2023-2024学年山西省高三下学期5月模拟预测英语试题(解析版)

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE2山西省2023-2024学年高三下学期5月模拟预测英语试题第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)略第二部分阅读(共两节，满分60分)第一节(共15小题;每小题3分，满分45分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ANewYorkCityhasmanyremarkableparksandopenspacesthatareperfectforhangingoutinwarmweather.Herearefourofourfavoriteplacestotakeascenicwalk,pluswheretoeatnearby.LouisValentino,Jr.ParkDon’tletallofthefactoriesfoolyou—LouisValentino,Jr.ParkhasthebestviewoftheStatueofLiberty.Whenyougethungry,stopbyRedHookLobsterPoundformayo-coatedlobster(龙虾).Sitatoneofthecafe’sfirstcome,firstservedoutdoortables,oreatonthewaterfront.RiversideParkStretching4milesfrom72ndto158thSt,RiversideParkisperfectforhangingoutalongtheHudsonRiver,enjoyingbeautifulviewsofNewJersey.Ifwalkingthewholewayisn’tyourthing,there’sabikepathtoo.DailyProvisionsoffersfantasticsandwichchoices,likejuicychickenandsmokedbacon.CentralParkTherearemanyreasonstowalkthroughCentralParkthisspring:historiclandmarks,greatbirdwatchingspots,andhangingoutwithfriends.Andwhiletheseareenjoyableactivities,they’reevenbetterwithapastramisandwichfromPastramiQueen.RidgewoodReservoirAtRidgewoodReservoir,you’llfindaneasyhikingspotwithapeacefulnaturepreserveandskylineviewsofManhattan.Afterhiking,headtoRolo’sforvarioussandwichoptions.Ithasoutdoortablesbutnoheaters,soyoucantakeeverythingtogoifit’stoocoldout.1.WhatisthebestspotforenjoyingviewsoftheStatueofLiberty?A.LouisValentino,Jr.Park. B.RidgewoodReservoir.C.RiversidePark. D.CentralPark.2.WhatmakesRiversideParkanattractivedestination?A.Itfeaturesabikepathforleisurelyrides.B.ItprovidesvarioussandwichoptionsatRolo’s.C.Itisknownforitsiconicstatusandhistoriclandmarks.D.Itprovidesascenicwalkwithoptionsforbirdwatching.3.Whereisthisarticlemostlikelysourcedfrom?A.Anonlinecookingadvertisement.B.AlocalNewYorkCitytravelguide.C.Thelifestylesectionofalocalnewspaper.D.AnofficialtourismdesignforNewYorkCity.【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了纽约市四个风景优美的散步地点，以及附近的用餐地点。〖答案〗1.A2.A3.B【1题详析】细节理解题。根据“LouisValentino,Jr.Park”部分的句子“Don’tletallofthefactoriesfoolyou—LouisValentino,Jr.ParkhasthebestviewoftheStatueofLiberty.

(不要让所有的工厂欺骗了你——路易斯·瓦伦蒂诺公园（LouisValentino,Jr.Park）是自由女神像的最佳观景地。)”可知，欣赏自由女神像的最佳地点是路易斯·瓦伦蒂诺公园（LouisValentino,Jr.Park）。故选A。【2题详析】细节理解题。根据“RiversidePark”部分的句子“Stretching4milesfrom72ndto158thSt,RiversideParkisperfectforhangingoutalongtheHudsonRiver,enjoyingbeautifulviewsofNewJersey.Ifwalkingthewholewayisn’tyourthing,there’sabikepathtoo.(河滨公园（RiversidePark）从72街延伸到158街，绵延4英里，是沿哈德逊河闲逛、欣赏新泽西美景的绝佳去处。如果你不喜欢全程步行，这里也有自行车道。)”可知，河滨公园有一条自行车道供人们悠闲地骑行，这使它成为一个有吸引力的目的地。故选A。【3题详析】推理判断题。根据第一段“NewYorkCityhasmanyremarkableparksandopenspacesthatareperfectforhangingoutinwarmweather.Herearefourofourfavoriteplacestotakeascenicwalk,pluswheretoeatnearby.(纽约市有许多引人注目的公园和开放空间，非常适合在温暖的天气里闲逛。以下是我们最喜欢的四个风景优美的散步地点，以及附近的用餐地点。)”以及下文内容可知，本文主要介绍了纽约市最受喜爱的四个风景优美、适合散步的公园和开放空间，以及其附近的用餐地点。由此可推知，本文最可能来自纽约当地的旅游指南。故选B。BCharlieJeffers,17,asenioratRedwoodHighSchoolinMarinCounty,Calif.,haslovedLegosinceage4.HisroomisfullofLegobricks.NoticinghisfriendsstartthrowingawaytheiroldLegocollections,hehatchedaplan.