初升高衔接课2构词法课件

BridgingCourse

——初高中英语衔接课程（二）Wordformation第二讲

LearntoknowthewordformationrulesinEnglish.

Learntousetherulestoguessthemeaningofthewords.CONTENTS02abbreviating(缩写)04addingaprefixorsuffix(加前缀或后缀)03changingthepartofspeech(改变词性)05combiningtwoormorewords

(组合两个或多个单词)06Homework01IntroductionWhenyouopenadictionary,youoftencomeacrossalotofunfamiliarwords.Youmightthinkthisisabitscary.Butmanyofthemareformedusingothersimplerwords.Thisiscalledwordformation.Itisimpossibletoknowthemeaningofeveryword,butknowingaboutwordformationcanhelpusguesstheirmeanings.Besides,it’salsoagoodwaytomemorizewordsandexpandourvocabulary.IntroductionXiaolongbao(soupdumplings)，thoseamazing

constructionsofdelicate

dumplingwrappers，encasinghot,__56__(taste)soupandsweet,freshmeat,are

farandawaymyfavoriteChinese

streetfood.2023新课标Ⅰ卷tastyadj.amazev.tosurprisesb.amazingadj.surprisinggreatlyconstructv.buildconstructionn.buildingwrapv.coverorrollupinwrappern.thecoveringinwhichsth.iswrappedcasen.acontainerencasev.encloseinorasifin,acasetastev.&n.abbreviating(缩写)WHOITUSUNOLYMPICSASAPOMGBTWIDKAshortformofawordorphrase,madebyleavingoutsomeofthelettersorbyusingonlythefirstletterofeachword.changingthepartofspeech(改变词性)Convertingwordsofonepartofspeechtothewordsofanotherpartofspeech,withoutchangesinmorphologicalstructures(词形).转化法（Conversion）动词---名词常见的转化形式：stopvt.

停止---n.车站lovevt.

爱---n.

爱Watchvt.

观看---n.

手表recordvt.

录音---n.

纪录combvt.

梳理(头发)---n.

梳子abusevt.

辱骂---n.

辱骂常见的转化形式：名词----动词handn.

手---vt.

上交seatn.

座位---vt.

坐nursen.

护士---vt.

护理oiln.

油---vt.

上油timen.

时间---vt.

定时，测时shouldern.

肩膀---vt.

肩负常见的转化形式：副词---动词downadv.向下---v.放下副词---名词nowhereadv.任何地方都不---n.无处，无名的地方形容词---名词

freezingadj.冰冻的---n.冰点

solidadj.固体的,坚实的---n.固体常见的转化形式：shouldern肩膀vt.承担airn空气vt.给…通风betteradj较好的vt.改善；使更好forwardadv向前v.转寄;

发送must必须n.必须做的事if如果n.不确定的情况but但是n.反对的理由

1.Womenshouldertheburdenofchildcare.2Mymotherairedthesheetswell.3Thousandsofworkersjoinededucationalassociationsinanattempttobetterthemselves.4Theywillforwardyouthenewgoodsnextweek.

5AdictionaryisamustforEnglishlearning.6Hisargumentcontainstoomanyifsandbuts.

猜测词义1Lookingback,IcanseethatthoseterribleeventsshapedmeintothepersonIamtoday.2Theywillteachyou____thelittlethingsinlife.AvalueBbenefitCmeasureDconsidershapen.形状v.塑造valuen.价值

v.重视；珍视3.Whatreallymattersisnotwhatyouhavebutwhoyouare.mattern麻烦，问题matter=beimportant/count重要addingaprefixorsuffix(加前缀或后缀)hamburgereggplantpineapplesculpturepaintingseasickcarsickairsickhomesickhomeworkhouseworkhardlysoftlyharmfulharmlessshamefulshamelessrainsnowsunshineFormingwordsbyaddingaffixestostems.Wordsformedinthiswayarederivatives.派生词（derivation）1.前缀

除少数前缀外，前缀一般改变单词的意义，不改变词性。（1）在词根前加表示否定意义的前缀，构成与原词意义相反的新词。请写出下列单词的意思dislike________disagree_______disappear_______incorrect________impossible________illegal________irregular_______inability________mislead________misunderstand________nonsmoker__________nonstop_______unimportant_______ unable_______ 不喜欢不同意消失不正确不可能不合法不规则的无能力误导误解不抽烟的人直达的不重要的

不会的Prefix50%点击添加文字

点击添加文字点击添加文字点击添加文字点击添加文字点击添加文字点击添加文字点击添加文字点击添加文字点击添加文字点击添加文字点击添加文字（2）表示其他意义的前缀请根据单词说明该前缀的含义re-________________co-________________inter-________________en-________________tele-________________sub-________________eco-________________over-________________reuserecyclereunitereviewcooperateinternationalenableendangerenlargetelegraphsubwaysubtitleeco-friendlyoversleep

再，又和...一起，共同相互，在...之间使...成为(构成动词)远的,远距离的在...以下,在...下面环境的,生态的太过于,完全的,上面PrefixSuffix50%点击添加文字

点击添加文字点击添加文字点击添加文字点击添加文字点击添加文字点击添加文字点击添加文字点击添加文字点击添加文字点击添加文字点击添加文字2.后缀

除少数后缀外，后缀一般改变词性，而不引起词义的变化。1).名词后缀：请写出下列单词的名词形式differ_________ perform__________ introduce____________suggest_________collect___________invite__________develop_________ agree___________ill______________sad_____________ warm___________true______________free_____________marry_________important________music_________(音乐家) educate_______________(教育家)write_________(作家) China_____________(中国人)differenceperformanceintroductionsuggestioncollectioninvitationdevelopmentagreementillnesssadnesswarmthtruthfreedommarriageimportancemusicianeducatorwriterChinese50%点击添加文字

