高中三年级第三次模拟考试-英语含答案及解析

...wd......wd......wd...盐城市2018届高三年级第三次模拟考试英语试题第一局部听力〔共两节，总分值20分〕做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容完毕后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节〔共5小题；每题1分，总分值5分〕 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最正确选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来答复有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Whatisthewomanprobablydoing?A.Watchingamovie. B.Readinganewspaper. C.Makinganadvertisement.2.Whatarethespeakerstalkingaboutingeneral?A.Theirbestmemoriesofarelaxingholiday.B.Theirtravellingplansforthesummerholiday.C.Theirfavoritewaysoftravellingaroundtheworld.3.Whenwillthemeetingbegin?A.At3:20. B.At3:40. C.At4:00.4.Wherearethespeakers?A.Inashop. B.Inarestaurant. C.Intheman’shouse.5.Whatdoesthewomanmean?A.Shedoesn’tneedtheman’shelp.B.Sheexpectsthemantomovethedesk.C.Shewantstoremovethebooksfromthedesk.第二节〔共15小题；每题1分，总分值15分〕听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最正确选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，答复第6、7题。6.Whatdoesthemansayabouthisjob?A.Thebossisreallynice.B.Workmateslookfriendly. C.Workplaceissmallandnoisy.7.Whatcanwelearnfromtheconversation?A.Thebosstoldthemanalltherules.B.Markwillbecomethebossthisyear.C.ThemanwillcooperatewithMark.听第7段材料，答复第8、9题。8.Whydoesthewomantalktotheman?A.Helosthisstudentvisa. B.Heoftenmakestrouble.C.Heisoftenabsentfromclass.9.Whatistheworstresultoftheman’sbehaviour?A.He’llbesentbackhome.B.He’llhavetorestarthiscourse.C.He’llstayinthepolicestation.听第8段材料，答复第10至12题。10.WhatdoesthemanmainlymentionaboutHelen?A.Changesinhercharacter. B.Problemswithteachers. C.Relationshipswithparents.11.Whatdoesthemandecidetodointheend?A.HaveatalkwithHelen.B.TalkwithHelen’sfather.C.SpendmoretimewithHelen.12.WhatcanwelearnaboutHelen?A.Herparentsareverybusy.B.Classmatesdislikeher.C.Teachersworryabouther.听第9段材料，答复第13至16题。13.WhatdidNickandMeldowhentheywereyoung?A.Theylearnedtoactatschool.B.Theywenttoliveconcertswiththeirfather.C.Theywereencouragedtoplaymusicbytheirmother.14.WhenwasthebandKrispystarted?A.AfterNickandMelplayedtogether.B.AfterNickbeganstudyingatamusicschool.C.AftertwomusicianssawNickandMelplaying.15.Whatdoweknowaboutthebandinthefirstyear?A.Theyrecordedtwoalbums.B.Theyjoinedamusiccompany.C.Theywerewelcomeintheconcert.16.Whathasdisappointedtheman?A.Parentsforbadethemtojoinacompany.B.Hisillnessdelayedanewalbumrecording.C.Thefirstalbumhassoldunderamillioncopies.听第10段材料，答复第17至20题。17.Whatcanbeclearlyaffectedifteenagerslacksleep?A.Theirspirits.B.Theirlong-termhealth. C.Theiracademicperformance.18.Whatistoblameforteenagersnotgettingenoughsleepaccordingtothespeaker?A.Poordiet. B.Lackofexercise. C.Toomuchentertainment.19.Whatadvicedoesthespeakergivetoteenagerswhohavetroublegettingtosleep?A.Listentomusic. B.Readabook. C.Drinkhotchocolate.20.Whatdoesthespeakersuggestschoolsshoulddo?A.Startlessonslater. B.Shortentheschoolday. C.Offerclassesintheevenings.第二局部英语知识运用〔共两节，总分值35分〕第一节单项填空〔共15小题；每题1分，总分值15分〕请认真阅读下面各题，从题中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最正确选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。