江苏省南京市鼓楼区统考2024-2025学年高一英语上学期期中试题含解析

PAGEPAGE26江苏省南京市鼓楼区统考2024-2025学年高一英语上学期期中试题（含解析）第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面五段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.WhatisJim?A.Astudent.B.Anofficer.C.Ateacher.2.HowwastheJourney?A.Satisfying.B.Exciting.C.Disappointing.3.WhattimedidSuzyleavehome?A.4:30.B.5:00.C.5:15.4.Whatistheman’ssuggestion?A.Goingtotheconcert.B.Goingtoseeashow.C.Justwalkinground.5.Whywasthewomansolate?A.Somethingwentwrongwiththebus.B.Shetooksomebodytothehospital.C.Shedidn’tcatchthebus.其次节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面五段对话成独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小愿，每小题五秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间，每段对话成独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6和第7两个小题。6.Whatisthemanhavingtroublewith?A.Memory.B.Driving.C.Money.7.Whydoesthemantalktothewoman?A.Toborrowsomemoney.B.Totakealift.C.Toaskforadvice.听第7段材料，回答第8至11四个小题。8.Whatarethemanandwomanlookingfor?A.Acomfortablehotel.B.Amodernhotel.C.Aninexpensivehotel.9.Whomdidthemanandwomanaskforhelp?AApolicewoman.B.Awaitress.C.Apasser-by.10.Wherecouldthemanandwomanfindahoteltheyneeded?A.Inthenextstreet.B.Nexttoabank.C.Two-minutedrivetothewest.11.Wheredidtheconversationmostlikelytakeplace?A.Inastreet.B.Inarestaurant.C.Inahotel.听第8段材料，回答第12至14三个小题。12.Whatpresentwilltheboygetforhisbirthday?A.Abike.B.AnMP4player.C.Acamera.13.Wherewillthefamilyhavetheirspecialdinner?A.Athome.B.Atarestaurant.C.Attheboy’sgrandmother’s.14.Whatwilltheydothisafternoon?A.Cookathome.B.Visitgrandmother.C.Doshopping.听第9段材料，回答第15-17三个小题。15.Whatdoesthewomanaskthemantodotonight?A.Playtennis.B.Havedinnerwithher.C.Helpwithherschoolwork.16.WhatisthemangoingtodoinMiami?A.Setupacoffeeshop.B.Gosightseeing.C.Attendawedding.17.Whereisthewomangoingnow?A.Tothetenniscourt.B.Tothecoffeeshop.C.Toschool.听第10段材料，回答第18至20三个小题。18.Howmanynewsheadlinesarebroadcast?A.4B.5C.619.WhathappenedearlyonSaturdaymorning?A.ARussianrockedwassentup.B.Atourbusslidoffahighway.C.Threeaidworkerswerekilled.20.Howmanypeoplewerekilledinthegasexplosion?A.Atleast4.B.About30.C.Over40.其次部分阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。ATheAdventuresofTomSawyerTheAdventuresofTomSawyer,byMarkTwain,ispartoftheBarnes&NobleClassicsseries,whichoffersqualityeditionsataffordablepricestothestudentandthegeneralreader.Perhapsthebest-lovednineteenth-centuryAmericannovel,MarkTwain’staleofboyhoodadventureisfilledwithfun,warmth,andenergy.Itbringsmanyimpressivecharacterstheself-confidentTom,hisbestfriendHuckFinn,niceAuntPolly,andthelovelyBeck.TheAdventuresofPinocchioTheAdventuresofPinocchioisanovelforchildrenbyItalianauthorCarloCollodi.Thefirsthalfwasoriginallyaserial(连载小说)between1881and1883,andthenlatercompletedasabookforchildrenin1883.ItisaboutthenaughtyadventuresofPinocchioandhispoorfathernamedGeppetto.Itisconsideredaclassicofchildren’sliteratureandhasinspiredmanyworksofart.Alice’sAdventuresinWonderlandBoredonahotafternoon,AlicefollowsaWhiteRabbitdownarabbit-holewithoutthinkingabouthowshemightgetout.Andsoshetumbles(跌跌撞撞)intoWonderland;whereanimalsanswerback,ababyturnsintoapig,timestandsstill.WillAlicebeabletofindherwayhomeagain?1.Thethreebooksaresimilarbecausetheyareall______.A.serialstories