“Legosarepricey,”henoted.“Manycan’taffordthem.”HestartedcollectingunwantedLegopartsfromfriendsandneighbors,spreadingthewordthroughcommunitynoticesanddoor-to-doorvisits.Theresponsewassurprising.DonationsofoldLegosetspouredin,propellingJefferstoformalizehiseffortsunderthebannerofPasstheBricks.Togetherwithadedicatedteamofvolunteers,Jeffersandhisteammatescarefullyclean,sort,andrepurposecollectedLegopiecesintoimaginativesets.Thesesets,eachwithroughly20to60pieces,arecarefullymadetocreatescenessuchasblinddatesorfamilyphotoshoots.Sinceitsstartin2020,PasstheBrickshasmadeasignificantsuccess.Withover3,000setsdonatedtodate,Jeffersandhisteamaredrivenbytwopurposes:toreducelandfillwasteandtoprovideLegostochildrenwhomightotherwisegowithout.JeffersstressestheeducationalvalueofLego,emphasizingitscapacitytoinspirecreativityandlearning.PasstheBrickshassinceexpandeditsreachnationwide,withvolunteersinseveralstatesdistributingsetstolocalcharities.Toensureeachsetispresentedwithcare,Jeffersusesdonationsandpersonalfundsfromhisjobatagymtopurchaseaffordablecardboardgiftboxesonline.Thesesets,accompaniedbyinstructionsandaphotoofthefinishedproduct,aredistributedtovariousorganizationsanddirectlytochildrenatlocalschools.Despitehisapproachingtocollege,JeffersremainsdevotedtohiscommitmenttoPasstheBricks.Heplanstocontinueandexpandtheinitiative,drivenbyadesiretosharethejoyandeducationalbenefitsofLegowithasmanychildrenaspossible.“We’regratefultosharethemwiththekidsandfamiliesweserve,”Jeffersexpresses.ReflectingonhisownLego-filledchildhood,heacknowledgesitsprofoundinfluence.“Iaimtoprovideotherswiththesamechance,”heemphasizes,echoinghisongoingcommitmenttosharingthejoyofLegowithall.4.WhatistheprimarypurposeofPasstheBricks?A.TogenerateprofitfromsellingLegosets.B.TorecycleoldLegopiecesandreducewaste.C.TocompetewithotherLegomanufacturers.D.TopromotetheuseofLegosinprofessionalsettings.5.Whichbestreplacestheword“propelling”inparagraph2?A.Forcing. B.Preventing. C.Urging. D.Expecting.6.HowdoesJeffersensurethateachsetispresentedwithcare?A.Byrelyingoncommunitycontributions.B.Byinvestinginappropriatepackagingmaterials.C.Bysecuringfinancialsupportthroughvariousmeans.D.Bydistributingwithcharitableorganizationsnationwide.7.WhatdoesJeffershopetoachievebycontinuingPasstheBricks?A.Establishingasustainablecompany.B.Earningrecognitionforhisdedication.C.Enhancingpersonalsatisfactionandgrowth.D.SharingLegojoywithmanychildrenandfamilies.【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了CharlieJeffers在高中时期发起的一个名为“PasstheBricks”的项目，该项目旨在回收旧乐高积木，减少垃圾填埋，并将这些积木重新组装后捐赠给需要的孩子们。〖答案〗4.B5.C6.B7.D【4题详析】细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Jeffersandhisteamaredrivenbytwopurposes:toreducelandfillwasteandtoprovideLegostochildrenwhomightotherwisegowithout.”（杰弗斯和他的团队有两个目标：减少垃圾填埋和为可能没有乐高玩具的孩子们提供乐高。）可推知，PasstheBricks的主要目的是回收旧乐高积木并减少垃圾。故选B。【5题详析】词句猜测题。根据文章第二段“DonationsofoldLegosetspouredin,”（旧乐高积木的捐赠如潮水般涌入）可知，旧乐高积木的捐赠如潮水般涌入，推动着杰弗斯在“PasstheBricks”的旗帜下正式开展他的工作。这里的“propelling”意为“推动，促使”，与urge意思一致，故选C。