21.Thomasmade______hisconcernsaboutthechangesthathadbeenintroducedatwork.A.plain B.perfect C.easy D.ambiguous22.Overthelastfourdecades,theChinesepeoplehave______enhancedproductivitythroughhardworkwithafirmspirit.A.roughly B.merely C.significantly D.equally23.—Canyougivemesomeadviceonhowtodealwiththattoughcustomer?—I______toherinsteadoftryingtoexplainoverthephoneifinyourshoes.A.willwrite B.wouldwrite C.weretowrite D.wouldhavewritten24.Myprinterisfiveyearsold,soI’dliketo______itandpurchaseanewoneonline.A.delete B.retire C.refresh D.declare25.—YoushouldhaveheardTomyesterday?—Sure.He’schargedwithtakingthecarwithouttheowner’s______.A.enquiry B.privilege C.command D.consent26.Intermsoftheurbaneffectsofthetechnology,ourcitiesare______forself-drivingcars.A.nowherenearready B.nearnowherereadyC.anywherenearready D.nearanywhereready27.Isentinmyapplicationthreeweeksagoandthey’reprobablynotgoingtocallmeback.I’mstill______hope,though.A.holdingout B.workingout C.figuringout D.settingout28.Manygraduatesaren’tpreparedforwhatthefuturehas______whentheycomeoutofschool.A.indemand B.atease C.atlength D.instore29.______tofindingwaystomakemusicaccessibletoallchildrenisMs.Thompsonwithatouringcompanyofprofessionalmusicians.A.Devoting B.Devoted C.Beingdevoted D.Havingbeendevoted30.ByDecember2017,thenumberofChinesenetizensreached772million,______753millionsurftheInternetviamobilephones.A.which B.whoseC.ofwhich D.forwhom31.Manyoflife’sfailuresareexperiencedbypeoplewhodidnotrealizehowclosetheyweretosuccess______theygaveup.A.once B.while C.when D.unless32.Neverthroughouthistoryhasamanwho______alifeofeaseleftanameworthremembering.A.lives B.lived C.wouldlive D.hadlived33.Ifweworkedontheassumption______whatisacceptedastruereallyistrue,thentherewouldbelittlehopeforadvance.A.where B.if C.whether D.that34.It

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nose35.—WallStreetEnglishjustlaunchedanewWeChatlearningplatformandwecantakefreeclasses!—______!Letmehavealook!A.Youdon’tsay B.YouhavegotitC.Youhavemethere D.Youcansaythatagain第二节完形填空〔共20小题；每题1分，总分值20分〕请认真阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最正确选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。StephenHawkingdiesat76today,thedaycoincidingwiththebirthdayofanotherlegendofscience,AlbertEinstein.His36areinastateofdeepshockandhavetweetedthatthedeathofthegreatestscientistis37fortheybelievedthemantobeimmortal.There’sonethingthat’scertainandit’sdeath,38howandwhenitcomesissomethingthatcan’tbeinone’shands.Orcanitbe?LookingathowHawkingsurvivedoverhalfacenturyofbeing39thedeathsentence,thescalesaretippingtowardayes.Andheindeedjustdidn’t40it;hesucceeded.“Howeverdifficultlifemayseem,thereisalwayssomethingyoucandoand41at〞,hesaid.Duringthecourseofhisraredisease,his42tothefieldofphysicsstandsoutmiraculously.Now,whatmadethemanageniusofmind?Wasithis