B.talesofadventuresC.fromthesamebook D.writtenbyAmericannovelists2.Ifyouwanttoexploreamagicworldwithanimals,youcanchoose______.A.TheAdventuresofTomSawyer B.TheAdventuresofPinocchioC.Alice’sAdventuresinWonderland D.Barnes&NobleClassics3.Whatisthepassage?A.Abookreview. B.Atraveldiary.C.Anewsreport. D.Aresearchplan.【答案】1.B2.C3.A【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要是《汤姆·索亚历险记》、《皮诺曹历险记》和《爱丽丝梦游仙境》三本闻名的冒险故事书的书评。【1题详解】细微环节理解题。依据文章三本书的书名“TheAdventuresofTomSawyer”、“TheAdventuresofPinocchio”和“Alice’sAdventuresinWonderland”可知，三本书很相像，因为它们都是讲解并描述的冒险故事。故选B。【2题详解】细微环节理解题。依据文章Alice’sAdventuresinWonderland中的“Boredonahotafternoon,AlicefollowsaWhiteRabbitdownarabbit-holewithoutthinkingabouthowshemightgetout.(在一个燥热的下午，无聊的爱丽丝跟着一只白兔进了一个兔子洞，没有考虑她怎样才能出去。)”和“whereanimalsanswerback,ababyturnsintoapig,timestandsstill.(动物们在哪里回应，婴儿变成猪，时间静止不动。)”可知，假如你想探究一个有动物的魔法世界，就选择《爱丽丝梦游仙境》。故选C。3题详解】推理推断题。依据全文内容可知，文章主要介绍了《汤姆·索亚历险记》、《皮诺曹历险记》和《爱丽丝梦游仙境》三本闻名的冒险故事书，除了内容简介外，还有一些评论。所以本文是一篇书评。故选A。BAtnoonthatday,Idrovebacktomyhouseaftertheperformance.JustasIenteredthelivingroom,Iheardagentlesoundcomingfromthebedroomupstairs—itwasthesoundofmyfavoriteviolin.“Thief!”Idashedupstairs.Sureenough,asexpected,aboyofabout12yearsoldwaspettingmyviolin.Theboyhadmessyhairandathinface,hisoversizedcoatseeminglyfilledwithsomething.Atfirstglance,Ifoundanewpairofshoesmissing.Itseemedthathewassurelyathief.Then,Isawhiseyesfulloffearanddespair.Myangerwasimmediatelyreplacedbyasmile.Iasked,“AreyouMr.Ram’snephew,Michael?I’mhishousekeeper.Twodaysago,Iheardhisnephewlivinginthecountrysidewillcome.Itmustbeyou.You’rereallylikehim!”Hearingmywords,theboywasfirstastonished,butthenquicklysaid,“Hasmyunclegoneout?IthinkI’dbetterfirstgooutforawalkandvisithimagaininawhile.”Inoddedandaskedtheboywhowaspreparingtoputdowntheviolin,“Doyouliketoplaytheviolinsomuch?”“Yes,butI’msopoorthatIcan’taffordit,”theboyreplied.“Then,Igivethisviolintoyou.”Theboylookedatmequestioningly,buthepickeduptheviolin.Goingouttothelivingroom,hesuddenlysawonthewallmyhugecolorphotoIperformedintheSydneyOperaHouse.Hetrembled(颤抖)foramomentandranoutwithoutlookingback.Iwassurethattheboyhadunderstoodwhathappenedbecausenoonewoulddecoratethelivingroomwiththehousekeeper’sphoto.Afewyearslater,atamusiccompetitionofseniorhighschoolstudentsinMelbourne,Iwasinvitedtojudgethefinal.Finally,aviolinplayercalledMerrittwonthefirstprizewithhisstrength!Aftertheaward,Merrittrantomeholdingaviolinbox,excited,asked,“Mr.Brian,doyoustillknowme?Youhavegivenmeaviolin,whichIhavebeentreasuringuntiltoday!Today,Icangivebackthisviolintoyouwithoutregret…”Itturnedoutthathewas“Mr.Ram’snephewMichael”!Tearswelledupinmyeyes.4.Whydidtheauthoraddresstheboy“Mr.Ram’snephew,Michael”?A.BecauseMichaelistheboy’sname.B.BecausehemistooktheboyforMichael.C.Becausehewantedtoprotecttheboy’sself-respect.D.Becausehewouldliketomakefriendswiththeboy.5.Whoistheauthor?A.Thehousekeeper. B.Thehouseowner.C.Theboy’suncle. D.Theboy’steacher.6.Whichofthefollowingcanbestdescribetheauthor?A.Kindanddevoted. B.Thoughtfulandgenerous.C.Humorousandselfless. D.Warm-heartedandenergetic.7.Whatmessagedoesthestoryconvey?A.Musichasastrongpower.B.Beingkindcangetrewarded.C.Practicemakesagoodmusician.D.Smallkindnesscanmakeadifference.【答案】4.C5.B6.B7.D【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。一个小男孩到作者家偷窃，作者为了爱护他的自尊，谎称自己是管家，并送了一把小提琴给他。男孩发觉作者是房主后飞速地带着小提琴逃跑了。许多年之后，在一个小提琴赛上，作者和这个男孩重逢，他用自己的实力获得了第一名。故事告知我们一个道理：一个小小的善行会有大大的不同。【4题详解】推理推断题。依据其次段的“Theboyhadmessyhairandathinface,hisoversizedcoatseeminglyfilledwithsomething.Atfirstglance,Ifoundanewpairofshoesmissing.Itseemedthathewassurelyathief.”（这个男孩头发脏乱，瘦小的脸，他宽大的外套好像装着东西。瞥一眼，我发觉一双新鞋不见了。他确定是个小偷）和第三段的“I’mhishousekeeper.Twodaysago,Iheardhisnephewlivinginthecountrysidewillcome.Itmustbeyou.You’rereallylikehim!”（我是他的管家。两天前，我听说他住在乡下的外甥要来。确定就是你。你和他长的很像。）可知，小男孩拿了家里的东西，被作者望见了，而作者谎称自己是管家，主动给小男孩台阶下。由此推知，作者那样说是为了爱护男孩的自尊心。故选C。【5题详解】细微环节理解题。依据第一段的“Atnoonthatday,Idrovebacktomyhouseaftertheperformance.”（那天中午，我在表演后开车回家）和倒数第五段的“Goingouttothelivingroom,hesuddenlysawonthewallmyhugecolorphotoIperformedintheSydneyOperaHouse.”（走到客厅，他突然看到墙上挂着我在悉尼歌剧院表演的巨大彩色照片。）可知，客厅墙上挂着作者的照片，因此作者是房子的主子。故选B。【6题详解】推理推断题。依据第三段的“I’mhishousekeeper.Twodaysago,Iheardhisnephewlivinginthecountrysidewillcome.Itmustbeyou.You’rereallylikehim!”（我是他的管家。两天前，我听说他住在乡下的外甥要来。确定就是你。你和他长的很像）和倒数第五段的““Then,Igivethisviolintoyou.””（那么，我把这把小提琴送给你。）可知，作者明知道男孩是个小偷，但为了爱护他的自尊谎称自己是管家，并送小提琴给他。由此推知，作者是一个爱护别人，并且大方的人。故选B。【7题详解】推理推断题。依据文章的主要内容，尤其倒数二三段的“Finally,aviolinplayercalledMerrittwonthefirstprizewithhisstrength!Aftertheaward,Merrittrantomeholdingaviolinbox,excited,asked,“Mr.Brian,doyoustillknowme?Youhavegivenmeaviolin,whichIhavebeentreasuringuntiltoday!Today,Icangivebackthisviolintoyouwithoutregret…”Itturnedoutthathewas“Mr.Ram’snephewMichael”!”（最终，一个名叫Merritt的人用自己的实力赢得了一等奖。颁奖之后，Merritt拿着一个小提请盒跑来找我，特别兴奋地问“布莱恩先生，您还记得我吗？你给过我一把小提琴，我一珍藏至今。今日我能毫无缺憾地把他归还给你”事实证明，他就是“Ram的外甥Michael”）可知，文章主要讲解并描述一个小男孩到作者家偷窃，作者为了爱护他的自尊，谎称自己是管家，并送了一把小提琴给他。许多年之后，在一个小提琴赛上，作者和这个男孩重逢，他用自己的实力获得了第一名。由此推知，文章向人们传达了一个道理——一个小小的善行会有大大的不同。故选D。【点睛】CInsomanyways,cyberspace(网络空间)mirrorstherealworld.Peopleaskforinformation,playgames,andsharehobbytips.Othersbuyandsellproducts.Stillotherslookforfriendship,orevenlove.Unliketherealworld,however,yourknowledgeaboutapersonislimitedtowordsonacomputerscreen.Identity(身份)andappearancemeanverylittleincyberspace.Rather,aperson’sthoughts—oratleastthethoughtstheytype—arewhatreallycount.Soeventheshyestpersoncanbecomeachat-roomstar.Usually,this“faceless”communicationdoesn’tcreateproblems.Identitydoesn’treallymatterwhenyou’reinachatroomdiscussingpoliticsorhobbies.Infact,thisstressontheideasthemselvesmakestheInternetagreatplaceforexcitingconversation.Whereelsecansomanypeoplecometogethertochat?ButsomeInternetuserswantmorethanjustsomeonetochatwith.They’relookingforseriousloverelationships.Iscyberspaceagoodplacetofindlove?Thatanswerdependsonwhomyouask.Someoftheserelationshipsactuallysucceed.Othersfail.SupporterssaythattheInternetallowscouplestogettoknoweachotherintellectually(智力地)first.Personalappearancedoesn’tgetintheway.Butothersarguethatnoonecantrulyknowanotherpersonincyberspace.Why?BecausetheInternetgivesusersalotofcontroloverhowothersviewthem.Internetuserscancarefullychangetheirwordstofitwhateverimage(形象)theywanttogive.Inasense,they’renotreallythemselves.Allofthismaybefineiftherelationshipstaysincyberspace.Butnotknowingapersonisabigprobleminaloverelationship.Withsomanyunknowns,it’seasytoletone’simagination“fillintheblanks.”Thisunavoidablyleadstodisappointmentwhencouplesmeetinperson.Howsomeoneimaginesanonlinefriendisoftenquitedifferentthantherealperson.So,beforelookingforloveincyberspace,remembertheadviceofCliffordStoll:“Lifeintherealworldisfarricherthananythingyou’llfindonacomputerscreen.”8.Whatdoweknowaboutthepassage?A.Itispossiblethatpeoplecan’tfindtrueloveonline.B.Appearanceisimportantforrelationshiponline.C.Ashypersonwilldefinitelybecometalkativeonline.D.Peopleareencouragedtocreateimagesincyberspace.9.WhatdoesParagraph5mainlytellus?A.Thefaceisthereflectionofheart.B.Don’tjudgeabookbyitscover.C.Thingsarenotalwayswhattheyseem.D.Innerbeautyismoreimportantthanappearance.10.Whatdoes“this”inParagraph6referto?A.One’simagination. B.Loverelationship.C.Theonlinefriend. D.Therealfriend.11.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardslookingforlovecyberspace?A.Positive. B.Disappointing.C.Unconcerned. D.Objective.【答案】8.A9.C10.A11.B【解析】这是一篇争论文。文章主要说明白现在许多人都在网络里找寻爱情或者其他的社会联系，并详细分析了在网络里找寻爱情的劣势。【8题详解】推理推断题。依据其次段中的“Unliketherealworld,however,yourknowledgeaboutapersonislimitedtowordsonacomputerscreen.（与现实世界不同，你对一个人的了解仅限于电脑屏幕上的文字。）”，第五段中的“Internetuserscancarefullychangetheirwordstofitwhateverimage(形象)theywanttogive.Inasense,they’renotreallythemselves.（互联网用户可以细心措辞以适合他们想树立的形象。在某种意义上，他们不是真正的自己。）”以及倒数其次段中的“Howsomeoneimaginesanonlinefriendisoftenquitedifferentthantherealperson.（一个人对网上挚友的想象通常与真实的人有很大的不同。）”可知，我们通过网络对一个人的了解，很可能与现实中的这个人有很大的不同，在网络上，人们可能会塑造出一个和现实中的自己相差甚远的一个形象。由此可知，人们可能在网上找不到真爱。且依据文章在第四段中提到的“Iscyberspaceagoodplacetofindlove?…Someoftheserelationshipsactuallysucceed.Othersfail.”也可知，一些人在网络上胜利地找寻到了爱情，而一些人失败了，故选A。【9题详解】主旨大意题。依据第五段中的“Butothersarguethatnoonecantrulyknowanotherpersonincyberspace.Why?BecausetheInternetgivesusersalotofcontroloverhowothersviewthem.Internetuserscancarefullychangetheirwordstofitwhateverimage(形象)theywanttogive.Inasense,theyrenotreallythemselves.”可知，一些人认为没有人能在网络空间真正相识另一个人，因为互联网让用户可以很好地限制别人对自己的看法，互联网用户可以细心措辞以适合他们想树立的形象。在某种意义上，他们不是真正的自己。由此可知，C选项（事情并不总是像看上去的那样。）切题，故选C。【10题详解】词句揣测题。结合前两句“Butnotknowingapersonisabigprobleminaloverelationship.Withsomanyunknowns,it’seasytoletone’simaginationfillintheblanks.”可知，不了解一个人是恋爱关系中的一个大问题。有这么多的未知数，很简单让一个人的想象力去填补空白。