专升本英语(阅读理解)模拟试卷4含答案和解析

专升本英语(阅读理解)模拟试卷4

阅读理解

Readingisthoughttobeakindofconversationbetweenthereader

andthetext.Thereaderputsquestions,asitwere,tothetextandgets

answers.

Inthelightoftheseheputsfurtherquestions,andsoon.

Formostofthetimethis\

1.Readingasakindofconversationbetweenthereaderandthetext

becomesconsciousonlywhen.(B)

A.thereader'sexpectationsagreewithwhatissaidinthetext

B.thereaderhastroubleunderstandingwhattheauthorsays

C.thereaderasksquestionsandgetsanswers

D.thereaderunderstandsatextverywell

解析:文章第二段Formostofthetimethis"conversation“goeson

belowthelevelofconsciousness.Attimes,however,webecomeaware

ofit.Thisisusuallywhenwearerunningintodifficulties,when

mismatchisoccurringbetweenexpectationsandmeaning.止匕题的关键

是读出attimes相当于题目中的when。

2.Atalowerlevelofcomprehension,readerstendto.(D)

A.readatextslowly

B.readwithoutthinkinghard

C.interpretatextintheirownway

D.concentrateonthemeaningofwordsonly

解析：文章第三段Somestayveryclosetothewordsonthepage.故选

Do

3.A\(A)

A.theapplicationofreadingstrategies

B.matchingourexpectationswiththemeaningofatext

C.thedevelopmentofourabilitytocheckthedetails

D.determiningthemainideaofatext

解析：文中第四段Wecallthisa^process^conversationasopposedtoa

“content“conversation.Itisconcernednotwithmeaningbutwiththe

strategies(策略)weemployinreading.这里的关键是读出it指代的是

processo

4.Accordingtothepassage,itisofgreatimportanceforreadersata

higherleveltomaintainabalancebetween.(C)

A.consciousandunconsciouslevelsofcomprehension

B.thereaders'expectationsandthemeaningofatext

C.lowerandhigherlevelsofcomprehension

D.interpretingandcriticizingatext

解析：文章第三段Thelatterrepresentshigherlevelsof

comprehension.Thebalancebetweentheseisimportant,especiallyfor

advancedreaders.这里的advancedreader即是题目中的readersata

higherleveL

5.Ifwewanttodevelopourreadingabilityatanadvancedlevel,we

should.（A）

A.learntousedifferentapproachesinreadingdifferenttexts

B.makeourreadingprocessmoreconscious

C.paymoreattentiontothecontentofatext

D.takeacriticalattitudetowardstheauthor'sideas

解析:文章最后一段最后一句Itispreciselythiskindofconversation

thatisofimportancewhenweareseekingtodevelopourreadingto

meetthenewdemandsbeingplaceduponusbystudyingatahigher

level.故A对。

Thereisnodenyingthatstudentsshouldlearnsomethingabout

howcomputerswork,justasweexpectthematleasttounderstandthat

theinternal-combustionengine（内燃机）hassomethingtodowith

burningfuel,expandinggasesandpistons（活塞）beingdrive.Forpeople

shouldhavesomebasicideaofhowthethingsthattheyusedowhat

theydo.Further;studentsmightbehelpedbyacoursethatconsiders

thecomputer'simpactonsociety.Butthatisnotwhatismeantby

computerliteracy.Forcomputerliteracyisnotaformofliteracy（读写能

力）；itisatradeskillthatshouldnotbetaughtasaliberalart.

Learninghowtouseacomputerandlearninghowtoprogramone

aretwodistinctactivities.Acasemightbemadethatthecompetent

citizensoftomorrowshouldfreethemselvesfromtheirfearof

computers.Butthisisquitedifferentfromsayingthatalloughttoknow

howtoprogramone.Leavethattopeoplewhohavechosen

programmingasacareer,whileprogrammingcanbelotsoffun,and

whileoursocietyneedssomepeoplewhoareexpertsatit,thesameis

trueofautorepairandviolin-making.