【6题详析】细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Toensureeachsetispresentedwithcare,Jeffersusesdonationsandpersonalfundsfromhisjobatagymtopurchaseaffordablecardboardgiftboxesonline.”（为了确保每套积木都被精心呈现，杰弗斯使用捐款和他在健身房工作的个人资金在线购买价格合理的纸板礼盒。）可推知，杰弗斯通过投资适当的包装材料来确保每套积木都被精心呈现。故选B。【7题详析】推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Iaimtoprovideotherswiththesamechance,”heemphasizes,echoinghisongoingcommitmenttosharingthejoyofLegowithall.”（‘我希望给其他人提供同样的机会，’他强调，这回应了他对与所有人分享乐高的乐趣的持续承诺。）可推知，杰弗斯希望通过继续“PasstheBricks”项目，与很多的孩子和家庭分享乐高的乐趣。故选D。CIfyou’reluckyenoughtolivenearforests,you’llknowthatit’scoolerunderthetreesduringhotmid-days.Evenifyouliveinacitywithmorebuildingsthantrees,visitingalocalparkorgardencanhelpyoustaycool.AstudyfromtheUniversityofSurreyintheUKfoundthatbotanicalgardenscanmakecityaircoolerbyupto5degreesCelsius.Wetlandsandraingardensaren’tfarbehind,coolingtheairbyabout4.7and4.5degreesCelsius.Treesalongstreetsalsohelp,loweringairtemperaturesby3.8degreesCelsius,whilecityparkscanmakeit3.2degreesCelsiuscooler.Thepapernotesthatanairtemperatureof40.3℃(104.5℉)brokerecordsintheUKonJuly19,2022.Some62,862deathswerelinkedtosummerheatacrossEuropeinthesameyear,whilethe2003heatwaveinEuropeledtoaneconomiclossof€16billionduetodroughtandcropfailures.AccordingtotheIPCC,“greenandblueurbaninfrastructure(基础设施)elements,includingparks,engineeredgreeningprojects,wetlands,greenwalls,andbotanicalgardens,areparticularlyeffectiveinreducingairtemperaturesincities”.We’vealreadyseenanumberofarchitectureprojectsaroundtheworldemploylargeamountsofgreenerytopromotelocalcooling,alongwithbeneficiallandscaping.However,it’simportanttorecognizethatthereisn’tonesimplesolutiontosuiteverysite,andmuchwilldependoneffectiveplanning.“Ourpaperconfirmsjusthowmanywaystherearetokeepcool,”addedProfessorMariadeFatimaAndradeattheUniversityofSaoPaulo,Brazil."Butitalsorevealshowmuchworkislefttodo.Institutionsaroundtheworldneedtoinvestintherightresearch-becausewhat’sveryclearfromourstudyisthatthereisnouniversalsolution.Itdependsonwhatworksforyourcommunity.”8.Whatcanweconcludefromthefirsttwoparagraphs?A.Greenspaceshelpkeeppeoplecool.B.Wetlandsandraingardensarelesseffective.C.Botanicalgardensarethebestwaytostaycool.D.Moretreesinurbanareasmeancoolertemperatures.9.Whydoestheauthormention“Europe”inparagraph3?A.Todiscussspecificconsequencesofheatwaves.B.Toemphasizethewidespreadimpactofurbanheat.C.Toillustratetheseriousnessofheatwaveswithexamples.D.Toprovidecontextfortemperaturerecordsandtheirimpacts.10.WhatdoesProfessorAndradeemphasizeaboutcoolingsolutions?A.Thesignificanceofglobalresearchsupport.B.Thevarietyofcoolingmethodsavailable.C.Therequirementforuniversalcoolingsolutions.D.Theimportanceoftailoringsolutionstofitlocalneeds.11.Whatmightbeasuitabletitleforthepassage?A.TheCoolingPowerofUrbanGreenSpacesB.TheEconomicandHealthImpactsofHeatwavesC.InnovativeArchitecturalSolutionsforUrbanCoolingD.TheRoleofBotanicalGardensinUrbanTemperatureRegulation【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文，文章主要讲述绿地有助于人们保持凉爽。