再结合本句句意可知，当一对情侣见面时，这种用来弥补空白的想象力会不行避开地导致悲观，因此推断this指代“一个人的想象力”。故选A。【11题详解】推理推断题。依据文章最终一段“So,beforelookingforloveincyberspace,remembertheadviceofCliffordStoll:“Lifeintherealworldisfarricherthananythingyou’llfindonacomputerscreen.”可知，作者认为在网络上找寻爱情之前，先记住CliffordStoll的忠告：现实生活比任何电脑荧幕上找得到的东西都丰富得多。因此推断作者并不支持在网络上找寻爱情，故选B。DFromencouragingschoolworkandsportstomodelingvaluesasachildgrows,parentshavegreatinfluencesontheirchildren’slives.Theyare,however,nottheonlyinfluences—especiallyafterchildrenenterschool.Whileparentsmaywanttoleadtheirchildalongacertainpath,aparents’jobistoprepareachildforindependenceandtheabilitytoachievewhattheychoose.Toparenteffectively,it’snotenoughtosimplyavoidtheobviousdangerslikeabuse,neglect.Indeed,theNationalAcademyofSciencesdelineatesfourmajorresponsibilitiesforparents:maintainingchildren’shealthandsafety,promotingtheiremotionalhealthandhappiness,developingsocialskills,andpreparingchildrenintellectually.Manystudiessuggestthatthebest-adjustedchildrenarebroughtupbyparentswhofindawaytocombinewarmthwithclearbehavioralexpectations.ParentsmayfindtheFourC’shelpful:care(showingacceptanceandaffection),consistency(maintainingastableenvironment),choices(allowingthechildtodevelopindependence),andconsequences(usingresultsofchoices,whetherpositiveornegative).Noteveryparentingstyleisforthechild’sbenefit.Thereissuchathingasoverparenting,whichcancripplechildrenastheymoveintoadulthoodandmakethemunabletodealwiththedifficulties.Twoexamplesofoverparentingstylesinclude“helicopterparenting,”inwhichchildrenareover-monitoredandkeptoutofharm’sway,and“snowplowparenting,”inwhichpotentialdifficultiesareremovedfromachild’spath.Bothcannegativelyimpactachild’slaterindependence,mentalhealth,andself-worth.Ofcourse,thereissuchathingastoo-littleparenting,too,andresearchprovedthatlackofparentingoftenleadstopoorbehaviorsinchildren.Thismaybe,inpart,becauseitencouragestheyoungtoberelytoomuchonpeerculture.Finally,parentsshouldtryhardtobelovingbutfirm,whilegivingchildrenenoughspacetodeveloptheirowninterests,exploreindependence,andexperiencefailure.12.AccordingtoParagraph2andParagraph3,goodparents______.A.takeadvantageofpositiveresultstoguidechildrenB.simplyavoidtheobviousdangerslikeabuseandneglectC.careaboutchildren’sphysical,emotionalandsocialwell-beingD.bringuptheirchildreninachangeableenvironment13.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“cripple”inParagraph4mean?A.Damageone’sbody. B.Weakenone’sability.C.Hurtone’sfeeling. D.Shortenone’sway.14.Howdoestheauthordevelopthepassage?A.Bytellingstories. B.Bymakingcomparisons.C.Byanalyzingdata. D.Byexpressingopinions.15.What’sthebesttitleofthepassage?A.Whatareunhealthyparentingstyles?B.Whataretheresponsibilitiesofparents?C.Howdogoodparentstreattheirchildren?D.Howdoparentingstylesaffectchildren’sdevelopment?【答案】12.C13.B14.B15.D【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明白父母的教养方式会影响孩子的发展，说明白好的父母的一些标准，以及一些不好的哺育方式，如过度哺育和哺育不足，并说明白其对孩子将来的负面影响。【12题详解】细微环节理解题。