Learninghowtousecomputerisnotthatdifficult,anditgetseasier

allthetimeasprogramsbecomemore\

6.Theauthor'spurposeinwritingthispassageis.(B)

A.tostresstheimpactofthecomputeronsociety

B.toexplaintheconceptofcomputerliteracy

C.toillustratetherequirementforbeingcompetentcitizensof

tomorrow

D.toemphasizethatcomputerprogrammingisaninterestingand

challengingjob

解析：通读全文可知，作者主要讲述的是使用计算机能力的一些内容,

A、C、D所述均不正确，只有B项是作者的写作目的所在。

7.Accordingtotheauthor,thephrase\(C)

A.asetofrules

B.thefundamentalofcomputerscience

C.specificprograms

D.generalprinciplesofprogramming

解析：由文章最后一句Onecanonlyteachpeopletousethisorthat

programandgenerallythatiseasilyaccomplished.可知选Co

8.Learningtouseacomputerisgettingeasierallthetime

because.(B)

A.programsarebecominglesscomplicated

B.programsaredesignedtobeconvenienttousers

C.programmingisbecomingeasierandeasier

D.programsarebecomingreadilyavailabletocomputerusers

解析：Learninghowtousecomputerisnotthatdifficult,anditgets

easierallthetimeasprogramsbecomemore〃user-friendly".止匕题的关键

是理解"user-friendly〃的意思，〃对用户友好的，容易使用的〃。故选B。

9.Inthesecondparagraph\(D)

A.programmingacomputerisasinterestingasmakingaviolin

B.oursocietyneedsexpertsindifferentfields

C.violin-makingrequiresasmanyskillsascomputerprogramming

D.peoplewhocanuseacomputerdon'tnecessarilyhavetoknow

computerprogram

解析：thesameistrueofautorepairandviolin—making,在这里用auto

repair和violin—making分别指代使用电脑和懂得编程的人。

10.Tobethecompetentcitizensoftomorrow,peopleshould.(C)

A.trytolayasolidfoundationincomputerscience

B.beawareofhowthethingsthattheyusedowhattheydo

C.learntouseacomputerbyacquiringacertainsetofskills

D.understandthatprogrammingacomputerismoreessentialthan

repairingacar

解析：根据第二段Learninghowtouseacomputerandlearninghowto

programonearetwodistinctactivities.Acasemightbemadethat

thecompetentcitizensoftomorrowshouldfreethemselvesfromtheir

fearofcomputers.可知C正确。

Psychologyandsociologyarebothcategorizedassocialsciences,

andbothstudyhumanbehavior.However;psychologyisthestudyof

individualbehavior,whereassociologyisthestudyofgroupbehavior.

Psychologydealswiththepossibleproblemsanindividualmight

haveinsocialinteractionwithotherindividuals,butthemainconcernof

sociologyisthewaysthatdifferentsocietieswithdifferentculturesdeal

witheachother.

Sociologyasksandtriestoanswerquestionslikethese:whydoes

onesocietyprogressrapidlyandanotheroneremainprimitivefor

centuries?Whatisthemainreasonforrevolutioninasociety?Whatis

theroleofreligionorartinasociety?

Psychologyasksandtriestoanswerquestionslikethese:whydoes

anindividualadapteasilytoachangingenvironmentandanother

individualbecomementallydisturbed?Whatarethecausesofantisocial

behavior?Whatroledoesreligionorartplayinanindividual'smental

andemotionallife?

Psychologyandsociologyoftenworktogetherintheirstudyof

humanbehavior.Itisassumedthatbybetterunderstandingindividual

motivationandbehavior,morewillbelearnedaboutgroupmotivation

andbehavior.Thereverseisalsoassumed:ifscientistscanlearnmore

aboutsocialgroups,theywilllearnmoreaboutindividuals.

ll.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrue?(B)

A.Bothpsychologyandsociologystudyhumanbehavior.