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orhis43misfortunethatstrengthenedhismind?Hewas44withacripplingdiseaseattheageof21,whichprogressivelydisablestheindividual.Inthe45ofhisgenius,however,fortune46himsincethen.Hisscientificworkgot47andbetter.Theman,whosebodywassofragileandseemedto48hisgenius,nevergaveup.SomeexpertssayperhapsHawkingwas49diagnosedandthisisthereasonofhissurvivingoverhalfacentury.Also,doctorssaythediseasespread50thanitdoesinmostofthepatients,givinghimmoretime.Hawkinghimselfsaid,“Ihavebeenluckythatmyconditionhas51moreslowly.Butitshowsthatoneneednotlose52.〞Hawkingseemedunaffectedbythedrawbackslife53athim.Hecallsallhisaccomplishmentsthatfollowedhisdiseasea54.Heindeedisauniqueexampleoftwomindpowers55—anastonishingwillpowerandastrongsenseofdetermination.Thesetwohelpedhimfightagainstallodds.36. A.ancestors B.doctors C.opponents D.followers37. A.unavoidable B.unreasonable C.unbelievable D.unpredictable38. A.or B.but C.so D.for39. A.handedover B.turnedover C.takenover D.runover40. A.share B.control C.change D.survive41. A.succeed B.wonder C.point D.laugh42. A.explanation B.distribution C.contribution D.attention43. A.mental B.emotional C.financial D.physical44. A.infected B.occupied C.diagnosed D.concerned45. A.respect B.event C.face D.name46. A.tricked B.favored C.rejected D.abandoned47. A.thicker B.tougher C.simpler D.lighter48. A.corrupt B.fail C.spot D.strike49. A.precisely B.entirely C.luckily D.wrongly50. A.easier B.harder C.slower D.quicker51. A.evolved B.progressed C.recovered D.improved52. A.fate B.hope C.health D.fortune53. A.screamed B.barked C.threw D.shot54. A.bonus B.deposit C.reward D.gain55. A.multiplied B.combined C.exploited D.separated第三局部阅读理解〔共15小题；每题2分，总分值30分〕请认真阅读以下短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最正确选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AAYaleeducationemphasizestheimportanceoflearningforpublicservice.Foundedin1886,DwightHallatYaleisastudent-run,staff-supportedpublicserviceandsocialactionorganization.Belowisalistofsomeactiveprograms,whichcanbesearchedbyname,cause,ortypeofservice.LogoOverviewMissionNEWHAVENNEWHAVENAIDSWalkNewHavenCause(s):Health&MedicineTypesofservice:FundraisingandFinancialSupportApplication:Joinanytime!A5Koff-campuswalktoraisemoneytoprovidesupportservicestoindividualsandfamiliesinfectedandaffectedbyHIV/AIDSinthegreaterNewHavencommunity.Ourgoalsaretoraisemoney,increasepublicawareness,promotepreventionthroughadvocacy.AmericanRedCrossatYaleCause(s):Health&MedicineTypesofservice:DirectServiceAdvocacyandEducationApplication:Joinanytime!WeareanundergraduateorganizationworkingtobringnationalAmericanRedCrossprojectstotheYalecampus.WorkingwithourlocalNewHavenchaptertoorganizeprojectssuchasfirstaidandCPRtraining.WeuseYaleUniversity’ssignificantpeopleresourcestoprovideessentialbloodsuppliestohospitalsandpatients.BestBuddiesInternationalCause(s):Children&YouthPeoplewithDisabilitiesTypesofservice:DirectServiceAdvocacyandEducationApplication:Joinanytime!InternationalBridgesESLCause(s):Education&LiteracyTypesofservice:DirectServiceApplication:Joinanytime!BridgesESLprovidesfreeEnglishlanguagel56.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEintermsofhealthandmedicinecauses?A.VolunteerswillprovidedirectsupportservicestoAIDSvictims.B.AIDSWalkNewHavenistargetedatYaleHIV-infectedstudents.C.AmericanRedCrossatYaleencouragesYalestudentstodonateblood.D.ThosejoiningAmericanRedCrossatYaleshouldbemedicalexperts.57.Asanewforeignuniversityfreshman,he/sheislikelytobenefitfrom______.A.AIDSWalkNewHaven B.AmericanRedCrossatYaleC.BestBuddies