依据其次段中“Indeed,theNationalAcademyofSciencesdelineatesfourmajorresponsibilitiesforparents:maintainingchildren’shealthandsafety,promotingtheiremotionalhealthandhappiness,developingsocialskills,andpreparingchildrenintellectually.(事实上，美国国家科学院明确了父母的四项主要责任：维护孩子的健康和平安，促进他们的情感健康和华蜜，发展社交技能，以及让孩子做好智力打算)”以及第三段中“ParentsmayfindtheFourC’shelpful:care(showingacceptanceandaffection),consistency(maintainingastableenvironment),choices(allowingthechildtodevelopindependence),andconsequences(usingresultsofchoices,whetherpositiveornegative).(父母可能会发觉四个有用的C：关切——表示接受和宠爱、一样性——维持稳定的环境、选择——允许孩子发展独立和结果——运用选择的结果，无论是主动的还是消极的)”可知，好的父母关切孩子的身体、情感和社会华蜜感。故选C。【13题详解】词义揣测题。依据画线词后文“childrenastheymoveintoadulthoodandmakethemunabletodealwiththedifficulties”可知过度哺育会在孩子长大成人后减弱他们的实力，使他们无法处理这些困难。即画线词意思为“减弱某人的实力”。故选B。【14题详解】推理推断题。依据第三段“Noteveryparentingstyleisforthechild’sbenefit.Thereissuchathingasoverparenting,whichcancripplechildrenastheymoveintoadulthoodandmakethemunabletodealwiththedifficulties.Twoexamplesofoverparentingstylesinclude“helicopterparenting,”inwhichchildrenareover-monitoredandkeptoutofharm’sway,and“snowplowparenting,”inwhichpotentialdifficultiesareremovedfromachild’spath.Bothcannegativelyimpactachild’slaterindependence,mentalhealth,andself-worth.(并不是每一种育儿方式都是为了孩子的利益。有一种叫做过度哺育，它会在孩子长大成人后减弱他们的实力，使他们无法处理这些困难。过度哺育方式的两个例子包括“直升机式哺育”和“雪犁式哺育”，前者对孩子进行过度监控，使其远离危急，后者则将孩子成长道路上的潜在困难解除在外。两者都会对孩子日后的独立、心理健康和自我价值产生负面影响)”以及第四段“Ofcourse,thereissuchathingastoo-littleparenting,too,andresearchprovedthatlackofparentingoftenleadstopoorbehaviorsinchildren.Thismaybe,inpart,becauseitencouragestheyoungtoberelytoomuchonpeerculture.(当然，也有父母哺育过少的问题，探讨证明，缺乏哺育往往会导致孩子行为不良。这在确定程度上可能是因为它激励年轻人过分依靠同辈文化)”可知，作者在第三、四段中将过度哺育和哺育过少，与二、三段中提到的好的父母的要求进行了比较，即作者是通过比较绽开这篇文章的。故选B。【15题详解】主旨大意题。依据最终一段“Finally,parentsshouldtryhardtobelovingbutfirm,whilegivingchildrenenoughspacetodeveloptheirowninterests,exploreindependence,andexperiencefailure.(最终，父母应当努力做到慈祥而坚决，同时给孩子足够的空间来发展自己的爱好，探究独立，体验失败)”结合文章主要说明白父母的教养方式会影响孩子的发展，说明白好的父母的一些标准，以及一些不好的哺育方式，如多度哺育和哺育不足，并说明白其对孩子将来的负面影响。可知，D选项“父母的教养方式如何影响孩子的发展？”最符合文章标题。故选D。其次节（共5小题：每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文中的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Realizingyourdreamsisnotamatterofpossibility;it’samatterofmotivatingyourselftofocusontherightthings.Youknowyoushouldbedoingsomething,butsometimesyoujustdon’tfeellikedoinganything.___16___Herearesomedailymotivationtricksthatmightworkforyou.Thisisbyfarthemostimportanttipinthisarticle.Sitdownandgetamoveon!Readingmoreaboutmotivationwon’thelp.Reviewingyourto-dolistswon’thelp.___17___Sostopthinkingabouthowhardthetaskisgoingtobeorhowlongit’sgoingtotakeyou.Tellyourself,“AssoonasIgetgoing,I’llfeelmoremotivated.”___18___Youhavethechoicetoreplacenegativeself-talkwithamoreencouragingandfriendlyvoice.Avoicethatdoesnotlookatthepossibilityofsuccessbeforetakingaction,butratherusesself-beliefasitsdrivingforce;Avoicethatallthingsarepossibletothosewhocommittotheirdream.Thinkabouthowfaryouhavecome.Youhavemadesomuchprogress,youjustdon’trealizeit.Openyoureyesandgiveyourselfcreditforallthatyouhavedone.Thinkaboutit.Writedownyourpastsuccesses.