B.Mentalproblemsshouldbedealtwithbyasociologist.

C.Sociologyisthestudyofgroupbehavior.

D.Psychologypaysmoreattentiontoindividualsthantogroups.

解析：文章第—段psychologyisthestudyofindividualbehavior,

whereassociologyisthestudyofgroupbehavior和Psychologydeals

withthepossibleproblemsanindividualmighthaveinsocialinteraction

withotherindividuals可知A、C^D正确,mentalproblem足psychology

所研究的对象，故选B。

12.Awordwhichcantaketheplaceof\(C)

A.consequence

B.result

C.opposite

D.implication

解析：由文章最后一段最后两句Itisassumedthatbybetter

understandingindividualmotivationandbehavior,morewillbelearned

aboutgroupmotivationandbehavior.Thereverseisalsoassumed：if

scientistscanlearnmoreaboutsocialgroups,theywilllearnmoreabout

individuals.可知，这两句讲的是相互对立的两个方面，故reverse前

后假设的条件和结果正好相反。故C对。

13.Accordingtotheauthor,.(A)

A.psychologyandsociologybenefitfromeachother'sresearch

B.toomuchemphasisonpsychologymaycausesocialproblems

C.thestudyofgroupbehavioristheinterestofpsychologists

D.differentsocietieswithdifferentculturescannotgetalongwell

解析：由文章的第四段Psychologyandsociologyoftenworktogetherin

theirstudyofhumanbehavior…及其后面的内容可知，研究个体对团体

的行为研究有利，而研究团体也对个体的行为研究有利。因此选A。

14.Whichofthefollowingquestionsistheconcernofpsychology?(C)

A.Whatistheroleofreligionorartinasociety?

B.Whatisthemainreasonforrevolutioninasociety?

C.Whatarethecausesofantisocialbehavior?

D.Whydoesonesocietyprogressmorerapidlythananother?

解析：文章第三段Psychologyasksandtriestoanswerquestionslike

these：...Whatarethecausesofantisocialbehavior?讲的都是心理学所

涉猎的内容，所以选C。A、B、D项所述都是社会学研究的内容。

15.Whatwouldbeanappropriatetitleforthispassage?(A)

A.PsychologyandSociology

B.IndividualandGroup

C.HumanBehaviorStudy

D.MainConcernsofSocialSciences

解析：文章第一段讲了心理学和社会学的定义及区别，第二段重点讲

社会学，第三段重点讲心理学，最后一段讲两者之间的合作互利。故

A对。

CanalsexistedinEgyptthousandsofyearsago.Thegreatcanalat

Babylonwasbuiltabout2000B.C..TheGrandCanalofChina,whichis

over900mileslong,wasbegunabout2500yearsago,andtook

centuriestofinish.Duringtheseventeenthcentury,Francebuiltmany

canalsthatarestillinusetoday.However,theyarenotsoheavily

traveledastheywereahundredyearsago,beforerailwayswerebuilt.

Onesuchcanalisashort-cutbetweentheAtlanticOceanandthe

Mediterranean.CanalsinGermanypermitboatstogofromtheBlackSea

totheNorthSea.TheKielCanalprovidesapassagewaybetweenthe

NorthSeaandtheBaltic.InAmerica,theGreatLakesareallconnected

bycanals,enablingshipstogofromtheAtlanticOceanandtheSt.

LawrenceRivertoLakeSuperior.

Itisimpossibletoanswerthequestion,\

16.Themainpurposeoftheauthorinwritingthispassageismost

probablyto.(C)

A.discussthedevelopmentofcanalsintheworld

B.introducethehistoryofimportantcanalsintheworld

C.illustratetheusefulnessofcanals

D.suggestthenecessitytomakebetteruseofcanals

解析：文章列举了运河在历史上和现今的地位和作用，故C正确。

17.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTTRUEaccordingtothis

passage?(A)

A.Boatstravelfasterinthecanalthanintheriver.

