高考英语阅读理解说明文问题解决型课件

高考说明文专题1、什么是说明文？2、说明文考什么？3、说明文怎么解题？1、说明文是什么？定义：说明文（expositoryessay）是以分享知识，给出说明，传递信息或者想法为主要内容；以解释，描述，告知和定义为主要目标的文章。2、说明文考什么？2、说明文考什么？3、说明文阅读理解怎么做？1)

消除对说明文的”恐惧”和“偏见”。2）定位文章主题---第1或者第1、2段3）判断文章行文发展结构“一览众山小”真题讲解：问题-解决类

2022.6天津

身体影响认知

阅读并归纳段落大意Para1:Isittruethatourbrainaloneisresponsibleforhumancognition(认知)?Whataboutourbody?Isitpossibleforthoughtandbehaviortooriginatefromsomewhereotherthanourbrain?PsychologistswhostudyEmbodiedCognition(EC)asksimilarquestions.TheECtheorysuggestsourbodyisalsoresponsibleforthinkingorproblem-solving.Moreprecisely,themindshapesthebodyandthebodyshapesthemindinequalmeasure.Para1:hook(提问的形式)给出结论（suggest后面真题讲解：问题-解决类

2022.6身体影响认知

阅读并归纳段落大意

Para2:Ifyouthinkaboutitforamoment,itmakestotalsense.Whenyousmellsomethinggoodorhearamusingsounds,certainemotionsareawakened.Thinkabouthownewbornsusetheirsensestounderstandtheworldaroundthem.Theydon’thaveemotionssomuchasneeds—theydon’tfeelsad,they’rejusthungryandneedfood.Evenunbornbabiescanfeeltheirmothers’heartbeatsandthishasacalmingeffect.Intherealworld，theycrywhenthey’recoldandthengethugged.Thatway,theystarttoas-sociatebeingwarmwithbeingloved.Para2:新生儿用感官认知周围世界的例子证明结论.真题讲解：问题-解决类

2022.6身体影响认知

阅读并归纳段落大意para3:Understandably,theoristshavebeenarguingforyearsandstilldisagreeonwhetherthebrainisthenervecentrethatoperatestherestofthebody.OlderWesternphilosophersandmainstreamlanguageresearchersbelievethisisfact,whileECtheorisesthatthebrainandbodyareworkingtogetherasanorganicsupercomputer,processingeverythingandformingyourreactions.Para3:新旧理论对比真题讲解：问题-解决类

2022.6身体影响认知

阅读并归纳段落大意para4:

Furtherstudieshavebackedupthemind-bodyinteraction.Inoneexperiment,testsubjects(实验对象)wereaskedtojudgepeopleafterbeinghandedahotoracolddrink.Theyallmadewarmevaluationswhentheirfingertipsperceivedwarmthratherthancoolness.Anditworkstheotherwaytoo;inanotherstudy,subjects’fingertiptemperaturesweremeasuredafterbeing“included”inor“rejected”fromagrouptask.Thosewhowereincludedfeltphysicallywarmer.Para4:实验例子证明新理论正确性真题讲解：问题-解决类

2022.6身体影响认知

阅读并归纳段落大意para5:Forfurtherproof,wecanlookatthemetaphors(比喻说法)thatweusewithouteventhinking.Akindandsympatheticpersonisfrequentlyreferredtoasonewithasoftheartandsomeonewhoisverystrongandcalmindifficultsituationsisoftendescribedassolidasarock.Andthiskindofmetaphoricaluseiscommonacrosslanguages.Para5:语言习惯（打比喻）例子证明新结论正确性真题讲解：问题-解决类

2022.6身体影响认知

阅读并归纳段落大意para6:Nowthatyouhavetheknowledgeofmind-bodyinteraction,whynotuseit?Ifyou’rehavingabadday,awarmcupofteawillgiveyouaflashofpleasure.Ifyouknowyou’rephysicallycold,warmupbeforemakinganyinterpersonaldecisions.Para6:写作目的(whynotuseit?)真题讲解：问题-解决类

2022.6身体影响认知

总结Para1:hook(提问的形式)给出结论（suggest后面）Para2:新生儿用感官认知周围世界的例子证明结论。Para3:新旧理论对比Para4:实验例子证明新理论正确性Para5:语言习惯（打比喻）例子证明新结论正确性。Para6:写作目的(whynotuseit?)结构：总—分—总发展模式：问题----------解决问题

2.Ifyouthinkaboutitforamoment,itmakestotalsense.Whenyousmellsomethinggoodorhearamusingsounds,certainemotionsareawakened.Thinkabouthownewbornsusetheirsensestounderstandtheworldaroundthem.Theydon’thaveemotionssomuchasneeds—theydon’tfeelsad,they’rejusthungryandneedfood.Evenunbornbabiescanfeeltheirmothers’heartbeatsandthishasacalmingeffect.Intherealworld，theycrywhenthey’recoldandthengethugged.Thatway,theystarttoas-sociatebeingwarmwithbeingloved.47.Wheredoesthenewborns’understandingoftheirsurroundingsstartfrom?A.Theirpersonallooks.B.Theirmentalneeds.C.Theirinneremotions.D.Theirphysicalfeelings.细节题：同义替换

4.Furtherstudieshavebackedupthemind-bodyinteraction.Inoneexperiment,testsubjects(实验对象)wereaskedtojudgepeopleafterbeinghandedahotoracolddrink.Theyallmadewarmevaluationswhentheirfingertipsperceivedwarmthratherthancoolness.Anditworkstheotherwaytoo;inanotherstudy,subjects’fingertiptemperaturesweremeasuredafterbeing“included”inor“rejected”fromagrouptask.Thosewhowereincludedfeltphysicallywarmer.48.TheexperimentsmentionedinParagraph4furtherprove________.A.environmentimpactshowwejudgeothers（例子）B.howbodytemperatureisrelatedtohealth（无关）C.

themindandthebodyinfluenceeachotherD.howhumansinteractwiththeirsurroundings（不是他俩的关系）中心句解释是为了证明中心句5.Forfurtherproof,…49WhatdoestheauthorintendtoprovebycitingthemetaphorsinParagraph5?A.Humanspeechisalivewithmetaphors.B.Humansenseshaveeffectsonthinking.C.Humanlanguageisshapedbyvisualimages.D.Humanemotionsareoftencomparedtonaturalmaterials.第一段：中心结论…ourbodyisalsoresponsibleforthinkingorproblem-solving.5段的例子还是为了证明中心结论总结解题方法※1.定位主题即研究结论：第一段（或第二段）最后，sug