〖答案〗8.A9.C10.D11.A【8题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段中“it’scoolerunderthetreesduringhotmid-days.Evenifyouliveinacitywithmorebuildingsthantrees,visitingalocalparkorgardencanhelpyoustaycool.(你就会知道在炎热的正午，树下更凉爽。即使你住在一个建筑比树木多的城市，去当地的公园或花园也能让你保持凉爽)”和第二段“AstudyfromtheUniversityofSurreyintheUKfoundthatbotanicalgardenscanmakecityaircoolerbyupto5degreesCelsius.Wetlandsandraingardensaren’tfarbehind,coolingtheairbyabout4.7and4.5degreesCelsius.Treesalongstreetsalsohelp,loweringairtemperaturesby3.8degreesCelsius,whilecityparkscanmakeit3.2degreesCelsiuscooler.(英国萨里大学的一项研究发现，植物园可以使城市空气温度降低5摄氏度。湿地和雨水花园紧随其后，使空气降温约4.7至4.5摄氏度。街道两旁的树木也有帮助，使气温降低3.8摄氏度，而城市公园可以使气温降低3.2摄氏度)”可知，绿地有助于人们保持凉爽。故选A。【9题详析】推理判断题。根据第三段中“Some62,862deathswerelinkedtosummerheatacrossEuropeinthesameyear,whilethe2003heatwaveinEuropeledtoaneconomiclossof€16billionduetodroughtandcropfailures.(同年，全欧洲约有62,862人死于夏季高温，而2003年欧洲的热浪由于干旱和作物歉收导致了160亿欧元的经济损失)”可知，本段屠刀欧洲是为了举例说明热浪的严重性，故选C。【10题详析】细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Institutionsaroundtheworldneedtoinvestintherightresearch-becausewhat’sveryclearfromourstudyisthatthereisnouniversalsolution.Itdependsonwhatworksforyourcommunity.(世界各地的机构都需要投资于正确的研究，因为从我们的研究中可以清楚地看出，没有通用的解决方案。这取决于什么对你的社区有效)”可知，Andrade强调了根据当地需求定制解决方案的重要性。故选D。【11题详析】主旨大意题。根据全文内容，结合第一段“Ifyou’reluckyenoughtolivenearforests,you’llknowthatit’scoolerunderthetreesduringhotmid-days.Evenifyouliveinacitywithmorebuildingsthantrees,visitingalocalparkorgardencanhelpyoustaycool.(如果你足够幸运，住在森林附近，你就会知道在炎热的正午，树下更凉爽。即使你住在一个建筑比树木多的城市，去当地的公园或花园也能让你保持凉爽)”可知，文章主要讲述绿地有助于人们保持凉爽，A项“城市绿地的降温能力”为最佳标题，故选A。DAteamofscientistsfromtheCenterforCognitionandSocialityandtheDataScienceGroupattheInstituteforBasicScience(IBS)madeanexcitingdiscoveryabouthowcomputersandhumanbrainsworksimilarlywhenrememberingthings.Theyfoundoutthatthewayartificialintelligence(AI)models,likethoseinsmartrobots,storememoriesisalotlikehowourbrain’smemorycenter,calledthehippocampus(海马体),doesit.Thispartofthebrainisreallyimportantforfeelingsandmemories.UnderstandinghowAIlearnsandkeepsinformationiskeytomakingitsmarter.ThescientistslookedintohowourbrainslearnandrememberbyfocusingonaspecialprocessinvolvingtheNMDAreceptor,acriticalpartofthehippocampus.Thisreceptorworkslikeasmartdoorinourbrainthathelpswithlearningandremembering.Itopenswhencertainbrainchemicalsarepresent,allowingthecelltoreceivesignalsandcreatememories.Aspecificelement,magnesium,actslikeaguard,onlylettingsubstancesinundertherightconditions.Interestingly,theteamfoundthatTransformer,atypeofAImodel,usesasimilar“guarding”methodtomanageitsmemory.TheywonderediftheycouldmaketheTransformer’smemorybetterbycopyingthebrain’sprocess.ByadjustingsomesettingsintheTransformertomimic(模拟、模仿)thebrain’smemorydoor,theyimproveditsabilitytorememberthingslong-term,justlikeadjustingmagnesiumlevelscanaffecthowwellwerememberstuff.ThisdiscoveryisabigdealbecauseitshowswecanusewhatweknowaboutthebraintomakeAIsmarter.C.JustinLEE,aneuroscience(神经学)directorattheinstitute,mentionedthatthisresearchwasabigstepforwardforbothAIandbrainscience.ItopensupnewwaystounderstandhowthebrainworksandtocreatemoreadvancedAIbasedontheseinsights.So,insimpleterms,scientistshavefiguredoutthatcomputerscanlearnandrememberinwaysthataresurprisinglysimilartous,whichcouldhelpmakethemevensmarterinthefuture.12.Whatdoestheterm“NMDAreceptor”inparagraph2mostlikelyreferto?A.AtypeofcomputervirusthatattacksAIsystems.B.Anewtechnologyformakingcomputersrunfaster.C.AcomponentinAImodelsthatpredictsfutureevents.D.Apartofthehumanbraininvolvedinlearningandmemory.13.WhatdidtheteamdiscoveraboutTransformer?A.Itdirectlymimicsthebrain’smemoryprocess.B.Itisunaffectedbychangesinmemorysettings.C.Itusesaspecialmethodtomanagememory.D.Itrequiresadjustmentstoenhancelong-termmemory.14.WhatisthesignificanceoftheresearchfindingsaccordingtoC.JustinLEE?A.Itisanewapproachtomemoryorganization.B.ItisacrucialstepinadvancingAIandneuroscience.C.Itisamethodforimprovingshort-termmemoryinAI.D.ItisabreakthroughinunderstandingAIemotionalprocessing.15.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?A.ExploringtheNMDAreceptorinthebrain.B.DiscussingimplicationsofneuroscienceforAI.C.Comparingcomputerandhumanmemoryprocesses.D.DiscoveringsimilaritiesbetweenAIandhumanmemory.【语篇解读】本文一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了科学家发现人工智能记忆存储方式与人脑海马体相似，并通过模仿大脑记忆机制改进了AI模型的记忆能力，促进了AI与脑科学的发展。〖答案〗12.D13.C14.B15.D【12题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Thisreceptorworkslikeasmartdoorinourbrainthathelpswithlearningandremembering.(这种受体就像我们大脑中的一扇智能门，帮助我们学习和记忆)”可知，“NMDAreceptor”是人脑中参与学习和记忆的一部分。故选D。

【13题详析】推理判断题。根据第三段中“Interestingly,theteamfoundthatTransformer,atypeofAImodel,usesasimilar“guarding”methodtomanageitsmemory.(有趣的是，研究小组发现，Transformer是一种人工智能模型，它使用类似的“保护”方法来管理内存)”可知，Transformer使用了一种类似于保护的特殊方法来管理其内存。故选C。【14题详析】推理判断题。根据第四段中“C.JustinLEE,aneuroscience(神经学)directorattheinstitute,mentionedthatthisresearchwasabigstepforwardforbothAIandbrainscience.(C.JustinLEE，该研究所的神经科学主任表示，这项研究对于人工智能和脑科学都是一个重大的进展)”可知，他认为这些研究发现的重要意义在于这项研究发现推进了AI和神经科学的关键步骤。故选B。【15题详析】主旨大意题。根据全文内容及最后一段“So,insimpleterms,scientistshavefiguredoutthatcomputerscanlearnandrememberinwaysthataresurprisinglysimilartous,whichcouldhelpmakethemevensmarterinthefuture.(所以，简单来说，科学家们已经发现计算机能够以和我们惊人相似的方式学习和记忆，这可能有助于它们在未来变得更加智能。)”可知，整篇文章的中心思想是关于在人工智能和人类记忆之间发现的相似性，D选项“发现人工智能与人类记忆之间的相似之处”准确总结了文章的中心思想。故选D。第二节(共5小题;每小题3分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。HowtoDevelopCriticalThinkingSkillsThere’snomagicmethodtochangeyourthinkingprocesses.Improvementhappenswithsmall,intentionalchangesinyoureverydayhabitsuntilamorecriticalapproachtothinkingisautomatic.Herearesometipsforbuildingstrongerself-awarenessandlearninghowtoimprovecriticalthinking:Becareful____16____.Oneofthekeyprinciplesofcriticalthinkingisaskingquestionsandanalyzingtheavailableinformation.Youmightsurpriseyourselfatwhatyoufindwhenyoustoptothinkbeforetakingaction.Beforemakingadecision,useevidence,logic,andreasoningtosupportyourownopinionsorchallengeideas.____17____.Askopen-endedquestions“Yes”or“no”questionsinviteagreementratherthanreflection.____18____.Diggingdeepercanhelpyouidentifypotentialbiases,uncoverassumptions,andarriveatnewpossiblesolutions.LearntobequietActivelisteningistheintentionalpracticeofconcentratingonaconversationpartnerinsteadofyourownthoughts.____19____.Ifyou’rebrainstormingwithyourteamorhavinga1:1withacoworker,listen,askclarifyingquestions,andworktounderstandotherpeople’sviewpoints.Thiswillhelpyoufindweaknessesinargumentsforbettersolutions.PutitdownRecordingyourthoughtswithpenandpapercanleadtostrongerbrainactivitythantypingthemoutonakeyboard.Ifyou’restuckandwanttothinkmorecriticallyaboutaproblem,writingyourideascanhelpyouprocessinformationmoredeeply.____20____.Ideasaremorelikelytoremaininthebackgroundofyourmind,leadingtodeeperthinkingthatinformsyourdecision-makingprocess.A.ComparingdifferentviewshelpsyoulearnB.There’snothingwrongwithalittlebitofdoubtC.IthelpsyouavoidbeingmisledbyinaccurateinformationD.Itinvolvesfocusingondetailsandvaluingothers’opinionsE.TrytoengagewithpeoplewhohelpyoudevelopyourideasF.TheactofrecordingideasonpapercanalsoimproveyourmemoryG.Instead,askopen-endedquestionsthatforceyoutoengageinanalysis【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了如何发展批判性思维技能。〖答案〗16.B17.C18.G19.D20.F【16题详析】下文“Oneofthekeyprinciplesofcriticalthinkingisaskingquestionsandanalyzingtheavailableinformation.(批判性思维的关键原则之一是提出问题并分析可用的信息)”提出批判性思维关键原则之一是提出问题，与B项“There’snothingwrongwithalittlebitofdoubt(有一点怀疑没什么不好的)”语意一致，句中“alittlebitofdoubt”和“askingquestions”表达了同样的意思。故选B项。【17题详析】上文“Youmightsurpriseyourselfatwhatyoufindwhenyoustoptothinkbeforetakingaction.Beforemakingadecision,useevidence,logic,andreasoningtosupportyourownopinionsorchallengeideas.(当你在采取行动之前停下来思考时，你可能会对你的发现感到惊讶。在做决定之前，用证据、逻辑和推理来支持你自己的观点或挑战想法)”提出在决定前先要停下来思考，用证据、逻辑和推理来支持你自己的观点或挑战想法，C项“Ithelpsyouavoidbeingmisledbyinaccurateinformation(它可以帮助你避免被不准确的信息误导)”承接上文，说明这样做的好处，“证据、逻辑和推理”可以帮助你避免被不准确的信息误导，上下文语意连贯。故选C项。【18题详析】上文““Yes”or“no”questionsinviteagreementratherthanreflection.

(“是”或“否”的问题会让人同意，而不是反思)”指出问“是”或“否”这类问题的不足，G项“Instead,askopen-endedquestionsthatforceyoutoengageinanalysis(相反，问一些开放式的问题，促使你进行分析)”给出正确的提问方式：提开放式的问题，与上文构成转折关系。故选G项。【19题详析】上文“Activelisteningistheintentionalpracticeofconcentratingonaconversationpartnerinsteadofyourownthoughts.(积极倾听是一种有意识的练习，把注意力集中在谈话对象身上，而不是自己的想法上)”指出倾听是把注意力集中在谈话对象身上，而不是自己的想法上，D项“Itinvolvesfocusingondetailsandvaluingothers’opinions(它包括关注细节和重视他人的意见)”承接上文，说明倾听更关注细节和重视他人的意见，句中“focusingondetailsandvaluingothers’opinions”与上文“concentratingonaconversationpartner”相照应。故选D项。【20题详析】上文“Ifyou’restuckandwanttothinkmorecriticallyaboutaproblem,writingyourideascanhelpyouprocessinformationmoredeeply.(如果你卡住了，想要更批判性地思考一个问题，写下你的想法可以帮助你更深入地处理信息)”指出写下想法可以帮助你更深入地处理信息，F项“Theactofrecordingideasonpapercanalsoimproveyourmemory(把想法记录在纸上也能提高你的记忆力)”承接上文，构成并列关系，说明写下想法的另一个作用：提升你的记忆力，上下文语意连贯。故选F项。