___19___You’llprobablybepleasantlysurprisedwhenyoureviewyourresults.Acceptfailureasapositivelearningexperienceandjudgeunsuccessfulworkandmistakesaspartofthegrowthprocess.Whentimesgettough,takeadeepbreath,andknowthatmostgreatthingscomewhenyouleastexpectit.Beingdefeatedisatemporarycondition;givingupiswhatmakesitpermanent.___20___.A.Doyoufeelthepush-backoflaziness?B.Onlydoinghelpsgeteverythinggoing.C.Beawareofyourself-talkandstayconfident.D.Thisdiscouragingsituationcanlastalongtimeifyoudon’ttakeaction.E.Pushthrough!Dailymotivationtrickshelpyoutorealizeyourdreams.F.Considerusingadiarytokeeptrackofthem.G.Andmostpeoplethatgaveupdidn’trealizehowclosetheyweretosuccess.【答案】16.D17.B18.C19.F20.G【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些日常激励技巧，可以用来帮助你实现幻想。【16题详解】依据上文“Realizingyourdreamsisnotamatterofpossibility;it’samatterofmotivatingyourselftofocusontherightthings.Youknowyoushouldbedoingsomething,butsometimesyoujustdon’tfeellikedoinganything.(实现你幻想不是一个可能的问题，这是一个激励你自己去关注正确的事情的问题。你知道你应当做点什么，但有时你就是不想做任何事)”以及后文“Herearesomedailymotivationtricksthatmightworkforyou.(下面是一些可能对你有用的日常激励技巧)”可知，上文提到想实现幻想但就是任何事都不想做，即不实行行动，故本句承接上文说明这一行为造成的影响。上文中don’tfeellikedoinganything与D选项中don’ttakeaction相对应。故D选项“假如你不实行行动，这种令人懊丧的状况会持续很长时间”符合语境，故选D。【17题详解】依据上文“Readingmoreaboutmotivationwon’thelp.Reviewingyourto-dolistswon’thelp.(多读些关于激励的书是没有用的。回顾你的待办事项清单是没有用的)”以及后文“Sostopthinkingabouthowhardthetaskisgoingtobeorhowlongit’sgoingtotakeyou.Tellyourself,‘AssoonasIgetgoing,I’llfeelmoremotivated.’(所以不要再去想这个任务究竟有多难，或者要花多长时间。告知自己：“只要我起先行动，我就会感到更有动力。”)”可知，上文列举了对实现幻想没有用的事情，后文提到起先行动，故本句应当是说明真正能起作用的事情。故B选项“只有行动才能让一切顺当进行”符合语境，故选B。【18题详解】依据后文“Youhavethechoicetoreplacenegativeself-talkwithamoreencouragingandfriendlyvoice.Avoicethatdoesnotlookatthepossibilityofsuccessbeforetakingaction,butratherusesself-beliefasitsdrivingforce;Avoicethatallthingsarepossibletothosewhocommittotheirdream.(可以选择用一种更激励和友好的声音来代替消极的自我对话。一个在实行行动前不考虑胜利可能性的声音，而是以自信为动力的声音；对那些致力于自己幻想的人来说，一切皆有可能)”可知，本段主要是在说明自我对话和保持自信对实现幻想的重要性，后文中self-talk和self-belief可与C选项中self-talk和confident相对应。故C选项“留意你的自我对话，保持自信”符合语境，故选C。【19题详解】依据上文“Thinkaboutit.Writedownyourpastsuccesses.(想一想。写下你过去的胜利)”可知，本句承接上文接着说明用什么方式来记录下自己的胜利。上文中pastsuccesses与F选项中相对应them。故F选项“考虑用日记来记录它们”符合语境，故选F。【20题详解】依据上文“Acceptfailureasapositivelearningexperienceandjudgeunsuccessfulworkandmistakesaspartofthegrowthprocess.Whentimesgettough,takeadeepbreath,andknowthatmostgreatthingscomewhenyouleastexpectit.Beingdefeatedisatemporarycondition;givingupiswhatmakesitpermanent.(将失败视为一种主动的学习阅历，将不胜利的工作和错误视为成长过程的一部分。当生活变得艰难的时候，深呼吸，要知道大多数宏大的事情都是在你最意外的时候出现的。被战胜是短暂的，放弃是永恒的)”可知，本句为本段最终一句，上文提到放弃，上文中givingup可与G选项中mostpeoplethatgaveup相对应。故G选项“大多数放弃的人没有意识到他们离胜利有多近”符合语境，故选G。