点击添加文字点击添加文字点击添加文字点击添加文字点击添加文字点击添加文字点击添加文字点击添加文字点击添加文字点击添加文字点击添加文字你还能想到那些名词后缀吗？Suffix-er-or-tion-ment-ity-ist-hood-ionteacher,workervisitor,sailoreducation,satisfactiondevelopment,movementability,possibilitypianist,artistchildhood,brotherhoodaction,solution,conclusion50%点击添加文字

点击添加文字点击添加文字点击添加文字点击添加文字点击添加文字点击添加文字点击添加文字点击添加文字点击添加文字点击添加文字点击添加文字2）.形容词后缀：-ous-ful-able,-ible-ant,-ent-arydangerous,humoroushelpful,carefulcomfortable,responsibleimportant,excellentmilitary,voluntarySuffix50%点击添加文字

点击添加文字点击添加文字点击添加文字点击添加文字点击添加文字点击添加文字点击添加文字点击添加文字点击添加文字点击添加文字点击添加文字3）.副词性的词缀：-ly-wardsquickly,softly,yearlybackwards,forwardsSuffix你知道有什么后缀可以把名词或形容词变成动词吗？Suffix（2）请写出下列单词的动词形式real_________ organ_________ pure_________class_________ beautiful_________dark_________weak_________ deep_________ bath_________breath_________realizeorganizepurifyclassifybeautifydarkenweakendeepenbathebreathe猜一猜popularizesimplifywidenSuffix1.动词变名词：-ationsatisfactioneducationrealization-mentdevelopmentmovementdisappointment-alarrival,refusal-eetrainee,employee-erteacher,worker-orvisitor,sailor50%点击添加文字

点击添加文字点击添加文字点击添加文字点击添加文字点击添加文字点击添加文字点击添加文字点击添加文字点击添加文字点击添加文字点击添加文字Suffix2.形容词变名词-nesshappiness,meanness,carelessness-ityability,possibility-ismMarxism,criticism3.名词变形容词：-ywindy,rainy,sandy-ishfoolish,feverish-somehandsome,troublesome-ousdangerous,humorous-fulhelpful,careful,peaceful4.名词、形容词变动词：-ifybeautify,simplify-izerealize-enquicken,widen50%点击添加文字

点击添加文字点击添加文字点击添加文字点击添加文字点击添加文字点击添加文字点击添加文字点击添加文字点击添加文字点击添加文字点击添加文字Suffix前缀，后缀同时使用

猜测词义

1.Iam,despiteimperfections,areal，positiveperson.2settingunrealisticgoalsforourselves不完美不现实的50%点击添加文字

点击添加文字点击添加文字点击添加文字点击添加文字点击添加文字点击添加文字点击添加文字点击添加文字点击添加文字点击添加文字点击添加文字combining(组合)twoormorewordshamburgereggplantpineapplesculpturepaintingseasickcarsickairsickhomesickhomeworkhouseworkhardlysoftlyharmfulharmlessshamefulshamelessrainsnowsunshineTwoormorewordsareputtogethertomakeoneword.

Compound合成词合成法就是由两个或更多的词合成一个词。请试着说说下列合成词的含义。1.合成名词cocktailthunderstormdaybreakwaterfallhandwritinghorse-ridingflashlightreadingroomswimmingpoolgentlemanblackboardsoftwareovercoattake-awayinputtoothbrushbirthplacebedclothesgreenhousedaughter-in-law

2.合成形容词snow-white

worldwide

blood-red

English-speaking

peace-loving

one-way

two-year-old

five-meter-longlight-bluedark-redgood-lookingeasy-goinghard-workingfast-developingwell-knownhighly-developedstate-ownedshort-sighted3.合成动词sleep-walksunbathewhitewashsafeguardblackmail4.合成副词everywherehoweverwheneverforever5.合成介词insideoutsidewithinwithoutinto3.Afine-lookinggentlemaninmilitaryuniformhasbeenstandingacrossthecorner.4.Asaself-employedjobber,hewasalwaysbuildingthingsoutofoddsandends.词义猜测1Laughinghelpstoproducemoreantibody-producingcells.2WhichofthefollowingwordsbestdescribeKate?A.Innocentandsingle-minded.任务型阅读：1.It’snosecretthatnowadaysamajorityofparentsareoverworked,andoverscheduled.抗体生成

好看的过度劳累日程过满一心一意的，坚定的自由职业的，个体经营的Let’ssum构词法：Compounding(合成)Derivation(派生法)

【前缀/后缀】Conversion(转化法)

【词性转换】{前缀改变单词的意义，不改变词性。后缀不改变单词意义，而改变词性。Abbreviating(缩写)correctcorrectionincorrectindependentdependdependabledisabledisabilityimpossiblepossiblepossibilitywrongmistakenmistakemisunderstandunderstandundergraduategraduategraduationn.反义独立的词根adj.残疾的n.不可能的n.反义n.误解词根大学生词根n.近义反义WordsBuilding掌握构词法的重要性1.有助于扩大词汇care careful careless carefullycarelesslycarelessnesscareful 2.有助于了解词义

possible impossible fair unfair3.有助于辨认词类glory glorious operate operationGuidance&explorationHomework1.Hewasoneofthebest_______inyesterday’sfootballmatch.(play)2.Look!How_______Kateislaughing!(happy)3.Itsnowed_______lastnightandnowthestreetsarecoveredwithsnow.(heavy)4.Edisonwasagreat________.Duringhislifehehadmany__________.(invent)playershappilyheavilyinventorinventions

构词