D.BridgesESLBPersonally,IlovewritingreviewsofanykindmostlybecausethatwayIcanputallmythoughtsaboutthesubjectonthepaper.Beforewegoon,Ihavetomentionitisdifferentwhenyouwriteareviewforyourselfi.e.yourblogorwebsiteandforyourprofessorincollege.Toanuntrainedeye,reviewsmayseempointless.What’sthepointofwritingaboutsomethingwhenotherpeopleandyourprofessorhavealreadyreadthebook?Isn’titenoughtotalkaboutitintheclass?Justasmoviereviewsdevelopyourcriticalthinking,bookreviewsdothesame.Itisnotenoughtoreadabookandcallitaday;youhavetoestablishyouropinion,yourlikes,anddislikes.Whenaprofessorgivesyouthisassignment,he/shewantstoseeyourabilitiestoanalyzethebookandusevocabularyskillstodiscussdifferentpartsoftheplot.Sinceweareaccustomedtowritingbookreportsataveryyoungage,itcomesasnosurprisewedon’tthinkbookreviewsaredifferentthanabookreport.Contrarytothepopularbelief,bookreviewsandbookreportsaretwodifferenttypesofwriting.Knowinghowtheydifferisessentialforwritingahigh-qualitypaperthatwillguaranteeagoodgrade.Bookreportsusuallycentrearoundtopicaldetailsabouttheauthorandtheplotofthestory.Ontheotherhand,abookreviewisamorecomplicatedapproachtounderstandinganddiscussingabook.Itdoesn’tcentrearoundasummaryofeachsection,butyouhavetocarryoutathoroughanalysis.Asyougrowanddevelopasastudent,sodoesyourabilitytothinkcritically.Youdon’tjustsumupwhatyou’vejustreadbutanalyzeeverypieceofthepuzzleinordertoshowtheabilitynotonlytopayattentiontodetailbutalsoengagethinkingcritically.Here,youhavetobecarefulthatyouaren’t,actually,justretellingthestory.Whilebookreviewsmaycontainsomeelementsofbookreportse.g.author,characters,plot,theemphasisistoprovideamoredetailedinsight,godeeperandelaboratestrengthsandweaknessesofthebook,anddiscusstheelementsofthestory.Youknowthedifferencebetweenbookreportsandbookreviews,nowwhat?Nowyou’rereadytobegintheassignment.Inordertowriteathoroughbookreview,youhavetopayattentiontoeverythingaboutthebook,whichiswhywritingdowntheinformationabouttheauthor,genreetc.isstronglyadvised.That’swhyyou’llneedapenandnotebookwhereyoucanwriteeverything.58.Accordingtothepassage,whatshouldbedonebeforestartingtowriteareview?A.Identifyingthetargetreader.B.Consultingwithyourprofessor.C.Developinganinterestinreviews.D.Listingallyourthoughtsonthepaper.59.Theauthorshowstheimportanceofabookreviewmainlyby______.A.givingasolidexample B.makingareasonableassumptionC.drawingavalidcomparison D.providingadetaileddescription60.Wheredoesthefundamentaldifferencebetweenareportandareviewlie?A.Objectivesummary. B.Criticalcomments.C.Thoroughcomprehension. D.Personalabilities.CTheworld’smostcomplexbiologicalcomputer,madefromagroupofengineeredcells,couldonedaybeimplantedintothebodytodetectdiseasesanddelivertreatments.Inanearlyresearchin2012,MartinFusseneggeratETHZurishinSwitzerlandandhiscolleaguesengineeredtwokidneycellstobecomeabiologicalcircuitcapableofsimplemathematics.Oneofthecellswasabletocalculateaddition:thepresenceorabsenceofeachoftwochemicalswouldswitchonareactioninsidethecellthatwouldmakeitshinedifferentcolours.Theothercellworkedinthesamewaybutcouldsubtractamounts.Thiskindofbiologicalcircuitresemblesasimplelogiccircuitinacomputer.Intheory,itcouldbeusedtoindicatethepresenceofaninfectioussubstancewhileinfactitfailed.Mostbiologicalreactionsinthebodyaren’tthatsimple,though.