第三部分语言应用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题：每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A，B，C，D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Ilookatspidersandbutterflies.Iwatchcaterpillarsandmoths.SometimesIthinkI’mtheonlyonewho___21___thesethings.Butifithadn'tbeenfora___22___cafeteria,Iwouldn’thaveevernoticedValeri.Valeriwasanewstudent.Shewalkedtoclasswithherbookshuddledagainstherchestandherheaddown.Shetalkedonlywhentheteacheraskedheraquestion.Afteramonthatourschool,shehadn’tmadeanyfriend.Atrecess,shesatonabenchandread.Ifyouaskedwhoshewas,you’dgeta___23___likethis,“She’sinmyPEclass.”Onedayatlunch,Ihad___24___tosit.Mosttableswerefull,myfriendsscatteredamongthem.ButValerisatalone,bookinhand,Iwalkedovertoherandasked,“MayIsithere?”Iasked.“Sure,”shesaid.Thecafeteriawasnoisy,but___25___hungbetweenus.Valerididn’tseemto___26___,butitdrovemecrazy.I___27___mymindforthingstosay.“So,”Isaid,“isthatagoodbook?”Valeri___28___andwentbacktoreading.“What’sitabout?”Iasked,afterseveralmore___29___secondsofsilence.“It’scalledEragon,andit’saboutadragon!”“Soundscool.”Isaid.Iwasabouttoaskheranotherquestion,butthebellrang.AsIrushedoutofthecafeteria,I____30____Valeri,“Seeyou.”“seeyou.”shesaid.Thenoneday,whilewatchingatalentshow,Igot____31____andIwantedittoendsoIcouldreadEragon.Thenashygirlwalkedonstage.Irecognizedher____32____.ItwasValeri.Shestartedtoplay.Thenotesformedasoft,sweettune.Thenitturnedfast,thenlouder.Valeriendedthesongwithonehard,fast,____33____note.Theauditorium(观众席)fellcompletelysilentuntilwerealizedthemusicwasfinished.Weburstintoapplause(鼓掌).Valeritooka____34____bowandrushedoffstage.Ismiledtomyself.Valeriwasn’tjusta“quietgirl”.SheknewaboutwonderfulbooksandcouldplaytheviolinlikenothingI’deverheard.Likeacaterpillarorbutterfly,shewasbeautifuland____35____whenyoulookedclosely.21.A.notices B.ignores C.admires D.researches22.A.empty B.crowded C.popular D.deserted23.A.reflection B.shock C.response D.proposal24.A.somewhere B.anywhere C.nowhere D.everywhere25.A.harmony B.silence C.shadow D.comfort26.A.move B.permit C.escape D.mind27.A.lost B.searched C.changed D.opened28.A.explore B.laughed C.chatted D.nodded29.A.annoying B.exciting C.frightening D.surprising30.A.sawto B.referredto C.calledto D.repliedto31.A.relaxed B.bored C.focused D.concerned32.A.gradually B.carefully C.immediately D.fortunately33.A.low B.sad C.loud D.happy34.A.slow B.quick C.quality D.dramatic35.A.shy B.outgoing C.quiet D.amazing【答案】21.A22.B23.C24.C25.B26.D27.B28.D29.A30.C31.B32.C33.C34.B35.D【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲解并描述了作者相识了新同学Valeri。她不仅仅是一个宁静的女孩，博览奇异的好书，能拉出作者闻所未闻的小提琴曲。Valeri就像作者所视察的毛毛虫或蝴蝶，细致视察才会发觉有着惊人的美。【21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：有时我觉得我是唯一一个留意到这些事情的人。A.notices留意；B.ignores忽视；C.admires艳羡；D.researches探讨。依据“Ilookatspidersandbutterflies.Iwatchcaterpillarsandmoths.”可知，作者认为，这些事情只有自己一个人留意。故选A。【22题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但假如不是一个拥挤的自助餐厅，我就不会留意到Valeri。A.empty空的；B.crowded拥挤的；C.popular受欢迎的；D.deserted遗弃的。依据“Onedayatlunch,Ihad___4___tosit.Mosttableswerefull,myfriendsscatteredamongthem.”可知，因为自助餐厅很拥挤，所以才相识了Valeri。故选B。【23题详解