,it'snotgoodforyourstudy.

60.Tonywasalwayslateschoolbefore,butnowheisnevrlate.

61.Takingawalkafterdinner饭后散步isgoodforyourhealth.

62.Themanmaybelatework,hewalksoquickly.

63.-Whatareyoulooking?

-I'mlookingmylostpen,butIcan'tfindit.

64.Themotherlookedhissoneverywhere至U处,shelookedworried.

65.Heprefers他更喜欢牛奶而不是茶。

66.Heprefersstayingathomewatchingmovieswithfriendsonweekends.

67.Pleasedon'tuseyourmobilephoneinclass,ortheteacherwilltakeit.

MyteachertookmymobilephonewhenIuseditinclass.

68.Whenyouleavehome,pleasedon'tforgettoturnthelight.

69.Pleasedon'tgivehopewhenyoumeettrouble遇上困境。

7O.Pleasehelpmeputthepictureonthewall.

71.Mylittlesisterissleeping,pleaseturnthemusic.

72.1wanttohearthemusictogetherwithyou,couldyouturnitalittle?

73.Heisakindandgenerousman,hegiveslotsofmoney___tothehopeproject

捐钱给希望工程。」

74.Hefixed修理thebikesandgavethemtothekids.

75.MyEnglishteacherisveykind,sheregardsusstudentshiskids.

76.1usedtobeafraidthebigdog,butnowI'mnotafraidatall.

77.Thefarmers农民aregettingreadythenextyear.

78.-Howfarisityourhometoschool?

-It'salittlefarhere.离这儿有点远。

-It'squitefarhere,离这儿相当远。

79.Theyarewaitingabusatthebusstation.

Heiswaitingyouatthegate在门边now.

8O.Heiscomingbackthreehours.三小时后他要回来。

81.1havebeenherealongtime.

82.LaoWanghasbeenlivinginXiamen(twoyears/twoyearsago).

83.Lastnighthedidn?tgotobed12o'clock.

84.1studyEnglishmakingflashingandwatchingEnglishmovies.

85.Tomisthetallest最高___thefour.

86.It'sveryimportantmetoeatmorefruits.

87.Heworkedadoctorinahospital.

88.1boughtsomeflowersapresent作为礼物Teachers,Day.

89.Englishisspoken被说asecondlanguage作为第二门外语inmany

countries在许多国家

9O.-CanIhelpyou,please?

-I'dliketobuyasweaterthis.

91.Tim'smumisworriedherson'seyesight视力as由于heplaysonline

gamestoomuch.

92.HelikeswatchingsoccerTV

93.Theboyislookinghiswallet钱包everywhere至1j处。

94.Man人类willnotlive生存sunshine阳关andwater.

95.yourhelp.Icouldn'tdoitbetter.

thehelpofhim在他的帮助下.Ifinishedthejobtime.

中考常用I介词词组I:

||.atfirst首先;atthebeginningof——开始;

begoodat擅长;not—atall一一点也不;

atwork在上班;atdinner在吃饭;

atthesametime在同时;Sitatthetable在饭桌旁(吃饭);

stayathome呆在家;atthebackof在…后面;Laughatsb取笑某人

atleast至少;shoutatsb对着一大叫;

knockatthedoor敲门;lookat瞧,看一看…

目・bytheway顺便说(问)一下;bybike骑自行车;

bycar/taxi坐车Byhand用手;bytheendof到…结束时;

bythetime到…时候;Daybyday一天又一天;

§.inaword总而言之;inEnglish用英语;

stayinbed卧病在床;Beillinhospital生病住院;

inpublic在公共场合;beintrouble处于困境

Infact事实上;inahurry匆忙地

inthestreet在街道上;

inspace在太空;inthisway用这种方法;

intheday在白天;intheend最终;

beinterestedin对…感兴趣;arrivein/at到达

dowellin做得好;bebornin出生于;

takepartin参力口;handin上交;

@.ontime准时;onfoot步行;

ontheleft在左边;Ontheright在右边

onone'swayto在一路上;onduty在值日;

Outofwork失业;decideon决定;

tryon试穿;Passonmessage传递口信;

dependon依

温馨提示

  • 1. 本站所有资源如无特殊说明,都需要本地电脑安装OFFICE2007和PDF阅读器。图纸软件为CAD,CAXA,PROE,UG,SolidWorks等.压缩文件请下载最新的WinRAR软件解压。
  • 2. 本站的文档不包含任何第三方提供的附件图纸等,如果需要附件,请联系上传者。文件的所有权益归上传用户所有。
  • 3. 本站RAR压缩包中若带图纸,网页内容里面会有图纸预览,若没有图纸预览就没有图纸。
  • 4. 未经权益所有人同意不得将文件中的内容挪作商业或盈利用途。
  • 5. 人人文库网仅提供信息存储空间,仅对用户上传内容的表现方式做保护处理,对用户上传分享的文档内容本身不做任何修改或编辑,并不能对任何下载内容负责。
  • 6. 下载文件中如有侵权或不适当内容,请与我们联系,我们立即纠正。
  • 7. 本站不保证下载资源的准确性、安全性和完整性, 同时也不承担用户因使用这些下载资源对自己和他人造成任何形式的伤害或损失。

评论

0/150

提交评论