Theyrarelyrelyon“oneinputandoneoutput〞–instead,multipleinputsleadtodifferentoutputs.Forinstance,ahighlevelofcalciuminthebodyinthepresenceofaspecifichormonemaysuggestonedisease,butahighlevelofcalciumalongwithanotherhormonemightindicateacompletelydifferentcondition.mathematics.However,itishardtopackmultiplecalculationsintoasinglecell.Togetaroundthis,Fusseneggerandhisteamhaveengineeredamulticellularsystem,inwhichdifferentcellseachperformaseparatecalculationandpassontheresultstoeachother.Thesystemhasninecells,eachcontainingabiochemicalreactionthatrespondstothreechemicalinputs–similartoanAND,NOTandORsysteminatraditionalelectroniccircuit.Thesecellscoordinatetheiractivitiesbyreleasingchemicalsthatpassfromonecelltotheother.Together,theyformafullybiologicalcircuitthatcanrespondtomultipleinputs.“Althoughitisnotatastageyetwherewecantestonanimals,webelieveitisthemostcomplexbiologicalcomputereverassembled,〞saysFussenegger.“Thisworkaddressesoneofthemajorlimitationsinsyntheticbiology(合成生物学)–alackofprogrammabledevices,〞saysÁngelGoni-Moreno,asyntheticbiologistatNewcastleUniversity,UK.HesaysthatFussenegger’smulticellularapproachenablesyoutoprogrammethecircuitandachievedifferentcalculationsjustbyconnectingtheninecellsindifferentconfigurations(设置).Inthefuture,abiologicalcomputerlikethiscouldbeusedtomonitormorecomplexmedicalconditions.Forexample,itcouldrespondtoariseincalcium,adropinahormoneandanincreaseinabiomarker,whichtogetherwouldsignalthepresenceofaspecifictypeofcancer,helpdiagnoseitandalerttheusertoseekappropriatetreatment.61.Theunderlinedword“subtract〞inParagraph2isclosestinmeaningto______.A.addup B.takeaway C.splitup D.giveaway62.WhatwastheprogressmadeinFussenegger’searlyresearch?A.Abiologicalcircuitwasimplantedinoneofkidneycells.B.Theindicationofinfectioussubstancesbecameareality.C.Engineeredkidneycellscouldswitchonbiologicalreactions.D.Certaincellsweremadecapableofperformingmathematics.63.WhathasmadeFussenegger’scurrentmulticellularsystemsospecial?A.Ithasallthefunctionsofatraditionalelectroniccircuit.B.Itisprogrammableandabletoperformdifferentmathematics.C.Ithassuccessfullypackedmultiplecalculationsintoasinglecell.D.Ithasbeentestedthroughaseriesofexperimentsonanimals.64.Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?A.SmartcellsindicatingvariouscancersB.Electroniccircuitmadefrommulti-cellsC.ProgrammablecellsimplantedinhumanbodiesD.BiologicalcomputermadefromhumancellsDAccordingtoGuglielmoCavalloandRogerChartier,readingaloudwasacommonpracticeintheancientworld,theMiddleAges,andaslateasthesixteenthandseventeenthcenturies.Readerswere“listenersattentivetoareadingvoice,〞and“thetextaddressedtotheearasmuchastotheeye.〞Thesignificanceofreadingaloudcontinuedwellintothenineteenthcentury.UsingCharlesDickens’snineteenthcenturyasapointofdeparture,itwouldbeusefultolookatthefamilialandsocialusesofreadingaloudandreflectonthefunctionalchangeofthepractice.Dickenshabituallyreadhisworktoadomesticaudienceorfriends.Inhislateryearshealsoreadtoabroaderpubliccrowd.ChaptersofreadingaloudalsoaboundinDickens’sownliteraryworks.Moreimportantly,hetookintoconsiderationtheVictorianpracticewhencomposinghisprose,somuchsothathiswritingismeanttobeheard,notonlyreadonthepage.