第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2分，满分30分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Onesunnyafternoon,Lilyfoundalostkittenhidingbehindabush.Itwasmewingwithtears.Lily’sheartmelted(融化)atthe____21____.Withouthesitation,shepickeditupandhelditinher____22____.Fromthatmomenton,Lilyandthekitten,whomshenamedWhiskers,became____23____.Theyspenttheirdaysexploringthewoods,runningafterbutterflies,andeven____24____secrets.LilywouldoftenreadherfavoritebooksaloudtoWhiskers,whoseemedto____25____happilybyherside.Astheseasons____26____andyearspassed,theirbondonlygrew____27____.Whiskersgrewintoabigcat,buthisloveforLilyremainedfirm.Hewasherconstantfriend,offering____28____duringherchallengingtimes.Onewinter’sday,aheavysnowstormsweptthroughthetown,leavingeverything____29____inwhite.Lily,worriedaboutWhiskersbeingoutinthecold,searched____30____forhim.Afterhoursofsearching,shefoundhimhuddled(蜷缩)beneathatree,hisfurwas____31____infrost.Withtearsinhereyes,LilygentlypickedupWhiskersandrushedhimhome.She____32____himinawarmblanket,nestledhimbythefireplace,andheldhimclose.Astheysattogether,lyinginthe____33____,LilyrealizedjusthowmuchWhiskersmeanttoher.Fromthatdayforward,Lilypromisedtoalwaysvaluethespecial____34____theyshared.Throughthickandthin,theywouldstandbyeachother’s____35____,theirheartsforeverintertwinedinabondofunconditionalloveandfriendship.21.A.cost B.sight C.thought D.event22.A.pocket B.arms C.fingers D.bag23.A.strange B.dangerous C.inseparable D.funny24.A.revealing B.hiding C.inquiring D.sharing25.A.listen B.laugh C.smell D.sleep26.A.maintained B.ignored C.escaped D.changed27.A.unsafer B.farther C.looser D.stronger28.A.comfort B.fun C.chance D.aid29.A.colored B.heated C.blanketed D.protected30.A.pessimistically B.anxiously C.aimlessly D.sincerely31.A.coated B.dried C.washed D.painted32.A.wrapped B.grasped C.threw D.pressed33.A.dream B.rain C.shelter D.warmth34.A.information B.food C.bond D.duty35.A.tendency B.side C.head D.life【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文，文章主要讲述Lily捡到一只小猫并和它建立起爱和友谊的故事。〖答案〗21.B22.B23.C24.D25.A26.D27.D28.A29.C30.B31.A32.A33.D34.C35.B【21题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：看到这情景，Lily的心融化了。A.cost花费；B.sight景象；C.thought想法；D.event事件。根据上文“Lilyfoundalostkittenhidingbehindabush.Itwasmewingwithtears.(Lily发现一只走失的小猫躲在灌木丛后面。它喵喵地哭着)”可知，此处指看到的这一幕让Lily的心融化了，故选B。【22题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：她毫不犹豫地把它捡起来，抱在怀里。A.pocket口袋；B.arms胳膊；C.fingers手指；D.bag包，袋子。结合上文“Lily’sheartmelted(融化)”以及“shepickeditup”可知，Lily的心融化了，应是将小猫捡起来抱在怀里，故选B。【23题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：从那一刻起，Lily和这只小猫，她给它起名叫Whiskers，形影不离。A.strange奇怪的；B.dangerous危险的；C.inseparable不可分离的，分不开的；D.funny有趣的。根据下文“Theyspenttheirdaysexploringthewoods,runningafterbutterflies”可知，他们形影不离，故选C。【24题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们整天在树林里探险，追逐蝴蝶，甚至分享秘密。A.revealing揭示；B.hiding隐藏；C.inquiring询问；D.sharing分享。根据上文“Theyspenttheirdaysexploringthewoods,runningafterbutterflies”和下文“LilywouldoftenreadherfavoritebooksaloudtoWhiskers”可知，此处是描述Lily和小猫的亲密无间，他们甚至分享秘密，故选D。【25题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：Lily经常把她最喜欢的书大声念给Whiskers听，Whiskers似乎在她身边开心地听着。A.listen听；B.laugh大笑；C.smell闻；D.sleep睡觉。根据上文“LilywouldoftenreadherfavoritebooksaloudtoWhiskers”以及空后“byherside”可知，Lily读书的时候，Whiskers似乎在开心地听着，故选A。【26题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：随着季节的更替和岁月的流逝，他们的关系越来越紧密。A.maintained维持；B.ignored忽视；C.escaped逃跑；D.changed改变，更换。根据“yearspassed”可知，季节更替，岁月流逝，故选D。【27题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：同上。