B.Canalsmakethevoyageofshipsshorter.

C.Canalsarestillusedforthedeliveryofgoods.

D.Canalsprovideameansofcheaptransportationeventoday.

解析：只有A是文中没有提到的。

18.ltisimpliedinthepassagethatthefirstcanalwasprobably

built.(C)

A.inChina

B.about2000B.C.

C.forirrigation

D.forboattravel

解析：文章第二段Perhapssomepeoplelongago,livinginadrycountry,

discoveredthattheycoulddigditchestoirrigatetheirfieldswithriver

water.可知C。

19.Accordingtothispassage,canalsinEuropewerebuiltprimarily

for.(A)

A.transport

B.irrigation

C.drainage

D.electricity

解析：由文章第一段第五句However,theyarenotsoheavilytraveledas

theywereahundredyearsago,beforerailwayswerebuilt.和第二段最

后一句Acanaljoiningtworiversprovedbotheasyandtime-savingfor

boattravel可知A对。

2O.Whichofthefollowingpairsofplaceshasnotyetbeenconnectedby

canal?(D)

A.TheNorthSeaandtheBlackSea.

B.TheAtlanticOceanandtheMediterraneanSea.

C.TheNorthSeaandtheBaltic.

D.TheBlackSeaandtheBaltic.

解析：文章第一段Onesuchcanalisashort-cutbetweentheAtlantic

OceanandtheMediterranean.CanalsinGermanypermitboatstogo

fromtheBlackSeatotheNorthSea.TheKielCanalprovidesa

passagewaybetweentheNorthSeaandtheBaltic.这里提到了The

NorthSeaandtheBlackSea,TheAtlanticOceanandtheMediterranean

Sea,TheNorthSeaandtheBaltic.但没有TheBlackSeaandthe

Baltic.故选Do

Psychologyandsociologyarebothcategorizedassocialsciences,

andbothstudyhumanbehavior.However,psychologyisthestudyof

individualbehavior,whereassociologyisthestudyofgroupbehavior.

Psychologydealswiththepossibleproblemsanindividualmighthavein

socialinteractionwithotherindividuals,butthemainconcernof

sociologyisthewaysthatdifferentsocietieswithdifferentculturesdeal

witheachother.

Sociologyasksandtriestoanswerquestionslikethese:whydoes

onesocietyprogressrapidlyandanotheroneremainprimitivefor

centuries?Whatisthemainreasonforrevolutioninasociety?Whatis

theroleofreligionorartinasociety?

Psychologyasksandtriestoanswerquestionslikethese;whydoes

anindividualadapteasilytoachangingenvironmentandanother

individualbecomementallydisturbed?Whatarethecausesofantisocial

behavior?Whatroledoesreligionorartplayinanindividual'smental

andemotionallife?

Psychologyandsociologyoftenworktogetherintheirstudyof

humanbehavior.Itisassumedthatbybetterunderstandingindividual

motivationandbehavior,morewillbelearnedaboutgroupmotivation

andbehavior.Thereverseisalsoassumed:ifscientistscanlearnmore

aboutsocialgroups,theywilllearnmoreaboutindividuals.

21.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrue?(B)

A.Bothpsychologyandsociologystudyhumanbehavior.

B.Mentalproblemsshouldbedealtwithbyasociologist.

C.Sociologyisthestudyofgroupbehavior.

D.Psychologypaysmoreattentiontoindividualsthantogroups.

解析：文章第一段psychologyisthestudyofindividualbehavior,

whereassociologyisthestudyofgroupbehavior和Psychologydeals

withthepossibleproblemsanindividualmighthaveinsocialinteraction

withotherindividuals可知A、C^D正确,mentalproblem是psychology

所研究的对象，故选B。

22.Awordwhichcantaketheplaceof