PerformingaliterarytextorallyinaVictorianfamilyiswelldocumented.Apartfrompromotingapleasantfamilyrelationship,readingaloudwasalsoameansofprotectingyoungpeoplefromthedangerofsolitary(孤独的)reading.Readingaloudwasatoolforparentalguidance.Bymeansofreadingaloud,parentscouldalsointroduceliteraturetotheirchildren,andassuchthepracticecombinedleisureandmoreseriouspurposessuchasreligiouscultivationintheyouths.Withinthefamily,itwascommonplaceforthefathertoreadaloud.Dickensreadtohischildren:oneofhissurvivingandoften-reprintedphotographsfeatureshimposingonachair,readingtohistwodaughters.Readingaloudinthenineteenthcenturywasasmuchaclassphenomenonasafamilyaffair,whichpointstoawidespreadbeliefthatVictorianreadershipprimarilymeantamiddle-classreadership.ThosewhofelloutsidethisgrouptendedtobeoverlookedbyVictorianpublishers.Despitethis,Dickens,withhispublishersChapmanandHall,managedtodistributeliteraryreadingmaterialstopeoplefromdifferentsocialclassesbyreducingthepriceofnovels.Thiswasalsomadepossiblewiththetechnologicalandmechanicaladvancesinprintingandthespreadofrailwaynetworksatthetime.Sincetheliteracylevelofthissectionofthepopulationwasstilllowbeforeschoolattendancewasmadecompulsoryin1870bytheEducationAct,aconsiderablenumberofpeoplefromlowerclasseswouldlistentorecitalsoftexts.Dickens’sreaders,whowerefromsuchsocialbackgrounds,mighthaveheardDickensinthismanner.SeveralbiographersofDickensalsodrawattentiontothefactthatitwastypicalforhistextstobereadaloudinVictorianEngland,andthusilliteracywasnotanobstacleforreadingDickens.Readingwasnolongerachieflyclosetedformofentertainmentpracticedbythemiddleclassathome.Aworking-classhomewasinmanywaysnotconvenientforreading:thereweretoomanydistractions,thelightingwasbad,andthehomewasalsooftenhalfaworkhouse.Asaresult,theVictoriansfromthenon-middleclassestendedtofindrelaxationoutsidethehomesuchasinparksandsquares,whichwereidealplacesforthepublictogowhileawaytheirlimitedleisuretime.Readingaloud,inparticularpublicreading,tosomeextentblurredthedistinctionsbetweenclasses.TheVictorianmiddleclassdefineditsidentitythroughdifferenceswithotherclasses.Dickens’spopularityamongreadersfromthenon-middleclassescontributedtothecreationofanewclassofreaderswhoreadthroughlistening.

DifferentreadersofDickenswerenotreadingsolitarilyand“jealously,〞touseWalterBenjamin’sterm.Instead,theyoftenenjoyedamorecommunalexperience,anexperiencethatisgenerallylackingintoday’sworld.Modernaudiobookscanbeconsideredacontemporaryversionofthepractice.However,whilethetwentieth-andtwentieth-first-centurytrendforindividualstolistentoaudiobookskeepssomecharacteristicsoftraditionalreadingaloud—suchas“listenersattentivetoareadingvoice〞andtheearbeingthefocus—itisafarmoresolitaryactivity.65.WhatdoestheauthorwanttoconveyinParagraph1?A.Thehistoryofreadingaloud.B.Thesignificanceofreadingaloud.C.Thedevelopmentofreadingpractice.D.Therolesofreadersinreadingpractice.66.HowdidthepracticeofreadingaloudinfluenceDickens’sworks?A.Hestartedtowriteforabroaderpubliccrowd.B.Heincludedmorereadablecontentsinhisnovels.C.Scenesofreadingaloudbecamecommoninhisworks.D.Hisworkswereintendedtobebothheardandread.67.HowmanybenefitsdidreadingaloudbringtoaVictorianfamily?A.2. B.3. C.4. D.5.68.WherecouldaLondonsteelworkerpossiblyhavegonetoforreading?A.Workingplace. B.His/herownhouse.C.Nearbybookstores. D.TrafalgarSquare.69.WhatchangedidreadingaloudbringtoVictoriansociety?A.Differentclassesstartedtoappreciateandreadliteraryworkstogether.B.Peoplefromlowersocialclassesbecameacceptedasmiddle-class.C.Thedifferencesbetweenclassesgrewlesssignificantthanbefore.D.Anon-classsocietyinwhicheveryonecouldreadstartedtoform.70.Whatislikelytobediscussedafterthelastparagraph?A.Newreadingtrendsforindividuals.B.Theharmofmodernaudiobooks.C.Thematerialformodernreading.D.Readingaloudincontemporarysocieties.