A.unsafer更加不安全的；B.farther更远的；C.looser更松的；D.stronger更坚固的。根据语境和下文“Whiskersgrewintoabigcat,buthisloveforLilyremainedfirm.(Whiskers长成了一只大猫，但他对Lily的爱依然坚定)”可知，随着时间的流逝，他们的关系越来越坚固，故选D。【28题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他是她忠实的朋友，在她艰难的时候给予安慰。A.comfort安慰；B.fun乐趣；C.chance机会；D.aid帮助。根据“constantfriend”以及“duringherchallengingtimes”可知，此处指Whiskers就像是忠实的朋友一样，在她艰难的时刻给予安慰，故选A。【29题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：冬天的一天，一场暴风雪席卷了整个小镇，把所有的东西都覆盖上了白色。A.colored着色；B.heated加热；C.blanketed覆盖；D.protected保护。根据“aheavysnowstormsweptthroughthetown”可知，下了一场大雪，一切都被白色覆盖，故选C。【30题详析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：Lily担心Whiskers会在外面受冻，焦急地找他。A.pessimistically悲观地；B.anxiously焦虑地；C.aimlessly漫无目的地；D.sincerely真诚地。根据“worriedaboutWhiskersbeingoutinthecold”可知，Lily担心Whisker，故是焦急地寻找，故选B。【31题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：经过几个小时的寻找，她发现他蜷缩在一棵树下，皮毛上结了一层霜。A.coated给……涂上一层；B.dried使变干；C.washed洗；D.painted用颜料画。根据“huddled(蜷缩)beneathatree”以及“infrost”可知，Whisker蜷缩在一棵树下，皮毛上结了一层霜，故选A。【32题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她用一条温暖的毯子把他裹起来，让他依偎在壁炉旁，紧紧地抱着他。A.wrapped包，裹；B.grasped抓住；C.threw扔；D.pressed按，压。根据“himinawarmblanket,nestledhimbythefireplace”可知，此处指用毯子把猫裹起来取暖，故选A。【33题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们坐在一起，躺在温暖中，Lily意识到Whiskers对她来说是多么重要。A.dream梦想；B.rain雨；C.shelter庇护所；D.warmth温暖。根据上文提到的毯子、壁炉等可知，他们躺在温暖之中，故选D。【34题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：从那天起，Lily承诺永远珍惜他们之间的特殊关系。A.information信息；B.food食物；C.bond纽带，联系；D.duty职责。根据上文“LilyrealizedjusthowmuchWhiskersmeanttoher(Lily意识到Whiskers对她来说是多么重要)”和下文中“theirheartsforeverintertwinedinabondofunconditionalloveandfriendship(他们的心永远被无条件的爱和友谊联系在一起)”可知，此处指Lily珍惜他们之间的特殊关系，故选C。【35题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：无论风风雨雨，他们都会站在彼此的身边，他们的心永远被无条件的爱和友谊联系在一起。A.tendency倾向；B.side边；C.head头；D.life生活。根据“theirheartsforeverintertwinedinabondofunconditionalloveandfriendship(他们的心永远被无条件的爱和友谊联系在一起)”可知，无论风风雨雨，他们都会站在彼此的身边，故选B。第二节(共10小题;每小题2分，满分20分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。JaneEyre(《简爱》)isatimelessclassicthatattractsreaderswithitspowerfulstorytellingandunforgettablecharacters.____36____(write)byCharlotteBronte,thisnovelfollowsthejourneyofJaneEyre,apooryoungwomanwhoovercomesadversity____37____(find)loveandindependence.ThenovelisamasterpieceofVictorianliterature,exploringthemesoflove,morality,andsocialclass.JaneEyre’sstrongsenseofself-worthandindependencemakesherattractive,whileherloveforMr.Rochesteraddsdepth____38____thestory.Bronte’swritingstyleis____39____(elegance)andinteresting,drawingreadersintoJane’sworldandengagingthemintherichlydetailedsettingsofThornfieldHallandYorkshire.Thenovel’satmosphericdescriptionsandvividimagerybringthestorytolife,____40____(create)anabsorbingreadingexperience.OneofthemostmemorableaspectsofJaneEyreisits____41____(explore)ofcomplexinnerstrugglesof____42____(it)characters.FromJane’sinternalconflictstoMr.Rochester’stroubledpast,thenovelexploresthedepthsofhumanemotionwithsensitivity.Overall,JaneEyreisaneverlastingmasterpiece____43____continuestoattract