第四局部任务型阅读(共10小题；每题1分，总分值10分)注意：请将答案写在答题卡上相应题号的横线上。每个空格只填1个单词。Artificialintelligence(AI)isrushingintobusiness.FirmsofalltypesareusingAItoforecastdemand,hireworkersanddealwithcustomers.TheMcKinseyGlobalInstitute,athink-tankwithinaconsultancy,forecaststhatjustapplyingAItomarketing,salesandsupplychainscouldcreateeconomicvalueof$2.7trnoverthenext20years.Suchgrandforecastsfuelanxietyaswellashope.Lessfamiliar,butjustasimportant,ishowAIwilltransformtheworkplace.Startwiththebenefits.AIoughttoimproveproductivity.Humanyze,apeopleanalyticssoftwareprovider,combinesdatafromitsbadges(工牌)withemployees’calendarsande-mailstoworkout,say,whetherofficelayoutsfavourteamwork.Slack,aworkplacemessagingapp,helpsmanagersassesshowquicklyemployeesaccomplishtasks.Companieswillseewhenworkersarenotjustdozingoffbutalsomisbehaving.Employeeswillgain,too.Thankstoadvanceincomputervision,AIcancheckthatworkersarewearingsafetyequipmentandthatnoonehasbeenharmedonthefactoryfloor.Somewillappreciatemorefeedbackontheirworkandwelcomeasenseofhowtodobetter.Machinescanhelpensurethatpayrisesandpromotionsgotothosewhodeservethem.Thatstartswithhiring.Peopleoftenhavebiasesbutalgorithms(算法),ifdesignedcorrectly,canbemoreunprejudiced.Softwarecanflagpatternsthatpeoplemightmiss.YetAI’sbenefitswillcomewithmanypotentialdrawbacks.Algorithmsmaynotbefreeofthebiasesoftheirprogrammers,whichcanhaveunintendedconsequences.Thelengthofatravelmaypredictwhetheranemployeewillquitajob,butthisfocusmayharmpoorerapplicants.OlderstaffmightworkmoreslowlythanyoungeronesandcouldrisklosingtheirpositionsifallAIlooksforisproductivity.Andsurveillance(监控)mayfeelOrwellian—asensitivematternowthatpeoplehavebeguntoquestionhowmuchFacebookandothertechgiantsknowabouttheirprivatelives.AsregulatorsandemployersweightheprosandconsofAIintheworkplace,threeprinciplesoughttoguideitsspread.First,datashouldbeanonymisedwherepossible.Microsoft,forexample,hasaproductthatshowsindividualshowtheymanagetheirtimeintheoffice,butgivesmanagersEmployeesshouldbetoldwhattechnologiesarebeingusedintheirworkplacesandwhichdataarebeinggathered.Asamatterofroutine,algorithmsusedbyfirmstohire,fireandpromoteshouldbetestedforbiasandunintendedconsequences.Last,countriesshouldletindividualsrequesttheirowndata,whethertheyareex-workerswishingtocontestadismissalorjobseekershopingtodemonstratetheirabilitytoprospectiveemployers.ThemarchofAIintotheworkplacecallsfortrade-offsbetweenprivacyandperformance.Afairer,moreproductiveworkforceisaprizeworthhaving,butnotifitchainsemployees.Strikingabalancewillrequirethought,awillingnessforbothemployersandemployeestoadapt,andastrongdoseofhumanity.AISpyPassageoutlineSupportingdetailsIntroductionWhileitsfutureinbusinessisfullof(71)▲,AIaffectstheworkplacenegatively.AdvantagesofAI●AImakesbusinessmoreproductivebyanalyzingtheofficelayout,assessingtheemployees’workingefficiencyand(72)▲theirbehavior.●AIcan(73)▲employees’safetyandprovidefeedbackforthemtobetterthemselves.●AIhelpsbusinesseshire